新编考研英语阅读理解

昨天2020考研英语考试结束后，很多学生都在讨论今年考研英语的难度怎样，尤其是考研英语阅读理解很多学生说自己当时在考场上没有看明白，前两篇自己基本上都是蒙的，后两篇基本上还可以读懂，为此为了验证考生关于2020考研英语阅读理解的难度，老师我今天亲自做了2020考研英语阅读理解，在做完以后，感觉今年考研英语其实难度并不大，考察学生逻辑思维推理能力和阅读能力，生僻词汇也不多，阅读理解的单词和词汇完全在考研词汇范围以内。2020考研英语一阅读理解试题分析，难度不大，试题考察全面。第一篇阅读理解在四篇阅读理解当中属于难度最大的，但是难度最大并不代表不能做对，第一篇阅读理解词汇会比较生疏，但是考生大致应该可以读明白，是关于“town of culture”为主题的阅读，试题第21-25中，第21题、第24题、第25题属于常规难度题型，试题设置的四个选项迷惑性并不大，尤其是考察坐着态度的第25题基本上属于送分题，即使文章没看懂，但是大概看一遍也可以了解作者的态度。第23题和第24题属于拉开成绩的试题，在原文中难以找到答案，需要考生结合文章语句进行逻辑推理才能判断。考生做对3个试题的难度不大。第二篇阅读理解是关于科学和论文出版方向的阅读理解，文章生僻词汇量小，第26-30题的选项设置没有第一篇的难度大，整篇文章共5段，考生阅读起来难度不大。第26题考察原因，在第一段就可以得出正确答案。第27题属于推理性试题，结合文章的第二段和第三段就可以得出答案，难度并不大。第28题考察作者的态度，也属于送分题。第29题属于细节题，需要考生在第段落中寻找答案，考生如果心理状态紧张就很难做对。第30题属于寻找特征题，需要从整篇文章来分析，难度不大。个人认为考生应该做对4-5个题。第三篇阅读理解是关于美国女性平等法案的文章，文章第一段阅读生僻词汇多，但是以后的段落阅读难度并不大，第31题考察作者观点或者态度，基本上第一段找出答案，第一段最后一句话意思其实已经变大了作者的态度。第32题考察法案的哪一个选项是正确的，我们从第4段已经可以知道unconsitision意思是不符合宪法的意思，已经可以得出答案。第33题在第7段中可以得出正确答案，这类举例题的答案依据就在上一句。第34题难度比其他题难度大一些，第35题需要从整篇文章阅读以后才能得出答案，结合文章意思可以得出答案。个人认为应该做对4个题，难度不大。第四篇阅读理解是关于法国征收数字税的文章，文章阅读难度不大，在四篇阅读理解中应该是最容易的一篇。第36题考察法国征收数字税的目的，从第一段第一句就可以得出答案。第37题需要从第二段中推理，但是难度也不大，可以看到征收数字税会导致美国的反应可以得出答案。第38题考生容易做错，但是属于考生平时练习经常做过的试题，从第四段最后一句可以得出答案。第39题需要从第五段中寻找答案，但是文章中并没有直接给出答案，但是可以看到经济组织的当前工作充满不确定性。第40题考察文章主题，需要选择正确文章题目，难度不大，考生只要紧紧抓住文章主题数字税就可以得出正确答案。个人认为这篇阅读理解正常情况下考生应该做对5个。以上就是2020考研英语一阅读理解四篇文章的试题分析，可以说难度并不大，并没有考生考完以后所说的难度难，考生只要平时多做题就会得高分，四篇阅读理解无论是长难句，还是选项的迷惑性都在历年考研真题中属于中等水平试题考察的做题技巧都很全面，难度并没有超过以往的难度。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

本文是2013年考研英语试卷阅读理解Part A的Text 2部分。本文主要讲述了网络隐私问题，就“在线行为广告”引发的争议展开论述，随后追溯了争议的相关解决方案。An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half.老话说的好，广告费的一半是浪费了的——问题是，没人知道哪一半浪费掉的。In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reced.在互联网时代，至少在理论上，这一浪费的部分能够减少。By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.通过观察人们搜索什么，点击什么，在网络上说什么，公司能够瞄准那些更容易购买的客户投放“行为”广告。26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:第一段表明，“行为”广告帮助广告商：[A] ease competition among themselves缓和他们之间的竞争[B] lower their operational costs降低运营成本[C] avoid complaints from consumers避免消费者的抱怨[D] provide better online services提供更好的网络服务答案：B。解析：第一句就指出了，广告费花费了有一半被浪费掉了。后面指出互联网时代广告费用大幅减少，因为公司（广告商）能够将“行为”广告投放给最有可能购买的人群。由此可知，“行为广告”能帮助广告商“降低运营成本”这句话最符合题意。In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?在过去几周，一场争论表明这些精准信息对于广告商的价值：广告商应该假定用户乐于被追踪并且收到这些广告吗？或者应该获得用户明确的准许？In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed .在2010年12月，美国联邦贸易委员会建议提出一个“禁止追踪”的选项加入到网络浏览器中，以便用户能告诉广告商他们不想被“追踪”。Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is e to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the instry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.微软的IE浏览器和苹果的Safari浏览器提供了“禁止追踪”选项；谷歌的Chrome浏览器在今年准备提供这样的功能。2月，联邦贸易委员会和数字广告联盟同意该行业尽快对“禁止追踪”这一请求作出回应。27. “The instry” (Line 6, Para.3) refers to:“该行业”指的是：[A] online advertisers在线广告商[B] e-commerce conctors电子商务运营[C] digital information analysis数字信息分析者[D] internet browser developers网络浏览器开发商答案：D。解析：FTC和DAA一致认为the instry会对DNT要求迅速做出回应。前面又指出FTC提议在浏览器上添加DNT选项，可见这个提议的动作执行者在浏览器开发商。可见FTC和DAA提议的the instry就是浏览器开发商。On May 31st Microsoft set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version e to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.微软在五月31日率先发起讨论，它表明随windows8一起发布的IE 10，将把“禁止追踪”选项设为默认状态。Advertisers are horrified .广告商慌神了。Human nature being what it is,most people stick with default settings.人性本质上是，大多数人还是坚持默认设置的。Few switch DNT on now,but if tracking is off it will stay off.很少人会打开DNT选项，但是如果“追踪”是关闭的那么它就一直关闭了。Bob Liodice,the chief executive of the Association of National Advertisers,says consumers will be worse off if the instry cannot collect information about their preferences.国家广告协会会长Bob Liodice 表示，如果这个行业不能收集消费者们的偏好信息，消费者的情况将会更糟。People will not get fewer ads,he says.“They’ll get less meaningful,less targeted ads.人们看到的广告不会更少，他们会得到更多的“无意义的”、更不精确的目标广告。28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a defaultBob Liodice坚称设置“禁止追踪”为默认选项[A] may cut the number of junk ads可能减少垃圾广告[B] fails to affect the ad instry对这个行业没有影响[C] will not benefit consumers对消费者不利[D] goes against human nature违反人性答案：C。解析：Bob Liodice指出了消费者的情况会更糟糕，收到的广告不会变少，反而会出现更多无意义的广告。所以C正确。It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond.还不清楚广告商怎么回应。Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so.收到“DNT”信号并不能迫使企业去停止追踪，尽管一些企业承诺会这么做。Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.由于不能分辨出用户是拒绝“行为”广告还是他们只是坚持微软的默认选项，一些企业可能忽略“禁止追踪”的信号并且继续追踪。29. which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?根据第六段，下面哪一个是正确的？[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose“禁止追踪”可能不能取得预期目标[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT广告商更希望执行“禁止追踪”选项[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers“禁止追踪”在消费者之中并不流行[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads广告商有责任提供“行为”广告答案：A。解析：公司收到DNT信号并不意味着一定要求停止追踪，而且由于他们不清楚消费者心理，可能也会对DNT默认信号加以忽略。由此，DNT并不能达到限制公司获取用户在线行为信息的目的。所以A合适。Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone.并且也不清楚为什么微软一意孤行的发起行动。After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how.毕竟，它也有商业广告业务。据称这些业务也遵守“禁止追踪”选项设定。不过还在具体怎样实施还在研究当中。If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising，it has chosen an indirect method: there is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm.如果它是想让谷歌不高兴，谷歌的业务几乎全靠广告支持。它选择了一个不太直接的方式，没有保证说能将“‘禁止追踪’设为默认状态”成为行业规范。DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other procts favorably with Google's on that count before.“禁止追踪”看起来也不能成为Windows 8的巨大卖点，尽管此前这个公司将旗下一些产品与谷歌的进行了有利对比。Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, blogged:" we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?Brendon Lynch，微软首席隐私官，在博客中写道：我们相信消费者将有更多的控制权。真的那么简单吗？30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:作者对Brendon Lynch在博客中所说的态度是：[A] inlgence纵容[B] understanding理解[C] appreciation欣赏[D] skepticism怀疑答案：D。解析：Brendon Lynch说消费者应该拥有更多控制权，但是作者后面又反问：真的那么简单吗？可见，作者对Brendon Lynch的观点是怀疑的。

题材标签:教育难度等级: ★★★☆☆出题思路: 模拟2017年考研阅读Text 1短文出处:www.washingtonpost.com/opinions, 2018/5/16Text 11 When you are a writer who learns a beloved author has a dark side, you experience waves of disillusionment. When you teach that author’s work, you feel an additional stab of concern: What about my syllabus? As intellectual property goes, a great syllabus is a gold mine. Or perhaps a better metaphor would be a Jenga Game. Take away too many supporting pieces and the whole thing will topple.2 Do we continue to teach the work of people we now suspect of behaving unethically or abusively? News stories have suggested prominent writer Díaz may have acted in predatory ways. The Pulitzer Prize Board has launched an investigation of past Pulitzer winner Díaz regarding allegations that include forcibly kissing one author and verbally bullying another. As a reader, I’m devastated. As a teacher, I’ve got decisions to make.3 “Writers in Print and Person,” my class at American University, where I often adjunct, invites undergraates to alternate sustained analysis of a book with the opportunity to meet and question the author. Most of our craft learning is subsequently channeled through eight to 10 books assigned for annotation, a selection tailored to students indivially. Because of the particular scope of my responsibilities, and these modes of student learning, I have always emphasized the writer as a fully dimensioned being. What do I do when those dimensional flaws are revealed?4 Here’s what I can’t do: pretend that this is not happening. Much of the economy surrounding a contemporary writing career rests not just in what that author does on the page but what the person says at the microphone and in the classroom. I’ve never been a full-time academic. Yet I’ve served as a writer-in-residence four times. In other words, I cross paths with thousands of students, many of whom tell me about theiraspirations of becoming writers.5 These are students who wait in line afterward, sometimes for hours, so that the author can sign their copy of the book we put on the syllabus. These are the students who nervously apply for a faraway workshop, and then hustle to cover the expenses, so that they can work with a celebrated writer. These are the students who trust in both that writer’s aesthetic expertise and best intentions.6 I look back with deep regret at times I’ve recommended someone as a mentor, editor or visiting writer, unaware of a history of abusive attitudes.1. The well-known writer Díaz is mentioned to _____.A. stress he is a Pulitzer winnerB. reveal he fought an authorC. illustrate some writers have unethical behaviorsD. explain why I moved his works out of my syllabus.2. Which of the following is “my teaching method”?A. I ask my students to meet the writer to analyze his book.B. I want my students to understand the writer from different dimensions.C. Students are required to read eight to 10 books to find indivial taste.D. One of my responsibilities is to help students find the writer’s flaws.3. The word “aspiration” (Para. 4) is closest in meaning to _____.A. hateB. cheatingC. sadnessD. ambition4. What kind of students is mentioned here?A. The students who are eager to get the writer’s signature whose book on the syllabus.B. The students who want to join in a workshop.C. The students who have the same aesthetic expertise as the writer.D. The students who can publish an expensive book.5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Teach an Abusive Writer’s Work?B. Writer in Print and PersonC. How to Prepare a SyllabusD. My Regret答案：CBDAA出题思路：【1】The well-known writer Díaz is mentioned to .A. stress he is a Pulitzer winnerB. reveal he fought an authorC. illustrate some writers have unethical behaviorsD. explain why I moved his works out of my syllabus.这里想出一道 “论证型推理题”，也就是“论据A是为了说明论点B”这样的题目。该题的论据是由题干“the well-known writer Díaz”指向文中所述“Diaz是一个行为有问题的人”，论点则是四个选项。首先，确定正确选项：C：illustrate some writers have unethical behaviors（举例说明某些作家有不道德行为）。原文第2段开头说Do we continue to teach the work of people we now suspect of behaving unethically or abusively?（那些让我们现在怀疑行为粗暴、不道德的作家，我们是否继续教授他们的作品呢？）第2句话，作者并没有急于回答这个问题，而是举例什么人是那些不道德的作家。就提到News stories have suggested prominent writer Díaz may have acted in predatory ways.（新闻报道已经暗示著名作家迪亚兹可能有强暴式行为。）所以，Diaz就是前文提到的那些unethically or abusively中的一员。作者提到Diaz就是想举例说明的确有作家行为不道德，而不是作者自己的臆测。其次，设计干扰选项：选项A利用原文中Pulitzer winner一词，让那些没读懂文章，想蒙对答案的人上当。选项B的fought an author是对原文中bullying another的近义转写，让那些迷信“同义转述”的人上当。选项D利用第1段的syllabus迷惑考生。【2】Which of the following is “my teaching method”?A. I ask my students to meet the writer to analyze his book.B. I want my students to understand the writer from different dimensions.C. Students are required to read eight to 10 books to find indivial taste.D. One of my responsibilities is to help students find the writer’s flaws.这里想考第3段。发现第3段教学方法讲的很详细，就出一道多细节题，即每个选项对应一个细节，但错误选项在细节描述上不准确。首先，确定正确选项： B: I want my students to understand the writer from different dimensions.（我想让我的学生从不同角度理解作者）对应于原文I have always emphasized the writer as a fully dimensioned being.（我一直强调作者是一个全方位的存在）。出题技巧是paraphrase（同义转述）。其次，设计干扰选项：选项A利用meet来迷惑考生。在选项A中，因为没有上下文语境，所以meet the writer就是真正和writer“面对面”的见面。而原文中invites undergraates to alternate sustained analysis of a book with the opportunityto meet and question the author. （邀请本科生对一本书进行交替持续的分析，让他们有机会去认识和质疑作者）。原文中meet是学生和作者在“书中”见面，学生通过分析作品，了解作者。这种迷惑选项叫“去语境化”，也就是说原文中的词一定是“带语境”的词义，而选项中的词是“去语境”的词义，这两个词义不一样。选项C的设计是考虑到原文中与C对应的是一个难句，考察学生是否真的读懂了这个句子。读懂了，就不会选C。没读懂，因为数字10很醒目，就很可能选C。原文Most of our craft learningissubsequently channeledthrough eight to 10 books assigned for annotation, a selectiontailored to students indivially. 这句话的主要部分是Most of our craft learning is channeled (我们大部分写作技巧的学习被引导)。后面是through…books…, selection…（通过书和选集被引导）。什么样的书和选集呢？由被动的assigned, tailored修饰（被布置作业要求写注释的书引导，被针对学生个性化定制的选集引导）整个句子的翻译是：然后，让学生读八到十本书并做注释。我们大部分写作技巧的学习是通过这八到十本书的引导进行，这些书构成的选集是针对学生个性化定制选择的。选项D是用flaws做干扰，迷惑考生。【3】The word “aspiration” (Para. 4) is closest in meaning to _____.A. hate B. cheating C. sadness D. ambition这里出一道猜词题。对于出题老师来说，出这样的题比较轻松。词的意义一般要从上下文猜。这道题aspiration虽然出现在第4段，但它的意义要从第5段对那些学生的描写得出，知道学生们多么渴望成为作家，才能猜出ambition（雄心）这个含义。干扰项在这里没有太多设计。【4】What kind of students are mentioned here?A. The students who are eager to get the writer’s signature whose book on the syllabus.B. The students who want to join in a workshop.C. The students who have the same aesthetic expertise as the writer.D. The students who can publish an expensive book.这里又是一道多细节题，因为第5段提到学生们的多种经历。首先，确定正确选项：A: The students who are eager to get the writer’ssignature whose book on the syllabus.（学生渴望获得那些大纲上列出的书的作者的签名）因为原文：These are students who wait in line afterward, sometimes for hours, so that the author can sign their copy of the bookwe put on the syllabus. （这些学生是有时排队等候几个小时，只为了让教学大纲上的某本书的作者能够在书上签名。）其次，设计干扰选项：选项B用workshop迷惑考生，原文的重点不是学生参加workshop，而是“想和作者一起”参与workshop。选项C用aesthetic expertise迷惑，但意思和原文无关。选项D用expensive和expenses词形相似迷惑，意思和原文也无关。【5】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Teach an Abusive Writer’s Work?B. Writer in Print and PersonC. How to Prepare a SyllabusD. My Regret这里想出一道主旨题。这种题比较难出，主要是错误选项要有迷惑性，但又要与正确答案有区别，还要反映出读者一些错误的主旨总结习惯，所以比较难出。正确选项要出得大家都没有异议也有一定难度。首先，确定正确选项：A：Teach an Abusive Writer’s Work?（要教授行为粗鲁的作者的作品吗？） 因为第1段，第2段作者都提出了这个问题，但后面也没有答案。说明这就是作者文章的中心：提出一个这样的困惑。这篇文章的关键词是“writer”，这个词一定会包含在正确答案中。其次，设计干扰选项：所有干扰项设计采用了同一个策略，就是从段首句找醒目词。选项B是第3段的开头，但Writer in Print and Person只是作者开设的一门课程的名称。选项C利用Syllabus一次将考生目光引向第1段，但第1段作者提出Syllabus（大纲）的问题，只是作为引言，引起大家想象，如果大纲里很多作品的作者都有问题，那么大纲岂不要重写了吗？就像叠叠高游戏一样，很多支撑木块都抽掉后，叠叠高的塔就倒掉了。选项D利用regret一词将考生目光引向最后一段，但这一段只是作者的感慨。英汉对照：1 When you are a writer who learns a beloved author has a dark side, you experience(v.) waves of disillusionment. When you teach that author’s work, you feel an additional stab of concern: What about my syllabus? As intellectual propertygoes, a great syllabus is a gold mine. Or perhaps a better metaphor would be a Jenga Game. Take away too many supporting pieces and the whole thing will topple.当你是一位作家，知道了某位受人爱戴的作家有黑暗的一面，你会经历一波幻灭的浪潮。当你讲授这位作家的作品时，你会感到额外的担忧：我的教学大纲怎么办？随着知识产权的发展，优秀的教学大纲就是金矿。也许更好的暗喻是一种叠叠高游戏。拿走太多的支撑物，整个塔就会倒塌。2 Do we continue to teach the work of people we now suspectof behaving unethically or abusively? News stories have suggested prominent writer Díaz may have acted in predatory ways. The Pulitzer Prize Board has launched an investigation of past Pulitzer winner Díaz regarding allegations that include forcibly kissing one author and verbally bullying another. As a reader, I’m devastated. As a teacher, I’ve got decisions to make.我们继续讲授那些人的作品，那些让我们现在怀疑行为不道德、粗暴的人的作品吗？新闻报道已经暗示著名作家迪亚兹可能有强暴式行为。普利策奖委员会展开了调查对曾经的普利策奖得主迪亚兹，调查关于某些指控，包括强吻一名作者和口头辱骂另一位作者的指控。作为一名读者，我非常震惊。作为一位教师，我必须做出决定。3 “Writers in Print and Person,” my class at American University,where I often adjunct, invites undergraates to alternate sustained analysis of a book with the opportunity to meet and question the author. Most of our craft learning is subsequently channeled through eight to 10 books assigned for annotation, a selection tailored to students indivially. Because of the particular scope of my responsibilities, and these modes of student learning, I have always emphasized the writer as a fully dimensioned being. What do I do when those dimensional flaws are revealed?“作品中的作者和真正的作者”是我在美国大学上的一门课，在那里我经常兼职，并邀请本科生对一本书进行交替持续的分析，让他们有机会去认识和质疑作者。然后，让学生读八到十本书并做注释，我们大部分写作技巧的学习是通过这八到十本书的引导进行，这些书形成的选集是针对学生个性化定制选择的。由于我的职责的特定范围，以及学生学习的这种模式，我一直强调作者是一个全方位的存在。当那些有瑕疵的维度被揭露时，我该做什么？4 Here’s what I can’t do: pretend that this is not happening. Much of the economy surrounding a contemporary writing career rests not just in what that author does on the page but what the person says at the microphone and in the classroom. I’ve never been a full-time academic. Yet I’ve served as a writer-in-residence four times. In other words, I cross paths with thousands of students, many of whom tell me about their aspirations of becoming writers.我知道我不能做什么：假装这一切都没有发生。围绕着当代写作生涯的许多经济效益不仅仅在于作者在书上写了什么，而且在于他在麦克风和教室里说的话。我从来不是全职的学术型学者。然而，我曾四次作为住校作家。换句话说，我和成千上万的学生不期而遇，他们中的许多人告诉我他们有想成为作家的志向。5 These are students who wait in line afterward, sometimes for hours, so that the author can sign their copy of the book we put on the syllabus. These are the students who nervously apply fora faraway workshop, and then hustle to cover the expenses, so that they can work with a celebrated writer. These are the students who trust in both that writer’s aesthetic expertise and best intentions.这些学生是有时排队等候几个小时，只为了让教学大纲上的某本书的作者能够签上名字。这些学生紧张地申请一个远在外地的工作坊，然后赶紧支付费用，以便能跟一位著名作家学习。这些学生既相信作家的美学知识，又相信他们的最佳意图。6 I look back with deep regretat times I’ve recommended someone as a mentor, editor or visiting writer, unaware of a history of abusive attitudes.我回头想想，深感遗憾的是，有时我推荐某人做导师、编辑或访问作家，并没有意识到他态度粗鲁的过去。

应该有不少伙伴在考研英语的路上举步维艰，而其中应该有很大一部分是因为阅读理解，如何解决这个难题呢？小编就为大家整理了如下如何解决阅读理解难题的技巧。首先，学会广读广读是大量的、长篇的阅读，不求甚解，一切以兴趣为依归。广读必须读得快、读得多，而且要能够长期维持阅读的习惯。基本上，广读时不查单词、不求甚解，只要大致看得懂文章在说什么、能够维持阅读的兴趣就好。在这个前提之下，广读的材料不能太难。如果阅读的文章超出自己的程度太多，必须大量查单词、分析句型才能够了解，那又会变成精读。如果养成了广读的习惯，阅读速度会比一般人讲话速度更快，这时候你已经在进行英语思考──这种速度并不容许自己有时间把每个句子变成中文。打通了阅读速度的瓶颈，也就打通了英语思考的瓶颈。而且，英语是拚音文字，阅读的时候所有的声音都在里面。只要能够习惯广读的速度，听力理解的速度自然就一并解决。关于广读的材料，选择你能读进去的就行了。其实就是两类，你感兴趣的和对你有用的。其次，要先看题干要解决模拟真实考试的问题，先读题干，再读文章，最后来做题。为什么先读题干？当然是为了找到读文章时的重点。为什么只读题干，不读选项，因为你没那么多时间，而且选项里只有25%的内容是真的，剩下75%都是干扰项。如果你不是时间特别充裕并且头脑特别清楚、抗干扰能力强，不建议你读选项。最后，根据题型，技巧分析第一种题型：定位题这种题型一般题干有很长的短语，由4、5个单词组成，在原文定位段里面可以找到原原本本的这个词组，定位题的正确选项一定是再定位的句子里面说的东西，有上一句、下一句重现的词语出来，所定位的句子里并没有说的东西，都是干扰项，一定不选。这种题型最常采用的三种命题方式：正话反说、反话正说和关键词替换，当选项中出现和原文一模一样的一大串短语，很大概率是错误的选项，因为正确的选项大多数都是将原文的意思用其他词语改写。第二种题型：猜词意在阅读理解中题型，也经常会见到给文中某一个超纲词划线，让我们根据上下文猜词意猜出其意思。首先可以根据前缀后缀猜测大体意思，排除积极或消极感情色彩不对的选项；其次联系上下句猜测意思，重点关注句子和上下文提到某个东西的关系，比如类比、反对、相似、以及带感情色彩的。第三种题型：划线、引用句子表示意思这种题型有时候会让我们说出文中划线的句子用了什么手法，在文中起到了什么作用等。这种题必须靠细读和理解，而且还有可能出现词语的重现，但可能在同一段而相距不近，所以要通读一整段，如果能在其中找到现成的重现词就更好了，我们就可以根据重现词或词义相近的单词或短语作为证据推出正确选项。第四种题型：作者观点题这种题型里，可能会问我们一些全文主要是想表达什么？或者作者对某一事物观点持有的态度、看法等。首先要学会分辨词语的感情色彩，这个方法非常重要，最主要分清两点：①积极还是消极②是主观评价、意见、观点，还是客观陈述、事实。举个例子，很多感情色彩很近的词语，作为选项感觉说的都差不多，这个时候就需要看它是主观的还是客观的。比如一个人成功了，用successful就是客观陈述，而表示对他的赞扬或者褒奖说他的结果perfect就是一个主观的评价。如果这个问题问作者认为这个人如何如何，A选项是successful，B选项是perfect，而原文中如果只是描述了这个人成功了，我们就应该选择A，如果原文中表示了作者自己的观点，就要选择B这种带主观情绪的词语。 以上只是小编整理的其中一些题型技巧，还有很多种题型等着大家哦~所以小编也建议大家平时有空也可以多刷题，毕竟像阅读理解还是可以根据多做题练出感觉的，就像小编每次问学霸英语技巧，他总是说看感觉。小伙伴们还有什么要补充的技巧分析欢迎在下方留言哦

今天2020考研英语二考试已经结束了，小编正在发布2020考研英语二真题及答案，现在已经整理出2020考研英语二真题及答案：阅读理解第一篇和第二篇、以及翻译部分，并公布出来，希望有助于大家。2020考研英语二真题及答案：完型答案1.tricky2.for example3.fortunately4.descirbe5.while6.task7.tolerant8.push9.inevitable10.harsh11.turn back12.however13.regret14.affect15.bond16.important17.confronted18.hard19.changing20.escape2020考研英语二真题及答案：阅读理解第一篇21.Copper and her colleague argue that a "town of culture" award would ___.A. consolidate the town city ties in BritainB. promote cooperation among Brain's townsC. increase the economic strength of Brain's townsD. focus Brain's limited resources on cultural events.22.According to paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as ______..A.a sensible compromiseB.a self-deceiving attemptC.an eye-catching bonusD.an inaccessible target23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it ______A. endeavor to maintain its imageB. meets the aspiration of its peopleC. brings its local arts to prominenceD. commits to its long-term growth24. “Glasgow” is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present ______A. a contrasting caseB. a supporting exampleC. a background storyD. a related topic25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?A. Skeptical B. Objective C. Favorable D. Critical2020考研英语二真题及答案：阅读第二篇26. which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?A. The growth in the number of cooperationsB. The general pay rise with a better economyC. Increased business opportunities for top firmsD. Close cooperation among leading economics27.Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to ___.A. foster a stronger sense of teamworkB. finance more reaserach and developmentC.establish closer ties with tech companiesD.operate more globalized companies28. CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite ____.A.continual internal oppositionB. strict corporate governanceC.conservative business strategiesD.repeated governance warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps ___.A.confirm the status of CEOsB.motive inside candidatesC.boost the efficiency of CEOsD.increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be ___.A.CEOs Are Not OverpaidB. CEO Pay : Past and PresentC.CEOs' Challenges of TodayD.CEO Traits: Not Easy to Define2020考研英语二真题及答案：翻译部分

考研英语总分100分，阅读部分分传统阅读理解和新题型，前者共4篇文章，每篇5道题，共计40分；后者5道题，总计10分。真可谓考研英语得阅读者得天下。因此，掌握合理的学习方法和技巧，对于我们的考研英语复习是非常重要的。我的考研英语阅读做法真题资料：考研真相 英语阅读视频资料：何凯文英语阅读我英语考的是英语一，我用的真题资料是考研真相，据说考英语二的话，有同系列的资料，叫考研圣经。我的阅读做题方法是通过看何凯文老师的视频资料学习的。他的方法是，拿到一篇英语阅读之后，做下面的工作：标题型：对一篇阅读的5道题辨别题型，区分是细节题、例证题还是推论题等等；标段落、定句数、定出处：对一篇文章标段落，统计每个段落有几句话，然后查看每道题的出处（所在的段落，题型中的关键词定位题型的来源句），比如咱们拿一篇真题阅读的题型设置来看一下具体的做法，这篇阅读共有4个段落：1.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____2.The “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____3.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____4.According to Ashe， the leading role in managing the species in______5.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______注：关键词我已画了下划线首先，通过第3个题，提示你这道题来自第三段，这样我们再通过关键词（画横线部分）来确定这道题来自于第三段具体的那一句；既然第三题来自第三段，我们可以估计第1、2题应该来自第一、二段，第4、5题应该来自第三、四段，之后就可以通过每一题的关键词来确定具体是哪一段的第几句话——这样做的好处是缩小做题搜索答案的范围。图片来自网络因题制宜：根据不同的题型，采取不同的做题方法来做题（下述）。在看了何老师的阅读题视频之后，我就开始用考研真相做题了，结果发现考研真相的阅读题解析方式和何老师的如出一辙，之后就没在看视频，专心按照考研真相的解析模式来边做边理解了。考研英语阅读的题型及解决办法例证题：例子定位，找到例子支持的论点或者主题句，读懂主题句词汇题：定位词汇题在第几句，然后将几个选项带入语句，确定最终答案细节题：定位细节题所在的具体段落、具体句数，仔细阅读确定答案推理题：需要结合整段甚至是几个段落联合得出答案。图片源自网络除了以上的题型还有观点题、态度题、判断题和指代题等题型。我现在只能按照自己的记忆说出一些大概，具体大家可以参考何老师的阅读视频或者考研真相的资料来学习。个人感觉这种方法还是很不错的，可能刚开始比较难把握，但只要勤应用会慢慢掌握的。通过这个方法我的英语阅读水平现在得到了很大的提升除了阅读方法之外，词汇量也是很重要的一步，因此也需要掌握科学的方法来提高自己的单词量，记单词的过程重点在于重复。

2021年考研英语考试昨天下午结束，在考研结束之后，很多同学都对2021年考研英语一的难度如何非常感兴趣。一些考生反映今年的考研英语阅读理解难度很大，但是也有一些考生反映，今年的考研英语阅读理解难度不高。那么2021年考研英语一阅读理解难度具体如何呢？老师通过对比过去两年的英语阅读理解，认为2021年的考研英语一阅读理解难度总体和往年持平。首先从第一篇阅读理解来看，全文一共4段，每段生疏的单词并不多长难句也很容易理解。主要讲述的是英国的地铁涨价问题，以及衍生出来的消费者问题。在5个选项当中，第1题考察作者的观点，最后一题考查文章的标题，第2题在考查第2段当中的例子。第3题和第4题都是在考察阅读的细节，题型都是考生平时训练的常规题型。而在2020考研阅读理解的第1篇阅读理解中，生疏的单词比较多，而20211年考研英语阅读理解当中的生疏单词并不多，因此难度略有下降。其次从第2篇阅读理解来看，同样难度不大。这篇文章一共分为9段，在第1段当中出现了一些陌生的词汇，考生很难理解意思，会影响考生后面段落的阅读理解情况。第1个选项直接定位在第1段，减轻了考生的寻找范围压力。第2个选项直接考察例子在文章中的作用，考生可以根据特征词汇直接返回原文中去寻找。第3个选项考察细节，考生如果考成几张很容易出错。最后一个选项更是一个送分题，考生通过阅读段落可以整体理解作者的意图。再次从第三篇阅读理解来看，一共分为6段，但是题型的设置难度却略有提高。在这篇阅读理解当中出现了一些生疏的词汇，以及长难句。这篇阅读理解考生想做全队难度很大。第1题是推论题，直接从第1段当中寻找答案。第3题和第4题属于逻辑推断题型考生，对于考生而言有难度，但是并不大。最后第4篇阅读理解主要考查的是网络宽带服务商创新与监管的问题。这篇阅读理解的阅读可能会有一些障碍，但是做题的难度并不大，第1题是细节题，主要是从低段落当中寻找答案的信息。第2题可以通过第2段来寻找定位答案。而第3题和第4题。提前设置比较类似，需要考生在上下文间寻找线索。最后一个题考察作者态度，考生容易作出选择。因此可以判断2021考研英语阅读理解难度和往年相比总体持平，题型都属于考生平时所练习的题型，细节题考察的内容当中也没有太多的干扰词汇，同时结合今年考研报考人数来看，考研英语国家线可能会有所提高。对此各位考生还有哪些不同的看法？

本文是2013年考研英语试卷阅读理解Part A的Text 1部分。本文以批判“快时尚”为主题，就“消费者应该减少购衣”抵制快时尚对劳动力和环境的损害这一观点进行反驳。In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Strep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.在2006年的电影版的《穿普拉达的女王》中，梅丽尔斯特里普所扮演的米兰达，斥责她毫无吸引力、穿衣乏味的助手，原因是助手认为高级时尚与她没有关系。Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.米兰达解释了助手身上穿的深蓝色的毛衣是怎样从时装展“沦落到”百货商店，然后又“沦落到”打折区，让这个可怜的穷孩子直接的淘换到的。21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D] lack of imagination.答案：[B] insensitivity to fashion.对时尚不敏感解析：本文知识点：因果细节题。由上文可知米兰达批评她的助手是因为助手认为时尚与她无关——也就是批评助手对时尚不敏感。[A] poor bargaining skill.砍价能力差，文中未提及。[C] obsession with high fashion.对高级时尚极度痴迷，与文中意思相反。[D] lack of imagination.缺少想象力，文中未提及。This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at oddswith the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”.这种“组织严密的”时尚经济概念早就过时了，或者和“狂热的世界（《过度着装》描述的词汇）”不一致，伊丽莎白克莱恩历时三年对“快时尚”的控诉。In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.在过去十年，技术的进步使得大众品牌如Zara,HM,和优衣库对时尚趋势反应更快并且能更精确地预测用户需求。Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit.更快的周转意味着更少的库存浪费，更多的推新和更多的利润。These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.这些商标鼓励有时尚意识的消费者把衣服看作一次性的，意味着只需要洗一两次，尽管他们并非这样宣传——每几周更新他们的衣橱。By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an instry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.克莱恩说道，通过以特别便宜的价格提供流行的商品，这些品牌绑架了时尚周期，把一个长久以来的习惯于“季节”为步伐的产业撼动了。22. According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] Tolerance.解析：答案22：D。本文知识点：人物观点细节题。上文引入对快时尚的批判，大众品牌诱导消费者将衣服看作一次性产品，可见克莱恩认为大众品牌在劝消费者频繁购衣。[A] combat unnecessary waste.反对不必要的浪费[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.将狂热的时尚界拒之门外[C] resist the influence of advertisements.拒绝广告的影响[D] shop for their garments more frequently.更频繁购买衣服答案23：A。[A] accusation.指控，指责[B] enthusiasm.热情[C] indifference.漠视[D] Tolerance.容忍The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers.这场革命的受害者，不仅仅是设计师。For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.HM给他家在世界的2300多家店面提供针织迷你短裙，它必须依靠低工资的海外劳工，订单量巨大，对自然资源过度使用，并且使用大量有害的化学物质。Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma.《过度着装》是像迈克尔普兰所写的《杂食者的困境》一样的消费者活跃分子在时尚界的同类畅销书。“Mass-proced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-rable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.批量生产的衣服，像快餐一样，满足了饥饿和需求，然而并不持久而且很浪费，克莱恩争论到，她发现美国人一年买大约200亿衣服，平均每人64件，而且无论他们怎么样捐赠，这种过量都导致浪费。Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully.在《过度着装》结尾处，克莱恩介绍她理想的典范，一个布鲁克林女性名叫萨拉，从2008年就亲手给自己制作所有的衣服，而且衣服做得很漂亮。但正如克莱恩首次提及，它花费了萨拉几十年来完善自己的手工技能，她的例子不能被复制。But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.但是正如克莱恩首次注意到的，萨拉花了几十年的时间来完善技术，她的例子不能被复制。Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.尽管一些快时尚公司在尽力减小它们在劳工和环境方面造成的不良影响，比如HM推出绿色产品系列，克莱恩依旧相信长久的变化只会来自于顾客的选择。She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.她展现出可持续发展支持者（无论是食物领域还是能源领域）共有的理想主义。Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.虚荣是永恒的，人们只会在付不起价款的时候才会开始买可持续性的产品。24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion instry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.答案：D。价格对购买环境友好型商品至关重要[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.虚荣更常见于理想主义者。[B] The fast-fashion instry ignores sustainability.快时尚行业忽视可持续发展。[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.人们对无力购买的衣服更感兴趣。25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion instry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.答案：C。批评快时尚行业。[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.对奢侈生活的讽刺[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.揭秘高级时尚的神话[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.揭露大众市场的秘密