中国考研英语网

考研英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of [B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to2. [A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3. [A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4. [A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6. [A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7. [A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8. [A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]withdrawn [B]invested [C]donated [D]divided19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20. [A]so that [B]while [C]once [D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion instry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death—as some have done. It tells the fashion instry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their indivial worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion instry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion instry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion instry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular instry.21.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.[B] New runways would be constructed.[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.[D] The fashion instry would decline.22.The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2,Para 2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of.[B] indicating the state of.[C] losing faith in.[D] doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion instry?[A] The French measures have already failed.[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.[C] Model are no longer under peer pressure.[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting a high age threshold for models.[B] caring too much about models’ character.[C] showing little concern for health factors.[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Instry.[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Instry’s Body Ideals.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Consecutive parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London are alone, with no intrusion on green bet. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.[C] is fully backed by the royal family.[D] is not well reflected in politics.27.According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now be[A] graally destroyed.[B] effectively reinforced.[C] largely overshadowed.[D] properly protected.28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C] stresses the necessity f easing the housing crisis.[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30.In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain.[B] the political life in today’s Britain.[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.Text 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit”. But even if you accept Firedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggest the CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s procts are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s procts as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s procts as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for briding foreign officials,” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] tolerance[B] skepticism[C] uncertainty[D] approval32.According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] winning trust from consumers.[B] guarding it against malpractices.[C] protecting it from being defamed.[D] raising the quality of its procts.33. The expression “more lenient” (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to[A] more effective[B] less controversial[C] less severe[D] more lasting34.When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A] has an impact on their decision.[B] comes across as reliable evidence.[C] increases the chance of being penalized.[D] constitutes part of the investigation.35.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?[A] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B] The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.[C] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking instry.Text 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Timesceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future，”the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside，there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper-printing presses, delivery trucks—isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Timesshould’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as a blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times?“I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said. “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy proct.”The most loyal customers would still get the proct they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to make a print proct, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Timesis doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as mush as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly e[A] the high cost of operation.[B] the pressure from its investors.[C] the complaints from its readers.[D] the increasing online ad sales.37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should[A] seek new sources of readership.[B] end the print edition for good.[C] aim for efficient management.[D] make strategic adjustments.38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy proct”[A] helps restore the glory of former times.[B] is meant for the most loyal customers.[C] will have the cost of printing reced.[D] expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that, in a changing world.[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated.[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand[C] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[D] Keep Your Newspapers Forever in FashionPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the A-G for each of the numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Have confidence in yourself[C] Decide if the time is right[D] Understood the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and like ability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader, Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful ring transitions-- when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues, and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have . Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What convey status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to rece decision fatigue . Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition of exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us, (47)Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem—confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives—the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a from of innate or unlearned optimism. (48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness of they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50)As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingDirections:Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案详解（完整版）Section I Use of English1、【答案】B as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，"择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友"显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。其他选项意思与原文内容不符。2、【答案】D decide on【解析】根据选项得知空格处需要填谓语动词，空格后面的宾语是"…配偶"，所以根据动宾搭配的原则，D选项 decide on可以与后面的宾语，构成通顺语义：选择配偶。所以D项正确。3、【答案】C arrange【解析】此题考查的仍是动宾搭配，空格处后面的内容the marriage negotiation，只能与选项C arrange构成通顺语义，"安排…磋商"，故选C。4、【答案】A In theory【解析】根据空格后面的内容，得知女孩可能会否定她的父母为其所选的配偶；句中的may 表示的是一种可能性。所以，与原文句子内容表达一致的，只有A选项 in theory。5、【答案】C after【解析】空格处所在的句子是现在完成时，逗号后面的内容是一般现在时，所以根据时态判断，前后内容存在时间上的先后性，所以C选项after正确。6、【答案】A into【解析】原文：each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _______ a good family. 每个家庭调查另一个家庭，确保孩子娶或嫁到一个好家庭。此处需要填入一个介词，嫁入另一个家庭，介词选择into最合适。故选A。7、【答案】C but【解析】若要判断此空的答案，需要看到前后文的具体含义和逻辑关系。空格上半句说：原来传统婚礼持续三天，后半句说：到20世纪80年代婚礼通常持续1天半，显然前后文形成了对比，故选C。8、【答案】C recite【解析】原文：Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and______ prayers of blessing.佛教神职人员提供一个简短的布道和__________祈祷祝福。四个选项中只有recite prayers为其固定搭配，意为"诵经"。故选C。9、【答案】D tying【解析】原文：________ cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, 把浸泡在圣水中的棉线______在新娘和新郎的手腕。A folding 折叠； B piling 堆积；C wrapping 包裹；以上三项均不符合文意，故选D项tying，绑，系。10、【答案】B passing【解析】原文： around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union.在一圈婚姻幸福美满和德高望重的情侣中_________一根蜡烛来祝福他们。根据语境，A lighting，点亮，C hiding隐藏，D serving 服务;均不合适，只能选B passing 传递。故选B。11、【答案】D union【解析】该句讲到：围坐在新婚夫妇身边祝福他们的____. 根据语境可知应填入团聚的含义，四个选项中union可以表示团聚之意， 为正确答案meeting会议、会面，association联合、联盟，collection收集、集合，均不符合语境。12、【答案】 D live【解析】该句意思是：传统意义上讲新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，并和他们______长达一年之久。前文讲到新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，后文应保持一致性，"和他们生活在一起"故为答案live (with) 与……生活在一起，grow成长，part (with)表分离，反向干扰，deal (with) 处理、应对，不符合题意，故live为正确答案13、【答案】 B until【解析】该句意思是：新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，并和他们______长达一年之久，______他们能够在附近建造新房。空格需要填入逻辑连接词，前后为时间先后关系，故代入until，语义合理，"直到他们造新房之前都住在新娘父母家"。前后文无转折，可排除whereas然而。for表原因，if表条件，代入均不合理。因此答案为until。14、【答案】 A obtain【解析】该句意思是：离婚是合法的并容易______，但并不普遍。填入词应与legal感情色彩一致，故排除avoid（避免）及challenge（挑战，质疑），而follow（跟随）一词通常不与divorce搭配。选项obtain代入语境中，obtain a divorce可以表示获得离婚，搭配合理，语义通顺，为正确答案。15、【答案】C viewed【解析】该句意思是：人们______离婚的人是反对的。此处需填入动作，isolated隔离，persuaded劝说，viewed看待、视为，exposed暴露、揭露。代入文中viewed是最合理的，人们看待离婚的人持反对态度的。因此答案为viewed。16、【答案】D whatever【解析】此处空前有动词retain， 因此需要填入一个连词引导宾语从句， 并且与property搭配，共同充当从句中的宾语。因此排除A选项wherever"无论何地"和C选项whenever"无论何时"。B 选项"however"，作"但是"解，与句意不服， 作"无论多么"理解， 后面常跟形容词，而非名词。 而whatever 与property搭配，可以充当宾语从句的宾语，表示"一切财产"，因此选项D为正确答案。17、【答案】B brought【解析】此处需要填入一个动词，能和property 形成动宾搭配。A选项changed意为"改变"， B选项brought意为"带来"，C选项shaped意为"形成"，D选项pushed意为"推搡"。因此符合文意，能够和财产搭配的只能是选项B。18、【答案】A divided【解析】空格处是一个被动语态， 此处仍然需要填入一个与jointly-acquired property（共同获得的财产）形成动宾搭配的动词。A 选项divided"分割"，不B选项invested"投资"，C选项donated"捐赠"，D选项withdrawn"取钱；撤走资金"，均能和jointly-acquired property构成动宾搭配，但是此处的情境是讨论离婚时的行为， 因此A选项为正确选项。19、【答案】C shows【解析】此处考察固定词组。 A选项clear up意为"（天空）放晴；治疗；处理；解释"，B选项warm up意为"使变热；（使）更活跃"，C选项show up意为"显现，出现"，D选项break up意为"结束；使破碎"。后文提到离婚后，男士可以立即重婚， 而女士必须要等十个月，可知符合文意，并且能够和"性别歧视"搭配的只能是选项C。20、【答案】A while【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文指出，离婚男士在他再婚前没有一个等候期，空格后提到"女性必须要等待10个月"，显然，这二者之间不是因果关系，因此排除B选项 so that"所以"和D选项in that"因为"，也不是C选项once"一旦"所表达的条件关系，因此正确答案为A选项。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121、【答案】[A] physical beauty would be redefined【解析】推断题。根据题干first paragraph定位第一段，其中第一句France ,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion instry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman.以作为全球时尚创新者为荣的法国承认已经失去定义女性形体美的绝对权利，说明法国以前制定的形体美的标准已不再适用，现在需要做出改变，故A选项为正确答案。22、【答案】[D] doing harm to【解析】词义题。根据题干关键词"impinging on"(line2, para2)，定位到第二段的第二句"They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health."（他们认为美女不应该以…健康的外表来界定）。该句承接本段第一句"Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives."其中，Such measures指代的正是第一段中阐述的"雇佣过瘦(excessive thinness)的模特会犯罪的法律规定"，且excessive一词表明了情感色彩是贬义的。因此，推断出impinging on对health是"有害的、不利的"，故选[D] doing harm to。23、【答案】[B] New standards are being set in Danmark【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位在原文第五段。由该段第二句可知，丹麦等国正在制定模特的标准。与选项[B]丹麦正在制定新的标准相符合，故正确。24、【答案】[C] showing little concern for health factors【解析】推理题。题干问的是"设计师似乎被CFW拒绝的原因"。根据题干关键词，回文定位到倒数第二段，其中指出"…enforcement is to deny access for designers…"，意思是"法案拒绝设计师进入CFW，它是由丹麦时装学院创办的。"，再根据该段前两句可知，丹麦时尚界同意关于模特的年纪，健康以及其他特点的法规和制裁，也就是说，丹麦时装学院不再只关注身材，也关注健康。而设计师一般都是以瘦为美，而忽视健康。综上所述，设计师被拒绝的原因是不考虑健康因素，故选[C] showing little concern for health factors。25、【答案】[A] A challenge to the Fashion Instry's Body Ideals【解析】主旨题。首段指出法律要求时尚界不能用过瘦的模特，接下来的段落重点说明时尚界的模特同时还需考虑年纪，健康以及其他方面的因素等。因此这篇文章的中心是围绕对时尚界理想体型观点的挑战，故[A] A challenge to the Fashion Instry's Body Ideals正确。Text 226、【答案】A is not reflected in politics【解析】事实细节题。根据题干"英国大众对于乡村的观点"，可定位于文章的第一段。从文章第一段的后半段能得出：英国人民在民意调查中将"乡村"和王室、莎士比亚以及英国国民保健制度并列选为英国让他们最为自豪的四个方面，但是这种观点得到的政治支持却极为有限。A选项"is not well reflected in politics"在政治中没有得到很好的体现是对原文意思的同义替换，故选A。27、【答案】D graally destroyed【解析】事实细节题。根据题干很明确能回文定位到文章第二段。该段通过第一句的"a century ago"和后面的"later"可知是在做古今对比。题干中问的是"now"，所以重点锁定在对比中的后半部分，而这部分中"They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it."一句表明现在的National Trust已背离了它原始的初衷，它之前的那些成就已经消失了。D选项 graally destroyed正是对这一意思的表述，故选D。28、【答案】C Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation【解析】推理判断题。回文定位到第三段，该段主要讲了各大党派对于这个观点（及第一段中提到的观点）的态度：基本都不赞同。最后一部分"only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pledging for a considered approach to using green land"该句说明只有Ukip这个党派是赞同这个观点，要保护乡村的。C选项正是对原文的同义置换，故选C。29、【答案】D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据George Osborne 可以定位到文中第五段。文中提到George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. 后面一句还提到He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. 通过这两句话可以看出GO是比较喜欢rural的，而通过两个against 则可以看出对urban areas的prejudice. 故选择D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30、【答案】C the town-and-country planning Britain【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据最后一段第一句话可以确定本段的中心是第一句Development should be planned, not let trip, 说明发展是要有计划的，不能任其自由发展。然后再具体讲Britain经过半个世纪the town-and-country planning有计划的发展，取得了很好的成效。故选择C the town-and-country planning Britain.Text 331、【答案】A uncertainty【解析】态度题。根据题干中的关键词Milton Friedman, CSR 可以定位到第一段开头处，米尔顿·弗里德曼认为："企业有且只有一种责任，为增加利润而运用资源，开展活动"。紧接着文章转折并提出"things may not be absolutely clear-cut". 情况并不明确。由此推知，作者对此的态度是uncertainty. A选项是clear-cut的同意置换。选项B skepticism怀疑和选项C. tolerance宽容，都无从得知，选项D. approval 支持，属反项干扰，故答案选A.32、【答案】D. winning trust from consumers.【解析】细节题。根据第二段，以及题干中的关键词CSR，定位文章二段内容，公司花大笔资金在CSR上面，其结果就是"this could add value to their business in three ways", "以三种方式分别给公司带来价值"。紧接着文章分别阐述三种方式，得出正确答案为D. CSR是通过赢得顾客的信任从而帮助公司获益。33、【答案】D less severe【解析】词义题。根据题干回文定位到第四段第一句。通过该段第二句的描述可以得知CSR和政治影响是对立的两个因素。而第二句冒号后面交代，参与政治活动较多的公司不会受到较低的罚款。这就意味着，反而具有全面的CSR项目的公司受到的罚款比较低。因此，结合选项可以推出第一句话中的more lenient penalties指less severe，即不那么严重的（宽大）的惩罚。因此正确答案为D。34、【答案】B has an impact on their decision【解析】细节题。根据题干中的prosecutors evaluate a case回文定位到第五段第二句。该句指出虽然检察官在评估一个案件时，应该基于其功绩，实际上还是受到了公司CSR记录的影响。故正确答案为选项B。题干中的a company's CSR record是原文信息的复现，选项中的has an impact是原文be influenced的同义替换，their decision具体指检察官的评估决定。35、【答案】A The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown【解析】细节题。根据题干回文定位到最后一段。该段首句指出，研究者们承认他们的研究没有解决的问题是：针对CSR各大企业到底该支出多少费用。故正确答案为选项A，其中the necessary amount of companies spending on it（it指代CRS）是原文how much businesses ought to spend on CRS的同义替换，表达的核心都是"公司到底该支出多少费用"；unknown对应原文中的does not answer the question，对这个问题并没有做出回答。Text 436、【答案】[D] the high cost of operation【解析】从题干提取关键词ending和e to 定位到第二段主题句中的 incentive to ditch the print (放弃印刷的原因)。随后解释了infrastructure isn't just expensive （设备不仅仅是昂贵）。此外，该段还对比对手电子图书：don't have the same set of financial constraints（经济限制）。因此可以确定答案D： the high cost of operation 高昂的运营费用。选项A. The increasing online ad sales网络广告收入日益增加。该选项与该段 "And though print ad sales continue to dwarf their online and mobile counterparts"相违背。选项B. the pressure from its investors来自投资者的压力。该选项属于无中生有；选项C. the complaints from its readers读者的抱怨。同样是无中生有选项。37、【答案】[A] make strategic adjustments【解析】首先根据Peretti suggests定位到阐述Peretti观点的第四段第一句：Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.可以确定答案A. make strategic adjustments进行战略调整。选项B. end the print edition for good永远结束印刷版本。该选项和shouldn't不符。选项C. seek new sources of readership挖掘更多读者。文章中未提到。选项D. aim for efficient management提高管理效率。文章中未提到。38、【答案】[B] is meant for the most loyal customers【解析】本题答案定位到第6段第1句"The most loyal customers would still get the proct they favor"以及"make it for the people who are already obsessed with it"。其他选项"会降低报纸成本""有助于恢复报纸以前的辉煌""有助于报纸的流行和普及"这些信息文中均未提及。39、【答案】[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges【解析】根据题干中的"in a changing world"定位到文章最后一段最后一句. 原文说当市场和世界形势发生变化时，我们所做的事情就毫无意义了。在这种情形下，"more aggressive（积极进取）is better", 和答案中的关键信息"aggressiveness better"相呼应。其他选项意思原文中均未提及。40、【答案】[D] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good【解析】本文主要是讲述报纸行业为防止被淘汰的而需要做出的应对之策。根据文中第5段最后一句的"raise prices, and make it into more of a legacy proct"以及第6段中"increase it at a higher rate each year..."可得知，应该不应该立即取消或淘汰报纸行业，而应该把它变成一种更像文化遗产的一种产品，并且要不断提高报纸的价格，变成一种奢侈品。Part B41、【答案】B （Decide if the time is right）【解析】该段中出现了表示时间的词汇和短语：ring transitions; in a period of , time。在不同的时间段，作者给出了不同的策略。浏览小标题发现，只有选项B出现了表示时间的词汇。再次回看原文，本段第二句中的good与小标题中的right也恰好对应，因此确定正确答案为B选项。42、【答案】G （Know your goals）【解析】该段首句提到"弄清楚你希望达到的效果"，然后以问句形式提出段落主题，接着分两个方面来阐述：目标不同，要求不同。本段第一句话中的"get clear"与小标题中的"know"属于同义表达，并且本段第三句话中the goal 与小标题中的goal完全对应，因此正确答案为G选项。43、【答案】D （Understand the context）【解析】该段第一句话提到"要像人类学家一样来考虑你的工作环境"，接着给出了几个排比的问句，都是针对工作环境的具体细节的发问。最重要的是在结尾部分，作者总结评论道，"The better you …, the more control you …"，意为"对文化背景理解得越好，对自己的影响力就有越好的控制"。很明显，这句话凸显了context的重要性，而且出现了关键词的复现understand和context。因此，答案选D选项。44、【答案】E （Work with professionals）【解析】本段按照总分的形式安排，并且在首句给出两处关键词professionals 和 share with，即"支持专家的意见，并且与其分享个人的目标"。下文是举例论述，例如去找私人造型师而不是理发师等。紧接着下文就给出 "work with a professional photographer"让专业人士拍照片而不是自己的朋友或者是配偶。因此可以得出结论本段是围绕专业人士professionals 的重要性来展开的。故选择 Work with professionals.45、【答案】F （Make it efficient）【解析】该段落主题句出现在转折之后，即"Instead, use it as an opportunity to rece decision fatigue."，其中it指代上一句中style upgrade。通过前后两句话对比指出目的是利用style upgrade作为机会来rece decision fatigue（减少决定疲乏），从而来提高办事效率。后两句话作为论据进一步论证这一观点，因此答案选F选项。Section III Translation46、【题目考点】宾语从句，被动语态【句子结构】分号连接两个句子：第一个句子主干为we don't have to learn，how引导宾语从句作learn的宾语，其中how表示方式；第二个句子主干为it is built into us，其中代词it指代前句提及的mental health；in the same way表示方式，that引导定语从句，其中又嵌套了how引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语。【重点词汇】build sth. into sth.：使成为……的组成部分；heal：治愈；mend：修理，痊愈，愈合。【参考译文】我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。47、【题目考点】被动语态，并列结构【句子结构】分号连接两个句子：第一个句子为主谓结构的简单句；第二个句子为but连接的两个并列分句，表达转折关系，主干为it can be hidden, but it is capable of being restored，其中介词短语like the sun behind a cloud表示比喻。【重点词汇】temporarily：暂时地；hide：隐藏，藏匿；be capable of：能够；restore：复原，恢复；in an instant：立刻，立即。【参考译文】心理健康不会去往他方。如同乌云可能蔽日，心理健康可能会暂时隐藏于视线之外，但它完全可以在须臾之间复原如初。48、【题目考点】条件状语从句，并列结构，让步状语从句，介词短语【句子结构】本句主干为：mental health allows us to view others…，三个并列的介词短语with..表示伴随。其中分别嵌套了if引导的两个条件状语从句和no matter who引导的让步状语从句。【重点词汇】sympathy：同情；unconditional：无条件的，绝对的，无限制的。【参考译文】心理健康使我们在他人陷入危难之时给予同情，痛苦不已时给予善意，无论对谁，都能给予无条件的爱。49、【题目考点】让步状语从句，原因状语从句，宾语从句【句子结构】 句子主干是it is perfectly ordinary。it指代前文提及的mental health；although引导让步状语从句，其主干为mental health is the cure-all。as引导原因状语从句，其主干为you will see；that引导从句做see的宾语，其主干为it has been there to direct you【重点词汇】cure-all：合成名词，万灵药；perfectly：完全地，指程度；see：领会，理解。【参考译文】尽管心理健康是人们度过一生的一剂万能良药，但它又普通不已，因为当你需要做出艰难决定时，都可感受到它的存在。50、【题目考点】非限定性定语从句，动名词结构，宾语从句【句子结构】句子主干是knowing that…and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily。两个动名词结构knowing…并列作主句的主语，其中that引导的宾语从句作knowing的宾语。句首的as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，翻译时可以处理为"就像…，正如…"。【重点词汇】available：可获得的，可用的。【参考译文】就像你会渐渐明白，深悉心理健康一直触手可得并且值得信任，使我们能放慢生活脚步，活在当下，幸福生活。Section IV Writing51、【参考范文】NoticeFor better serving the international students, a notice is released here to provide the necessary information about the library.The university library opens at 8 a.m. and closes at 10 p.m. from Monday to Friday, but from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekends. If you need to borrow books, please follow the following steps. First, bring your student card and register first at the librarian's office. At most six books can be borrowed once from the library. You should keep in mind the days that you can keep the book(s) you borrow. Three months is the longest period. If you exceed the limited time, some fines should be paid.If you have any questions or suggestions about borrowing or returning books, telephone 010-8248119 or send an email to university@163.com. We sincerely hope you all enjoy the study and life in our university.University LibraryDecember 26, 201552、【参考范文】The above two pictures reveal two father's different teaching methods. In the first picture, the father is urging his son to study hard while he is smoking and watching TV idly. In the second picture, the father and his son are both concentrating on the study. The caption under the cartoon reads: "It is better to set an example than to make demands".Apparently, the author of the cartoon focuses on a fact that many parents when ecating their children tend to neglect the impact of their own acts upon their children. It is without any doubt that all parents hope that their children could have a bright future. Therefore, they tend to count on schools and the society to provide their kids with a good ecation. However, what they don't realize is that parents are the first teachers of children. Parents failing to set a role model for their children will only result in an unhealthy family atmosphere, which is definitely harmful to the future development of their children.From my perspective, ecation from parents is of vital importance to a child's healthy growth. Therefore, parents should provide their children with a favorable growing environment by being a positive role model. Only through persistent efforts and proper guidance can children enjoy a bright future.

中新网客户端北京12月24日电(杨雨奇)23日，2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试初试环节告一段落。本次考研初试中，有关英语科目难度的话题引发了网友热议，试题中的两个单词“rural”和“debate”甚至上了微博热搜榜。那么，这次考研英语试题真如网友抱怨“难于登天”吗？两个网红单词到底超不超纲？12月22日，山东济南考点，考研学子排队进考场。中新社记者 张勇 摄　“rural”和“debate”成网红单词对于今年的考研英语，不少学子用“翻车现场”来形容。“新题型没见过，冷门词太多，作文标题里都看不懂……”题型新、单词生、难度大，成为考生吐槽的焦点。因考生吐槽而成为“热搜”的两个单词，一是来自考研英语(一)里，小作文题目中的“rural”；二是来自考研英语(二)中，小作文题目里的“debate”。rural、debate单词中文翻译。据报道，考生回忆，英语(一)的小作文题目为：“我为一个援助乡村小学(aiding rural primary school)工作，一个国际志愿者要求我写信告诉他项目的细节。”但很多人由于不认识rural这个单词，导致对作文题目的理解出现了偏差。而英语(二)的小作文考试题目，也同样不易把握：假如史密斯教授，要求你去计划一次关于城市交通为主题辩论，写封电子邮件给他。有两个要求，第一个建议它的主题，第二个给出原因，第三个你的具体安排是什么。在这段题目中，一个“debate”单词也让考生们一时反应不过来，这让他们无法准确理解作文主题，致使其在写作时很容易跑题。除了两个英语小作文题目让人“头疼”，不少网友感慨，今年的新题型也不按套路出牌。部分考生们回忆，英语(一)中的段落排序题、英语(二)里的连线题，甚至阅读理解题也都成了笔下“拦路虎”。12月22日，山东济南考点，考研学子排队进考场。 中新社记者 张勇 摄考生：对完答案，心都凉了网络上，一场英语考试，让不少考生成了“难题段子手”：图片来自微博网友评论截图张晓雨是今年290万考研大军中的一员，对于今年的英语(一)卷，她觉得难度在中等偏上。“虽然做的时候没感觉太难，但考后一对答案，心都凉了。”张晓雨说。让张晓雨“心凉”的，是阅读理解和段落匹配两道大题。张晓雨回忆说，“阅读我感觉都读懂了，但对答案却发现选错很多。段落匹配的题型更是变幻莫测，因为不知道新题型会以什么形式出现，所以备战很困难。”对于考生林润东来说，在考研英语(二)中，最让他头疼的便是小作文：“这个话题我复习的时候没见过，感觉考的很活，即便我认出了debate这个单词，但依然很难把握，不像备战时可以直接套用写作模板。”2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试拉开帷幕，山东考生们真准备进入考场 孙宏瑗 摄专家：debate、rural均属大纲词汇对于考生反馈的生词多、阅读难、题型新，甚至不认识debate和rural两个单词等问题，海天考研教研室老师张培表示：这两个词汇均属于考研英语大纲5500词中的基本词汇，并不超纲，是考生应该掌握的写作基本词汇。张培认为，对于考生来说，即便在考场上一时认不出这两个单词，也不至于写作文跑题。“如果这两个词不认识，可能对题目的要求不能完全理解。但通过前后文语境的推敲理解，还是能避免跑题。”张培表示，这次考研英语试题的难度和往年相比没有特别超越之处，基本持平。而让学生在阅读上产生障碍的，其实是长难句子的理解和对热点阅读背景不熟悉。“英语考试作为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生的选拔性入学考试科目，其目的是测试考生对英语语言的运用能力、评价标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，故而不会在难度上陡然上升。”张培认为，考研英语的难度略高于六级，但考生若能掌握5500个基础词汇，理解长难句子，有一定的逻辑思维及词汇深层理解能力，那么英语考试也不会是想象中那么困难。(完)

问题：考研英语怎么复习？考研英语网课推荐什么好？一、看网课我刚说缩短看网课的时间，而不是彻底停了，因为对于考研小白，或者英语基础比较弱的考研党（比如我），网课用处还是很大的。第一是你可以跟着老师按部就班地学，也不用担心我今天要学啥，明天要学啥；第二是英语基础弱的话，自学起来确实费时费力，有个老师讲就感觉好多了。我觉得一次听两三个小时的话，是不是老师会跟你们侃大山？前期这种确实很吸引人，后期复习时间宝贵，就有点儿浪费了。我当时听的是张国静考研英语全程班，一节课30分钟就能搞定，纯干货，少废话，我就喜欢这种简洁的。但其实内容也不少，词汇、语法、长难句、作文都有讲，从基础开始给你讲，基础弱也能听懂。我基本上是每天一节吧，慢工出细活嘛。听完网课后，也不能就直接把视频关了，你得先自己想想课程脉络是啥，讲了啥重点内容，每个重点内容底下，又有几个小点是需要注意的。看着笔记，在脑子里过一遍，印象会更深，有啥重要内容，趁着刚讲完，当场就背过了。二、背单词每天分给英语单词的整块时间是1个小时，背60个单词。这个是基本的量，睡前和空闲时间我会复习，比如吃完饭站着消化时、晚上泡脚时（养生girl就是我啦）、专业课学累了想休息一会儿但又没带手机，空闲时间真不少，看你怎么利用。三、做真题真题安利你用英语一《考研真相》，它解析特别详细，每个句子都有讲，中文意思和语法结构你都能看得很清楚，很适合基础弱的考研党。你之后对答案时也很省力，不用担心看不懂。英二可以用《考研圣经》，姊妹篇，也是每句都有解析，我室友说用起来不错。改错时刷题过程中非常重要的一步，你进步如何，不在于你做了多少套题，而是揪出了多少错题，弥补了多少知识点。说一下我是咋改错题的。1、先对答案，错误的就先打个错，但不要把正确答案写上。自己重新看一遍题，看在知道第一次做错的情况下，能否选出正确答案。这遍可以排除你因为粗心、不细致犯的错。2、像完形、阅读这样的题型，改错之前建议先翻译一下文章，因为很多时候做错题是因为我们根本看不懂文章。拿阅读举例吧，我每次都是一句一句地翻译，不会的先圈出来，之后和答案对照，把文章的意思理清楚。这遍可以挑出你因为看不懂文章而造成的错误。3、如果在理清文章意思后，依然搞不懂自己为什么错，那就翻答案吧，看看你是不是想岔了。研究答案里给出的解题思路，看以后遇到这种题该从哪个角度去思考。4、最后，记得把生词难句、知识点汇总到笔记本上，最好是当场就抽10~15分钟背过，不要抄在本子上就不管了，重要的还是把它印进你的脑子里。好啦，关于考研英语网课推荐我的经验说完了。总结一下，就是考验英语应该看网课，但是时长需要控制，并且还要佐以背单词、做真题，三管齐下，考研英语复习效果才能最大化。最后，祝你好运，相信你能成功上岸的，加油！

导读一年一度的考研又来了！考研话题刷屏热搜榜！12月21日，2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试正式拉开序幕。12月21日中午，中国人民大学，第一门考试结束，考生们走出考场。中国青年报·中国青年网实习生 宋欣然/摄刚刚，“考研英语”等和考研有关的多个话题冲上热搜，引发热议。上午场的政治，考生感觉如何？据中新网报道，早上11点，距第一门政治开考已经两个半小时，在考点之一的北京电影学院门口，已经有不少提前交卷的考生陆续出来。记者随机采访了几位考生，了解他们上午场考试感受。考生这样表示：“看整个题目的难度还是相对适中的。”“昨天会觉得写不完，然后今天其实发现时间还挺充裕的。”“（考题）结合热点，然后我觉得可能选择题上面我觉得比较出乎意料，很多我没想到它会考那个点。”“跟今年发生的一些重大事情相结合，所以相对而言觉得比意料中要简单一些。”12月21日中午，中国人民大学，第一门考试结束，考场门口聚集了许多前来接考的家长和同学。中国青年报·中国青年网实习生 宋欣然/摄屡破纪录 ！5年间，考研报名人数已接近翻番近年来，考研大军的规模不断增加，报名人数已是屡创新高。根据教育部发布的数据，本次考试报名人数高达341万人，这一数字较上一年度的290万人增加了51万人，再次创下历史新高。纵观近五年的考研报名数据，从2016年的177万，到2020年的341万，5年时间，考研报名人数已接近翻番。从地方来看，多省份2020年研招报名人数出现大幅增加。以高校众多的北京为例，据北京教育考试院公布的数据，2020年全国报考北京招生单位的考生共有46万余人，增幅达18.7%。报考人数逾万人的高校包括北京大学、中国人民大学、中国科学院大学、清华大学、中国传媒大学、北京师范大学等17家招生单位。从院校来看，据中国研究生招生信息网的消息，天津科技大学、中国农业大学、北京电影学院等等，诸多高校都在本次研招中创下报名人数新高。为何考研越来越热？主要原因是...一些专家学者分析，提升就业竞争力是“考研热”持续不退的主要原因。“大学生为了提升就业竞争力，尽可能地提升自己的学历，虽然学历的高低对职业能力增加并没有很明显的改善，但由于用人单位十分看重学历，学历在招聘当中的作用依然存在，导致考研人数的增加。”中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖分析。中公教育考研研究院院长杨攀分析，在当前的就业市场上学历的高低依然与薪酬成正比，不少考生都希望通过学历“镀金”来获得良好的薪资待遇。@中国青年报 微博发起的投票显示：近七成网友觉得考研是为了提升学历，进而好找工作；不想进入社会而考研的网友占18.8%；只有一成不到的网友认为考研是为了继续深造做研究……近年来，越来越多的大学生在本科毕业后选择继续深造。麦可思研究院发布的《2019年中国大学生就业报告》显示，2018届本科毕业生“受雇工作”的比例为73.6%，连续5届持续下降；“正在读研”（16.8%）及“准备考研”（3.3%）的比例较2014届分别增长3.2、1.4个百分点。在一些名校里，本科毕业生的深造比例甚至高达50%以上。中国青年报·中国青年网记者梳理31所入选“双一流”建设高校的2018届毕业生就业质量报告，在对这些学校的报告进行数据分析后发现，这些“双一流”高校本科毕业生大多选择深造，其中比例较高的高校有：清华大学本科生深造率为78.3%，北京航空航天大学本科生深造率为74.86%，复旦大学本科生深造生深造率为69.22%，电子科技大学本科生深造率为66.94%，中国农业大学本科毕业生深造率为57.78%。南京师范大学教育科学学院教授、博士生导师陈何芳在接受中国青年报·中国青年网记者采访时表示，在社会转型背景下，“就业难”一直被认为是“考研热、读研热”的主要原因。不过，在储朝晖看来，“考研热”背后，也存在着问题。虽然高学历能够为学生带来优势，但是这种相对优势要付出很大的时间成本和机会成本，考生应根据自身条件和职业规划，理性选择，不应有“随大流”的盲目心态。一些受访考生表示，如果今年考试不成功，未来还会再继续尝试，也有考生认为，考研不是唯一的出路。在很多网友看来，虽说很多人读研是为了就业，但是花时间再去完善充实自己也未尝不可：@走在知名路上的搞笑博主：读研在某种程度上可以减轻这种焦虑，读研三年的时间可以思考自己真正想要的东西跟锻炼自己的能力，也就没那么惊慌……@我还是懒得起名字：但是许多岗位要求研究生毕业，如果对本科限制少一点，也没这么多人读研；@Irene瓷：国内人才市场条件定位越来越高，如果就业不以学历为基准，而是能力；@一只努力向上爬的snail：考研两次失败，出来工作，干的不是自己想要的工作，现在完全没有目标感的在生活，虽然最终都是为了工作，但被迫接受这种工作，瞬间没有了目标，说什么目标是为了挣钱，太虚了。你为何考研？你觉得今天发挥的如何？（来源：中国青年报）

你觉得今天发挥的如何？12月21日，2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试正式拉开序幕。12月21日中午，中国人民大学，第一门考试结束，考生们走出考场。中国青年报·中国青年网实习生 宋欣然/摄刚刚，“考研英语”等和考研有关的多个话题冲上热搜，引发热议。上午场的政治，考生感觉如何？据中新网报道，早上11点，距第一门政治开考已经两个半小时，在考点之一的北京电影学院门口，已经有不少提前交卷的考生陆续出来。记者随机采访了几位考生，了解他们上午场考试感受。考生这样表示：“看整个题目的难度还是相对适中的。”“昨天会觉得写不完，然后今天其实发现时间还挺充裕的。”“（考题）结合热点，然后我觉得可能选择题上面我觉得比较出乎意料，很多我没想到它会考那个点。”“跟今年发生的一些重大事情相结合，所以相对而言觉得比意料中要简单一些。”12月21日中午，中国人民大学，第一门考试结束，考场门口聚集了许多前来接考的家长和同学。中国青年报·中国青年网实习生 宋欣然/摄屡破纪录 ！5年间，考研报名人数已接近翻番近年来，考研大军的规模不断增加，报名人数已是屡创新高。根据教育部发布的数据，本次考试报名人数高达341万人，这一数字较上一年度的290万人增加了51万人，再次创下历史新高。纵观近五年的考研报名数据，从2016年的177万，到2020年的341万，5年时间，考研报名人数已接近翻番。从地方来看，多省份2020年研招报名人数出现大幅增加。以高校众多的北京为例，据北京教育考试院公布的数据，2020年全国报考北京招生单位的考生共有46万余人，增幅达18.7%。报考人数逾万人的高校包括北京大学、中国人民大学、中国科学院大学、清华大学、中国传媒大学、北京师范大学等17家招生单位。从院校来看，据中国研究生招生信息网的消息，天津科技大学、中国农业大学、北京电影学院等等，诸多高校都在本次研招中创下报名人数新高。为何考研越来越热？主要原因是...一些专家学者分析，提升就业竞争力是“考研热”持续不退的主要原因。“大学生为了提升就业竞争力，尽可能地提升自己的学历，虽然学历的高低对职业能力增加并没有很明显的改善，但由于用人单位十分看重学历，学历在招聘当中的作用依然存在，导致考研人数的增加。”中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖分析。中公教育考研研究院院长杨攀分析，在当前的就业市场上学历的高低依然与薪酬成正比，不少考生都希望通过学历“镀金”来获得良好的薪资待遇。@中国青年报 微博发起的投票显示：近七成网友觉得考研是为了提升学历，进而好找工作；不想进入社会而考研的网友占18.8%；只有一成不到的网友认为考研是为了继续深造做研究……近年来，越来越多的大学生在本科毕业后选择继续深造。麦可思研究院发布的《2019年中国大学生就业报告》显示，2018届本科毕业生“受雇工作”的比例为73.6%，连续5届持续下降；“正在读研”（16.8%）及“准备考研”（3.3%）的比例较2014届分别增长3.2、1.4个百分点。在一些名校里，本科毕业生的深造比例甚至高达50%以上。中国青年报·中国青年网记者梳理31所入选“双一流”建设高校的2018届毕业生就业质量报告，在对这些学校的报告进行数据分析后发现，这些“双一流”高校本科毕业生大多选择深造，其中比例较高的高校有：清华大学本科生深造率为78.3%，北京航空航天大学本科生深造率为74.86%，复旦大学本科生深造生深造率为69.22%，电子科技大学本科生深造率为66.94%，中国农业大学本科毕业生深造率为57.78%。南京师范大学教育科学学院教授、博士生导师陈何芳在接受中国青年报·中国青年网记者采访时表示，在社会转型背景下，“就业难”一直被认为是“考研热、读研热”的主要原因。不过，在储朝晖看来，“考研热”背后，也存在着问题。虽然高学历能够为学生带来优势，但是这种相对优势要付出很大的时间成本和机会成本，考生应根据自身条件和职业规划，理性选择，不应有“随大流”的盲目心态。一些受访考生表示，如果今年考试不成功，未来还会再继续尝试，也有考生认为，考研不是唯一的出路。在很多网友看来，虽说很多人读研是为了就业，但是花时间再去完善充实自己也未尝不可：@走在知名路上的搞笑博主：读研在某种程度上可以减轻这种焦虑，读研三年的时间可以思考自己真正想要的东西跟锻炼自己的能力，也就没那么惊慌……@我还是懒得起名字：但是许多岗位要求研究生毕业，如果对本科限制少一点，也没这么多人读研；@Irene瓷：国内人才市场条件定位越来越高，如果就业不以学历为基准，而是能力；@一只努力向上爬的snail：考研两次失败，出来工作，干的不是自己想要的工作，现在完全没有目标感的在生活，虽然最终都是为了工作，但被迫接受这种工作，瞬间没有了目标，说什么目标是为了挣钱，太虚了。你为何考研？你觉得今天发挥的如何？来源：中国青年报综合自中新网客户端、中国青年报客户端、中国青年报微博等

问题：考研英语复习资料：黄皮书PK考研真相，究竟哪个好？四级500的话，感觉算一个挺不错的分数啦。我是19考研党，四级才480多，六级更低，才460多，还是考研前12月份那次才考的。考研英语全程跟的英语一考研英语复习资料《考研真相》，最后75分上岸。其实我本来是打算买黄皮书的，那时候看好多经验贴上都提到了，就感觉肯定可好，打算跟风。后来有个社团学姐，刚好是直系的，她当时已经上岸了，知道我要考研，就让我去她寝室挑挑有没有能用的书，顺便给我讲讲考研经验啥的。（给学姐隔空比心！）然后里面刚好有黄皮书，我就顺手翻了一下。完蛋，这题咋这么难，四级里也没有这么多长难句啊，太可怕了。但是解析它只分析了几个长难句，其他我觉得很难的它都没分析（来自学渣的尴尬）……我就问学姐这书咋样，学姐就很轻描淡写那种：挺好的啊。我说这好多句子都没讲啊，学姐说她都能看懂……总之呢，我发现，考研英语复习资料——黄皮书它更注重对文章整体的分析。就是在你自己能看懂文章的基础上，它会给你讲讲做题思路、帮你总结一下一般正确答案长啥样、错误选项有啥特征，培养你的做题思维。感觉更适合那种基础比较好、基本能看懂文章的。后来我就重新上网做了功课，买了据说很适合基础差考研党的考研英语复习资料——《考研真相》。一买回来我就翻了它的解析，确实跟网上一样，是逐词逐句讲解的，每个句子都有解析，长难句还有语法图解，这才是适合我这种英语渣的题啊（自抱自泣）~不过除了选对书之外，我能考到75，更主要的原因还是正确的做题方法吧。1、我从五月份开始做题，从98年开始做的。五六月份总共做了3套，想着先练练手，打打基础。六月末放暑假，暑假是把剩下的所有题都做完了。当时是每两天做一套，第一天完整做一遍题，第二天抽出阅读单独做精翻。2、精翻就是你要把文章里每句话都弄清楚，按照自己的理解，把意思写在纸上。先自己翻译，再对照答案，把翻译错的改正过来，学习答案里分析句子语法的方法。每篇文章都坚持这么练，练上20多篇就能开窍了。3、做完题要总结，看自己的错题都是哪种类型的，这次知道了，下次再做就会有意识地避免了。如果是审题不清，下次读题时就多花两秒钟；如果是定位不准，就看看答案里是怎么定位的，学会如何去找关键词；如果是句意不懂，那就多积累生词，不要求全会拼，起码见了得认识，也多看答案里对句子的分析，多研究，自己的语法才会提高。4、当你做完一份卷子、对了答案、觉得自己全会了之后，一定要重新看一遍刚做过的题，想想为啥答案是这个不是那个，错误选项错在哪儿了，只有确保每道题你都会而且能跟人讲清楚之后，这份卷子才算真正利用完全。我做完一份题后，卷子长这样：好了，我就啰嗦这么多了。最后祝你考研成功哦。

考研英语复习资料用什么？其实挺能理解你的感觉的，我是19考研的，去年光挑考研英语复习资料就花了半个多月。现在各种学长学姐名师推荐的资料实在太多了，我当时真的是每一本都很动心，每一本都想买。但想起以前高考买了很多资料，但根本没时间做，都考完了还有很多书放那儿积灰，相当于没打开过。考研英语复习资料买书时我就吸取了教训，不过考完之后统计了一下，还是有几本书没来得及用上。反正结合以上零零总总的经验吧，我总结了选书的两个原则，管你是啥学科、考啥，这俩原则都是可以通用的。讲完原则再给你放我的考研英语复习资料。原则1：不要贪多，同一类型的书不要买两本同一类型的书，里面的东西都差不多。比如两本考研英语单词书，里面收录的不都是大纲词汇？它敢给你加一个减一个？编书的人不会给自己找事的。最多只能在排版、花色上做做文章。再比如两本数学真题，那可都是考过的题啊，肯定是完全一样的。做题思路也是差不多的。除非你想做两遍题，而且做第二遍时，不希望有第一遍做的答案在旁边干扰。原则2：要选择适合自己水平的书有的书讲基础，有的书讲拔高，虽然内容不同，但你能说哪本书不好吗？只是针对的人不一样而已。基础好的考研党，如果拿到了补基础的书，一定会嫌它鸡肋；基础不好的考研党，看到了拔高的书，一定会吐槽不知道这本书在说什么，然后将它丢到一边。选择适合的书就像选择趁手的兵器，刀枪剑都能上战场，就看你哪把用着顺手。把我的书单放出来，你可以参考下，都是选的知名度高的，可以直接copy。一、政治1、视频：徐涛（配套：核心考案）2、日常练习：《命题人精讲精练》《命题人1000题》3、考前背诵：《风中劲草》4、考前押题：肖四、肖八、徐涛小黄书（考前必背20题）【复习要点】1、不要相信政治可以九月十月再开始的鬼话，暑假就可以开始听视频做练习了。知识点都理解后，九月十月背题也轻松些，有脉络。2、视频一定得看，书上基本上是纯概念，听视频还能给你举例子。而且政治很枯燥，你自己看书不一定看得下去。3、暑假练习时把《1000题》和《精讲精练》做完就行了，政治不用追求做题多。但是你错的那些小题知识点一定要背过。4、九月十月可以背《风中劲草》。5、我很喜欢徐涛的课，所以大题按他的小黄书背的，小题背的肖四肖八。但你也不要啥都不复习，就等着最后押题呢。自己还是要有点儿真本事的。二、英语1、单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》2、真题：《考研真相》（英一）【复习要点】1、单词和真题是必备的，最多再加个模拟题，没必要去买那种单项题型大全。除非你大二或者大三上学期就开始复习，还没到复习真题的时候，可以拿单独的题型练练手。或者你直接拿它替代模拟题，但千万别忘了，真题才是最重要的。2、单词书随便买，正要是正规出版社的都可以，但一定要买书，不要用手机背，你自制力真的没你想的那么强大。3、这本真题书还是相当推荐的，尤其是对基础弱的人。《考研真相》也是个老牌子，关键还是有针对性，我底子差，就很容易被它“逐词逐句讲解”的特点吸引。客观评论下，逐句是真的，每个句子都有一丝和语法讲解，长难句还有图解，确实是我目前能找到的答案最详细的资料了。当然，也有缺点，没有像黄皮书那样，把作者的解题思路剖析得很明确。但对我这种基础弱的，能啃下这本就已经很不错了。英语二就用《考研圣经》。4、对了，还有作文。作文不一定要买专项训练。一是把历年真题里的范文都过一遍，开头结尾该背的都背下来，会写个框架；二是等到10月份，很多机构会出作文押题，背一些素材，能让你往框架里填内容。这两点做好了，作文也不是啥大事。关于考研英语复习资料，我选书的经验和自用书单就这么多了，希望能帮到你吧。

都说考研英语是考研路上的“拦路虎”，每年考研分数公布后都不乏总分超高而英语挂线的考研“烈士”，实在令人惋惜。其实，通过认真的考研复习，让一个英语较差的考生考过国家线并不十分困难。过来人结合自身考研经历，总结了几点复习英语的小建议，希望对来年备考的同学有所帮助。1、本人大学英语很烂，口语和听力尤甚，英语四级都是考了几次才过，考研英语不考听力，这对我来说是一个巨大的利好，我相信对一部分考生来说，也是一个好消息。2、占考研英语分数最大头的是阅读理解，得阅读者得天下，考生一定要充分重视。关于阅读的复习，最好的工具就是历年的真题，这是无数考研过来人的实战经验总结。学阅读要注重三方面的学习：第一是词汇，要把历年真题阅读中不认识的词汇集中抄下来，重点突破，力求做到阅读无障碍；第二是逻辑，建议对照历年阅读真题的译文进行总结归纳，找到文章写作的逻辑，读懂文章逻辑就一定能把握住阅读的中心思想，这一点，作为研究生毕业，发表过论文的过来人回头看时有深刻的感触；第三是感觉，真题做的多了之后，在读文章时往往就能感觉到文章的某个地方可能会出题，某个地方应该是答案选项的转换说法等，并且看选项时也会有感觉，如有may的选项很可能是正确答案，超长句可能是正确答案等等。3、考研英语的另一个重要方面就是写作。小作文往往是出一个应用文。各种形式的应用文应当都有所准备，力争每个文体都有所尝试，都看过范文，掌握文体写作规则，最重要的是，一定要动笔写，一定要动笔写，一定要动笔写，要自己实际写出来每种文体的作文训练，而不是只看。大作文一般是看图说话，这个有很多写作的技巧和套路，考生大可自己设计和写作一到两个文章的框架模板，记熟背会，并默写过几遍，考试时将图文内容分析，套用在文章模板中，节省时间，但要注意单词拼写和卷面整洁。4、英语完形填空的难度也不小，要取得一个较高的分数需要复习积累，也需要做题时仔细斟酌，但英语考试的时间较紧，建议完形填空放到最后做，本人当年考试做完形填空只用了6分钟，通读文章后将能够确定的选项选出，剩下的全选的C。5、多做真题，训练自己的时间意识，模拟考场气氛。英语考试拼的是速度和准确率，因此，要结合自己的实际情况，提前计划，好好设计，按照做题习惯，分配好各题型的时间并严格遵守，哪些部分可以精做拿分，那些地方要快做求稳，要合理分配，学会取舍。以上就是我的一些考后心得体会，如果你跟我一样，英语基础一般甚至较差，需要通过训练，短期提分达到过线的目的，不妨参考一试。如果是六级高分乃至专八英语大神，以上建议不值一提，还请略过，不要浪费时间。

考研英语网课哪个靠谱？讲语法的。话说我没买过那种单个的班，我考研时报的是个全程班网课，就是词汇、语法、句子、真题都会讲的那种。也不贵，才几百，我觉得可能会比单个的词汇班或者语法班更划算。我考的英一，最后75上岸。其实在我想来，在考研中，语法也不是一个能完全单独抽出去的体系。首先，你得知道基本的语法知识；其次还得会用，会用语法分析长难句；最后，读懂了长难句，还要看看做题能不能做对。单个的语法班一般只会涉及到第一项和第二项的一部分，讲得并不全。所以我个人还是觉得报全程班，能把语法学得更透更深。关于考研英语网课哪个靠谱？我当时在选择时，也听过不少试听课，最后选了张国静老师的考研英语全程班网课，因为就它比较适合英语基础弱的。~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~分割线鸭~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~另外，过来人血泪经验告诉你，想补语法，只听网课肯定是不行的。网课就只是老师在那儿讲讲讲，你听的时候会觉得：哇，怎么这么简单，英语轻松上80嘛！但等你真的做题时，就不是那么回事儿了……不要问我为啥知道……总之，听网课→总结→做真题，这才是正确的补语法的路径。【网课】边听边做笔记。听完后，不要看笔记，自己回忆网课里讲的内容，写在纸上，之后和笔记对比，吸收效果更好，对一些比较难的点也能记得比较清楚。【做题】真题一般都是要做两三遍的，第一遍要特别精细，就是说，你不仅要做题，还要翻译完形和阅读，积累里面的词汇，积累长难句，用你学过的语法知识去分析长难句。长难句分析一开始做的时候会觉得很难，我是先删形容词（这步应该都能做到）， 句子变短之后，找主句和从句，先翻译主句，再补充从句内容，不认识的单词就圈出来然后跳过。最后再去对照答案解析，看你翻译得对不对。很多真题书上都有详细的解析，像我用的《考研真相》，对每个句子都有很详细的解析，它会把主句分句都剥离开来，定语、同位语、现在分词分别在句中做什么句子结构都写得很清楚，很适合分析长难句时用，你要是基础弱，可以入手。【时间安排】上面说的是方法，另外说一下时间，如果你英语基础比较弱，建议你最晚现在（4月份）就可以开始复习英语了，课多的话，可以先背单词，早早推进复习进度，中后期的压力就会小一些。尤其是要把握好暑假时间，能留校就留校，不能留校就去家附近的图书馆，实在要待在家，就下个番茄ToDo或者类似软件，它有学霸模式，可以一键锁机，在限定时间内你是无法打开手机的，避免了手机对学习的干扰，保证复习效率。好了，关于关于考研英语网课哪个靠谱？以上就是我考研时最有用的一些经验了，希望能帮到你吧，希望你的语法水平能早日提升哦，加油！