2016英语考研

各位考研同学好，这里是小样儿说考研，一名已经毕业的机械工程研究生。我是2016年12月参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的，考的是英语二。下面是在学信网上查到的考试成绩截图。我当时的考研成绩在决定考研之前，我的英语顶多是四六级飘过的水平，这样的水平英语能够过线已经是万幸了。但是幸运的是我有一群共同作战的研友，大家相互交流学习经验，我从中获益颇多。最终在专业课考砸（92分）的情况下，英语竟然考出了82分的成绩，当时感到十分意外。接下来，我希望把我关于考研英语的经验和各位考研同学一起分享。逢考必会！首先我们需要明确的一点是考研英语不同于四六级考试，它并没有听力，实际上是在考察我们的阅读能力。既然是考察阅读能力，势必会遇到单词看不懂的情况。有时候就算单词看懂了，但是组合到一个句子里面又不知道是什么意思了，依旧是云里雾里。因此很多同学会纠结关于单词是否要背的问题。毫无疑问，要背。对于基础较差的同学，建议入手一本新东方王江涛的《十天搞定考研词汇》，然后按照书中给出的建议以及个人的实际情况制定学习计划。既然决意考研就不要睡懒觉了，我那个时候每天早上6点起床，洗漱吃过早饭后就在学校的广场上开始背单词，一直等到学校图书馆开门（7点50分）。王江涛《十天搞定考研词汇》背单词的时候要记得及时回顾，先不要着手背新的单词，而是把昨天甚至是前天背的内容进行回顾，之后再开始背新词。需要注意的一点是，这个背实际上指的是在心里默记，也就是说你看到这个单词马上反应出来它的中文意思。这里或许会有同学会问，一个单词有好几个意思，需要都记吗？我的观点是看它们出现的频次，如果是高频出现的就一定要记，如果是低频的可记可不记，总之背单词最重要的是重复循环记忆。第二个难题就是单词看懂了，但是组合到一个句子里面又不知道是啥意思。对于这个问题，我推荐文都的《长难句解密》。这书想必大家一定不会陌生，几乎是人手一册。那么怎样才能发挥出它最大的效果呢？首先视频是一定得要看的，看视频一方面没有看书那么枯燥，更容易掌握理解，另一方面讲解老师会补充一些书上没有的东西。这时候我们一定要记好笔记，以便及时的复习回顾。其次我们要把老师教给我们的方法运用到考研英语的阅读理解真题中。在当天学过之后，我会立马找出一篇考研英语阅读理解真题进行练手，看自己是否掌握书中教授的方法，若没有掌握就再返回去看书看视频，直到掌握为止。至于哪里找视频课，相信大家都懂得。文都教育《长难句解密》在搞定单词之后，就要开始上手阅读真题了。对于那些基础较好的同学，以上方法同样适用，只不过我更建议你们直接上手考研英语真题，不要去做什么模拟题。古人云书读百遍其义自见，只要是考试势必有规律可循，我们在做真题的时候也是要反复做的。在做的时候，我们顺带把文章中不认识的生词一并抄下来并进行记忆（这样就把背单词的任务搞定了），同时尽可能去揣摩命题人的出题意图。在这个研究试题的过程中，把自己的一些心得感悟都写在笔记本上，这些东西都是你逐渐积累的一些经验之谈，也是自己应试的秘密武器。张剑考研英语真题解析及复习思路对于考英语二的同学来说，可以选择蒋军虎的英二真题。蒋专门做英二的教参，在业界也是有口皆碑了。其实在试题难度上来说，英一的难度要略高于英二。但是我并不建议考研的同学考的是英语二，但通过做英一的真题来进行练手。这是因为英一和英二的文章侧重点，出题思路乃至解题技巧都有所不同。如果英一英二都做，很有可能会出现混淆的情况，以至于在考试过程中不能有的放矢，这点是需要我们注意的。蒋军虎英语二真题详解最后的一块是关于作文，作文这一块还是推荐王江涛或者朱伟的。其实很多人都是临时抱佛脚，如果在平时备考英语的过程中能匀一部分时间（不用太多，10-15分钟即可）给作文，相信在冲刺阶段压力（冲刺阶段政治是大头，各种背诵）也会小一些。我那时候在每天晚上快要离开图书馆的时候，都会看看王江涛的高分写作，碰上合适的好词好句就背背记记，结果到临考的时候也积累不少了，很多句子在写作文的时候直接就搬上去了。朱伟的小黄书一般是考前一两周才出来的，作为押题的一本教参也是人手一本，平时如果没有准备作文的同学就像被肖四一样死命磕这本吧。还要注意的一点是，在考试的时候，我建议大家先写作文，因为每年的阅读理解题难度都不一样，出考场总能听见有人前面耗时太长作文都没来得及写就被收卷了。因此考试的时候建议先大小作文，再阅读理解和新题型，接着英译汉，最后才是完形填空。自己临考前一定要进行模拟考，先不要管能答多少分，尽量把能拿得分都拿了，这样才不留遗憾。以上是我本人关于考研英语备考的一些经验，希望对大家有所帮助！

In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse配偶is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also amatchmaker媒人. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto否决权the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.在柬埔寨，对于年轻男性来说，选择配偶是一个难题。这不仅会涉及到他的父母和他的朋友，以及涉及到年轻女性的父母和朋友，还会涉及到媒人。一个年轻男子可以自行决定一个差不多的配偶。然后可以寻求他的父母来安排婚姻的协商问题。或者这个年轻男子的父母直接选择孩子的配偶，不给这个孩子选择的机会。理论上，女孩儿有对父母给他选择伴侣的拒绝的权力，当配偶选择之后，每个家庭都调查对方家庭，以便确保他们的孩子嫁到了一个好的家庭里面。1. A. by way of经由，经过B. with regard to关于 C. on behalf of D. as well as以及答案：D 。句中有not only but also，根据首句知道“男性择偶很复杂”，不仅涉及男方亲友、女方亲友，还涉及到媒人，显然空格填写并列关系短语；B选项“关于”多用于对某事物的说明，a conutry’s law with regard to human rights；A选项误认为“男方亲友经由女方亲友向女方提亲”。2. A. decide on B. provide for 供养 C. compete with与…竞争 D. adapt to适应答案：A 。后文有父母“take the choice of”，可知前面必然是孩子自身可以“decide on”，文中“or”这个词要注意，是解决本题关键3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone答案：B 。根据句意，男性自主选择对象之后就会让父母提亲，arrange合适。4. A. In theory B. Above all 最重要的是C. In time最终；及时 D. For example答案：A 。根据句中父母giving the child little to say in the selection暗含父母包办婚姻，可知女孩选择配偶的自由只能在理论上成立。above all是递进关系，而此句前后是并列关系。5. A. Unless B. Lest以免 C. After D. Although答案：C 。配偶选定，双方家庭调查背景，unless表条件，lest表目的，although表让步，after表顺承关系6. A. into B. within C. from D. through 答案：A 。marry into嫁入一个….家庭，固定搭配，through不能与marry搭配The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerlyit lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhistpriests offer a short sermon布道 and __8__ prayers祷告of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual仪式 hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.传统婚礼是又长又有趣味的大事，以前持续三天，自从20世纪80年代，婚礼一般持续一天半。佛教僧侣进行简短的布道，并且吟诵主祷词。仪式包括剪发仪式，把在水中浸泡过的棉线缠绕在新娘和新郎的手腕上，那些婚姻幸福又受人尊敬的夫妇绕城一圈将一个蜡烛依次传递以祝福新婚夫妇。新婚夫妇在传统上要搬到妻子的父母家居住最多长达一年，直到他们能在附近建造自己的新房子。7. A. or B. since C. but D. so答案：C 。由Formerlyit lasted three days, __7__1980s it lasted a day and a half. 可以知道前后对比关系，所以用but表对比；since自从，与by 语义重复 8. A. test B. copy C. recite 吟诵 D. create答案：C 。and表连接，前面是offer a short sermon，后面的祝祷词自然就是吟诵祝祷词。 9. A. folding 折叠 B. piling 堆放 C. wrapping 打包 D. tying答案：D 。D选项是系，绑的意思，原句是将棉线缠绕在新郎新娘手腕上，表示永结连理的意思，所以用tie——tying的形式。10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving答案：A 。这个很容易选择B，但是文中说一根蜡烛祝福新人，而且词组Pass sth around，light ….around搭配不合理11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union答案：D 。A选项是“联盟”，强调机构团体，B选项相遇、遇见、会面，C选项“聚集”，只有D是联姻、联合12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live答案：D 。live with搭配，与….生活在一起，grow with是伴随…一起成长，part with不情愿的放弃某物，deal with对付、对待，只有D选项合适13. A. whereas 然而，但是 B. until C. for D. if答案：B 。根据上下文，搬进妻子父母的家，住一年，后面盖一个房子，则两者之间存在时间条件关系，只有Until既表示时间又表示条件。A选项表示转折，C选项表因果，D选项表示条件Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.离婚是合法的而且很容易实现，但是并不常见，离婚的人不被认同，夫妻之间保持自己带进婚姻的任何财产，共同财产平均分配，离婚的人可以再婚，但是性别歧视会显现出来：离婚的男性不用有等待期，而离婚的女性必须等待十个月才能再婚。14. A. avoid B. follow效仿C. challenge D. obtain实现答案：D 。前面是合法，后面有but转折，所以14应该与合法并列，即容易得到、实现；follow有理解、领会的含义，但和disapproval矛盾，排除15. A. isolated 孤立，区别看待 B. persuaded C. viewed 看待 D. exposed暴露答案：C 。viewed with词组“以….的目光看待”，A选项和from搭配，isolate sb from sb/sth，exposed与to搭配，不与with搭配16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however答案：B 。句子是宾从，只有whatever能引导宾从，D选项引导方式状语，C选项引导时间状语，A选项引导地点状语17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed答案：B 。根据常识，离婚后财产分割包括婚前各人财产和婚后共同财产，只有bring …. into，即婚前夫妻各自带来的财产18. A. invested 投资B. divided C. donated捐献 D. withdrawn取出答案：B 。这句是说婚后共同财产处置，按照常识也是平分，更何况还有个equally，只有B分割更为符合题意19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks答案：C 。介绍离婚人士再婚，冒号后面的句子是对男女离婚后的不同对待，也就说明男女存在性别偏见，离婚后偏见会“显露”出来，show up也是词组显露，而clear up是清晰起来，warm up活跃起来，break up终结，都不符合题意20. A. while 然而 B. so that C. once D. in that因为答案：A 。表示前后对比，while表示转折，符合题意。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

本人纯学渣，英语是初中都不及格的那种。去年考研54分，总分331，我的心情是这样的：只用了一年半的业余的时间。先简单介绍一下考研：1、 考研和高考不同，不光看总分，还要看各科成绩，一科不过关明年重新考。你认识教育部部长也没用。2、 考研有两个分数线，一个是基础分数线，也就是国家线。另一个是高校自主分数线，但这样的学校只有34所。一般来说，自主划线的成绩要高于国家线。3、 考研有初始和复试，全国统考是初试，过了初试有复试。复试录取你的标准有很多，最主要的有两点：1、初试和复试的考试分数。2、看心情。据说有考第一名的也没有被录取。4、 考研科目：1、政治，这个必考，全国一张考卷；2、外语，主要以英语为主，根据你要报考的科目分为英语一和英语二；3、数学或专业课，这个根据你报考的科目具体决定。5、 考研。。。。。。算了！不写了！想知道具体内容的自己查去吧。官方网站地址：http://yz.chsi.com.cn/现在说一下具体的内容。今天先说英语考研英语，重点在于熟知真题。最忌讳做模拟题！第一节 英语考卷介绍研究生英语考卷满分为100分，本人考的英语一，现在就以英语一为例说一下考点的分数分配和个人看法。1、 完形填空，1篇文章，20个空，共10分。纯鸡肋，性价比很低，如不是报考顶尖大学建议适当放弃。2、 阅读理解A，4篇文章，20个空，共40分。它就是三国时期的荆州，它就是两教拼死争夺的耶路撒冷，它就是葵花宝典。如果阅读理解A的解题方法没有掌握，考场上你不如在脑门上刻四个大字：“重在参与”3、 阅读理解B，1篇文章，5个空，共10分。纯提分项，此题有许多技巧可以轻松拿到6分以上，不可轻视！4、 英译汉，1篇文章中挑选出5句话让你翻译成汉语。每句话2分，共10分。据历年统计，英译汉的成绩综合平均分不超过4分，难度可想而知，如基础不好可轻视此模块。5、 作文：分大作文（20分）和小作文（10分），共30分。纯送分题，考研的作文无非就二十种类型。把二十种类型的模板完整的背一遍，拿20分不成问题。第二节 摸底考试自己算时间，请在30分钟内完成此题，并把答案按顺序记在一张纸上。Of all thechanges that have taken place in English-language newspapers ring the pastquarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable declinein the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It isdifficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age offorty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in mostbig-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significantcollections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large partof newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact thattheir learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication ingeneral-circulation dailies.We areeven farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published inbetweenthe turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time whennewsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornamentto the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was takenfor granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and atlength about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and eventhose reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw andErnest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These menbelieved in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in thedaily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keeptheir own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read towriters who are.’”Unfortunately,these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cars, who wrote for theManchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is nowknown solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime,though, he was also one of’sforemost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that hisAutobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the firstmusic critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, andhis vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is thereany chance that Cars’s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seemsremote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodernreaders have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which hespecialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been inheadlong retreat.以下为题目，共5道题21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A] artscriticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B]English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C]high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] youngreaders doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews inbeforeWorld War II were characterized by[A] freethemes.[B] casualstyle.[C]elaborate layout.[D]radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newmanmost probably agree on?[A] It iswriters' ty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It iscontemptible for writers to be journalists.[C]Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Notall writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cars accordingto the last two paragraphs?[A] Hismusic criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] Hisreputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] Hisstyle caters largely to modern specialists.[D] Hiswritings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] TheLost Horizon in Newspapers[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism[D]Prominent Critics in Memory确认做完在往下翻，下面是答案参考答案：这是2010年与阅读理解A的第一篇文章，难度较高。如果五道题能全做对的，请关闭此篇文章吧，至少英语成绩你能超过北大分数线了。对3道题和4道题的也属于高手了，至少过国家线没有问题。对2道题或者以下的属正常水平，需要努力。不看题直接往下翻的，滚！学渣不配考研！第三节 如何从0起步学英语学渣们滚回来吧，我以前也是学渣。从0起步学英语还要考研过线有可能吗？有！但需要你大脑脱层皮。不努力，凭什么是你当研究所？另外告诉大家一下，考研的，没有从0起步的人。毕竟你大学毕业了。如果英语满分是10，你至少是从1起步。请记住，语言是所有学科最好学的。而英语是语言里最简单的。最难的是中文和阿拉伯文，咱们已经会一样了。短时间内提高英语成绩，不是不可能。我就做到了。下面是快速提升计划，分阶段进行。第一阶段：4月到5月下载一个学习英语的软件（别用默默，那个太慢！）看最简单的，初高中级别的英语单词，大约5000个。记住，只看单词，一天150个，连单词和例句一起看，认真完成每天的复习任务。第二阶段：6月到8月此阶段不管你初高中单词是否学会了，都要开始第二步。开始学习考研单词，不用管什么高中，大学四六级的单词。学会初中单词即可开始学习考研单词。目前全国销量最高的书是朱伟的《恋练有词》，其中2016版一共30个单元。目前他又出2018版的，多少个单元我都不知道了。这本书把历年来考研的单词和词组都总结了一边，并且还有例句讲解。只要你脑子没有问题，认真的听2遍，就基本能看懂真题的文章了。第三阶段：8月到11月这个阶段就是综合练习了，主要是做两件事儿：背模板和做真题。模板是指考研大小作文的模板，这个具体请参考销售额前三的考研阅读书。这里我只分享一个技巧：英文如果觉得背不下来，先背中文翻译，因为中文翻译背熟了，英文背起来就不困难了。如果你觉得中文也背不下来，那你去死吧，别考研了。另外告诉大家一个技巧，考研写作要的高分，必须得有个名师的祝福，比如我就找了王江涛老师：当然，除了怹的祝福外，我还背了20篇范文模板。做真题是指做10,12,14,15,16,17,18年的真题。完形填空建议放弃，直接从阅读理解A和阅读理解B入手，翻译可适当做做。要做到熟悉真题的每一个单词和长难句的分析以及选项技巧。每篇真题认认真真做3遍。第四阶段：12月考研是每年12月最后一个周末，12月就是冲刺阶段了。此阶段查漏补缺，建议报一个冲刺班。然后去考试。在你真的努力付出的状态下，这样复习的成绩至少可以拿到45分，如果你不是管理学和文学类专业，过线没有问题的。第四节 如何拿高分考研英语一，60以上算高分。本人此次考研并非高分，但也可以凭借经验胡说两句。首先，拿高分就要重视一下完型和翻译了。这20分是你是否能拿高分的关键，不可忽视。其次，作文不能停留在背大模板的层次上，要熟知100个以上的“小模板”，即句型用法。比如too·······to （太···而不能），would rather...than...”（宁愿···而不愿···），别看简单，整体用起来还是有些难以掌握的。最后，考研大纲规定的单词要熟知75%以上，其中重点的2300个单词要求倒背如流。最最后，建议大家报一个口碑好的补习班。有老师指引提升更快！就写这些吧，毕竟我没有拿到高分。第五节 时间分配建议请相信并十分确信以下两点：1、考试只有3个小时，时间很紧。不掌握时间根本做不完。2、进考场的时候，带一块表，时间特别准的那种。别看考场里的，看多了头晕。先说学渣的时间分配：先写作文，如果你模板背的足够多，50分钟两篇作文完全可以写出来。其次是完形填空，要求3分钟以内做完。不管你用什么方法，3分钟以内必须做完。第三个做的是阅读理解A的前两篇文章，因为连续做4篇文章你会晕。前两篇50分钟内要做完。折合成每一道题大约5分钟。如果5分钟做不完一道题立刻看下一道题，不要多浪费一点时间。也许你读到第三道题所涉及的段落后就能把第一道题做出来了。之后是阅读理解B，15分钟。如果你学的技巧足够的话，15分钟拿6分没有问题。然后在把阅读理解A的后两篇文章做完，和前两篇一样。最后是翻译，10分钟，直接看句子，不用联系上下文。10分钟能做多少是多少。现在还剩下2分钟。如果阅读理解A和B还有没有选出的答案，就蒙吧，一定不能有不填的选项，怎么蒙自己去悟，我只提供答案规律：1、 完形填空，阅读理解A的选项有四个，即A,B,C,D。基本上各占25%，万年不变！2、 阅读理解B，即使你全蒙一个答案，只要对了就有分。3、 至少在北京考试，没有“辛苦分”一说。比如翻译题你谢了一大堆无关紧要的话，0分。学霸分配方法：我不是学霸。。。。。。。不知道学霸怎么考试的。下图中的那个眼镜男是学霸

关于考研英语备考，第一步就是选资料！一本好的真题资料可以帮你的复习开个好头，所以大家都知道，真题书对于考研党来说真的很重要。近些年来，考研圈里最火的真题书就是《考研真相》和《黄皮书》，很多同学在复习前，都会纠结自己到底要选哪一本？今天学姐就来带你看看这2本真题书的区别，希望能帮到有选择纠结症的小可爱。上面是学姐对这2本真题的一个大概总结，为了让大家看得更直观些，做了这个表格，怎么样？还不错吧~（夸我！）好了，不开玩笑了，下面我们就详细来看看这2本真题书的特点：第一本：《黄皮书》（英语一）推荐指数：★★★★适用人群：《黄皮书》适合基础较好的同学，如通过英语六级的小伙伴。内容包括：试卷版（2009-2016）+精编版（2017-2020）优点：1、试卷版通过认真研读8年真题，注重培养考生的词汇、语法和长难句等基本功，主要教你把握解题思路和破解命题人思维，击破考研英语阅读、翻译、写作等各个专项题型。2、精编版利用近4年真题进行实战模拟演练，利用解析深入揣摩和研究考研英语文章的行文脉络及命题思路。对历年真题不断精读研究，教你及时查漏补缺并总结知识点，主要用于最后冲刺阶段。缺点：1、《黄皮书》的真题只有全文翻译和针对个别长难句的语篇解析，答案解析比较晦涩，有很多专业的书面语，基础不好的小伙伴看黄皮书的解析会有点难理解；2、针对一道题一个做法解析，采用的是已知正确答案套选项，所以对于基础不太好的同学来说，很容易遇到的问题是有可能你会了这道题，做下一道题还是不知道该怎么去思考，这种解题方法不具备通用性。总结：黄皮书偏重整体分析，虽然它不会挨着给你分析每句话的语法结构，只会挑两三个长难句讲，但是它会给你讲解题思路，更注重解题方法，看多了可以锻炼你的敏感度。如果你的基础较好，具备一定的语法基础和有足够的词汇量积累的话，你可以试试这本哦！第二本：《考研真相》（英语一）推荐指数：★★★★★适用人群：基础薄弱与基础好的小伙伴都可以使用，尤其推荐基础弱的同学用。内容包括：基础研读版+基础加强版（2001-2007）+高分突破版（2008-2014）+考前冲刺版（2015-2020）优点：1、针对句子看不懂，《考研真相》对每个句子都做了详细的图示解析，把复杂的句子分解为简单句，可以帮考生分清句子主干，更容易看懂长难句；2、解析部分有箭头指示非常清楚，关键信息进行了加粗，重点信息一眼就能看到；3、每一个重难点词汇都做了讲解，有真题语境，方便小伙伴们更容易理解和掌握单词的具体用法。4、配有逐句翻译+全文翻译，可满足考生的不同需要：①逐句解析不光一句一句图解语法、一句一句注释词汇，而且在英文原句后直接给出每个句子的翻译，帮助考生扫清阅读障碍、真正读懂文章。②全文翻译一方面有助于考生梳理行文思路、总结篇章结构，从整体上把握文章；一方面可以帮助考生在研究解析时，快速定位到原文，然后找到与答案出处相关的上下文内容，更快找到正确答案。缺点：鉴于《考研真相》的答案解析很详细，每个年份的题都有近100页的解析，20套真题总共差不多有近2000页的解析，整套真题略微有点厚重。不管是基础弱还是基础好的考研党都可以无压力使用《考研真相》，比如你英语四六级没过、六级500分以下、英语六级500+但做题过程中，不认识的句子超过3句的话都可以用这本，尤其是基础弱的考研小白，学姐个人更推荐你使用《考研真相》备考哦！

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors.超市的设计目的是吸引顾客在超市内尽可能长时间的停留。The reason for this is simple:原因很简单The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy.你在店里待的时间越长，你看到的东西就越多，你看到的东西越多，你买的东西就越多。And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff.超市里有很多东西。The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more.根据食品营销协会的数据，平均每家超市有大约44，000种不同的商品，而且有很多超市有比这多数万件。The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload.可供选择的数量之多足以使购物者陷入信息过载的状态。According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us.根据脑部扫描实验，如此多的决策要求使我们很快承受不了。After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective,在大约40分钟的购物之后，大多数人不再挣扎于理性的选择，and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.而是开始冲动性购物，在这时候，我们把50%从来不打算买的东西放进购物车里。

2020年考研英语一到底有多难？通过考研英语能够上热搜，就可以知道，难度应该不低，有一个单词，就难倒了很多考生，这个单词就是renaissance（文艺复兴）。有同学居然将其当作人名，直接就给翻译了，很是好奇，不知道她翻译成了那个名字？有一位去年就考过的同学说：“很明显要比去年难很多，去年英语一我考了71分，提前半个小时就做完了，今年可能还需要多半个小时，才能够完美地做完这张卷子。估计，今年只能考65分。”英语一难，其中一个原因就是阅读理解四篇都是紧密结合热点，这让很多考生直呼受不了，新题型也不简单，可能最难的就是翻译吧，一个单词renaissance就难倒了很多考生。这两天，很多机构都公布了考研英语参考答案，不知道大家是否对了答案，进行了估分，如果有估分，我们可以参考最近10年分数线，看看能否过线？为了回答这个问题，首先需要了解考研国家线与单科线，国家线比较容易理解，类比高考分数线，就是进复试必须要达到的考研分数线。下面简单介绍下考研单科线。考研单科线考研单科线，分为两个，一个是满分=100分，另外一个是满分>100分的单科线。所以，很明显，满分=100分的考研科目只有英语和政治，所以，所谓的单科线（满分=100分），就是指英语与政治的最低分数线。具体如何划分，不得而知，但是，我们可以推测，应该是按照英语平均成绩来划分的，因为，与政治相比，英语要更难考一些，并且其平均分一般也要低于政治，所以，既然是划线，当然是以更难考的为准。不过，如果那一年，政治成绩比英语成绩普遍还低，那肯定又以政治为准来划线。总之，无论是以哪个科目为准划线，只要这个单科线被划分出来，对政治、英语同时起作用，任何一门达不到国家线，都意味着考研失败。那么，我们究竟能不能预测下2020年的英语单科线呢？如果想要预测2020年英语考多少分可以过线，首先要知道最近几年的英语（政治）单科线，所以，我们将2008年到2019年的考研A区学硕英语（政治）单科线进行了统计，统计结果如下表所示。通过统计表，我们发现，即使是同样100分满分的英语，不同专业的单科线差别还是比较大的，比如文学专业，单科线可以达到50多分，最近十年只有2014年是低于50分，只有45分，而2019年是51分，所以，2020年较2019年难一些，单科线再一次跌破50分，可能性还是比较大的。我们将以上表格中的数据，做一个统计直方图，我们就会发现，部分专业的分数线波动较大，比如文学、管理学等，而少部分专业分数线其实变化很小，比如工学、理学等。我们再从整体上来看，各个专业的单科分数线是否有什么规律可循？我们选择最近的2016年-2017年，2017年-2018年，2018年-2019年，将各个专业的分数线变化进行统计。统计结果见下表所示：通过以上统计，我们不难发现：即使是同一年，不同专业的分数线变化完全是不同的，有些增长，有些反而下降，没有什么规律可循，因为，影响考研分数线的因素较多，比如报考人数、招生计划、考试难度等因素。所以说，如果仅凭英语考试难度来预测国家单科线走势，其实，难度比较大，最起码对于某些专业来说，是这样。但是，我们也发现，分数线波动是有一个范围的，比如，2016年-2017年，最大的波动是2分，2-17年-2018年波动也是2分，只有去年波动范围较大，最大5分（除了照顾专业）。所以，我们可以预测，2019-2020年单科线，大部分专业变化依旧不会很大，不会有超过5分。并且，总体上，分数线可能保持不变或者呈现下降趋势，即使有个别专业会有所增加，但是，总体来说，大部分专业可能会下降0-5分，所以说，如果大家的估分成绩能够在去年的基础上，少0-5分，应该是可以过线的。主要有三个原因：我们已经知道，2020年英语一比较难，可以肯定的是要比2019年难。2018年-2019年分数线总体呈上升趋势，并且变化幅度较大，这主要是考研人数增加最多的原因。但是，这种变化不可能连续两年上升，这会让考生吃不消。2020年考研人数增加虽然没有2019年多，但是，依旧不少，所以对于单科线也会有影响，这个因素会导致分数线增加。所以说，基于以上三个原因，大部分专业的英语单科线可能会保持2019年分数线不变，或者在此基础上有所下降，但是，上升的可能性很小。最后，我们看看考研人数较多的工学专业的情况，将其单独做统计，我们可以发现，连续好几年都在下降，只有去年增长幅度较大，原因依然是考研人数大幅增加。2019年英语单科线是39分，所以说，基于以上三个原因，我们可以大胆预测下2020年工学专业的英语单科线会不会是35分呢？也就是说，会下降4分。那么，你对完答案估分在35分以上，那过线的可能性很大。以上，就是关于国家线以及英语单科线的一些简单介绍，同时也对英语单科线进行了粗略地预测，以上内容仅代表个人看法，仅供参考。最后，希望每一位同学英语都能够过线！

哈喽，21考研er!“说出你的故事”优秀考研经验第一弹来啦~今天文小嘟给大家带来的是河北文都优秀学子何同学的英语学习经验。感谢何同学的真诚分享！他在文中详细讲述了自己在英语学科上的复习技巧，总结了学习经验，为2021考研学生提供了备考建议和帮助。经验分享何逸竹南京农业大学图书馆学考研英语学习小建议考研英语怎么学？英一和英二的区别英语一和英语二的题型是一样的，但是内容些许不同。“我的认识”：我知道的部分是英语一的翻译是一篇文章画出五个不衔接的句子，对这五个句子翻译，英语二是小故事的全篇翻译，但是英语一的翻译句子是比较难的，英语二的翻译更有趣味性且两卷的翻译分值不一样；然后英语一的段落匹配题目种类多比如段落排序、小标题、句子匹配，但是英语二好像一般是小标题；最后是英语一的大作文大都是漫画作文，看漫画描述图画这样，英语二大作文是看折线图、饼状图的数据变化描述表，两卷的作文分值也不一样。英语一和英语二最大的区别是难度不同，英语一的难度远大于英语二。词汇量>语法>技巧“个人情况”：高考全国一卷英语139，英语四六级一次过，四级530六级444我的考研英语学习大致是大三上学期开始的，开始的时候学习语法和背单词。我认为单词的重要性远大于语法的重要性比如你知道我、苹果、吃、三个词但是你不懂语法，根据常识也应该是我吃苹果而不是苹果吃我，如果你只是语法学的很好但是不认识单词你也仅能判断出是我*苹果，主谓宾的结构，但是具体是我洗苹果还是我吃苹果就不知道了，这样会很大程度影响做题。当然上面的例子很简单，考研英语的难度远不是这样的，也不要以为单词我全会了我不懂语法也可以，语法也很重要。仔细看一两篇考研英语阅读文章就会发现这些句子都很长，一个句子会出现很多个你以为的“动词”，但这个动词是谓语还是非谓语，他的发出者到底是谁、承受者是谁、没有语法知识是不能判断的。而在这种地方出题人就可能会偷换，把A做了某事换成B做了某事来问你，你就可能会选错啦。就我个人而言我认为较高的英语成绩=85%的词汇量+15%语法+5%的技巧具体比例数值不用细究，方向是没错的，重要程度：词汇量>语法>技巧词汇量相信大多数人大学都没有好好学英语，即使我四六级都是一次通过我也不能否认高中的3500词已经忘得差不多了。所以如果复习开始的早，可以先快过一遍高中3500词，这3500个词中肯定有很多你不熟悉的，要重点背！这3500词是要快速过一遍的，一天一两个字母这样，字母中含词少的再加下个字母的一起背，过完后买考研词汇书开始老老实实每天背单词吧！我背过谭剑波老师和何凯文老师的单词书，谭剑波老师的单词书里词汇比较基础，可能更适合英语二。何凯文老师的比谭剑波老师的难度大，应该更适合英语一。背词的数量看自己情况定，我好像一开始背的少，后面慢慢加多从50个加到170这样吧，有余力多背几个，背不过少背几个，不需要和别人比较没有什么必要。建议多买几本单词书，因为背一遍后会记住词的位置，最好买乱序的单词书。语法报了文都的考研班，老师都会把相应的书籍发给我。“我的推荐和具体复习方法”：何凯文的长难句，他微博有他的长难句讲解视频合集，我当时是每天一个句子，先自己划分结构再看他微博的讲解，不对的改正，全部过完一遍后，再开始第二遍自己划分一遍和书上句子下面的讲解对照，看看不对的改正，过完第二遍后把这些长难句背了一遍。如果你背不过读流利了也可以，因为不管是读还是背都要断句，断句会让你更理解这些句子的结构。然后是我关注了何凯文的微信公众号“何凯文考研英语”，他每天晚上会推一个句子，我会早上起来看，看的时候划分句子结构并做他留下的题目，然后看讲解，我比较懒，不喜欢隔段时间往前翻去复习，所以我会在第二天看新发的句子，并把前一天的句子抄下来再划分一次做一次题目，这样强迫自己看两遍会印象深刻，我说这么细致不是为了提供我的方法，是让大家按照自己的学习习惯和特点来学习，比如你喜欢复习那你就当天抄当天的句子以后时常复习就好了。技巧要想学技巧，必须有一定的词汇量，有较好的语法基础，对考研英语有一定了解才能学会，技巧也才能有效技巧是用来锦上添花提升做题速度的，不是用来解决实际问题的。所以建议自己先做一两年的真题，看一下考研英语到底是怎样的，自己做题的习惯、方法是怎样的，再去找考研英语老师的视频课跟着学一学，学会了再运用于实践，实践一段时间再回去看看视频看看有没有偏差，有没有遗漏。考研英语怎么做？关于考研英语学习中具体该如何去做，快看看何同学的“小秘诀”01每天背单词、看长难句、抄每日一句的任务一日不能落。落下了就补回来。单词基础特别特别特别差的就背上几个星期再做题吧！还可以的可以开始做真题阅读了，做题按照从较远年份到较近年份，2010年真题先不做，这年真题最难，等你从九几年真题做到大概2015年时就可以做2010年的真题了。英语复习开始早的（大三上）可以每天只看两段阅读，开始晚的也最好每天不超过两篇。做多了没用，做完相对应的题目，对答案后不能看答案解析，自己想为啥没选对，正确答案为啥对，错选的选项哪里不对，实在不知道再看答案解析，题目弄完后查段落生词并背过，然后段落翻译。02前期只用做阅读，完型、新题型真题少留到暑假再开始练习，暑假后期或者大四开学时真题要做到2016年或者2017年，剩下的几套九、十、十一、十二月每月做完一套完整题目，要掐时间，也要写作文。翻译也在大四开学时开始学习，连做一周开始有效，一个月后翻译基本没问题。作文自己写模板，小作文多背几篇。大四开学后除了每月一套套题外，每天都要做阅读，做之前做过的真题，所以建议买两本不同真题册或者用铅笔写答案。完型和新题型不太需要看讲解，就像高中完型和七选五一样，做多了和出题人思路一致了就可以做对，错的多的可以把空填上多读几遍。最后，差点忘记了，英语一和英语二不是一个出题老师，出题思路不一样，英语二考生从暑假只能做英语二题目，不然会被带跑偏。书籍·推荐“我认为不错的考研英语书”1.谭剑波高频核心词汇速记（适合英二）2.何凯文必考词汇突破全书1575（适合英一）3.终极英语单词（3）畅读英文报刊3000词（这本书词很难，一开始别背）4.长难句解密5.阅读思路解析（英一看挺好，英二可以去问问考英二的学长学姐）寄语英语学习没有捷径，要每天背单词做题，后面主要背专业课期间，也要碎片化抽时间背单词。英语学习日积月累才可以学好鸭，努力才会有回报！！！小勇士们，冲鸭！本文系学生原创，如需转载请注明出处#考研复试经验分享#

做英语真题分为两个阶段：一个是精读，一个是精做精读：基本上记完必考词就可以开始精读真题了精做：一般都是在6月之前语法词汇过至少过完1-2遍了开始，最晚不能超过暑假首先给大家看看考英语一或者英语二应该买哪些真题备注：O表示考英语一需要做的年份题型；⌒表示英语一or英语二都可用，只积累词汇； √表示考英语二需要做的年份题型。①10年之前的真题没有区分英语一和英语二。②01-04年的题型和现在有所差别，所以这4年的可以在背了一个月词汇之后，拆开拿来精读，尤其是阅读部分。③05-09年的真题英语一和英语二都是一样的，所以这个阶段的题英语一和英语二都全刷。④英语一（10-20）年的真题考英语二的同学可以在分题型练习的时候用作辅助练习，英语二（10-20）的真题同理考英语一的同学可以作文辅助练习。其次给大家说说真题具体的规划安排备注：以上的规划只是真题的用法，在6月前除了真题精读，重心应放在词汇以及长难句上。没有过四级的同学在6月之前必考词至少要过两遍，基础词一遍，句句真研要过一遍；介于四六级之间的同学可以根据自己的情况补，先把词汇或者语法先重点过一遍；过了六级的同学，如果已经有一定词汇量或者有语法基础了，就可以过了一遍核心词汇之后就从真题里面背，图表里用来补充练习的年份的翻译就可以在这个阶段用再给大家说说真题书怎么选①考英语一的同学如果不考数学，不跨专业，专业课压力比较小，英语又几乎零基础的同学可以用考研真相，在复习过程中尽量精翻全文。如果其他科的压力比较大，复习又比较晚，可以直接用张剑黄皮书，在复习中尽量只翻译破题句或者破题段，给其他科留一些时间。②考英语二的同学因为英语一和英语二的真题都要买，可以买英语一（01-20）年的张剑黄皮书，英语二（10-20）的考研圣经还有后期会反复做真题，可以提前复习1-2份真题或者买一份手译本，关于手译本怎么用我在后面会提到！关于阅读如何精读前期阅读精读的作用在于对文章思路的了解以及单词语法。尤其是对于英语基础相对薄弱的同学而言，精读真题就非常高效了！但是有一个前提！！！如果四六级都过了，且词汇量均在5500+，可以过一遍核心单词后就直接开始研究真题阅读，从真题继续扩展词汇量。如果四级没过，或者考了几次才飘过的，建议先用红宝书打一下词汇基础。把词汇基础扩展到5000+再去分析和研究真题，以及真题上的陌生单词，注意陌生单词需要有目的性的摘选，尤其是句子里不认识的动词和形容词！那么如何精读呢？第一步：通读全文，注意每段首尾句，大致了解全文的大概主旨意思，圈出文章中不认识的词语，先把中文意思查找出来，不要标记在文中。这一步的意义在于对文章的难易程度提前摸个底，估算一下自己词汇量不足的地方第二步：梳理出每句的主干以及其他成分，先口译主干部分，然后再口译其他成分，最后把其他成分放入主干中，按照翻译顺序翻译整个句子。这一步主要是检验一下自己的语法水平，对句子结构的掌握情况第三步：对比解析，查漏补缺。根据答案解析，看看自己的问题在哪，在6月之前就主要看结构方面，尤其是句子其他定语成分，状语成分位置顺序是否正确。第四步：摘抄文章中不熟悉的词汇。之前查找了一遍单词，在翻译过程中，还是想不起的单词摘抄出来，重点记忆；翻译问题比较大的句子也可以摘抄下来或者重点标记，后期补充复习。关于真题如何精做考英语一的同学可以在6-11月期间精做英语一（05-15）年的真题。考英语二的同学可以在（6-11）月期间精做英语一（05-09），英语二（10-15）年的真题。第一阶段：3-4天定时（3 h）做真题（2个月）1.第一天定时（3 h）做一套真题，前两周里面可以不用写作文,只需要摘抄作文里面的词组和作文框架就可以了。做题的时候，最好按照先看问题标记关键词→粗读文章掌握主旨→细读文章，扣细节做题的顺序2.第二天核对答案，摘录文章中的陌生单词，标记出线索句，根据答案解析做好错题笔记，比如这道题的出题类型，主要是为了熟悉历年来的阅读文章类型，熟悉真题阅读出题的方向；3.第三天翻译阅读中的线索句，错误率比较高的文章尽量全文翻译，还有翻译题中错了的句子。做完之后再比对解析，看看自己翻译的译文结构上是否有问题，如果问题比较大，再用一天的时间回到长难句书上再做一下类似的题或者看阅读课。第二阶段：研究阅读错题原因（1个月）看自己是因为单词做错了，还是句子理解错误，或者是对文章整体方向的把控错误导致的做题错误，研究自己做错的原因，记录问题（重点），并标记每道错题的所属题型。在看解析的时候，重点看题型正确答案的分析思路。然后继续重复第一遍精析句子和查词背单词的步骤；总结完做的11年真题之后，看看自己常错的题型有哪些，出现这些错误的原因有哪些，找出问题后，大家可以看唐静或者其他老师阅读课的解题技巧，然后用英语一/英语二辅助练习的阅读检验一下。第三阶段：分题型练习真题（3个月）阅读20天：每天做一套真题的阅读，做完之后根据答案标记错误题型，做了10天之后，研究一下这期间自己错误最多的题型，可以花1-2天看看视频课这类题型的解题方法，剩下10天按照自己理解的方法再做阅读。新题型10天：前6天按照把（05-15年）真题的新题型做完，做完之后总结小标题和多项对应这两类题型错题原因以及解题方法，后面可以做做模拟题的新题型练手。翻译15天：前8天把（01-15）年的翻译做完，做完了总结一下自己的问题，不懂的地方可以回到长难句解析书上巩固一下，后面可以拿句句真研长难句部分练手。小作文15天/大作文20天：关于作文的复习，背任何模板都没有自己上手练的效果来得快，建议大家自己上手练习，根据答案解析的模板，整理适合自己的模板。完型10天：对于基础极差的同学完型部分千万不要放弃，只要好好准备，至少是可以拿到5-6分的，这几分就是决定你是否过线的关键。系统的把01-15年的完型填空的题拿出来做一做，总结真题中的搭配，熟词僻义以及难词生义的词语，这些搭配或者词语在历年真题中重复考查的几率很高，只要认知了大多数都能做对！完型填空得分原则：选项中极少见过的生僻字几乎不可能是正确答案，往往很多能够同义替换等简单词是正确答案的几率更大；在平时做完型的时候，要多积累词汇搭配，比如be exposure to等固定搭配，而且完型填空答案的分布基本都是4*5，最后有几个选线不能选出可以按照这种方式选；第四阶段：模拟检测这个阶段主要用历年真题当模拟题做（如果感觉自己前面复习效果不错的同学，也可以找找模拟题做）。任务一：每三天下午（14：-17：00）定时做英语一（2016-2020）的真题，包括涂答题卡，做完之后标记出真题中不认识的单词，阅读错题原因，翻译中的词组以及作文框架任务二：不做真题的第二天，英语复习时间控制在2个半小时，两天写一篇大作文，每天背真题中不熟悉的单词和词组以及作文范文中的词组；任务三：不做真题的第三天，英语复习控制在2个小时内，两天写一篇小作文，每天做真题中2-3个长难句练习以及真题中不熟悉的单词！查漏补缺