2015英语考研题型

Think about driving a route that’s very familiar.想想在一条非常熟悉的路上开车。It could be your commutes to work, a trip into town or the way home.这可能是你去工作的路，去城里的路，或回家的路。Whichever it is, you know every twist step turn like the back of your hand.无论是什么，你都非常熟悉每一个迂回曲折。On these steps of trips it’s easy to lose concentration so that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.在这些路上，你很容易失去注意力，感觉旅途所花的时间比实际花的时间要少。This is the well-travelled road effect.这就是熟悉路途的效应。People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.在熟悉的路途上，人们往往低估了出行所需的时间。The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention.这种效应是由我们分配注意力的方式造成的。When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly.当我们沿着一条熟悉的路线行进，我们不需要集中精力，时间似乎过得更快。And afterward, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it.后来，当我们回想起来，记忆模糊，因为我们并没有集中注意力。So we assume it was shorter.所以我们认为它更短。

2015年考研英语一完形填空，如果单就选项而言，考察的知识点包括：名词性从句（表语从句），动词辨析，介词/短语介词辨析，名词辨析，形容词辨析，副词辨析，形容词比较级等，考察难度不作判定，因为不同人，基础不一样，做题的感受也会有差异。但是，就15年考研英语一完形填空来说，细细推敲，还是能够找到一些答题技巧的。首先，先分享一下我做完形填空的一些方法和技巧：首先，通读原文，了解整篇文章的大体脉络，知道整篇文章在说啥。其次，再读一遍文章的第一段。开始答题，答题过程中坚持联系前后文，注意文章逻辑。接下来，我们就完形填空中从句类的题目答题技巧系统讲解一下。做从句类的题，答题的顺序是：确定从句类型，锁定从句引导词，通过分析句子成分选择引导词。一、确定从句的类别，是属于名词性从句，还是形容词性从句，还是副词性从句。其中名词性从句又分为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句等；形容词性句又叫定语从句，副词性从句又叫状语从句。名词性从句的引导词有很多，但归纳起来可以分为三大类：从属连词，连接代词和连接副词。从属连词属于连词，只起到连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分； that：只起连接作用，无实义，whether/if既起连接作用，本身还有“是否”的意思。连接代词属于代词，既起连接作用，本身又作从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，即代词能在句子当中充当什么成分，连接代词就可以在名词性从句中充当什么样的成分； who, whom, which, what, whose, 其中指人用who/whom,指物用what, which，whose放名词前作定语。连接副词属于副词，既起连接作用，本身又作从句的状语，即副词能在句子当中充当什么样的成分，连接副词就在名词性从句中充当什么样的成分。 when, where, how, why, 其中when(表时间),where（表地点), how(表方式), why(表 原因)。2. 形容词性从句（定语从句）的引导词可分为两大类：关系代词和关系副词。关系代词属于代词，也即代词能在句子中充当什么样的成分，关系代词便可在定语从句中充当什么样的成分； who, whom, whose, which, that, as注意：what不引导定语从句。关系副词属于副词，副词能在句子当中充当什么样的成分，关系副词便可在定语从句当中充当什么样的成分。when：先行词为表示时间的名词；where：先行词为表示地点的名词；why:先行词一般为reason。注意：how 不引导定语从句。3. 副词性从句(状语从句）的引导词叫从属连词，从属连词属于连词，连词是一种虚 词，在句子当中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。2015年考研英语真题一完形填空第一题考察的就是从句引导词的选择。我们通过分析，属于考察表语从句引导词的选择，属于名词性从句引导词的考察。我们在确定了从句的类型之后，接下来就是确定引导词。二、锁定从句引导词通过以上分析，我们可以知道名词性从句的引导词有哪些，这里不再赘述。三、通过句子成分分析选择引导词。首先，提取句子主干。That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.That 为主语，is是系动词，is后面的整个部分做的是表语，也即主语补足语。整个句子的主干提取出来就是“That is……”，是一个主系表结构，后边整个表语从句充当句子的表语。第二，我们来分析下表语从句的句子成分。_(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.主语为“a study”，“published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences”是过去分词作后置定语，来修饰a study，“has__(2)_”为表语从句中的谓语动词，因此整个表语从句的主干提取出来就是： _(1)_a study has__(2)_。从上述分析中，结合第二个题的选项concluded, 我们可以得出，表语从句当中缺少宾语，四个选项中只有what可以充当宾语，因此，答案选择what。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

12月22日，2019年研究生考试开考，全国290万考生报名，创下10年来最高记录。第一天英语考试就难哭，“考研英语一难”，“debate是什么意思”连着两个考研英语相关话题上了微博热搜。 看到热搜话题，网友们纷纷表示：“看到大家都不会，我就放心了。”有监考老师看到卷子后都果断放弃了：不少人表示，根本没看懂，今年的题似乎不能按套路来……“感觉今年英语难出新高度，新题型半天选不出来，翻译题做得狗屁不通……和往年真题比也太难了。”到底是什么题目难倒了广大考生呢？根据考生回忆，英语一的小作文题目是，我为一个援助乡村小学（aiding rural primary school）工作，一个国际志愿者要求我写新告诉他项目的细节。许多网友表示，“只认识school”，“rural”什么意思?英语一的大作文是一幅图，两个爬山的人，一个想要放弃，另一个劝他坚持。根据图片写文章，要求简单描述图片内容，阐述图片表达的含义，并给出你的评价。考研二的小作文是一个教授让学生设计一个关于城市交通的辩论(debate)主题。很多考生不认识debate这个单词，拿到题目一脸懵。大作文是根据图表写文章，主题是大学生毕业去向。图表是中文的，描绘了2013年-2018年毕业生的几个选择，很多考生看到“创业”就懵了，不知道用英语怎么表达。那么，今年的考研英语真的有那么难吗？看看专家的解读。2019考研英语一真题小作文参考范文【参考范文】Dear friend,I am greatly pleased to receive your letter and I am writing to you to express my sincere hope that I can offer you some details about the project of Aiding Rural Primary School. The details are as follows.In the first place, the aim of this project is to help rural children in a poor financial condition to improve their English, which needs you make an English teaching plan in advance. In the second place, this project will be held at June, lasting about 15days, therefore it is essential for you to prepare some clothes and daily necessities.In the last place, importance should be attached to the role played by the language e to the fact that there is a few people understanding English, which needs you are capable of speaking basic Chinese.I wish my introction could satisfy your requirement, and look forward to discussing more details with you.Yours Sincerely,Li Ming【参考译文】亲爱的朋友：我很开心收到你的来信，我写这封信主要是为你详细介绍一下关于“援助乡村小学”项目的信息，细节如下：首先，这个项目是为了帮助乡村家庭条件不好的孩子提高他们的英文水平，需要你提前做一份英语教学计划，其次这个项目将在6月进行并将持续15天，因此你需要准备一些衣物和日用品。最后，由于当地的人基本不懂英语，所以你最好学习一些汉语的基本表达。我希望我的介绍回答了你想知道的问题，期待和你讨论更多的细节。你最真挚的，李明【解题思路】今年的小作文考得主要是关于一个项目的介绍，并给这位志愿者回信，那么这篇小作文可以写介绍信，在之前的考试中也有类似的话题，所以构思上还是很容易的。第一段主要表达一下自己收到来信的心情并表达一下自己这封回信的目的，第二段可以展开对项目进行介绍，比如项目的目标、背景、时间或者地点等，也可以拓展一些自己会写的内容，第三段就是常规的客套，希望这封回信能帮到对方或者在未来能与对方进行进一步的讨论。只要你有作文框架和思路，这篇作文还是很容易拿高分的。2019考研英语(二)真题大作文：毕业生去向【题目要求】48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)【参考范文】This bar chart depicts the changes of college students’ different choices after graation from 2013 to 2018. According to the data given above, the percentage of hunting for a job has decreased from 68.1% to 60.7% while the percentage of pursuing a further study in postgraate schools increased from 26.3% to 34.0%. By contrast, the change of the percentage of starting a business is not obvious.There are several possible factors which account for this phenomenon and the followings are the typical ones. On the one hand, e to the increasing emphasis on ecation, pursuing a further study has become much more popular for college students. On the other, it is the stress from fierce employment competition that makes college students realize the significance of enhancing their academic level and practical skills, which explains the reason why the percentage of hunting for a job has decreased obviously.From what has been mentioned above, we can easily come to the conclusion that this established trend is acceptable. And it is wise for postgraate students to broaden their horizons and to improve their practical skills ring postgraate study. Only in this way, can they be qualified for the future position.【参考范文】该柱状图描述了2013年至2018年间毕业大学生选择的变化。根据以上数据，找工作的比例从68.1%下降到了60.7%；选择继续深造的比例从26.3%上升到了34.0%。相比之下，创业的比例变化并不明显。导致上述现象的原因可能有多个，但接下来我要说的是最为典型的两个。一方面，由于对教育的重视程度越来越高，继续深造已经成为越来越多的大学生的选择。另一方面，激烈的就业竞争压力使大学生意识到了提高学术水平和实践技能的重要性，这也就说明了为什么找工作的比例会明显下降。综上所述，可以得出如下结论：上述所反映的既定趋势是可以接受的。但是，在读研期间拓宽视野并提高实践能力才是明智的。只有这样，他们才能胜任未来的工作。考研英语（二）题目如下：Directions: Suppose professor Smith asks you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic, write an email to him. 1）Suggest a topic and with your reasons; 2）And your arrangements.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Don’t use your own name, use “Zhang Wei” instead. Don’t write your address. (10 points)首先，从形式来讲，2019考研英语（二）小作文的出题形式基本和历年真题保持一致，给出一个简要的指导，且依旧延续了历年小作文两点提纲的风格。但是，不变中蕴含的却是变化，参加过考试的考生肯定在考场上就发现，2019考研英语（二）小作文的署名发生了变化，由“李明”换回了“张伟”。这又缘何说起呢？简要回顾2010年到2018年考研英语（二）小作文的署名，我们发现，从2010年到2012年，署名均以“张伟”的形式出现；之后从2012年到2018年，除却2015年的通知，均要求以“李明”署名结束。然而，2019再次换回“张伟”，这就提醒广大考生，考场上一定要仔细审题，不能放过题目中的任何信息，否则都会造成失分。其次，从难易程度上来看，2019考研英语（二）基本也和历年真题持平。题目是围绕一个有关城市交通的辩论展开的话题，具体来说就是一位史密斯教授让“你”制定一个有关城市交通主题辩论的计划，并写出你对整场辩论的安排。“城市交通”是贴近考生生活的话题，所以，针对这一话题，广大考生不用担心缺乏行文思路，导致难以落笔。其次，有关辩论的安排，仔细分析，跟2013年以及2015年考研英语（二）小作文有相似之处。2013年是关于慈善义卖活动的电子邮件，2015年是招募志愿者的夏令营的通知，涉及活动必然要求写明活动起止时间、持续时间以及活动地点，所以，认真备考过的考生在写第二点提纲时可以借鉴2013年和2015年背过的句式及表达进行写作。不过，从另一方面来看，2019考研英语（二）小作文可能困扰考生的地方在于“debate”一词，该词对基础扎实的考生构不成威胁，但对于基础薄弱的学生可能是致命一击，所以，单词是考研英语备考的基石，文都教育的1575词汇书还得是广大考生备考的必选书目。此外，另一个需要注意的点便是“arrangement”一词，该词是可数名词，通常使用复数，若考生在行文中提出多点安排，必须使用该词的复数形式“arrangements”。（浙江24小时记者 郑琳）大家都爱看动动手指，赢精美礼品！2018浙江十大天气气候事件，你说了算下周“真·冷空气”来了　浙江人的冬至有你的独家记忆吗？“我开得想哭”4天7万元油费，舟山船老大拖着外籍无人游艇回港来源：浙江24小时、新浪微博等责编：侯玮编辑：杨柳看完英语作文的网友，为自己点个赞吧 今天考场上的考生，要继续加油鸭↓↓↓

英语真题要从最早的年份做起。我是19考研，当时英语一的真题是从97-18，我就把从97年开始的真题挨个做了一遍。不过新版的真题年份会有变化，我特意找来，下面就结合21版的真题书说说英语真题从哪做，怎么做。我用的真题书是《考研真相》，这本是我考研的时候一直用的，相比较其他书只是分析讲解长难句，这本每个句子都有讲解，我考的时候是文字讲解那种，新版的是句句图解，会更好用。新版真题书分成三部分：基础加强版（2001-2007）：共7套高分突破版（2008-2014）：共7套考前冲刺版（2015-2020）：共6套顺着年份做就可以。复习时间和任务安排3月-6月：做基础加强版，只做4篇常规阅读这段时间还在上课，有些小伙伴可能还要实习，估计也没有太多时间复习考研，所以任务不太重，尽量保证一周做1-2篇，做完之后仔细分析文章。如果时间多，做的快，那就再刷第二遍。7月-8月：做高分突破版，还是只做4篇阅读暑假开始复习时间就比较多啦，可以保证一天一篇，做完且分析。可以把高分突破版做2遍，做不完可以留到开学继续做。9月-10月：依旧做高分突破版，其他题型除作文外也加入复习再把这7套真题阅读刷一遍，完型，新题型，翻译可以每天做一套，也可以按照题型专项训练。11月-12月：做考前冲刺版，准备作文先整理作文模板，心里有大致的写作思路，然后把之前真题的作文部分挨着练一遍。考研冲刺版要严格按照考试时间做，每道题都在规定时间内完成。合理安排做题时间，在保证效率的同时提高正确率。做完对照答案估计自己客观题的分数，基本跟最后考试的分数相差不大。一周做一套就可以，做完认真分析每道题，查缺补漏。说明：1基础版的真题因为时间太远，不管是命题思路还是解题方法跟现在的差别都比较大，所以复习重点要放在学语法，背单词，补基础上。2高分突破版的真题比较有价值，不光要分析文章也要研究题目。3考研冲刺版一定留到最后做模考，如果觉得6套太多，留3套也可以。每年都有很多人一口气把真题刷干净了，最后几天没题可做，也不知道自己复习到什么程度，一脸懵逼的上考场，一脸懵逼的考砸。真题书怎么用？我直接根据自己之前的复习方法和新版的真题书说下使用方法。新版的《考研真相》有3个部分组成：仿真排版的试题，试题解析册，逐句精讲册（改版后新加的）。所以做真题可以从以下3步着手：第一步：做真题1直接用仿真排版的真题，一篇阅读建议18分钟内做完。考试能分到每篇阅读的时间就是这么多，一开始就卡着时间做，这样后面就不用担心做不完。2做的时候尽量用铅笔，或者拿一张白纸，标清题号，把答案写在上面。3做题的时候先题后文，先用1-2分钟浏览题目，注意题目中的定位信息，然后回原文找定位段，一般出题顺序跟行文顺序是一致的。然后开始做题，严格在定位段内找答案，看一道题目读对应的原文，这样可以降低其他段落对题目的干扰。做完题花1-2分钟检查浏览，看有没有答案需要调整。4做题的时候不认识的单词可以标注出来。第二步：分析文章1拿出逐句精讲册，按照上面的图解分析梳理每个句子。我看了下，这个图解很有条理，比如一个句子的主干是什么，一级修饰是什么，二级修饰是什么，这样一拆分再看中文翻译就很清楚，看多了你会发现有些修饰成分对句子大意没啥影响，就是为了增加长度，下次自己分析就可以直接删掉。有时间的话可以自己先拆分图解，翻译，然后对照解析，没时间就直接看书上的。2然后把文章里不会的单词都查出来，这个逐句册里也有标注，而且还区分了重要程度。把标注的掌握了，剩下的即便不认识对理解文章影响也不大，尽量减少记忆量嘛。如果有的单词你确实不认识，少了它句子大意也理解不明白，那还是建议查一下。3在理解文章基础上尝试总结一下每段的主要内容，重点关注这几个问题：①这段讲什么②跟上下段有什么关系③传达出的感情色彩是正面的还是负面的④这个情感倾向是作者本人的还是作者的举例。第三步：分析题目1终于要用试题解析册啦，新版的解析是表格形式的，我超爱这种条理清楚的解题方法。主要是用两种路径找到答案，如果正向从题目找不出来，那就反着从选项入手，一一排除。根据我的经验，排除干扰项的方法比较快，准确率也高，可以直接用这个。2顺着书上的解析分析每个选项为什么对，为什么错。正确选项在原文哪里，是直接的原文重现，还是稍加改写，还是改动比较大，大部分是稍加改写。错误选项是怎么设置的，是无中生有，还是原文各种信息的拼凑，或者是加了反义词，这几个是比较常见的干扰项设置方法。多总结，就会发现，套路就那么几种。不管什么时候做真题都按照这样的流程，时间可能比较久，开始做也不容易，可能光分析文章就要花一下午，这就是为啥真题要刷3遍。最后说一下考试的时间安排和做题顺序，可参考1.大小作文：50分钟，其中大作文30分钟，小作文20分钟，不要养成打草稿的习惯，因为没有时间，字不好看的现在就开始练。2.阅读：1小时，每篇15分钟。3.新题型：10分钟4.翻译：30分钟5.完型：15分钟剩下的15分钟检查答题卡，不确定的答案再斟酌。关于考研英语真题怎么做，什么时候做都分享在这里啦，祝大家考研成功！

我是19年考研，英语二76分。说实话成绩出来挺激动的，之前四级考了三次才勉强过线，还不是裸考那种（英语渣哭……）为了考研下了不少功夫，好在结果证明我的努力有用，方法没错，忍不住来分享一下。我会尽量还原我复习英语的全过程，方便大家参考。开始啦，比心～一、单词不管是四六级、考研还是托福雅思，首先肯定背单词，单词是基础。背考研单词有两个大方向:①挑重点。考纲5000多个单词重要程度不一样，有些年年都会考，有些就干脆不考，如果你用一套标准复习所有单词，显然有点……傻……所以从一开始背就要清楚的知道哪些是重点。②重复背。别指望背一遍就搞定单词，要反复背，循环背，一直背到考试前，这样才能有效果。重点单词更是如此。所谓高效背单词，就是把这两点结合起来，在重要的地方多花时间。需要资料:①单词书。里面划分重要程度的单词书就行，我用的《考研词汇闪过》是按考频分类的，哪些高频词哪些低频词一清二楚，背起来相当省时间。②单词本。我自己从真题里整理出来的，后面会说整理方法。全程时间安排:4月前:单词书挨着过1-2遍4月-6月:单词书背高频词和中频词部分，过2-3遍；积累真题里的单词。7月-8月:单词书高频词部分，过3遍；积累真题里的单词。9月-10月:背真题里积累的单词，根据自己积累出词汇量得多少确定背几遍，我大概背了两遍。11月-12月:背反复记不住的单词；作文的主题词和能写进作文里的单词。每日时间安排:早上1h。尽量安排在9点以前，不会影响上课，背一个单元。中午、下午、晚上各15min。复习早上背过的一单元。复习方法:1.《考研词汇闪过》怎么用?①按照频次背。上面已经写了，前期都背，后面随着时间减少就只背重要的。②高频词可以背慢一点，意思用法搭配都要掌握。低频词认识就好，可以适当加快速度。③背的时候不要抄写，太慢。遮住汉语复述意思，说不出来的做个记号，反过来遮住英语复述，说不出来同样做记号（复述英语只要心里大概知道长啥样就行，因为大部分考研单词不需要会写，只需要会认）。每一次复习都是同样的办法，记号最多的单词就是老记不住的啦，可以摘出来写进单词本里不停的背。2.如何在真题里背单词考研英语一大难点就是很多单词放在真题里意思会根据语境变化，所以刚开始复习摸不着规律会觉得脑子白长了。不要慌，把这些变来变去的单词积累出来就好。我专门找了一个小笔记本整理单词，就这样:整理真题单词需要注意的:①主要整理这几种:熟词僻义的，自己总是混淆的，常考的知识背景类单词。②写的时候可以标上年份，一年一页，方便查找和后期补充，也能发现一些重复考察单词的规律。二、阅读单词背两遍就开始做阅读啦。阅读占整张试卷的40%，很重要。而且阅读精做之后可以顺带搞定其他题型，值得花时间研究。全程时间安排:4月-6月:英语一（2005-2018），正儿八经的英语二是从2010年开始的，比较少，所以我先做了英一。（后来才知道MBA试题是英语二的前身，觉得英语一太难的小伙伴可以先做MBA真题）6月-10月:英语二（2010-2015），细细研究英二的真题，阅读我做了差不多三遍，其他题型也要做一遍。11月-12月:英语二（2016-2018）。整套做，从完型到作文掐着时间模考，检验自己的复习成果。每日时间安排我一般下午2:00-5:00都会做阅读，正式考试也是这个时间，提前形成习惯。开始每天一篇，后来每天两篇。先掐着时间做一遍，然后细细分析，再总结整理。复习方法1.阅读要做几遍，达到什么效果?阅读训练要做到除了极少部分超纲词，专有名词，剩下单词都认识；每个句子都理解意思，其中涉及的语法知识要掌握；文章的行文逻辑要清楚；题目答案怎么找，在哪找要知道；选项正确的对在哪，错误的错在哪。只要能达到这个标准，做几遍都行。不过一遍达到这个标准意味着每天要花很多时间在英语上，像我这样英语一般的就更费时间了，影响专业课复习，所以分成3遍比较合理。2.3遍阅读怎么做第一遍:精翻文章中的每个句子，每个语法点都要理清楚。第二遍:继续精翻，检查语法知识有没有掌握，顺便梳理句与句段与段之间的逻辑关系。第三遍:从题目出发，分析选项，总结做题方法。刚开始做翻译会很崩溃，单词不认识，语法也忘得差不多了，这是我一开始翻译的，写的啥自己都不知道（捂脸）。好在我用的真题书《考研真相》《考研圣经》很详细，里面每个句子都有图解分析语法，其他书只有长难句有这配置，基础弱看懂还是挺吃力的，这个就好很多。担心考研英语太难过不了线的小伙伴可以用这两本，《考研真相》是英一，《考研圣经》是英二，不要找错了。●考研真相怎么用？考研真相分成仿真排版的真题+逐句册+解析册我就按这个顺序做真题：①先用仿真排版的真题做阅读，这样可以提前习惯考场的感觉。但是做的时候不要在卷子上写答案，方便后面二刷三刷真题，我会找一张白纸写上题号和答案。②做完之后就在刚刚写答案的白纸上翻译原文，手写翻译，尽力翻译，不会的空出来。然后对照逐句册的每句图解看自己的翻译对不对。③梳理完文章，再用解析册，看上面的解题思路，对题目答案，总结解题方法。具体精翻方法：①我先看了一套考研真相里分析句子的方法，先找主干，然后找从句，再找各种修饰语，梳理出句子各个部分之间的关系，先翻译逻辑，再填充具体内容。举个例子:A和B在C做了一件事，这是逻辑也是结构。在这个基础上再进一步确定ABC到底是啥意思。有时候逻辑结构出来，大意也出来了，具体ABC是啥已经不重要了。（图是在网上找到的21版，之前旧书送人了，相册里没有正文照片。感觉新书逐句注解册更棒了，全是图解，特别清楚，颜色也清爽多了，我用的时候还只是长难句有图解，其他句子都是用文字说明的。）②我的翻译也按照这个顺序:划分成分-找逻辑结构-翻译句子。然后对照考研真相里的逐句精解看自己的理解对不对，这样就能发现句子翻译不出来是单词不认识，还是压根语法结构都没搞清楚。③整理需要积累的语法点，单词。注意:单词重点积累那些影响理解句子逻辑关系的。坚持下去，慢慢翻译的就差不多了，这是我大概做了七八篇阅读之后的效果:有些句子依然理解不准确，但至少文章成型了（热泪盈眶）。题目总结方法①主要总结解题方法，考研真相里强力排除干扰项的解题方法就比较好用，很系统很清晰，每个题都会用这个分析。这个方法不挑题型，能有效解决看啥都对的窘境。能排除错的，也能验证自己的答案，可以提高正确率，我后面做题大部分是用这个办法。②每道题做完后可以把干扰项怎么设置的写一下，会发现常用方法就那几种，后面找起来就会更快。这是我自己整理的历年真题每个选项的干扰项特点:这样把阅读做3遍，翻译，完型，新题型，作文的水平都会随着提高，亲测有效。后期这些题型把真题里的做一遍就好，不需要花太多时间。三、作文终于写到作文了，撒花～作文可以开始晚，但是别放弃。好多人觉得自己不会写作文，你放心大家写的都不咋地。作文只要没有明显错误，句子通顺，有那么两三个长句子分数就不会差。每日时间安排早上1h:背主题词，模板句，语料每天随便啥时候1h:动手写作文，每天一篇。写完检查语法问题，整理语料和模板。这两件事持续到考试前一天复习方法●《写作宝中宝》怎么用？①先梳理模板和基础句型，结合书上的模板整理自己的模板思路。②书上的高分词汇，句型划分任务每天背，具体到每天背多少句。③书上的话题每天练一篇，尽量在12月之前写完。这本上面还有圈重点话题，12月开始就要把这些重点话题在写一遍，好的语料补充进去。1.高效准备①把历年真题的作文拿出来看一遍，总结范文的思路和规律，常考哪些话题，文章要咋写。比如英二的一般都是三段论:描述图表-提出问题，分析原因-解决办法，总结展望。②根据写作思路整理模板句型和常用词汇。比如描述图表的句子，引出原因的句子，描述数据上升下降持平的词语，描述不同类型图表的句子。作文书上都有，找自己顺眼的就行，我用的《写作宝中宝》里面都是英二的单词句型，直接整理很方便，英一的叫《写作160篇》。小作文同理:③用自己的模板练作文，一定一定要动手写。开始可以照着句型凑出一篇文章，多练多背后就试着合上书自己写。2.高分突破①多背主题词。考场上主题词准确能加分不少，平常就要多积累主题词。常考的主题词比如就业，文化，教育；热点主题词比如中国智造，诚信……这是我复习的时候整理的，每天都会背一遍:②模板句型尽量长。就比如描述图表，引出原因的句子，要越长越好，越复杂越好，这些句子长了，需要你在考场上发挥的不就少了，少发挥少出错。③准备几个结构精彩，内容可以替换的句子。到考场上根据题目随时换内容，就不会有套模板的嫌疑。小技巧①背主题词先背大类，再背细分。考场上遇到不会写的，直接套进对应大类的主题词肯定不会错。②作文的切入点很灵活，图表里具体的数据不好写就写整体的趋势，整体数据有升有降就找某一项数据切入，总之就是找好写的点展开写。我的复习经验就是这些，考研英语难是肯定的，但是找到方法肯坚持，就能收获还不错的成绩。好好加油，祝大家都能去向往的学校读研～

小编是Claire，本科就读于山东某双非大学国际经济与贸易专业，从大三下学期开始备考研究生考试，目前已获得对外经贸大学国际商务专业硕士拟录取，其中初试成绩、复试成绩和总成绩均为专业第一名。今天和大家分享的是英语一备考规划。先说一下自己英语的情况。因为一直对美剧电影非常感兴趣，所以从高中一直很喜欢学英语。四级626，六级602，几乎裸考。但是四六级分高也不意味着考研可以高枕无忧，分低也不意味着就没有翻身的机会了。毕竟出题思路和难度都存在差异，而我们学习是为了应试，所以科学规划加上恒心和毅力，英语75+应该是不难做到的。下面是自己的备考过程，大家可以酌情参考。第一阶段：2017年暑假之前目标：夯实基础。在这一阶段真题适当做1-2套熟悉试卷结构即可，不要急于做真题。按照单词、语法分类学习。这一阶段用来打好英语基础、提高英语能力，不要过分关注应试技巧。用书：①星火英语考研词汇②考研阅读理解1997-2007真题③张剑黄皮150篇学习内容：①星火英语共15个单元，第一遍两周记一个单元，每个周末给自己做检测，盖住汉语写出英语；②每周背诵2篇阅读理解文章。背的时候先通读，把不认识的单词先查好，标注意思和读音。我大概每天会拿出1-2个小时背诵文章，周末也要进行检测，将背诵的文章默写下来，生词自然就背下来了。个人觉得背诵是学习语言最有效的方式，在情境中记忆单词，背下来的单词在写作的时候是真的能用得上的。③找出阅读理解真题中的长难句进行翻译。一般辅导书上都会有全文翻译或者长难句解析，拿到长难句一定要先自己翻，具体标准参照英语一对于翻译题的要求，然后再进行校对，并且把里面的生词和语法弄明白。如果觉得语法有困难可以适当地看一下语法书，语法还是应该重视起来，尤其写作中，罗列了10个高级词的错误句也比不上一个正确的简单句。④张剑黄皮书每天做一篇。这个时候不要在乎正确率，不要把时间浪费在数错题上面。因为考研英语的文章基本上来自于外刊，涉及的题材也比较广泛，包括经济学、政治、医疗、法律等。做张剑的目的是增加阅读量，习惯英语写作的逻辑思维以及初步熟悉各种题材的文章。一开始无论多么难一定要硬着头皮读下去，先有量变才有质变，后期读文章才会比较顺畅。第二阶段：2017年暑假目标：开始刷真题，按照阅读、完型、新题型、翻译、写作进行分类学习。熟悉题型，寻找规律，形成自己的做题方法。用书：①1997-2015真题②其他模拟题（阅读）③《王江涛范文》学习内容：①阅读：从97年开始做，每周大约做2年的真题。经过之前的训练，到暑假开始的时候我大概读一篇文章不会超过十分钟，并且在理解文章上不会有问题。这个阶段要解决的就是为什么文章能读懂题还是做不对。所以在做题的时候要格外重视对于错题的研究。我这个时候就发现考研出题基本是对应段落，因此改掉了之前先通读文章再把题一气儿做完的习惯，改为先读题目，再带着问题去一段一段读文章，读到问题相关的段落时选定答案。那么除了做题顺序，我还发现自己经常因为主观臆断做错题。也就是说做题的时候要抛弃掉你原有的知识，一切以文章为准（这一点在后来考雅思做阅读True/Falset given题型的时候感触更深）。这样经过分析错题找到自己的症结所在，并且后面做题的时候有意识地进行训练，两个月下来之后阅读题就几乎不会做错了。②完形、新题型、翻译：这三个题型也是根据自己的进度安排刷题。刷的时候自己准备了一个笔记本，将题目里出现的生词、同义替换词、反义词、易混词、固定搭配进行分类整理。新题型，难度飘忽不定，比如今年我遇到的排序题就出自白宫网站原文，这道题与其说是考英语，不如说是在考逻辑。在英语学习过程中一定要注意体会英文写作的内在逻辑，这一点对所有题型都很重要。关于翻译就是要学会先拆再合。也就是先找出句子里哪些是主干，哪些是修饰成分，然后再按照汉语的习惯将句子表达出来。这时候就很考验前期的语法和单词功底了。③写作：写作前期要做的就是精析范文。比如小作文你要了解都有哪些类型，各种类型的格式，如何分段等等。大作文当时自己选取了几篇打印出来，把字号和行间距设置的比较大，这样一句一句地看，第一步先把生词和固定搭配画出来，第二步就是把每个句子的作用写出来，比如每段第一句是点明主旨，第二段一般会从几个角度进行论证，那么这几个角度分别是什么都写出来。这样几篇下来，考研大作文写作的结构和套路也就很清晰了。这一步做完之后就是一定要自己动笔写。我是每周一篇大作文加一篇小作文，一直持续到考研之前。还是用真题来写，先自己写再去读范文，找出自己写的和范文的差距，首先看是否存在语法的错误，尤其是漫画题时态是否用对了。然后看范文的论证方法是不是比自己的更有说服力，角度更新颖。分析之后有精力的话可以接着背诵范文。第三阶段：9月1日到考研前目标：做英语套卷，控制做题时间，形成自己的做题方式。用书：①1997-2017真题②其他模拟题学习内容：我一进入九月份之后分配给英语的时间就少很多了，因为这时候已经开始了专业课的背诵和政治的学习。所以这个阶段除了开始成套做题之外，就是延续暑假的计划，做一个进一步的查缺补漏和加强积累吧。英语学习是一件天长地久的事业，哪怕其他学科再忙也要抽出一些时间每天充分利用暑假的笔记进行阅读和背诵，保持大脑对于英语的敏感度。到考前两周的时候每天限时做套卷，做完自己批改。这个时候也不要在意能得多少分了，目的就是保持手感。无论自己学到什么程度，考试那天唯一要做的就是拿出120分的自信上考场！以上就是我的考研英语经验分享，希望能对你有所帮助！

关于考研英语备考，第一步就是选资料！一本好的真题资料可以帮你的复习开个好头，所以真题书对于考研党来说真的很重要。很多人在复习前，都会纠结自己要选哪一本？今天学姐就来帮你克服终极选择困难症——真题书就选《考研真相》！推荐指数：★★★★★适用人群：基础薄弱与基础好的小伙伴都可以使用，尤其推荐基础弱的同学用。内容包括：基础研读版+基础加强版（2001-2007）+高分突破版（2008-2014）+考前冲刺版（2015-2010）优点：1、针对句子看不懂，《考研真相》对每个句子都做了详细的图示解析，把复杂的句子分解为简单句，可以帮你分清句子主干，更容易看懂长难句；2、解析部分有箭头指示非常清楚，关键信息进行了加粗，重点信息一眼就能看到；3、每一个重难点词汇都做了讲解，有真题语境的话，更容易理解和掌握单词的具体用法。4、配有逐句翻译+全文翻译，想看哪个就看哪个，可以满足你的不同需要哦：①逐句解析不光一句一句图解语法、一句一句注释词汇，而且在英文原句后直接给出每个句子的翻译，帮助考生扫清阅读障碍、真正读懂文章。②全文翻译一方面有助于大家梳理行文思路、总结篇章结构，从整体上把握文章；一方面可以帮我们在研究解析时，快速定位到原文，然后找到与答案出处相关的上下文内容，更快找到正确答案。总结：不管是基础弱还是基础好的考研党都可以无压力使用《考研真相》，比如你英语四六级没过、六级500分以下、英语六级500+但做题过程中，不认识的句子超过3句的话都可以用这本，尤其是基础弱的考研小白，学姐墙裂安利你用《考研真相》备考哦！

关于考研英语备考，第一步就是选资料！一本好的真题资料可以帮你的复习开个好头，所以大家都知道，真题书对于考研党来说真的很重要。近些年来，考研圈里最火的真题书就是《考研真相》和《黄皮书》，很多同学在复习前，都会纠结自己到底要选哪一本？今天学姐就来带你看看这2本真题书的区别，希望能帮到有选择纠结症的小可爱。上面是学姐对这2本真题的一个大概总结，为了让大家看得更直观些，做了这个表格，怎么样？还不错吧~（夸我！）好了，不开玩笑了，下面我们就详细来看看这2本真题书的特点：第一本：《黄皮书》（英语一）推荐指数：★★★★适用人群：《黄皮书》适合基础较好的同学，如通过英语六级的小伙伴。内容包括：试卷版（2009-2016）+精编版（2017-2020）优点：1、试卷版通过认真研读8年真题，注重培养考生的词汇、语法和长难句等基本功，主要教你把握解题思路和破解命题人思维，击破考研英语阅读、翻译、写作等各个专项题型。2、精编版利用近4年真题进行实战模拟演练，利用解析深入揣摩和研究考研英语文章的行文脉络及命题思路。对历年真题不断精读研究，教你及时查漏补缺并总结知识点，主要用于最后冲刺阶段。缺点：1、《黄皮书》的真题只有全文翻译和针对个别长难句的语篇解析，答案解析比较晦涩，有很多专业的书面语，基础不好的小伙伴看黄皮书的解析会有点难理解；2、针对一道题一个做法解析，采用的是已知正确答案套选项，所以对于基础不太好的同学来说，很容易遇到的问题是有可能你会了这道题，做下一道题还是不知道该怎么去思考，这种解题方法不具备通用性。总结：黄皮书偏重整体分析，虽然它不会挨着给你分析每句话的语法结构，只会挑两三个长难句讲，但是它会给你讲解题思路，更注重解题方法，看多了可以锻炼你的敏感度。如果你的基础较好，具备一定的语法基础和有足够的词汇量积累的话，你可以试试这本哦！第二本：《考研真相》（英语一）推荐指数：★★★★★适用人群：基础薄弱与基础好的小伙伴都可以使用，尤其推荐基础弱的同学用。内容包括：基础研读版+基础加强版（2001-2007）+高分突破版（2008-2014）+考前冲刺版（2015-2020）优点：1、针对句子看不懂，《考研真相》对每个句子都做了详细的图示解析，把复杂的句子分解为简单句，可以帮考生分清句子主干，更容易看懂长难句；2、解析部分有箭头指示非常清楚，关键信息进行了加粗，重点信息一眼就能看到；3、每一个重难点词汇都做了讲解，有真题语境，方便小伙伴们更容易理解和掌握单词的具体用法。4、配有逐句翻译+全文翻译，可满足考生的不同需要：①逐句解析不光一句一句图解语法、一句一句注释词汇，而且在英文原句后直接给出每个句子的翻译，帮助考生扫清阅读障碍、真正读懂文章。②全文翻译一方面有助于考生梳理行文思路、总结篇章结构，从整体上把握文章；一方面可以帮助考生在研究解析时，快速定位到原文，然后找到与答案出处相关的上下文内容，更快找到正确答案。缺点：鉴于《考研真相》的答案解析很详细，每个年份的题都有近100页的解析，20套真题总共差不多有近2000页的解析，整套真题略微有点厚重。不管是基础弱还是基础好的考研党都可以无压力使用《考研真相》，比如你英语四六级没过、六级500分以下、英语六级500+但做题过程中，不认识的句子超过3句的话都可以用这本，尤其是基础弱的考研小白，学姐个人更推荐你使用《考研真相》备考哦！