医学博士英语考试试题

博士妈妈：自制三年级英语练习题（10套），打印暑假练，开学第一！对于小学阶段的孩子而言，成绩的好坏取决于平时的学习状态。如果平时把基础工作做到位，那么考试时自然就能轻松应答。基础没有掌握好，往往会出现考试紧张“卡壳”的现象。英语作为一门语言的学科，无论是在学习中还是在生活中，都占据了非常重要的位置。但是对于孩子们来说，英语的学习却存在一定的难度，尤其是对于小学阶段的孩子来说，英语的学习更是难上加难。拿背单词来说，很多学生背单词都是毫无章法，背到哪里算哪里。没有系统的整理分析，也很少有学生去对背过的单词复习记忆。很多学生最大的毛病就是，重复记忆已经记住的单词，对于陌生的，没有记住的单词就很少去主动增加新的记忆量。所以一定要在小学阶段就养成一个良好的学习习惯，下面是为三年级的孩子分享的英语练习题，暑假提升专用！博士妈妈：自制三年级英语练习题（10套），打印暑假练，开学第一！文末有Word完整版资料！老师坚持每天整理各科学习资料，喜欢就多多关注吧！word打印版资料：1、点击头像进入主页并关注，2、点击“私信”发送【211】即可

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

Hello，大家好！我是大家的好朋友，大坚果张老师，今天我和大家聊一聊高考I卷的那些事。2020年全国高考于昨天落下帷幕（除了安徽歙县、上海个别地区9号还有考试），现在是大家一起对答案的时间了。如果你这边没有记下你的答案的话，小编建议可以重新做一遍，这样可以更有把握估分。亲爱的考生们，如果你已经对完答案的的话，下面你可以好好休息一下，去释放压抑了10多年的青春吧！如果您喜欢这篇文章，请点击关注大坚果张老师，转发，点赞，评论和留言，谢谢大家的支持，一直陪伴你们的大坚果张老师。

Hello，大家好！我是大家的好朋友，大坚果张老师，今天我和大家聊一聊全国高考I卷的那些事。2020年全国高考于昨天落下帷幕（除了上海、安徽歙县个别地区9号还有考试），现在是大家一起对答案的时间了。如果你这边没有记下你的答案的话，小编建议可以重新做一遍，这样可以更有把握估分。亲爱的考生，如果你答案对完的的话，可以好好休息一下，毕竟压抑了10多年的青春该好好释放一下了。如果您喜欢这篇文章，请点击关注大坚果张老师，转发，点赞，评论和留言，谢谢大家的支持，一直陪伴你们的大坚果张老师。

由于博士生入学考试英语科目是没有统一大纲的，因此并没有绝对通用的词汇手册。一般情况下，考博英语词汇量在7000—8000左右。部分院校，如社科院，对词汇量的要求会比较大，大约会达到10000以上。虽然不推荐盲目地扩大词汇量，但是足够的单词储备还是会对应试起到比较积极的作用。根据自身的复习时间和实际需要，可以选择考研词汇、六级词汇、托福词汇、专八词汇、或者GRE词汇进行备考。德国心理学家艾宾浩斯(H.Ebbinghaus)研究发现，遗忘在学习之后立即开始，而且遗忘的进程并不是均匀的。最初遗忘速度很快，以后逐渐缓慢。他认为“保持和遗忘是时间的函数”，并根据他的实验结果绘成描述遗忘进程的曲线，即著名的艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘曲线。有很多人在学习英语的过程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的，忽视了记忆中的更大的问题——即记忆的牢固度问题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。所以我们一直在向强调反复记忆单词，但是如何反复记忆却是一个复杂的工作。记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。如果与个人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆遗忘曲线。但是普遍的记忆规律是：在5 分钟后重复一遍，30 分钟后再重复一遍，12 小时后，1 天后，2 天后，4 天后，7 天后，15 天后重复记忆，就会记得很牢。

2019年6月大学英语四级长篇阅读真题答案（复原能力）亲爱的同学们，2019年6月大学英语四级考试刚刚结束，大家发挥的怎么样呢？文都四六级英语教师及时为大家答疑解惑。长篇阅读Section B部分主要讲的是一个人在大量的工作之后的复原能力，如何才能在长时间的工作之恢复精力和体力呢？我们累了的时候身体需要休息，那么大脑是不是也需要休息呢？现在文都四六级老师就为大家分析一下这篇文章。36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.答案：D解析：题目的意思是缺乏复原能力会导致健康状况不佳甚至出事故。D段的第二句直接体现了这个意思：Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems.因此本题答案为D。37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.答案：J解析：题目意思是，精神上的放松和身体上的放松都是非常有必要的。J段最后一句Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.说明大脑和身体一样都需要休息，brain对应题目中的mental，bodies对应题目中的physical，因此本题答案为J。38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.答案：L解析：题目的意思是，充足的休息不仅能帮助人们恢复精力，而且有助于提高工作效率。L段通过举例，如90分钟休息一次，不在办公桌前吃午饭，休完带薪假期等来说明充足的休息可以让人恢复精力并有助于提高工作效率和升职，最后一句话正好印证了题目raises your proctivity and likelihood of promotion，因此本题答案为L。39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.答案：A解析：hectic time指的是紧张而忙碌的时间，题目的意思是，作者在坐飞机之前总是忙忙碌碌的。由A段第一句we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane可知，“我们上飞机前能做多少工作”后面继续解释：We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane.由此可知，作者上飞机前要打包、安检、打最后一个工作电话、彼此打电话等。因此作者上飞机前要忙很多事情。故正确答案为A。40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.答案：E解析：题目意思是即使一个人不再工作，可能也不会恢复（精力、体力），而E段第一句And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering.真是此意，因此本题答案为E。41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.答案：K解析：题目意思是，可以用技术来防止人们过度工作。K段第三句通过Amy Blankson的例子来解释如何通过科技来控制过度工作：Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop ring the day by using technology to control overworking.因此本题答案为K。42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.答案：I解析：题目意思是，与普遍看法想法，休息并不等同于复原。I段最后一句That’s becauserest and recovery are not the same thing.说明休息和复原并不是一回事，因此本题答案为I。43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.答案：B解析：B段最后一句the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient直接表明答案：问题不是我们繁忙的日程安排或者飞机旅行本身，而是源于我们对复原能力的误解。故正确答案为B。44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.答案：G解析：题目意思是人们对于复原能力的错误认知是在成长的过程中形成的。G段段首The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age.中，misconception对应题目中的distorted view，bred from an early age对应题目中的have developed from their upbringing，因此本题答案为G。45.People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：C解析：C段倒数第二句We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be.说明我们坚持得越久，我们就会越坚强越成功，与题目相符，因此本题选C。如果要全套的四六级资料可以到我的双微：文都小班长 那去获取。

1月6日，有参加北京大学博士研究生英语水平考试的考生反映，考试中听力部分试卷上的第二篇文章和第三篇文章听力音频顺序错误。昨天(13日)，北大研究生招生办公室表示，这部分试题将按考生均提交正确答案处理。1月6日上午，北京大学举行2018年博士研究生英语水平考试。就在考试当天，有参加了这场英语水平考试的考生反映，英语听力部分该放第二篇文章题目时，放的却是第三篇文章。当时在场的很多考生都没有反应过来。听力放完之后，有学生向监考老师反映听力放错的问题，监考老师汇报后给出了统一回复，表示学校会妥善处理，请考生先安心考试。据了解，这部分放错的听力文章，一共涉及7个题目，共7分。对此，北京大学先是在7日回应表示，对于放错试题影响了考生该部分的正常考试，深表歉意。学校方面高度重视，将会按照有利于考生的原则妥善处理。昨天，北京大学研究生招生办公室发布了这次英语考试的成绩，并对本次考试出现的状况作出了进一步详尽说明。他们表示，对于本次考试音频文件编辑顺序出现错误的试题，基于有利于考生的原则，学校决定，对于该部分两段听力题，按照所有实考考生均提交正确答案的方式，进行处理。(来源：央广网)

英语是小升初考试中最不受关注的一门学科，然而小学阶段英语的基础务必要扎实，不仅能提升理解能力，也是给高年级的英语学习奠定基础。可在实际的学习中，英语并没有被重视起来，而且学习的效果也并不显著，在这里我给大家提几点学习英语的建议：一是，抓稳基础。词汇是学习英语的基础，想要快速记忆词汇，首先就要熟知英文字母以及准确的读音，同时要掌握到好的方法去进行理解和记忆，思维导图、音标记忆法都非常适合小学阶段的英语学习。二是，多做题。有些语法类的题目光是课堂上的讲解是完全不够的，还需要勤加练习，在做题的过程中得到巩固并且加深对语法点的理解。通过一些经典的题目来帮助孩子加深英语的学习印象。其实，小学阶段英语是比较简单的，下面就给大家分享一份2020年六年级上册各单元检测题，勤加练习，查漏补缺，找出自己不足的地方及时巩固。文末有word版资料获取方式！文中资料“完整版”如何获取呢？首先，关注我，点击头像进入“中小学生学习手册”的主页面。然后，看到右上角的“私信”键，点击发送“资料”即可！以上是文章的全部内容建议同学们打印下来好好复习。

You should write the words From 150 to 300.2019My view on the importance of reading2018Higher ecation meaning higher income.What is your opinion?2017What is your opinion on the ecation of pre-school children ？2016Living conditions，experience,and happiness2015What is your opinion on the remark”Heaven never helps the man who will not act.”2014Economic Development and Environmental Protection2013Interpret the saying”If you don’t know where you are going,any road will take you there.”2012My View on Social Injustice.2011My Views on Academic Dishonesty2010On Good Books2009The Benifit of Volunteering今天上午，花了2个小时汇总了几家大学博士入学历年（2009---2019）入学考试英语作文，顺便研究了其他题目。感觉：1、该校博士入学考试不高于（甚至低于）全国硕士研究生入学英语考试难度。2、在读本科或硕士同学，不要因为毕业论文的难度和逐年严格而轻言放弃博士之路。3、不建议挤破头的读头部大学，主张读排名稍靠后大学的博士，然后出国博士后，继续科研之路；4、硕士、博士等学术论文，是先打好了基础，订好了科研题目，然后开题研究。学术论文，不是围绕早订好的结论而论证，它在研究以前，是没有结论的，有了结论再论证，也不是学术性论文，它是围绕一个主题，旁征博引，充分研究，深入实质，在论题涉及的范围内，谈古论今，说东道西，理论和实践结合，一个提炼和创新、科研和进步的过程。活着，不能没有目标，更不能没有学习，不断的学习进步和目标实现，你发现，这个世界已经不能没有你。2020年5月10日清正分享