英语二研究学生试题

在2019年研究生考试结束后，很多考生都在网上吐槽今年的考研英语一的试题难度太高，一些阅读理解里面的词汇都成为了网上的热搜，比如说单词rural debate等单词都成为了微博的热搜，在百度上也一时间成为了网友争分吐槽的话题。而一些考生事后吐槽说考研英语二的试题难度和英语六级相当，所以考研英语二没什么可复习的，仅仅复习英语六级就可以了，还可以得高分。事实真的如此吗？考生复习先了解一下考研英语。考研英语分为英语一和英语二，一般报考学术型硕士研究生的考生，考研英语考英语一，而对于报考专业型硕士研究生，考研则会考英语二。之所以进行区分，是因为学术型硕士研究生和专业型硕士研究生培养目标不同，学硕是为了培养学术人才，要进行国外大量文献的阅读，才能了解最新的学术成果。而专业型硕士研究生则是为了培养适应企业实际需求的应该型人才，因此对考研英语的考察与学硕相比，考察的侧重点不同，难度有所降低。可以看到英语二的难度明显会低于考研英语一的难度，一般考研英语一成绩在60的同学，他们考研英语二的成绩会在70分左右，而简单的认为考研英语二的难度就和英语六级的难度相当，这是不妥的。英语复习就考研英语和英语六级出题来看，一个是教育部考试中心进行命题，一个是大学英语四六级委员会出题，二者出题的思路和风格不同，前者是选拔考试，后者是能力考试。你六级425分及以上就过了，但考研英语各个专业国家线不一样，不是简单滴过了某个分数线就可以了。就考察的内容来看，由于考研不考听力，所以只分析考研英语二和英语六级相互对应的题型。就考研英语二的阅读理解和英语六级的阅读理解来看，考研英语二的阅读难度要明显的高于英语六级的阅读难度，二者在单词和长难句的理解上，明显考研英语二难度略大一些。就英语六级阅读来看，做一篇阅读的时间大概是15分钟以内，但是考研二英语阅读的做题时间明显会高于15分钟，而且考研英语二的选项的设置更加地刁钻，排除各个选项不容易。而从考研英语二的作文和六级的作文来看，难度不是很大，作文这一部分差异不大。最后从完形填空来看，英语二的难度要比六级的完形填空难度要略高，并不是很容易的就可以做出来。考场外复习从历史来看，考研英语二也只是新生事物，在2010年开始推行，在工商管理硕士英语联考的基础上完善形成，最初的考研英语二确实相对简单，但是后来逐渐地提高了考试的难度，在过去考研英语二的难度比英语六级难度要低，但是现在从阅读理解来看，考试难度已经比英语六级略大了。就每年的考研国家线来看，英语二的国家线大部分的专业分数线在44分上下，还有部分专业是30%左右，大体上是总成绩的45%，而英语六级425及格，大体上总分的60%。因此虽然每年很多学生说英语二难度低于六级，但是从考生总体成绩看，考研英语二的难度高于英语六级的难度。从每年考生的复习准备来看，英语六级很多考生都是准备了3个月或者2个月的很多，但是对于考研英语而言，大部分考生都是准备了8个月甚至更长的时间，考研英语二的复习周期要大于英语六级，但是成绩又如此之低，远远低于英语六级，可以对比出考研英语二的难度大小。因此我们从出题命题、考察内容、历史对比、成绩线对比可以明显看出考研英语二的难度要高于英语六级的难度（听力除外）。而大家又有什么观点和看法，欢迎讨论。

2019年考研初试英语二阅读试题答案及解析text12019考研英语(二)阅读真题Text1是关于内疚的好处的文章，第一篇文章总体不难，文都教育的英语老师就第一篇阅读答案给大家做了解析，为了方便核对，我们将选项也对应给出。阅读理解Text1 答案21. [C] foster a child’s moral development22. [B] burdensome23. [D] an emotion can play opposing roles24. [B] can result from either sympahty or guilt25. [D] wrongdoings解析：21. 根据题干Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help______.内容定位到第一段最后一句This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing. 由最后一句的this指代词，可知原因在第一段的前几句，根据第一句Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. 和第二句Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. 可知内疚不是天生的，而是和一个孩子的道德规范有关，是通过后天学习获得的。因此答案是C 选项 foster a child’s moral development。22. 根据题干According to paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be______.定位到第二段第一句In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. 另外第二句It is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. 也进一步解释了第一句。由这两句可知许多人认为内疚是不好的，令人不舒服的，让人感觉沉重，就像是衣服口袋里有石头一样，因此答案为B选项burdensome。23. 根据题干Vaish hold that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that______.中的关键词Vaish定位到第二段第四句，根据第四句中的adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. 可知这种复兴是更大的认识的一部分，即情绪不是二元情感，在一个情境中有利的情绪，在一个情景中可能是有害的。其中第4句中的revival和题干中的rethinking对应，第四句中的recognition和题干中的awareness对应，因此答案是D 选项 an emotion can play opposing roles。24. 根据题干Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _______. 定位到第四段第三句 In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. 根据第三句可知内疚和和同情可能代表了通往合作和分享的不同的路径。可以得出，答案是B 选项can result from either sympahty or guilt。25. 根据题干中的关键词transgressions可以定位到第五段第二句Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. 根据第二句中的 feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. 可以看到negative emotions 来源于transgressions. 而negative emotions表示负面情绪是贬义的，因此对比4个选项，可以得出答案是D选项wrongdoings.以上就是文都教育考研老师为各位考生带来的2019考研英语二阅读Text 1的答案解析，文都教育考研英语老师预祝大家考上理想的学校。（来源：文都教育）

2020考研英语二翻译【真题原题】It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they are not really living at all But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up t0 us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as "the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something; we can choose to look for the lesson were meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they are how we grow, and how we keep form making that same mistake again Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.【参考译文】人生中不经历一些失败几乎是不可能的。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们。我们可以选择把失败看作是 ”世界末日 ”,或者我们可以把失败看作是常有的的极好的学习机会。每当我们在某件事上失败的时候,我们可以选择寻找我们应该吸取的教训。这些教训非常重要,它们是我们成长的方式,也是我们避免再犯同样的错误的方法。只有我们选择放弃的时候失败才能够阻止我们。失败也可以让我们更好地认识自己，如果没有失败我们决不可能认识到这样的自己。比如,失败可以让你发现你有多么强大。在某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现你最真诚的朋友,或者帮助你找到意想不到的通往成功的动力。-----------------------------------分割线-----------------------------------------------------对完答案，不论结果是好是坏，希望你能放松心态。人生时时都在面对考试，所谓考研，也不过是人生考试的一部分，所以，一定要坚强面对，加油！20考研已经完了，21考研的小伙伴也该准备起来了，这里给大家推荐一些考研英语专用书单：单词书：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》（按考频划了频考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词4类单词，重点记频考词和基础词，挺省时间的。）真题书：英一只推荐《考研真相》，英语二就用《考研圣经》（真题文章都是逐句图示细讲的，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂文章，还有就是排除干扰项，提高做题的正确率，适合基础弱的人用。）写作书：英一《写作160篇》，英二《写作宝中宝》（很适合英语基础不太好的同学，里面有总结高分词汇、基础句型，还有经典模板之类的，可以先从词、句、段、篇开始学会写作文，然后再学习书里话题、句式、模板、思路，写一些有亮点的高分作文。）

2020年10月自考考试已经结束，大家考得怎么样呢？自考君在第一时间为大家准备好了公共科目的试题解析，供大家参照核对！让我们一起来看看答案解析吧~(以下内容仅供参考，一切以考试最终成绩为准)一、阅读判断1、A ，Few people will think about being green.对应文章中的 is unlikely that..,所以正确。2、A，Two main choices when people look to their holiday.对应文章中的two choices；travel agencies和internet，所以正确。3、C，People go to travel agencies and make their decisions directly.Travel agencies只是主要出行的选择之一，但文章并没有提及问题，所以未提及。4、B，The main advantage of holiday online is convenience 而不是saving money，所以错误。5、C，People go to travel agencies at lunchtime.文章只是说，一般人们去找 travel agencies，他们都很忙，比如lunchtime or weekend.而并未明确说明 people go to travel agencies at lunchtime.所以未提及。6、C，Booking holiday by telephone requires less communicative skils.文章只是说电话预定会看不到图片或细节，并未提及communicativeskill，所以C未提及。7、B，There are lots of 而不是limited choices at price comparison website，所以错误。8、C，Travel agencies make the best use of price comparison website.文中并未提及两者的关系，所以未提及。9、C，Travelers collect brochures as a hobby.文中并未提及。10、A，Booking online is a way to save the environment。正确，与本文标题和主题相呼应，所以正确。二、阅读选择1、A，Urban gardening came into being as a result of Ithe lack of land for gardening】2、C，The word“confined"means【limited】3、D，Plants grown on windowsills require a lot of【sunlight】4、B，Raised beds are popular because they【are cheap】5、D，Community gardening is beneficial because it【connects people】三、概括段落大意和补全句子1、段落1：F，Teaching is more than a job for Mrs.Cook.2、段落2：E，Mrs.Cook's lessons are well-prepared.3、段落3：C，Mrs.Cook cares about each student.4、段落4：A，Mrs.Cook makes our school life easier.5、段落5：B，I enjoy science class now.6、E，To become a school teacher，one needs【a college degree】7、F，Mrs.Cook often goes out to collect【teaching materials】8、C，Mrs.Cook offers slow students extra help【after school】9、D，Our whole class take Mrs.Cook as I a role model】10、B，I am lucky to have Mrs.Cook as【my teacher】四、填句补文EFADC五、填词补文FBAHCEDGU六、完形补文1.mistaken2.unending3.covered4.percentage5.including6.Surprisingly7.getting8.uses9.worse10.shocked七、短文写作题目：An Unforgettable Holiday参考范文：保过70分班写作精讲课程范文直接用An Unforgettable Holiday There are many holidays in China，such as the Spring Festival，the Qingming Festival，the Mid-autumn Festival and National Day.Each festival has its own uniqueness，but I prefer the Spring Festival rather than the others.It is the most interesting festival in China.When I was little，I did not know how to celebrate the Spring Festival.My mum made new clothes and a lot of delicious food for us.After I grow up，I do the same thing for my boy as well.It is not only interesting，but also good for our family.It helps us to get closer with our family.That is my unforgettable holiday.

小编在第一时间更新考研英语的作文试题题目，现在是粗糙的版本，后续会更新完整的英语一和英语二的试题答案解析内容。下面给大家整理英语一、英语二大小作文的真题内容。英语一大小作文真题题目（网友回忆版）题目是大概的内容，具体文字等内容后续更新。小作文：我为＂ Aiding Rural Primary School＂工作，一个国际志愿者有 require，我 answer。要求写出我那个 project 的细节，署名 Li Ming大作文：俩人爬山，一个人坐下说太累了不爬了，另一个人边爬边递水给另一个人瓶水，说休息一下接着爬英语二大小作文真题题目（不完整版，可参考）Part ADirections: Suppose professor Smith ask you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic, write an email to him1)Suggest a topic and with your reasons,2) And your arangementYou should write about 700 words on the ANSWER SHEETDon' t use your own name, use"Zhang Wei instead. Don t write your address. (10 points)Part BDirections Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should interpret the chart, and give yourcommentsYou should write about I50 wordsneatly on the ANSWER SHEET(15 points）另附上网友发出来的部分英语一的部分参考答案：据网友回忆，考研英语一阅读排序题参考答案为DABGE；据网友回忆，英语一阅读参考答案如下：21 A enhance banker's sense of responsibility22 D "short-termism" in economic activities23 B adverse24 C the approaches to promoting "long-termism"25 B patience as a corporate virture26 D The change of course catologs27 C To help freshmen adapt to college learning28 D obtain more financial support29 B To complement each other30 C analyzing the causes behind it31 D involves some concerns raised by AI today32 A is too limited for us to reproce it33 C is still beyond our capacity34 B affirmation35 B Frankenstein, the Novel predicting the Age of AI36 C make more online shopper pay sale tax37 B were considered unfavorable by states38 harmed fiar market competition39 Big chain owners40 gives a factual account of it and discuss its consequences好了，还是那一句，别急着对答案，考后的休息是十分重要的，小编在这里预祝大家第二天的考试顺利~

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

2020考研英语考试已经落下帷幕，作为考研英语的最后一个模块，作文是众多考生关注和畏惧的。可以说，“得阅读者得天下，得作文者得永生”。在此，笔者通过精细英语二小作文，希望能够为备考的你们提供一些受用的框架和思路，为大家的考研旅程尽点绵薄之力。2020考研英语一真题如下：Directions:46. Directions:Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. Write an email to1) tell them about the site, and2) give them some tips for the tourPlease write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name, use “Li Ming”instead. (10 points)写作分析1. 考题形式根据大纲规定，小作文考查形式包含书信、通知、报告、备忘录，而今年的考题也同样考查了考频最高的文体—书信，这与平时授课和作文点睛课上反复强调的以书信复习备考为主的授课重点也不谋而合。具体而言，今年考查的书信为说明类和建议类的结合，即首先要明确说明历史景点的具体名称，其次还要说清楚观光游览时的建议事项。两方面都要写到，切不可有偏废。2. 写作内容小作文又叫应用文，相对于大作文来说内容更为简短，题材都集中在日常生活中使用频率较大的实用性文体。就今年所考查的内容而言，认真练习过真题的同学会发现，“年年岁岁人不同，岁岁年年题不变”，事实上，2017年英语一的小作文中曾考察过景点的介绍信，所以其中对于景点介绍的部分表达可以借鉴到这次的作文中。而对于景点的介绍和参观建议这两个部分的写作，孰轻孰重，题干中并没有具体的规定，同学们可根据自己实际的写作能力和对试题的理解进行有效把握。3. 注意事项对于小作文而言，大纲要求颇为详实，概括起来，主要涉及：格式正确，语域恰当，语言准确，内容完整。格式方面，务必包含称呼、正文、落款和署名；语域方面，因收信人和写信人之间的陌生关系，故为正式信件；语言准确，包含词汇和句法两个方面的准确完整；内容完整，即必须说明景点名称和建议两个部分。以上即为2020英语二应用文的整体分析和梳理，希望对刚刚结束考试的考生有所启发。同时，2021的学生也已经开始进入紧张备考状态，在此提醒各位以考点为指向，打好词汇和语法基本功，为厚积薄发打下坚实基础。

问题：好纠结，考研英语二资料考研圣经真题用几套啊？不用纠结用几套啊，考研圣经有三套，三套是05-19年的真题，10年之内的题是要用心做，但不是说09以前的题就不用做了，前面的题也是你可以用来补基础的资料。而且英二的题本来就少，你再不把仅有的十几年的真题好好做做，你准备做什么题啊！真题是英语最重要的资料，你肯定看到过很多学姐学长说不用做模拟题。就是因为真题的难度是最接近试题的，如果要去精细的做题那肯定首选真题。你做真题就可以直接按照考研圣经的顺序做，基础加强版就基础3-5月做，高分突破版就暑假到9月的真题练习阶段做，考前冲刺版就留在最后10-12月做。有些人做题是每3个月做做一轮05-19的真题，然后做3遍。这都是看你自己安排了，因为每一遍的侧重点也不一样。比如基础阶段，你做真题的时间有可能很少，因为3-5月你还得上课，还要背单词。如果要学数学的话，还要花大半时间去学数学理论。所以你前期的真题练习，不要求量，还是要求质。每天抽3个小时，练习真题阅读。（时间不够，可以分两天做）前期做真题，不用太在意时间。即使前些年的真题难度相比之下简单点，但难度还是有的。所以前期更像是你跟着解析，去积累。考研圣经在解析这方面非常详细，句子的解析很到位，简单句子有解析，长难句是图示分析。所以你不用怕如果自己基础差，看不懂真题。可以先练习手译文章，把文章翻译写下来。然后再去对照解析中的翻译，知道自己那一段落没有理解清楚，或者是逻辑没有搞懂。后两个阶段的真题，不仅是质还得注意时间做真题后两个阶段，你如果不去控制自己的时间做题，有可能到了考场上就做不完，或者涂不完答题卡。虽然我身边出现这种情况的都是没怎么好好复习的，但是还是得注意下。特别是在练习完整的题时，一定要安排自己的做题顺序。比如先做阅读再是新题型、作文、翻译、完形。每天或者2天抽3小时，完整做一套真题最后两个阶段，你不止是要去翻译全文。而是学着去总结做题思路，思考文章段与段、句子与句子的逻辑关系。考研圣经里对每个题，再返回句子中的思路讲解的比较到位。技巧真的还是需要自己总结，你做一遍真题有可能没什么想法，多做就懂了。为什么学长学姐都告诉你要多做，因为多做你才能对真题越来越熟，才能了解出题的思路到底在哪个点。我的建议是多练习总结每段的意思，这样也比较有助于你抓住重点，逻辑。做真题总结的都是自己的东西，我只能给你说下方法。英语很多东西都得自己总结！不要想着要速成的思路或者技巧！脚踏实地才是英语进步的最好的方法啊。

距离考研初试的时间越来越少，考研党们在紧张的复习冲刺的时候，除了注意知识点的梳理与巩固外，心态与作息也要做好调整，此外，最重要的就是对即将到来的考试进行模拟与预演，保持手感并做到心中有数，而考研英语是很多人的拦路虎，在最后的时间内，考研党们要对考研英语考试内容与阅卷流程做到心中有数。复习到现在，考研党们对考研英语都已经非常熟悉，考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分，试卷包括试题册和1张答题卡。考研英语试题分四部分，共48题，其中英语知识运用共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分；阅读理解由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分，其中B节有多项对应、小标题对应两种备选题型；英译汉共15分；写作也分为A、B两节，共2题，25分，A节为应用性短文，共10分，B节为英语说明文或议论文，共15分。对于考研英语的题型与分值，相信考研党们都非常熟悉了，在冲刺阶段，则要做道结合自己的情况，对每个题型的时间做好合理的分配，争取拿到更多的分数。此外对考研英语阅卷流程也要有一定的认识，考研客观题占分值为80分，全部使用机读卡自动阅卷，评为非常精准公平。主观题一共20分，则实行人工阅卷，对评分也有着详细的评分标准，特别是坐稳，主题、语法、句式、拼写、卷面等都是评分指标，但是，在实际阅卷中，阅卷教师的时间非常紧张，平均花费在每张考卷的时间就很少，只能大概浏览，各段主题句以及第一印象就非常重要，因此考研党做准备好作文结构与各段首句的准备，尽量把主题句放在段首，字也尽量工整好看。