研究生英语综合教程上课后答案

2020研究生英语二答案解析1.【答案】D tricky【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。文章首段首句为主题句：每位父母都想成为好的父母。空格句开头为but，句意上出现了转折，“但是如何定义好的父母是个难题”，since后给出了原因，“因为不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的”。tricky意为“棘手的，困难的”，符合句意。2.【答案】B for example【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。前面说了不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的，此句为例证，如果换一种养育方式，一个冷静而听话的孩子可能会比他的弟弟或妹妹反应更好些。所以用表示举例分析的for example最合适，其他选项另外、偶尔、意外地都不合适。3.【答案】A Fortunately【解析】此处考察副词词义辨析+上下文语境。空格所在句指出：还有一类父母描述起来会容易一些，这类就是非常耐心的父母。第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，这里在上下文文义上是个转折，幸运地是/还好，有一类父母比较容易定义，并且各个年龄段的孩子都可以从他们的养育方式中获益。故选Fortunately，其他选项偶尔，对应地，最终地都不合适。4.【答案】C describe【解析】 此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，第二段出现转折说但是有一类父母很好描述/定义，describe与define相呼应，故选C符合句意。5.【答案】A while【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句指出：虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母，但这并不容易。逗号前后为转折关系，四个选项中while表转折，选A符合句意。6.【答案】B task【解析】此处考察名词词义辨析。虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母，但这不是个容易的差事/任务。task意为任务，其余选项答案，选择，途径/权限都不合适，故选B符合句意。7.【答案】A tolerant【解析】此处考察形容词词义辨析。空格所在句指出有时父母会很累很沮丧，这时候对待孩子就很难沉着冷静(composed)和包容。tolerant意为包容的，故选A符合句意。8.【答案】C push【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。你也不是圣人/你也只是普通人，而且有时候孩子会把你逼的很紧。push为催促/紧逼，此处move(移动，使感动)，drag(拖拽)，send(发送)均不符合句意，故选C。9.【答案】D inevitable【解析】此处考察形容词词意辨析+上下文语境。空格前一句指出：有时候孩子会把你逼的很紧。空格后一句指出你会失去耐心，对孩子大吼大叫。那么这是孩子把你逼的很紧的必然结果，inevitable 为无法避免的/必然的，故选D符合句意。10.【答案】C harsh【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。空格句句意：你会失去耐心并对孩子大吼大叫，而且有时候会说一些很伤人/刻薄的话，对每个人都没好处。根据上下文，something 后面的形容词一定是贬义的，harsh为刺耳的/严格的，故选C。11.【答案】A turn back【解析】此处考察动词搭配+上下文语境。空格句句意：你会希望时间倒流，一切重新再来。turn back为(使)往回走，take apart 为拆开/拆解，set aside为把....放一旁/不理会，cover up为盖起来，均不符合句意，故选A。12.【答案】C however【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。空格句指出：然而，即使是这是很普遍的现象，我们还是要牢记，哪怕只是一点点的疲惫，都会让你对孩子说一些你会后悔很久的话。上一段描述了一般情况下父母是如何对孩子失去耐心，并且这很普遍(We've all been there/it's common)，空格句对比上一段发生了转折，故选C。13.【答案】D regret【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。上一段描述了父母如何对孩子失去耐心，然后又希望时间倒流一切重新再来，那么疲惫时对孩子说的话一定是会让你后悔(regret)的，其他选项喜欢，错过，相信均不符合上下文，故选D。14.【答案】B affect【解析】考察动宾搭配。结合原文语境，“这也许不仅会伤害你和孩子之间的关系，而且会...你的孩子的自尊”所以这里填上一个动词接后面的宾语自尊心，所以答案只能是affect,“影响自尊心”。而raise提高，养育;justify证明合理性;reflect影响，均不能合理搭配。15.【答案】D cool【解析】本题考察动宾搭配，也是主题复现，cool有“冷静之意。“如果你总是对你的孩子失去...,”本文一直在探讨的主题就是对孩子要有耐心，因此符合题意的只能是cool, 而time时间，bond结合，纽带，race比赛，种族都不符合这里的语境。16.【答案】C importance【解析】本题考察名词的修饰关系，A of B的结构中填名词A，主要参照后面of结构对它的修饰作用。Of结构在这里表示“建立对孩子宽容和耐心的...”联系前面说”我们越来越重视...”因此符合题意的应该是importance“重要性”nature，自然、天性;secret秘密，context环境。17.【答案】D confronted【解析】本题考查动宾搭配，根据本题语境，“事实上，在....压力时情绪调节或维持情绪控制的能力是所有生活技能中最重要的一项”，压力前面应该搭配“面对”故选择confronted其他的cheated欺骗，defeated打败，confused困惑均不符合。18.【答案】B hard【解析】此处考察表语形容词。主要参照跟前面的incredible加起来表示“不可避免的...一直对孩子保持耐心”可以先看选项terrible糟糕的，strange奇怪的，wrong错误的，这三个都不能放在此处形成合理搭配，所以hard更合适。19.【答案】A trying【解析】本题考察修饰关系。根据原文语境“一个更实际的目标是去尝试，尽你最大的能力，当你面对涉及孩子的...情况时，尽可能地宽容和冷静” 需要父母宽容和冷静的应该是不太好的情况，答案trying做形容词表示“令人厌烦的”最合适。changing变化，exciting激动人心的surprising令人惊讶的，均不能体现这里的含义。20.【答案】B emerge【解析】考察动宾搭配，这里的句义是“朝着这个目标努力的结果是，你和你的孩子将受益并从很有压力的这些时候...，在身体和情感上感觉更好”。只有“浮现，出现”最符合，所以选择emerge， 而hide隐藏，withdraw撤退，escape逃避均为负面含义，故不符合。Text121. 【答案】A pick up social signals from non-living rats解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Quinn and her colleagues和a test定位到第一段第二句。To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats. 为了查明这是否延伸到了非生物，Quinn和她的同事测试了老鼠能否从机器老鼠身上探测到社会信号。正确答案A是原文的同义替换。选项B的distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one区分友好的老鼠和敌对的老鼠，并未提及，是常识性干扰。选项C的attain sociable traits through special training通过特殊训练获得社交品质，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。选项D的send out warning messages to their fellow向它们的同伴发出警告信息，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。22.【答案】D It moved around alone.解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词the asocial robot和experiment定位到第三段最后一句Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.同时，不具有社交能力的机器人只能进行简单的前后左右移动。正确答案D It moved around alone.是原文的同义替换。选项A的It followed the social robot.它跟随具备社交能力的老鼠，与原文the social robot rat followed the living rats around不符，原文说的是具备社交能力的老鼠跟随真老鼠，属于张冠李戴。选项B的It played with some toys.它玩一些玩具，与原文不符，原文中说的是具备社交能力的老鼠玩同样的玩具，属于张冠李戴。选项C的It set the trapped rats free.它释放了被困的老鼠也与原文内容不符，原文说的同样是具备社交能力的老鼠，而题干问的是不具备社交能力的老鼠在实验中做了什么，属于张冠李戴。23.【答案】B expected it to do the same in return解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Quinn和the rats released the social robots往下定位到第四五段，第五段最后一句This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn. Quinn说：这可能会让老鼠更好地记住早些时候已经释放了机器人，并希望机器人在它们被困住时能回报它们的恩惠。正确答案B expected it to do the same in return是原文的同义替换。干扰项A的 tried to practice a means of escape试图尝试一种逃跑的方法，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。选项C的 wanted to display their intelligence想要展示它们的智慧，文中并未提到，属于无中生有。选项D的considered that an interesting game觉得是个有趣的游戏在原文当中也没有体现，属于无中生有。24.【答案】C respond more to actions than to looks解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词James Wiles定位到第六七段，尾段尾句We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too, says Wiles. Wiles说：“我们人类似乎对机器人很着迷，事实证明其他动物也很着迷。”再结合尾段前面部分的阐述，会发现正确答案C respond more to actions than to looks对行动的反应多于对外表的反应，是原文的类似表达。干扰项A的can remember other rat's facial features能够记住其他老鼠的面部特征，与原文内容不符，原文第六段说的是假设赋予机器老鼠面部特征，那都不重要，属于偷换概念。选项B的differentiate smells better than sizes与体型大小相比，能够更好地区分气味，原文中只提到赋予机器老鼠真老鼠的气味，与原文不符，属于偷换概念。选项D的can be scared by a plastic box on wheels会被装有轮子的塑料盒子吓坏，文中机器老鼠只是装有轮子的塑料盒子，还是属于偷换概念。25.【答案】D are more sensitive to social cues than expected解析：本题目为推断题，考察基于全文主旨进行推断。题干并没有具体关键词，因此需要通过选项回到文中逐一对应。正确答案D are more sensitive to social cues than expected对社交线索比预期更敏感，与原文尾段首句The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come from basic robots.(这一发现显示了老鼠对社交暗示的敏感程度，即使是来自基本机器老鼠的社交暗示)属于类似表达。选项A的appear to be adaptable to new surroundings似乎能适应新环境，在文中并未提及，属于无中生有。选项B的are more socially active than other animals比其他动物更活跃，文中只提到其他动物也一样会对机器人着迷，属于偷换概念。干扰项C的behave differently from children in socializing在社交活动中表现得与孩子不同，与原文内容相反，原文内容指的是孩子们倾向于把机器人当作人来对待，即使他们只显示简单的社会信号。这一点与老鼠是一样的，属于正反混淆。Text226.【答案】C Increased business opportunities for top firms解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词CEO pay rise及题干中对CEO薪酬增加原因的提问，定位到第二段首句The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.了解CEO薪酬增长的最佳模式是，CEO人才在一个顶级公司的商业机会迅速增长的世界里是有限的。正确答案C Increased business opportunities for top firms增加顶级公司商业机会的增加。干扰项A的The growth in the number of corporations公司数量的增长，文中并不是说公司数量而是商业机会，属于偷换概念。选项B的The general pay rise with a better economy好转的经济带来的普遍加薪，文中并未提到better economy，属于无中生有。选项D的Close cooperation among leading economies 主要经济体之间的密切合作，文中也并未提到经济体之间的何做，属于无中生有。27.【答案】D operate more globalized companies解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词predecessors及today's CEOs定位到第三段第二句They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant. 他们还需要比他们的前任更好的公关技巧，因为即使是一个小失误的成本也可能是巨大的。选项中并未提到，继续往后看Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. 还有一个事实是，美国的大公司比以往任何时候都更加全球化，供应链遍布更多的国家。正确答案D operate more globalized companies经营更全球化的公司是该句内容的同义替换。干扰项A的foster a stronger sense of teamwork培养更强的团队合作意识，文中提到意识，只有对金融市场有很好的了解，甚至公司应该如何进行交易的意识，属于偷换概念。选项B的finance more research and development资助更多的研发，定位段并没有提到，属于无中生有。选项D的establish closer ties with tech companies与科技公司建立更紧密的联系，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。28.【答案】B strict corporate governance解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词the 1970s定位到第四段第三句Yet it is principally ring this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. 然而，首席执行官的薪酬主要是在这一治理更加有力的时期一直居高不下。正确答案B strict corporate governance严格的公司管理，属于原文内容的替换表达。干扰项A的continual internal opposition持续的内部对立在文中并未提到，属于无中生有。选项C的 conservative business strategies 保守的商业策略，定位段并没有提到，属于无中生有。选项D的repeated government warnings 政府的再三警告定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。29.【答案】D increase corporate value解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词High CEO pay及顺序出题规则，继续看尾段，定位句是And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say, stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.当公司把首席执行官的薪酬与股票价格挂钩时，股票市场的反应是积极的，这表明这些做法不仅为首席执行官带来机制，而且创造了公司价值。正确答案D increase corporate value增加公司价值，是原文内容的替换表达。干扰项A的confirm the status of CEOs证实CEO的地位，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。选项B的motivate inside candidates激发内部候选人的积极性，文中尾段首句首席执行官的最高薪水是付给外部候选人的，而不是付给那些舒适的内部人选，属于偷换概念。选项C的boost the efficiency of CEOs提高CEO的效率，定位段未提到，属于无中生有。30. 【答案】A CEOs Are Not Overpaid解析：本题目为主旨题，考察文章主旨。根据题干分析文章主题词为CEO的薪酬，所以排除C项、D项选项A的CEOs Are Not Overpaid 首席执行官的薪水并不高。选项B的CEO Pay: Past and Present CEO的薪酬：过去和现在，而CEO过去的薪酬并不是原文中心，属于偏离主题，因此正确选项为A。Text331.【答案】D Its fate is yet to be decided解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Madrid's clean air zone定位到前两段，首段说明背景Madrid's clean air zone的执行暂停。继续找第二段，尽管能够提高空气质量，但是市长表示反对。一位法官现在否决了该市停止征收罚款的决定，下令恢复原状。但随着法律斗争的进行，Madrid's clean air zone的未来看起来也不确定。正确答案D Its fate is yet to be decided它的命运尚未决定，是原文内容的替换表达。选项A的 Its effects are questionable.其效果值得怀疑。与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。选项B的It has been opposed by a judge.它遭到法官的反对。文中法官反对的并不是Madrid's clean air zone，而是停止征收罚款的决定。选项C的It needs tougher enforcement.它需要更严格的执行。文中是执行已经停止，与原文内容不符，属于偷换概念。32.【答案】D They put too much burden on indivial motorists.解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词a weakness of the city-level measures及tackle dirty air定位到第三段第二句：That’s because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to indivial drivers—who must pay fees or buy better vehicles—rather than on to the car manufacturers whose heating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.这是因为他们不可避免地把清洁空气的费用转嫁给那些必须支付费用或购买更好车辆的司机，而不是汽车制造商，因为他们的供暖是造成我们有毒污染的真正原因。正确答案D They put too much burden on indivial motorists.他们给个人驾车者增加了太多负担与原文内容一致。选项A的 They are biased again car manufactures.他们对汽车制造商有偏见，文中提到汽车制造商，却并未提到对其有无偏见，属于偷换概念。选项B的They prove impractical for city councils.这些措施对市议会来说是不切实际的。选项C的They are deemed too mild for politicians.他们被认为对政治家来说太温和了。定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。33.【答案】A arouse strong resistance解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词 extension和London’s Ulez定位到第四段：And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in 2021 as he intends, it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.如果 Sadiq Khan在2021年胜出，并按照他的意愿将其延伸至南北环路，肯定会引发更多驾车者的强烈反对，届时他们将受到影响。正确答案A arouse strong resistance引起强烈抵抗与原文内容一致。选项B的ensure Khans electoral success确保Khans选举成功，文中提到的是如果这个人赢了，属于偷换概念。选项C的 improve the city's traffic改善城市交通，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。选项D的discourage car manufacturing抑制汽车制造业也并未在定位段提到，属于无中生有。34.【答案】D National governments解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干信息，问的是作者的具体观点。定位到第六段：But mayors and councillors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town. They are acting because national governments-Britain's and others across Europe- have failed to do so.但是市长和议员们只能对一个比任何一个城市或城镇都大得多的问题做这么多的工作。他们之所以采取行动，是因为英国和欧洲其他国家的政府未能做到这一点。正确答案D National governments作者认为国家政府应该解决这个问题，与原文内容一致。选项A的 Local residents当地居民，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。选项B和C的mayors and councillors出现在定位句，但是与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。35. 【答案】B should be forced to follow regulations解析：本题目为推断题，考察具体细节的推断。根据题干信息auto companies，定位到尾段首句：require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance要求汽车公司使其车辆符合要求。正确答案B should be forced to follow regulations应该被迫遵守规定，与原文信息一致。选项A的 will raise low-emission car proction将提高低排放汽车产量，定位段并未提到，属于无中生有。选项C和D的will upgrade the design of their vehicles 和 should be put under public supervision将升级他们的车辆设计、应该接受公众监督在原文中没有相关信息。Text436. 【C】are drawing growing public attention细节题。根据题干直接定位到文章根据提干第一段第一句话。信息选项中的“drawing growing public attention ”则对应到句中的“the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks” (近几周的关注度在稳步提高)”，其中attention原词复现，rising和growing同义复现;而其他的选项则与最佳选项无缘，在定位区间中没有相应的对应信息。37. 【B】what a tough economic situation is like;细节题。根据题干中询问Generation Z的特点我们来到第二段。题干中的aware直接定位到第二段第四行”Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like(经济列车受到重创是什么样子的)”;信息选项中的“tough economic situation ”则对应到句中的“economic train wreck ”;而其他的选项则与最佳选项无缘，在定位区间中没有相应的对应信息。38. 【C】relieve;猜词题。根据题干，可以定位到第九段第二句话：“The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt”,所以解题的关键是判断”The booming economy(繁荣的经济)”和”generational sense of anxious urgency(代际焦虑)”的关系;根据常识判断，繁荣的经济可以降低求职者的焦虑;再结合上一道题我们知道，Gen Zs是务实和谨慎(practical and cautious)的一代;由此可以得出繁荣的经济并未降低求职者的焦虑，原文已有并未(have done little),选项B中的relieve(减轻)与我们的判断一致，因此答案为C。而其它的选项A define(定义)，B maintain(保持)，deepen(加深)和我们的判断都不一致。39. 【A】have a clear idea about their future jobs; 推断题。题目中明确出题段落(from Paragraph 3)。因此，第三段的第一句chose their major with a job in mind(按照自己的理想工作选择专业)和选项D have a clear idea about their future jobs(对自己的未来工作有明确认识)相符合。根据原文中的第二句话(未来雇主最重要的特性是工作的稳定性，第二位是职业发展与培训，第三位是吸引人的目标)排除答案A和B;选项C并未体现。40. 【B】less adventurous;细节题。题干中的compared with millennials定位到文章第二段：the catch words for Gen Zs are practical and cautious(Gen Zs的口号是务实和谨慎);由此判断出选项B不爱冒险为正确答案。其余均与原文不不符。Part B41. 答案是E Reveal, don’t hide, information解析：根据段落转折句，“你这样做对谁都没有好处。”所以接下来就是作者的观点。他说一个研究发现观察者们一直对那些和他们坦诚的人评价很高，而对那些有所隐藏的失去信任。所以就是要真实，不要隐藏信息。42. 答案是F Slow down and listen解析：根据段落中心句: In fact, rishing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. 意思是实际上，急着表达你的观点可能会让同事们觉得你没有重视他们的观点。因此就是听取别人的观点。43. 答案是D Spend time with everyone解析：根据段落转折句，“除了那些你信任的同事，你还应该扩大你的圈子，并且寻找所有你身边的人。因此就是要和每个人在一起。44. 答案是A Give compliments, just not too many解析：根据段落转折句，“但是不要过度去做或者做假。应该做的内容就在下句，“一个研究发现，人们对于从负面到正面的评价反应最好，也许因为这个评价表明他们有比其他人做得好。因此这就是要称赞，但是不能太多。45. 答案是C Tailor your interactions解析：根据段落中心句，最后一句：So, adapt your style accordingly to type. 意思是要相应地把你的风格适合于不同的类型。也就是因人而异的意思。Section III Translation【参考译文】人的一生总要经历一些失败。有些人生活极其小心翼翼（谨慎）以至于他们哪儿也没去过。简言之，他们根本没生活过。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，这完全取决于我们看待它的方式。我们可以选择视失败为“世界末日”，或仅是我们能力不足的证明，亦或可以将其看作学习经验，尽管有点让人难以置信。每次的失败，我们都能选择把它看作本要掌握的经验。这些经验十分重要，它们关乎我们如何成长以及如何避免再次犯错。只有我们允许失败阻拦我们时，它才会阻止我们前行。失败也让我们更加了解自己，而这些是我们之前从未意识到的。例如，失败让我们发现自己是多么强大，失败也能帮你发现真正的朋友，或者帮你发现通往成功的出乎意料的动力。【小作文】【参考范文】Dear friends,As a member of the Students Union, I am writing this letter to inform you that we are going to visit the Forbidden City next week.As you know, the Forbidden City, which is also known as the Palace Museum, embodies this nations profound and diversified ancient culture with its magnificent architecture and precious treasures. During this trip, it is advisable to pay closer attention to the tourist introction of each site,which includes its origin, cultural background as well as translation in multiple languages.I hope that you will enjoy the journey. If you have any further question, please do not hesitate to reply.Yours sincerely,Li Ming【参考范文译文】亲爱的朋友，作为学生会的成员之一，我写这封信是为了通知大家我们下周要去参观紫禁城。众所周知，紫荆城，又名故宫博物馆，体现了我们国家深邃而多元的古代文化，在那里您可以欣赏壮丽的建筑及珍贵的宝藏。旅行期间，大家可以多多关注景点介绍，它会提供景点由来，文化背景以及不同语言的翻译。我希望你们玩得愉快，如果还有疑问，请及时回复。您真诚的，李明【大作文】The above chart provides a series of impressive data regarding how college students using their smart phones To be concrete, the percentage of studying occupies 58 percent, ranking the first one in the graph, followed by referring to materials whose proportion reaches 28 percent, with having fun and other purposes accounting for 12 percent, and 2 percent respectively.There is no denying in saying that in recent decades, the number of college students using their smart phone to study has been steadily and continuously increasing e to the fact that the advancement of modern society’s technology. Besides, it is not hard to understand that smart phone has become a necessary part in college student’s daily life, thus attracting an increasing number of students to enjoy themselves by their phone. Furthermore, with people’s living styles changing, students prefer to develop their social life on internet and find more useful information to satisfy their academic and life’s needs.So what will be the possible tendency of the phenomenon reflected by the chart in the future? From my perspective, this established tendency is positive and acceptable. As a result, it is unnecessary for the public to regard it with apprehension.【参考范文译文】上面的图表提供了一系列令人印象深刻的数据，主要是关于大学生如何使用他们的智能手机，具体来说,学习的比例占 58%，在图中排名第一，其次是查阅材料的比例达到 28%,娱乐和其他目分别占 12%和 2%。不可否认，近几十年由于现代社会技术的进步，大学生使用智能手机学习的数量一直在稳步增长。而且，智能手机已经成为大学生日常生活中必不可少的一部分，因此吸引了越来越多的学生使用手机。此外，随着人们生活方式的改变，学生更喜欢在网上发展他们的社交生活，找到更多有用的信息来满足他们的学术和生活需求。那么，图表所反映的趋势在未来会是什么呢？在我看来，这种既定的趋势是积极和可以接受的。因此，公众没有必要担心它。

2020年研究生英语考试已经结束了，小编已经整理好答案，等各位看官来对了。扶好坐稳我们开始了：完型（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up阅读Text 121.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text 226.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 331.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text 436.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital Tax新题型41.C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact翻译46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”20考研的宝宝们，终于考完试了，紧张了一年，终于可以缓口气了；对于21考研的新生代宝宝们，你们准备好了吗？先看下前辈们力荐的考研必备复习资料吧，选好资料你就成功了一半：1.单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》英一英二都能用，里面单词按照重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词，有重点，记起来省时间。2.真题：英一《考研真相》/英二《考研圣经》里面真题都是逐句图示分析文章，一词一句的把真题文章讲解得明明白白，基础弱的考研党一定要用，强烈推荐!!3.作文：英一《写作160篇》/英二《写作宝中宝》英语底子比较弱，不会写作文的话，真的建议你用这个。从常用的词汇、句型、模板都给你总结了，不会写那就直接背！拿下作文很简单！更多考研资料，公众号“巨微考研英语”，通通都有，上岸资讯，院校讯息，考研精品书单，独家专业课大礼包，你想要的都在菜单栏里，和巨微君一起备考上岸吧！

2021考研英语初试已经于12月26日下午14点到17点结束，文都考研考后为大家整理了2021考研英语初试真题及答案解析，方便考研人在考研结束之后核对估分以及2022考研人了解考情，下面一起来看下2021考研英语一真题及答案解析完整版。2021考研英语一真题及答案解析（完整版）以上就是“2021考研英语一真题及答案解析(完整版)”的相关内容，文都考研会在考后带来更多2021考研初试真题及答案解析，考研人持续关注。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. 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复试快要来了！而无论是网络复试还是现场复试，和老师的交流都是必不可少的。这短短十几分钟就是老师通过交流来主观判断学生的一些个人素质、专业能力以及精神面貌等。而在这看似友好平和的交流中，实则处处有坑。那么说哪些话会让老师想刷掉你呢？又要怎么说才能让老师对你有好感呢？小编为同学们罗列了几个最有可能会被问到的问题，一句一句教同学们怎么答！同时，还为同学们总结分类了共73个问题，帮助同学们在面试中所向披靡。第一类：选择类典型问题：你为什么考我们学校？踩坑回答一：实力不够，xx学校考不上，于是选择了xx学校。小编说：哪怕这是你内心真实想法也千万千万不能这么说！这不是搬起石头砸自己的脚么？！还把学校暗暗贬低了一番！踩坑回答二：因为xx学校很好，我很喜欢xx学校，所以就选择了报考贵校。小编说：已经进入到研究生复试了，这种没想法很笼统的回答只会给老师传递出你敷衍随意的态度。避坑回答：老师，我很喜欢xx专业，以后想在xxx领域发展。xx大学在xx领域取得过很多成果，位于业内前沿，师资力量雄厚，无论是学习氛围科研水平还是就业方面都很不错，所以我非常想进入xx大学学习深造。小编说：这类问题就一个字，夸！但夸不是随随便便的彩虹屁，一定要夸到点子上，体现出你对学校专业有了解，很向往。同类型问题归纳： 1、你为什么选择我们学校？2、离家这么远，为什么选择我们学校？3、已经工作了，为什么来考我们学校的xx专业，是为了考公务员吗?第二类：院校/专业选择类典型问题：你为什么选择跨考？踩坑回答：我喜欢xx专业所以选择跨考。虽然我是跨考，但我一定会利用接下来两三年时间夯实基础，努力迎头赶上，努力做研究。小编说：你说你喜欢，那你为此付出的努力在哪里呢？喜欢不是你嘴上说着喜欢就真的是喜欢。另外，口说无凭。我怎么知道你会不会和本科一样浑浑噩噩浪费时间呢？避坑回答：在本科阶段，因xx契机对xx专业产生了兴趣，在课外我研读了这个专业的一些相关内容，随着深入的了解，发现自己更喜欢xx专业，希望得到系统正规的学术训练，所以决定跨考xx专业，希望有幸在读研阶段得到老师提点。小编说：这类问题一定不要泛泛而谈喜欢、情怀！而要说说契机，再说说为了这份喜欢憧憬做了些什么，付出了些什么。要不然老师怎么知道你是真的喜欢还是为了混学历？同类型问题归纳： 1、你为什么选择这个专业？2、你本科的专业是什么？请你简单陈述一下3、你对目标专业的研究方向有什么了解，谈谈你的看法。4、你认为自己的本科专业和现在所跨考的专业有什么互补性或者借鉴性？5、你本科是xx专业的，那么你来做个评价吧，这个专业有什么特色?第三类：研究生规划类典型问题：你研究生期间有什么规划？/研究生期间有什么研究设想？踩坑回答一：对xx专业还不甚了解，所以自己暂时没有太明确的想法，想进来以后跟着老师一起探索研究方向。小编说：你这不是明摆着告诉老师你是一个小白吗？还是需要老师手把手教的且毫无规划的小白。踩坑回答二：研究生期间我会认真学习，努力多发SCI。小编说：还是那句话，已经要读研了，你还是这么笼统这么没方向吗？认真学习，究竟怎么学？避坑回答一：我一直有关注xx领域的动态，目前我知道贵校在xx领域取得了很大成就，尤其是xx，我拜读过xx论文，对这个方向很感兴趣，希望能够在这个领域有所收获。小编说：如果你实在不知道怎么说，就回顾下自己所学的专业知识，谈谈自己的兴趣点。避坑回答二：我一直都在关注xx领域的动态。据我浅薄的了解，目前的主流研究方向是xx，但是个人认为在xx方向上存在不足。经过我的学习和尝试，我采取xx方法进行研究，大致罗列出以下的框架构想，希望老师能指教提点。小编说：能够这样的回答一定要确保自己专业知识过硬，要注意文献回顾。这样回答容易引起老师的兴趣但同时也容易被，务必做好应对，虚心接受老师建议，切忌在面试和老师百花争鸣。同类型问题归纳：1、在毕业以后你想做些什么?2、你对自己未来五年有什么样的规划?3、你今后想从事什么方向的学习？为什么？4、你这么优秀，有考虑过出国读研吗?5、你是否有出国的打算?你对出国有什么看法?第四类：专业知识测试类典型问题：你看过xx学者的XX书吗？踩坑回答：死搬硬套直接背诵。小编说：背诵默写不是应该在初试中就完成的吗？在面试你还直接背诵是想直接告诉老师你是应试型学生吗？避坑回答：提炼核心观点，逻辑清晰条理分明地去论述，切忌长篇大论，泛泛空谈，一问三不知。踩坑回答：不好意思老师，我没看过。小编说：虽然诚实是个好品质，但是这么说气氛就尴尬了哈。避坑回答：不好意思老师，我没有看过xx学者xx，但我阅读过xx学者的其他著作。其中，对xx印象尤其深刻……同类型问题归纳： 1、你看过哪些本专业相关的期刊或书本？2、你最近读过那些专业书或者论文？3、平时在看哪些书/哪些著作/哪些期刊？4、你看过XX吗?你对哪一条印象最为深刻？5、相关专业词汇或者专业术语的提问6、根据最近发生的事情，结合报考专业，说一说你的看法。7、你所知道的本专业近年来所取得的重大突破是什么?第五类：本科生活回顾类问题五：个人经历/大学四年都做了些什么？踩坑回答：好像什么都没做，感觉四年很快就过去了。小编说：类似这些毫无生气的回答只会传递给人负面信息，完全看不到你在大学里学习、实践、爱好、实习等等方面的生活，也不能展现你的闪光点。避坑回答：可以结合自己的特长爱好和个人经历，就某次难忘经历具体谈谈，展现出自己的闪光点。也可就某次经历引出研究问题研究方向。小编说：这个问题答得好可以让老师看到你的时间管理能力、特长爱好、心理素质等等。不要让老师觉得你是浑浑噩噩无所事事的人。同类型问题归纳： 1、大学四年都做了些什么? /如何评价你的大学生活？2、本科让你觉得最自豪的事情是什么？3、你大学期间课余都做什么?读了哪些书?4、你本科考的比较好和比较差的科目?5、本科让你觉得最自豪的事是什么?6、你懂什么语言?水平如何?7、你考研英语这么高，六级怎么没过？8、你对自己的学习成绩满意吗?9、你曾取得的最大成就是什么?10、 对于你至今所取得的进步你是怎样看?11、你本科成绩怎么那么差?12、你本科期间最喜欢的课程是什么？13、通过本科专业的学习你学到了什么？第六类：毕业设计类典型问题：请你简单说说你的毕业论文踩坑回答：说实话师兄实在想不出这个问题同学们还会怎么踩坑，这已经是个非常具体不宽泛的问题了！避坑回答：准备好500字左右的毕业论设计的概括，其中毕业设计的灵感来源、写作思路、设计理念、表达思想、研究方法等。如果你是跨专业的考研党，可以先大致说说你本科的学习与研究，然后再结合本科专业，找到交叉点，说说对跨考专业的研究的一些启示。同类型问题归纳： 1、谈谈你的毕业论文/毕业设计。2、介绍一下你的本科毕设？请详细说明。3、你认为一篇优秀的论文需要具备哪些要素？4、你的毕业论文进展怎么样啦？5、你这个论文的选题思路是怎么样的？为什么选这个题目呀？想要解决什么问题？6、做过什么调研工作？会用什么研究方法？7、毕业实验做了什么?为什么这样做?觉得这样做有依据吗?概述一下自己的毕业论文。第七类：自我评价类典型问题：说说你的爱好特长和优缺点？踩坑回答：我没有什么特别的特长，平常喜欢看看电影听听歌看看书。我的优点是xxx，我的缺点是xxx。小编说：写到这里呢，不得不说一句了，有的同学呢，缺点就是太实诚！啥都心里话都往外说。避坑回答：我平常喜欢xx，我喜欢xx是因为……(这里可以举一件让你印象深刻的事）虽然xx只是我的爱好，作为我生活中的一小部分存在，但我从中收获了……我学习能力强、有责任心、吃苦耐劳、沟通能力好，不过有时候可能需要一些鞭策或者压力让我更有执行力。在以后的学习中我会更加努力提高执行力和做事效率。同类型问题归纳： 1、说说你的座右铭、你最喜欢的一本书、你的偶像等等2、你的爱好/特长/优缺点是什么3、你觉得自己哪方面能力比较突出?4、怎样证明你比别人优秀？5、你的优势是什么?你如何利用这些优势的?第八类：考研结果类典型问题：如果这次面试没有通过呢？小编说：这个问题呢大牙看到很多同学都说不知道要怎么说，觉得是死亡问题。其实这是典型的考察抗压能力的题，同学们呢也不要害怕，冷静回答就好。避坑回答：如果没有通过面试，我会觉得很遗憾，因为我对xx专业非常感兴趣，也非常喜欢xx学校，我非常希望能在贵校学习，在这个领域不断深耕。考研期间我非常努力，付出了很多，（此处可以举例子说说自己是如何坚持下来的）。但是，虽然有遗憾有难过，我也依然会复盘这场经历，认真分析反思自己的不足，努力调整状态做好下一步打算，这次的经历也是我未来的宝贵财富。同类型问题归纳： 1、如果这次面试没有通过呢？2、如果你没被录取会怎样?3、我为什么要录取你？4、如果你失败了, 你未来打算做什么?5、如果这次面试没通过呢，你会二战吗？6、你认为自己复试的表现如何？7、你在考研中遇到过困难吗？8、你在过去的备考中，遇到的最困难的事是什么？你是如何解决的？第九类：师生关系类典型问题：如果你和导师意见不合，你会怎么办？小编说：这个问题和上一题一样，也有些像一个钓鱼问题。太乖了吧显得你没有独立思考能力，太独立了吧显得你不服管，喜欢找事儿。避坑回答：我首先会去了解老师的想法，梳理自己的想法，了解我们意见不合的原因，我们的分歧究竟在哪里。作为一个学生，在学术研究上肯定有很多方面欠考虑，也许分歧就是因为我考虑的不够全面。相互了解本身也是一个学习过程。找出问题之后我们可以一起确定共同目标，根据目标调节我和老师的意见。同类型问题归纳： 1、如果和老师发生矛盾怎么解决，你的研究兴趣和老师的要求方向冲突怎么办?2、几位导师，你提前了解过么?3、有意向导师么?为什么想选他?你对他的研究方向有了解么?4、你最喜欢和什么样的人共事，为什么?第十类：针对本校生典型问题：你为什么考本校？小编说：这部分我们就不做赘述了，其实原理和第一个问题是一样的，所不同的是，由于是本校，老师可能会提一些较日常的问题，同学们也要注意避坑，不要答得太随意。建议同学们不要因为本校就掉以轻心，有的同学在学校呆了四年连校长名字都不知道，这就太说不过去了，本校的一些优势、历史自己要去看看。同类型问题归纳： 1、你说一下在座的老师各叫什么名字？2、你已经在这个学校四年了，你对这个学校有什么印象？3、几个月不见怎么长胖了这么多?4、你会怎么向你的外校同学介绍下你的学校吗？5、你能谈谈你自己的大学吗?6、我们学校校训是什么？最后，小编还为同学们整理了八条面试中的禁忌，切忌在面试中出现这种低级错误！八不要不要说自己联系过某导师。联系过心里知道就可以了，说出来其他老师尴尬你联系的老师也尴尬。不要说自己联系过学长学姐。应该没有同学这么傻吧？不要在老师面前说本科学校的不是。这样会让老师觉得你毫无操守。不要夸别的学校很优秀。每个人都觉得自己的东西好，你在这个学校面前夸别的学校，你怎么不去报考别的学校呢？不要说话太“精明”。太精明的孩子显得很社会，老师更喜欢脚踏实地的孩子。不要和复试老师产生学术冲突。面试不是学术百花争鸣的地方，一定要虚心接受老师建议指正。不要卖惨也不要过分谈梦想。考研面试不是演艺节目，需要你一把鼻涕一把泪。不要过分夸大个人经历和水平。夸大一时爽，火葬场。小编建议，同学们结合自身具体情况，可以对照小编整理好的问题写一写答题框架，以便面试时临阵不乱。毕竟好记性不如烂笔头～愿大家都能实现心中所愿，考上自己心仪的理想院校！1，多所高校发布考研复试细则：清华考研复试对头发有要求2，考研复试的着装需要注意什么？声明：转载此文是出于传递更多信息之目的。若有来源标注错误或侵犯了您的合法权益，请作者持权属证明与本网联系，我们将及时更正、删除，谢谢。