研究生考试英语一是

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

英语是考研中一个很重要的科目，分为英语一和英语二，一般学硕考英语一，专硕考英语二，但是也有的学校专硕也要求英语一，需要在学校的招生名录上找到对应的要求，以便更有针对性的复习。考试大纲：5500大纲词汇，3%超纲词汇英一英二题型与分值注：完形填空共20小题,每小题0.5分,共10分。A阅读共20小题,每小题2分,共40分。B阅读共5小题,每小题2分,共10分。英一英二的区别考试群体英一：所有学硕英二：大部分专硕（法硕、汉语国际教育硕士、部分学校的金融硕士、医学类硕士考英一）词汇英一单词有3%的超纲单词，但不影响阅读，只是专业名词。考试重点词性为：动词和形容词，专业名词不影响动词形式，所以不影响阅读。英二近两年因专硕招生计划增加，偶尔也会出现超纲单词，近两年有些近似英一的考试方式。题材英一更为广泛，比如会出现计算机、医学类体现，2019年考人工智能（AI）出现很多女生对AI很陌生，影响整个文章的阅读。英一的规律：文章越难，选项越简单；反之，选项比较难。文章篇幅（篇幅长词汇量大，就增加了阅读的难度）英一：篇幅长，一般在500字左右英二：一般在400-500字之间，很少超过500字。翻译英一：从文章抽出5个长难句翻译，占分为10分；英一错一个关键点扣0.5分，错三个为0分。英二：全文翻译（120字-150字），15分。英二分为六个档：1、0分，二、3分，三、5分，四、8分，五、11分，六、14分。作文分：小作文和大作文大作文：英一以漫画为主（20年不变），20分，看漫画描述成作文要求180个字； 英二以图表作文为主（10年不变），15分，要求150字左右。(一)完全适用英语一的专业1、所有学术硕士全部适用(十三大门类,110个一级学科);2、8类(法律硕士含法学专业与非法学专业)专业硕士适用:临床医学(1051),口腔 医学(1052),公共卫生(1053),护理(1054),法律硕士(非法学专业)(035101),法律 硕士(法学专业)(035102),汉语国际教育(0453),建筑学(0851),城市规划(0853)。(二)完全适用英语二的专业7类 专 业 硕 士 适 用 :工 商 管 理( 1251 ),公 共 管 理 (1252 ),会 计( 1253 ),旅 游 管 理(1254), 图书情报(1255),工程管理(1256),审计(0257)。(三)选用英语一或英语二的适用专业以下23类专业硕士,初试科目的外国语考试可选择使用英语一或英语二,选择权由招生单位行使,考生不能选择初试科目。金融(0251),应用统计(0252),税务(0253),国际商务(0254),保险(0255),资产评 估(0256),社会工作(0352),警务(0353),教育(0451),新闻与传播(0552),出版(0553),艺术 (1351),工程(0852),农业推广(0951),兽医(0952),风景园林(0953),林业(0954),军事(1151), 体育(0452),应用心理(0454),文物与博物馆(0651),药学(1055),中药学(1056)(四)不适用英语一或英语二的专业学术硕士中的外国语专业及专业硕士中的翻译硕士(0551),初试外国语科目具体参照 相关规定执行,不使用英语一或英语二试卷。

可能有很多同学在考研之前都不知道考研英语还分两种吧，一种是考研英语一还有一种是考研英语二，那么我们要如何才能知道自己考哪一种呢？#加油考研人#首先我们要确定自己的报考院校和专业，然后去查专业目录，目录里就会写到底是考英语一还是英语二。一般情况下，专业型硕士考英语二，学术型考英语一，但是也有例外，比如法律类、医学类专业大部分都考英语一。所以为了更准确，大家还是去查一下自己的专业目录，以免出错。具体说说这二者的区别通常来说考研英语二是比英语一简单一些的阅读难度英语二的一篇阅读的字数在1500左右，长难句较少；英语一一篇阅读字数可能在1600左右，长难句相对于英语二来说较多一些。题型不同新题型：英语一有七选五、排序和标题对应，七选五和排序比较难，标题对应较简单，但是很少考；英语二是标题对应和多项对应，相对简单。英语一新题型——七选五英语一新题型——排序题翻译题：英语一是一篇文章挑出五句最长最难的句子来翻译，文章多偏向学术性；英语二翻一段小短文，难句不多，内容大多是故事。分值不同英语一的翻译难度大但是只有10分，作文30分；英语二的翻译有15分，作文25。复习阶段的安排英语二是从2010年才出现的，所以真题也只有从10年开始的，能刷的题也就少了。所以建议考英语二的同学可以先练英语一的真题，只做阅读，每天做一篇。做的时候不要在意正确率，做完后要翻译全文，分析文章中的每个句子的结构。英语基础不好的同学准备考研英语时可能会比较吃力，前期打基础一定要坚持，不要给自己太大压力，踏踏实实准备就好。可以网上找一些考研英语老师的网课来看，逐词逐句的理解每个句子怎么分析怎么翻译，适合基础薄弱的小伙伴复习考研英语。英语二真题一共要做3遍，第一遍翻译全文，分析句子；第二遍，重点分析做错的题目，积累常考的单词；第三遍，4篇总结做题方法和解题思路。掌握好做题时间。考英语一的同学就没必要做英语二的阅读了，可以做一下完型，因为很有可能在英语一的卷子上见到曾经英语二的考题。考英语一的同学可以从2004年以前的真题开始做起，比较简单，一定要学会分析长难句。之后再开始05年以后的真题，也要做三遍，第一遍积累单词，学会分析长难句；第二遍分析错题，反复背单词；第三遍总结解题方法。暂时先说这么多啦，希望大家能根据自己的情况合理安排复习时间，祝大家考研成功上岸！内容来源：本文由翻转英语编辑发布，转载请注明出处！

现在已经进入考研复习的中后期阶段，复习时间在一点点流逝，很多考研党也进入了考研复习疲惫期。研究生入学考试中，英语可以说是重头戏，每年都会有很多考生因为英语没过国家线而直接导致考研失败。每年考研英语的平均分数大概在四十多分，可见考研英语对于考研党来说确实是个难点。而考研英语中仔细阅读部分的四篇文章又是很让人纠结的题目，所以，今天我们就来探讨一下如果你的考研英语阅读题错误率到现在依旧居高不下，那么到底需要掌握什么样的方法才可以把阅读理解分数提高？我们一起往下看。一、几个做阅读题的错误点根据历年同学们做仔细阅读题的反馈来看，给大家总结了几个为什么做阅读题总错的原因要点。第一、词汇量太小，文章一知半解全靠猜。英语作为一门外来语言让大家进行学习，最先应该掌握的就是词汇。考研英语要求大家掌握5000单词，这个要求并不过分，而是基于考试本身给出的词汇量要求，所以词汇是首位，是应该背到考研最后一刻的任务，绝不能不在意。在词汇受限的情况下去读英语文章，最直接导致的结果就是文章读不太懂，卡壳的地方就只能去蒙，答案也只能凭感觉和猜测去选。一般这样的情况下选出的答案多半都是入坑的。第二、过度推断，无中生有。很多考研小伙伴基础不错，看文章也能看懂，但是正是因为自己能力不错，而开始过度理解文章意思，总觉得文章有深意，所以一不小心就犯了过度推理的大忌。在这里再次提醒诸位考研小伙伴，从文章中找答案，不要自己去推测和想象。第三、题目识别错误，抓错重点。考试首先就是要读得懂题目在问什么，而不是还没搞清楚人家是问原因还是结果的情况下着急做题，这样只会适得其反。那么如何读懂文章题目呢？我们可以接着往下看，找寻一些技巧。二、读懂题目每篇文章共五个问题，而问题类型可以分为六大类，分别是：细节题、段落题、全文题、猜词题、态度题、例证题。不同类型的题目有着不同的做题方式。例如对于细节题来说，首先需要在题目中找到关键词和不易替换词来作为具体定位词，然后去对应文章段落和行，一点一点去找答案和文章原文的对应部分，全部符合即正确答案。所以，大家拿到阅读题的第一反应不是读原文，而是应该先看题目，确定题目类型，再分门别类地做题。三、找准定位定位是在读懂题目的基础上所进行的下一个步骤。做阅读题最关键的部分也是最需要加强训练的部分就是找定位。定位可以说直接决定了这道题做得对还是做不对。而且在找到定位句后应该避免被其他句子干扰，读得越多，错得越多，这点经过无数验证后，证明是真理。所以，只要找到了定位句，就死抠定位，一个单词一个单词的去对应，去翻译，直到理解为止。理解原文定位句后也就能顺利找出正确答案而不被带偏。四、原文与选项的对应技巧那么，我们上面一直在说去让答案与原文对应，这个话听起来似乎简单，但是实际操作上颇有难度。一方面很多同学无法将意思相近的替换词汇对应出来，不能进行识别。另一方面就是肯定否定含义区分不明，答案是直接的否定，但是可能原文表达是疑问，间接代表着怀疑等情绪去进行部分的否定。所以当同学们理解能力有问题时，这个意思理解不到位就会使得根本选不出正确答案。那么，这其中有没有什么技巧呢？其实最简单的方法就是按照词所代表的肯定否定含义或者动词、形容词等进行连连看，多做几次这样的训练后，你就会惊人地发现以前自己疑惑的选项竟然就是文章原画的另一版本而已。以上就是根据很多学长学姐的阅读题做题技巧总结出来的，希望能够给阅读理解做题不过关的同学们一点点帮助。祝愿大家英语全部80+，考研成功！

考研英语一真题及答案【完型填空】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast.1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15 Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up关于2020考研英语一完型填空的真题及答案就分享到这里啦。回过头来看，考研是一场孤独的战斗，可能这一年都是自己一个去图书馆，一个人去食堂，一个人回宿舍……虽然过程很辛苦，但你全心全意为自己拼的样子真的很棒，不负梦想，不负自己，加油！现在2021考研的小伙伴也开始准备了，作为考研过来人，学姐给你分享一些考研英语专用书单。单词书：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》，里面单词很全，还有重点，按考频划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词，你可以根据自己的情况记，先背频考词，再背基础词和其它词，记起来很省时间。真题书：英一真题推荐《考研真相》，英二真题推荐《考研圣经》，里面真题都是逐句图示分析，重点单词和句子语法都有分析，很适合英语基础弱的考研er用，完全不用担心看不懂真题~~作文书：英语一《写作160篇》英语二《写作宝中宝》，你要是英语底子比较弱，不会写作文的话，真的建议你用这个。从常用的词汇、句型、模板都给你总结了，不会写那就直接背！再用思路定律和句式方法，让你从会写作文到会写高分作文。

或许对于绝大多数的大学生来说，正在享受着悠闲的暑假，没有学习压力，没有其他的科研任务，而对于正在准备考研的大学生来说，这为期两个月的暑假应该是他们最为辛苦的时间段了，也可能是他们学生生涯中最为繁忙的一个暑假了，因为暑假是考研学生复习的黄金周，所以几乎所有的考研学生都在用心的准备专业课和公共课的复习。但是在暑假期间，复习的重点一定是考研英语的长时间、系统性、全面性的复习，因为考研英语是考研中考试科目中最令考研学生慌张的一个科目，每年都会有大量的考研学生因为英语成绩的不如意而丢失了读研的机会。只是在暑假期间，每一个考研学生都会认真地做英语真题，于是便会有考研学生在探讨，假如考研英语一能够考到60分左右的话，那么这对于考研学生来说是怎样的一个水平呢？研究生：非常优秀。相信每一个经历过考研的学生对于英语一能够考60分左右的考研学生有一个很清楚的认识，一般来说当你的英语成绩能够达到60多分时，那么你的考研英语成绩绝对不会成为你考研失败的原因，也不是考研学生的减分项。一方面，从考研初试的角度来分析。每一个考研的学生只有顺利的通过初试，才能够获得进入复试的可能，也就是说我们的初试成绩必须达到每年发布的考研国家线，只有过了国家线才有可能进入复试，而在每年的考研国家线中13个大学科中的英语国家线，60分左右的英语成绩绝对可以顺利的通过国家线。因此，当考研的学生能够在考研英语中获得60多分的成绩话，英语单科成绩绝对不会成为我们进入复试的拦路虎。另一方面，从考研复试的角度来分析。考研复试中最具有独特性的便是我们考研学生所熟知的34所自主划线院校，因为这些高校的考研复试线在划定中都会远远的高于国家线，尤其是考研英语复试线，这些高校的英语复试线一般是在50分到55分之间，因此当你的考研英语成绩达到60多分的时候，你便更有可能进入34所自主划线院校的复试环节。同时，在其他高校的复试中英语成绩也会有一定的积极作用，毕竟能够有这样的分数，一般来说自身的英语水平不会特别的差，所以在复试中也会为自己增光填色。此外，考研英语一难度较大，60分属于良好。考研英语中分英语一和英语二，只不过两者之间因为考试试题类型不同、针对考生不同，所以试题难度也有不同，考研英语一的难度要远远的高于考研英语二的难度，所以能够考60多分属实不易了。记得自己当初考研的时候也仅仅只是考了56分，但是那都是费了九牛二虎之力，将大把的时间放到了考研英语的复习上，最终也没有考到60分，所以自认为英语一能够考到60多分属实可以了。总之，对于考研学生来说，不仅仅希望自己的英语成绩能够优秀，也希望自己的总成绩更加的给力，所以只要你的英语成绩能够达到60多分，那么在英语方面不管是初试还是复试都可以轻松过关，最后被顺利的录取。

2020考研英语今天下午结束，在考研英语考试结束后很多考生都在吐槽今年考研英语的难度太大，尤其是考研英语一的难度比较大，一些考生在考完了英语后已经决定要考研二战，一些考生考完英语后认为整个卷子自己就只会写作文而已，而英语完形填空、阅读理解、新型题、翻译题的难度都比较大，因此有部分考生认为2020考研英语一的难度为历年最高，比过去考研英语最难的年份还要难。那么2020考研英语一试题太难吗？考生：整个卷子就只会做英语作文。首先来分析考研英语一的完形填空来看，难度不是很大，至少完形填空的难度与过去十年的完形填空难度相比没那么大，考察的很全面，考生想要全部做对也很难，但是如果想做对一半难度不大。考虑到完形填空这部分题往往是考生最后才开始做，所以一些考生会因为时间紧张而慌忙做题导致错误率比较高，客观的讲完形填空难度和去年持平。其次分析考研一英语作文，考研英语一的小作文和大作文难度都不大，都是考生复习考研英语作文时候经常会面对到的话题，考生在考场上看到这些英语作文题目的时候，肯定不会那么的紧张，只需要把自己记住的短语词汇和句子正确运用就好。和2019考研英语一作文难度对比来看，2020考研英语一作文难度不大，题型属于常规题型。再次分析考研英语一阅读理解，在四篇阅读理解中前两篇的阅读理解难度比较大，后两篇的考研英语阅读理解难度比较小，如果考生一开始就做第一篇考研英语一阅读理解估计心理防线会崩溃，会影响考生的考研发挥，综合来看前两篇考研英语一阅读理解难度要比后面两篇考研英语一阅读理解难度高出30%左右，而2020考研英语阅读理解与2019考研英语阅读理解对比来看，今年考研英语一阅读理解难度要高一些，阅读理解比较差的同学在这部分失误比较多，想得高分不容易。最后分析考研英语一的翻译题和新型题，翻译题难度不大，会有一部分生僻单词比如文艺复兴的英语单词考生会觉得比较难，但是客观讲这个单词也属于考研常见的单词，考生不应该不认识这个单词。翻译题的长难句、词汇和往年相比难度有提高自己但是难度不大，考生只需要正常发挥就可以。而考研英语一的新型题今年考生觉得比较难，在各个选项之中徘徊，不知道选择哪一个，个人认为新型题的难度比去年考研英语一的新型题难度大，很多学生很容易在这部分题失分。综上所述，2020考研英语一整体难度并没有突破历年之最，也并不是最难的，具体来看考研英语一的完形填空、作文题、翻译题难度与往年一样，但是阅读理解和新型题给考生带来了难度，因此2020考研英语一试题难度与2019年考研英语一相比确实难度有所提高。

2021年考研英语，今天下午已经考试结束，在考完英语以后，很多考生都在吐槽今年的考研英语试题难度比较大，很多考生反映考研完形填空和阅读理解，以及英语作文难度比较大。一些考生担心今年考研国家线还会提高，而自己的考研成绩又不好，害怕自己因为考研英语成绩不好，导致最终没有考上研究生。那么其实硕士研究生期间用英语的地方不多，但是为何考研还要考英语呢？作为老师认为主要原因有3点。第一点，考研英语的区分度比较高。在考研的4门科目当中，考研政治和考研专业课，一般考生都可以通过国家线。而每年报考的考生比较多，像2021年考研报考人数就达到了377万人，但是考研录取人数大概只有100万人，这就意味着经济有260多万的考生会沦为炮灰。为此又在几百万的考生当中选取适合读研的考生难度比较大，而考研英语的区分度比较高，容易筛选出适合考研的学生。第二点，考研英语的试题设置有一定的科学含义。在考研试题当中，试题的设置有一定的科学含义，尤其是考研英语的阅读理解，重在考查考生的逻辑思维能力。而研究生期间重在考察学生是否有创新创造的能力，而这一能力的体现主要通过考生的逻辑思维来观察，因此一个考生如果逻辑缜密有条理性，那么他的考研英语阅读理解很容易得高分。为此考研英语成为了辨别考生是否具有逻辑思维的重要标志之一。第三点，虽然客观上讲研究生期间使用英语的地方并不多，但是这并非意味着英语就没有任何用处。说是在研究生期间需要通过阅读外围文献来了解整个学科内容的发展趋势，有利于和国外学术界进行交流沟通。如果考生考上研究生以后，英语能力比较差，阅读和听说能力不高，那么就很难进一步的钻研世界前沿的科学文化知识，很难创造出学术价值。为此基于以上3点理由考研，还是必须要考英语。同时我们可以看到考研英语的难度还是在不断的提高。从近10年考研报考人数观察来看，考研报考人数增加的幅度很大。但是考研英语的国家线变化的幅度并不大。即使考虑到研究生扩招的因素，背后其实也折射出考研英语试题难度的提高，考生想得高分并不容易。2021年考研英语已经结束，考生明日就考专业课或者数学。考生一定要做好考试，准备认真备考。对此大家还有哪些不同的看法？

英语在研究生考试中的地位无需多言， 可以说每年单科不过国家线的同学大部分都是卡在了英语上，而一旦英语过不了国家线，那么只能遗憾退场，明年再来了（除非专业课极其优秀，可申请破格复试，这种情况成功率极低）。其中单科复试线指的是英语或者政治单科。A区考生哲学，英语一最低要求42分；经济学，英语一最低要求49分；法学，英语一最低要求44分；教育学(不含体育学)，英语一最低要求44分；文学，英语一最低要求51分；历史学，英语一最低要求44分；理学，英语一最低要求41分；工学(不含工学照顾专业)，英语一最低要求39分；农学，英语一最低要求34分；医学(不含中医类照顾专业)，英语一最低要求43分；军事学，英语一最低要求37分；管理学，英语一最低要求49分；艺术学，英语一最低要求38分；体育学，英语一最低要求35分；工学照顾专业③，英语一最低要求35分；中医类照顾专业④，英语一最低要求42分；享受少数民族照顾政策的考生⑤，英语一最低要求30分；A区英语一国家线最高要求是文学51分，最低享受少数民族照顾政策的考生30分。B区考生哲学，英语一最低要求39分；经济学，英语一最低要求46分；法学，英语一最低要求41分；教育学(不含体育学)，英语一最低要求41分；文学，英语一最低要求48分；历史学，英语一最低要求41分；理学，英语一最低要求38分；工学(不含工学照顾专业)，英语一最低要求36分；农学，英语一最低要求31分；医学(不含中医类照顾专业)，英语一最低要求40分；军事学，英语一最低要求34分；管理学，英语一最低要求46分；艺术学，英语一最低要求35分；体育学，英语一最低要求32分；工学照顾专业③，英语一最低要求32分；中医类照顾专业④，英语一最低要求39分；享受少数民族照顾政策的考生⑤，英语一最低要求30分；B区英语一国家线最高要求是文学48分，最低享受少数民族照顾政策的考生30分。但是，即使你超过了英语国家线，很多重点院校还会在此基础上设立复试基本线，简称“校线”，以此来选择优秀的考生，特别是34所自划线院校，对英语分数要求更高。以2019年北京大学为例：北京大学复试基本要求北京大学 2019 年硕士研究生招生复试基本分数线：北京大学2019年英语一复试基本分数线最低要求55分，不论你报考哪类专业，学术学位研究生英语最低要求都是55分，低于55分直接无法进入复试。为何英语在研究生考试中如此特殊，要求如此之高呢？特别是学术学位研究生，学术型研究生的培养目标是高层次学术研究型专门人才，研究生期间需要阅读大量的中英文文献，研究学术知识，特别是一些专业，没有一定的英语基础，很难有更深一步的进展。因此我们考生在报考目标院校时要注意所报考学校的分数要求，根据自身英语水平，选择一所合适的学校！