硕士生英语考试辅导

本科的时候，学习英语这件事似乎一直被我们挂在嘴边，这是因为大学的时候大一大二要学四个学期的大学英语课程，在这样的一个环境下，每学期还时不时关注英语四六级报考的事情，可是，到了研究生期间，似乎都不怎么提学习英语的事情了，但是学习英语这件事情不应该被抛之脑后，因为英语能力在研究生生涯同样具有重要的作用下面来说说读研期间英语的重要性研究生英语课程需要不错，研究生期间会有一门课程：研究生英语，几乎每个学校都会开这样一门课程，虽然英语的学习一直是“听、说、读、写”这四个方面，但是很少有人达到熟练掌握的程度，作为一门课程，尽自己最大能力学好是理所当然，只有学好每一门课程才能获取更高的结课成绩和绩点成绩，不至于拉低自己的平均成绩分研究生期间要求所修学分一般都不怎么多，在30学分左右。通常情况来讲，研一第一学期和第二学期的上半学期开设研究生文化课程的学习，因此，每一门课程都要尽量学好。当然，很多学校有这样的文件要求：本科获得国家英语六级考试的同学可以免修研究生英语课程，期末以85分作为统一成绩，前提是必须有CET六级证书，所以换句话说，学习英语该吃的苦还是要吃，本科不努力英语，研究生期间还要努力学英文文献阅读的需要研究生期间的学习除了必修课程之外，还要做大量的文献阅读工作，理工类研究生还要做实验之类的研究。正如各位所知，论文文献的阅读不仅仅局限于中文文献，更多的前沿理论知识一般都发表在英文期刊上，因此要想尽快熟悉了解掌握所研究领域的研究状况，阅读英文文献是不可或缺的，而此时，就要求你必须具备英文阅读的能力就语言学习方面来说，英文文献的阅读反过来又是强化学习英语的一个过程，良性循环，做科研搞学术的同时又进一步提高了英语能力水平英语演讲报告的需要对于名校的研究生来说，研究生期间会参加一些国际学术会议报告等类似的学术活动，如果被选为发言代表，则多数情况下要使用英语这一官方通用型国际语言。比如用英语做PPT，这就要求英语的写能力；发言交流需要英语的听说能力，在于一些学术大咖交流时，英语听说能力就显得更为重要了。英语能力好似通往国际学术园地的一座桥，用于获取掌握国外学者在某一领域的研究状况。工作招聘的需要转眼间来到校园招聘季的时候，会看到招聘要求上多数写着：英语六级者优先之类的筛选条件，英语能力越来越被企业看中，尤其是公司业务遍及全球时，熟练精通英语这一技能显得更为重要怎么提升英语能力不要放下对于大多数研究生来说，英语“听说读写”能力应该都不是很差，最重要的一点就是不要把“学习英语”这件事放下，一旦放下了，再次捡起就很困难了坚持阅读对于大多数研究生来说，读研期间最重要的英语能力方面便是“读”这一能力，对此，每天要坚持阅读英文材料，英文材料可以是一些英文读物、英语新闻、英语单词或者英文文献，英文文献是最具有针对性的，对于某一学术领域，其必然有一些学术专有名词，因此，阅读研究方向的英文文献或许是最有益处的，一举两得综述英语的重要性不言而喻，研究生们，万万不可放下英语的学习对此你有什么观点呢？欢迎在评论区留言交流哦

现在已经进入考研复习的中后期阶段，复习时间在一点点流逝，很多考研党也进入了考研复习疲惫期。研究生入学考试中，英语可以说是重头戏，每年都会有很多考生因为英语没过国家线而直接导致考研失败。每年考研英语的平均分数大概在四十多分，可见考研英语对于考研党来说确实是个难点。而考研英语中仔细阅读部分的四篇文章又是很让人纠结的题目，所以，今天我们就来探讨一下如果你的考研英语阅读题错误率到现在依旧居高不下，那么到底需要掌握什么样的方法才可以把阅读理解分数提高？我们一起往下看。一、几个做阅读题的错误点根据历年同学们做仔细阅读题的反馈来看，给大家总结了几个为什么做阅读题总错的原因要点。第一、词汇量太小，文章一知半解全靠猜。英语作为一门外来语言让大家进行学习，最先应该掌握的就是词汇。考研英语要求大家掌握5000单词，这个要求并不过分，而是基于考试本身给出的词汇量要求，所以词汇是首位，是应该背到考研最后一刻的任务，绝不能不在意。在词汇受限的情况下去读英语文章，最直接导致的结果就是文章读不太懂，卡壳的地方就只能去蒙，答案也只能凭感觉和猜测去选。一般这样的情况下选出的答案多半都是入坑的。第二、过度推断，无中生有。很多考研小伙伴基础不错，看文章也能看懂，但是正是因为自己能力不错，而开始过度理解文章意思，总觉得文章有深意，所以一不小心就犯了过度推理的大忌。在这里再次提醒诸位考研小伙伴，从文章中找答案，不要自己去推测和想象。第三、题目识别错误，抓错重点。考试首先就是要读得懂题目在问什么，而不是还没搞清楚人家是问原因还是结果的情况下着急做题，这样只会适得其反。那么如何读懂文章题目呢？我们可以接着往下看，找寻一些技巧。二、读懂题目每篇文章共五个问题，而问题类型可以分为六大类，分别是：细节题、段落题、全文题、猜词题、态度题、例证题。不同类型的题目有着不同的做题方式。例如对于细节题来说，首先需要在题目中找到关键词和不易替换词来作为具体定位词，然后去对应文章段落和行，一点一点去找答案和文章原文的对应部分，全部符合即正确答案。所以，大家拿到阅读题的第一反应不是读原文，而是应该先看题目，确定题目类型，再分门别类地做题。三、找准定位定位是在读懂题目的基础上所进行的下一个步骤。做阅读题最关键的部分也是最需要加强训练的部分就是找定位。定位可以说直接决定了这道题做得对还是做不对。而且在找到定位句后应该避免被其他句子干扰，读得越多，错得越多，这点经过无数验证后，证明是真理。所以，只要找到了定位句，就死抠定位，一个单词一个单词的去对应，去翻译，直到理解为止。理解原文定位句后也就能顺利找出正确答案而不被带偏。四、原文与选项的对应技巧那么，我们上面一直在说去让答案与原文对应，这个话听起来似乎简单，但是实际操作上颇有难度。一方面很多同学无法将意思相近的替换词汇对应出来，不能进行识别。另一方面就是肯定否定含义区分不明，答案是直接的否定，但是可能原文表达是疑问，间接代表着怀疑等情绪去进行部分的否定。所以当同学们理解能力有问题时，这个意思理解不到位就会使得根本选不出正确答案。那么，这其中有没有什么技巧呢？其实最简单的方法就是按照词所代表的肯定否定含义或者动词、形容词等进行连连看，多做几次这样的训练后，你就会惊人地发现以前自己疑惑的选项竟然就是文章原画的另一版本而已。以上就是根据很多学长学姐的阅读题做题技巧总结出来的，希望能够给阅读理解做题不过关的同学们一点点帮助。祝愿大家英语全部80+，考研成功！

考研英语准备黄金期，四大小妙招，送给16级准备考研的你hello，这里是百度平台，我们是尖子生数理化教育，很高兴在这里又和大家见面了。借着金三银四的最佳时期，尖子生数理化教育给2016级的小伙伴们分享四个小妙招，帮你轻轻松松准备考研英语。妙招1：便利贴不可少---一天至少五个单词便利贴是记忆的最好帮手，我们常说，好记性不如烂笔头，因此，学习英语你要从便利贴开始。尖子生数理化教育建议各位2016级的小伙伴们，从便利贴记忆单词开始，每天至少要记忆五个单词。定期要对自己记忆的单词做一个系统检查。这五个单词如何选择呢？尖子生数理化教育提醒大家，从真题中常见，频率比较高，含义比较多的单词开始。先抓主干，再抓其他的！记住：不要为了记忆单词而记忆单词，多数情况下，尖子生数理化教育都是希望大家能够把单词放到课文或者语境中进行相关的记忆的，这样的效果是最好的哦！妙招2：优美词句每天积累至少三句作文在研究生考试中的分值是比较大的，作文想要写好，还在平常的积累。因此，尖子生数理化教育建议大家每天至少记忆三个句子，作文中的句子建议大家从真题中的参考作文中去找，试着自己再创新一下，改进一下，一天至少三句，定期要进行复习！妙招3：真题从2007年的开始做很多学生会发现真题到最后都没有做完，因此建议大家提早做真题，而英语科目不同于其他科目，不是只做一遍就完事的，建议大家至少做三遍或者四遍。尖子生数理化教育建议大家从2007的真题开始做起就行，没有必要开始的真题年份太早，因为英语考试一直在改革，太早年份的真题反而不具有代表性了。妙招4：每周坚持写三篇英语作文（话题要来自历届真题）我们的英语好不好，只有写了才知道。作文就是最好的表达方式，你记住了单词而不会使用，一使用就语法错误很多，那么考研的英语中，你的完型和阅读理解也好不到哪里去，更不要说作文了。写作要从现在抓起，自己写，找人帮忙改一下，有时候自己写的不一定可以找到毛病。所以建议大家成立个英语小队，互相监督和帮助。尖子生数理化教育，建议大家一周写三篇作文，根据历届真题相关的考题来写，字体数目一定要达标哦！尖子生数理化教育就为大家分享到这里了，如您还有相关的疑问，请 在下方为我们留言，我们将第一时间给以您满意的答复！我们下次课不见不散哦！声明：本文为尖子生数理化教育的原创文章，未经作者同意不得进行相关的转载和复制，翻版必究！请务必尊重他人的劳动成果！谢谢您的支持与理解！

相关背景：本人之前大学英语学的稀烂，四级擦线过，六级未过，用的清华学长的这套英语考研复习方法，最终英语得分82。言归正传！（本英语考研攻略全文4200余字，阅读需要8分钟，建议研友们收藏）前言英语一考试的做题顺序：大小作文（50min）——阅读（60~70min）——翻译（20~30min）——新题型（20~30min）——完形填空（5~10min）。为什么先写作文？回想一下我们考试之前准备了什么?除了背作文还是背作文！所以嘛，上来先把考前背的滚瓜烂熟的作文模板给套上！很多同学拿到卷子先做阅读理解，殊不知当你全神贯注写完阅读理解后，之前背的作文模板全忘了！所以，先写作文！这都是无数考研前辈积累的宝贵经验，听人劝，吃饱饭！从做题顺序就可以看出，英语一想拿高分，必须拿下作文和阅读！如果你的目标是80分以上，那么阅读肯定要拿到30+，作文必须25+，才能保证在后面题型可能失误的基础上，尽可能拿到满意的高分。接下来，我结合自己的复习经验，推荐英语复习的资料（不喜勿喷）。首先，可以把考研复习的时间划分为三个阶段，每门科目的复习根据阶段的不同，战略和目标也会随之改变。我建议8月份之前多花点时间给英语，因为9月份你就要背政治了，后面时间越来越紧张，你会发现每门课的复习时间都不太好安排。所以，复习英语要趁早！如果10月之前就把单词背熟、阅读方法掌握、作文模板练熟，那么后期复习英语就会很非常轻松啦。第一阶段（基础阶段）：7-8月，单词为王在这个阶段，以单词为主。如果你不认识考研基础的单词，那么掌握再多的做题技巧也没有用。我推荐的单词书是《恋练有词》！这本书囊括了所有的考研英语必背单词，按照高频、中频、低频进行分类，背完你会觉得自己对考研单词胸有成竹，而且方便携带，可以随身带在身上，随时可以利用碎片化的时间背单词。那么肯定有同学要问了，“这本书怎么背呢？要看视频吗？”我建议：要看视频，但别乱看视频，要看合适的视频！为什么说有的视频不建议看呢？比如朱伟的视频，充斥着鸡汤。他在视频里会吹，他是怎么从一个二本院校脱颖而出进入新东方的，然后又是如何给他丈母娘买下一套别墅的，最后未来是如何计划实现财务自由的。刘铁男呢？刘铁男会滔滔不绝地告诉你，他虽然是小众的考研英语辅导老师，但他却将考研单词之道融会贯通，跟着男哥背单词，80分不是梦。这些鸡汤听完你会觉得，哇，好牛啊。可是，我们是来背单词，不是来做梦的。我建议，要看就看李达达叔的单词精讲视频。达叔精挑细选了926个核心单词，全面系统化精讲，认真听可以达到轻松高效、事倍功半的效果，也就是最短时间，熟练掌握最多的单词。我依然清楚地记得，每天晚上临睡前都会加速看达叔的单词精讲视频。然后，我在询问一个上岸清华大学的学长考研经验时，他问我：“你有没有看单词精讲视频？”我说：“太多了，不知道该看谁的。”学长：“别看了其他人的，没啥用。你就抓紧时间看看李达的就行，我们宿舍好几个人都看过，效果很好。”当然，这种凭感觉的事，因人而异，过来人的建议，听，总比不听好。第二阶段（强化阶段）：9月-10月，阅读理解为主，技巧为王进入9月份，就是做真题的最佳时机。这个时候，怎么能少的了我屠屠呢！！！先说为什么非他不可，因为我16年跟着听他的课，押中了作文，19年再次押中了英语作文！再次！神人！（请收下我的膝盖）网上借的图吐血力荐：屠皓民《屠屠讲语法》！《屠屠讲真题》！屠屠开这个班的目的就是带着你做真题。自己以前没做过？不用怕，屠屠带你做！自己什么做题方法都不懂？不用慌，屠屠包你懂！自己一看到题目就晕怎么办？不用怕，屠屠包教包会，让你成为解题牛人！是的，没错，屠屠就是这么厉害，话不用多说，听完你就啥都明白了。总而言之，只要你单词背熟了，听完屠屠的课，自己好好做真题。那么，考研英语一阅读理解32分的目标就离你很近了。我真的不是吹屠屠，我这么吹屠屠也不会给我钱，是因为屠屠讲的方法是真的有用，这么多人推荐不是没有道理的。备注：选全程班（187个课时）就可以了，一个课时不到5块钱，还要啥自行车！关键是可以和几个研友一起用一个账号，大家分摊下来就超级便宜了，您说值不值？第三阶段（冲刺阶段）：10-12月，回归真题，背好作文这个阶段，如果单词背完3遍，真题做完1遍，那么作文就可以提上你的复习日程了。我强烈不推荐王江涛的作文模板。因为到了11月份，你就会看到，学校里各个自习教室的研友，都抱着他的作文书埋头苦背。最搞笑的是，当初一个考英语二的研友，说背了一个星期的老母鸡生蛋（王江涛作文里的一个素材），第二天考试忘得干干净净！当然，最后他也成功上岸山东大学计算机专业。讲这个故事的原因，王江涛的作文书那么厚，那么多人一窝蜂的用，你还会觉得这还是专属你自己的作文模板吗？不是！当然不是！作文模板，必须是你自己适合的！大作文20分，小作文10分。我建议大家准备一套属于自己的大作文模板即可，最简单的方法就是：花钱买！是的，没错，与其自己花宝贵时间去整理，真的不如直接花钱买别人的成功成果，这也是我一个考上北京大学的学长告诉我的。注意，一定要仔细甄别，某宝上很多卖这玩意的，但很多都是坑货，很多所谓的作文模板，手写，字贼丑，还专门强调不要外泄。不是我说，字这么丑，人家根本不想看的，还好意思卖几百块，我真服了。所以，大家一定要买靠谱的作文模版。怎么判断靠不靠谱？除了看销量和评论之外，一定要看清楚模板包括哪些东西，是只有一堆作文模板扔给你让你自己背，还是会花心思录视频，亲口给你讲解这套模板怎么用。能做到这一点的，就是好东西，放心花钱买！你花钱买的不光是一套模板，买的就是时间！是效率！是分数！等把大作文模板背熟了，那么你只需掌握小作文的格式，借别人买的作文书看看几篇范文，做到心中有数上考场即可。这里还需要注意的是，单词和作文除了多背，一定要自己亲自动手去写！背模板是掌握理论，动手写是亲自实践，理论+实践=考研上岸！我当时是八月份买的，给大家推荐一下《英语写作手册》一直被用作高等院校英语专业的写作教材，被众多院校指定为英语专业考研必读书和学术研究参考书，考研真题详解部分按照应用文、图画作文、图表作文、命题作文等四种最常见的考研出题形式，精选考研写作真题。当时也是心一狠，不就是钱吗，跟我考研上岸能比吗？买！买完之后从10月份早上每天开始背，背了两个月滚瓜烂熟了（背的过程中建议抽时间每周默写几篇），然后对照着近几年的真题去练，真的有用。后面看别人作文书上的题目，不用动手，能直接在脑子里浮现整体框架。小作文我也是看了结构要求，然后也是套的大作文模板去写。备注：根据规定，批改卷子时大小作文是分开机改的，所以不用担心老师看到大小作文结构相似。温馨提示千人考研讲座问：翻译、新题型和完形填空怎么复习呢？答：翻译我推荐看新东方唐静老师的视频，他的方法叫组合拆分法，很有用。英语一的翻译确实很难，建议大家掌握方法，加以适当练习，目标5分即可。新题型和完形填空到11月左右唐迟老师也会出视频讲解，也很有用。完形填空分值低，不是特别重要，所以考场上我只留了五分钟给完型。平时复习你在做真题的时候顺带做了就行，凭语感去选择即可。备战考研问：语法很重要吗？答：说实话，我觉得并不重要。除非你是考英语专业的研究生，否则我不建议你还话太多时间去学语法，没有什么用。个人认为，英语和政治都是靠基础扎实后，凭借做题技巧去拿高分的，所以只要你单词、作文背熟了，阅读方法掌握了，就不必再操心语法的事。这些，屠屠也会在视频里告诉你的。问：还需要做模拟卷吗？答：英语和数学不同，你要说数学你就做真题能考130，那我只能说你是真的牛。备战考研但是英语，只需要做真题就可以了，你要问为什么的话？那我只能用屠屠的话回答（大意如下）：“出考研英语真题的老头们，共七个人，简称全真七子，他们这辈子都把心思花在出题上，就凭市面上那些人的资历，有谁能比得过他们？所以，我建议大家，做真题就够了。”我非常赞同屠屠的观点！你想想，那些考研英语辅导老师天天都在上课，哪有那么多时间出题啊？所以，屠屠真的是考研英语界良心辅导老师之一呀！最后祝各位学弟学妹们考研成功，一战上岸！（听说点赞、收藏、分享三样集齐的同学都上岸了）未经作者许可，严禁转载

说明听说距离你新生报到还有几天。我想趁这个机会，给你写些东西。之前，我给你的师兄师姐们写过《写给我即将毕业的研究生》。那些都是关于毕业后走上工作岗位的事情。这次给你写的，是关于未来三年，你求学过程中可能会遇到的一些实际问题。希望这些话，能对你的学习生活有些帮助。我不想一次谈太多的东西。今天咱们就老生常谈，聊聊你的英语学习吧。说这个问题，是因为最近一件小事儿，给我的触动。知乎上面有一个问题，叫做《如何系统地自学 Python？》，我在后面写了自己的答案，其实就是你之前在我公众号读到过的《如何高效学Python？》。答案网址在这里。这个答案，获得了将近 2400 个赞同，800余次感谢。然而，在留言区里，我看到不少人把话题转移到了英语学习上。他们要么很客气地找我要中文学习资料，要么不客气地……我就不重复了。但是显然，他们中的许多人，都不准备学英语。我号称“爱问问题的王老师”，所以面对这个情境，也不禁在心中画了个大大的问号。为什么他们这么反感学英语呢？用处原因可能不胜枚举。但是最主要的，应该是他们认为，学英语没用。我们都观察到，许多人对自己认为“有用”的事情，即便花费再多的时间，也是愿意做的。你生活在一个中文环境里。看报可以用中文，聊天可以用中文，娱乐可以用中文，点餐可以用中文，上网购物一样可以用中文。所以英文看起来，似乎真的是没有什么用。这时候，你想学个 Python 语言分析数据。突然发现有个莫名其妙的人，告诉你你得用英文读书上课，是什么感觉？他们这样想，我无权干涉。但是你不要有这种想法。作为导师，我得告诉你：英语很有用。问问你上一届，那位今年夏天去了哈工大上暑期学校的学长，看他怎么说。想想看，千里迢迢，自己花学费和路费，在最炎热的夏季，跑这么远的路。天天课程排得满满的，中午连休息时间都没有。烈日下从住处走到教室，下课走回去，一天的锻炼目标就能达成了。如果课程不够精彩，收获不够大，谁会去犯这个傻？可问题是，即便你付出了这些，能收获多少？因人而异，因为课程是全英文的。为什么课程全英文？我不希望把答案扔给你。已经快要上研究生了，我希望你自己从这个例子中分析出答案和启示。（给你两分钟思考时间）好了，咱们接着说。这就是你，在读研究生过程中，即将面临的实际问题。由于你的专业不是英语文学，因此我对于你的英文作品文采，没有什么过高期待。你的英语，需要达到学术上的沟通能力。这当然包括听、说、读、写。听，就是学习MOOC，或者参加这种全英文的课程、会议与培训时，能够听懂内容；说，就是如果遇到疑问，能够准确描述并且提出问题，跟别人沟通；读，就是能够检索和读懂专业论文和相关资料；写，就是能够用英语简洁表达你的想法。最低标准，是能够和专业人士书面沟通，高一些的标准是独立完成英文报告与论文撰写。如果你现在就能达到这些标准，那自然很棒。但从你给我的简历上来看，应该还有差距。有差距不要紧。下一个问题，就是怎么办了。方法从小学开始学英语，到现在大学都毕业了，想必你听说过的英语学习方法，也已不少了。咱们没空把它们一一罗列一遍。何况其中还有很多你自己试过，不灵对吧？记住我下面这句话：先创造环境，压迫自己改变学习路径；然后等待正反馈的到来。我先给你讲讲后半句。学知识和技能，就跟攒钱一样，不是线性增长。哪怕利率不变，假设都是年利5%。那么如果现在你有100块，问20年后你有多少钱？这个自己算。最好绘个图出来。用 Python 或者 R ，并不难。况且，学知识和技能，“利率”也是变化的。你已经学得越多，就很有可能学得越快。而且越来越驾轻就熟，这就走上了正反馈（或者叫“良性循环”）的路径。我的同学里面，不少在大学时，英语学习达到了这种境地；更有甚者，高中就已经达到了。你问我？我当时只有望洋兴叹的份儿。想想看，如果你十七八岁的时候，就能够不借助字典，看懂《华盛顿邮报》和《纽约时报》。看美剧和好莱坞电影完全不需要字幕。那到了今天，你会比现在的自己，多掌握多少有价值的信息？这些信息中，将带给你多少宝贵的机会？想想就好，不要陷进去。后悔药没处买，咱们得往前看。往前看，就是有朝一日，你也希望达到这样的境地。但是如何做到？这就需要用那句话的前半句了。先创造环境，压迫自己改变学习路径。为何要改变学习路径？因为它想必有问题。学了这么多年英语，如果方法真的得当，怎么可能大学都毕业了，还学不好？首先是训练目的不对。学英语，不应该为了考试，而是为了应用。对你来说，应用的重点，自然是沟通。其次是训练方法不对。单词背过吧？语法拆解过吧？阅读理解没少做吧？但是为什么效果不好？因为没有动力，缺乏反馈。先说没有动力。除了考试以外，英语真的用上了吗？如果没有用上，就想办法用上。我第一次不得不用英语，就是被逼出来的需求。那是我上高一的时候。英语老师是班主任。上第一节课，就全部英文授课。我们都吃惊非小。更吃惊的是，下了课，他也不说中文！我们开班会，他说英文；下课布置各种任务（主要是卫生值日啥的），他还说英文；班委课代表开会，他说英文；找他请假或者交作业，也必须英文对话……红着脸，一个个单词往外蹦的时候，不少人（例如我）被逼得上房的心都有。开家长会……他终于说中文了。大伙儿奔走相告。于是家长们在里面开会，门口我们一帮同学侧耳倾听。发现老师说英文的时候，发音标准；中文带着浓重的天津乡音。这是老师营造的环境，给我们带来的英语学习动力（或者叫压力），下面咱们说说反馈。反馈就是你写下一段文字，是否表达了自己的意思；说了一段话，老外能听懂吗？看了一段无字幕视频，理解得对吗？听人家用英文高谈阔论，理解中究竟夹杂了多少“想当然”的噪声？所有这些，反馈得越快，你进步就越快。实践如果你缺乏动力和反馈，咱们下面说个实际的例子，帮助你实践。咱们学校，毕竟是坐落在港口城市，又是直辖市。外国人不难找。多尝试跟他们交朋友，然后聊呗。当然，交朋友得有选择。人要正派（安全问题一定要有意识），发音要标准。我认识一个咱们学校的美国外教，是我在肯塔基访学的时候交的朋友。他们学校跟咱们有合作办学关系。因此他本科一毕业，就经由校方推荐，应聘过来教英语了。我把他也介绍给了你的师兄师姐们认识。但是他在这儿呆了两年，我只见过你吴师兄跟他主动打过一次招呼。反倒是其他院系的学生，甚至只是来蹭他课的，有不少人跟他着实提升了英语技能。其实方法很简单，请他吃饭呗。咱们学校食堂，比外面餐馆便宜多了。外教们一般课程安排比较紧，中午没有时间跑出学校去吃一顿，所以不会挑剔的。请外国人吃顿饭，比你找私教学英语省下多少钱？自己算吧。吃着高兴，聊得开心，还能交个朋友，这难道不是双赢吗？反正我每周至少请他吃一顿饭。两年下来，自觉英语有长进。当然，也有副效应，就是我自己去食堂的时候，打饭的大姐总会问我“外国人怎么没来？”这种情况下，你丢掉了所有的“拐棍儿”，只能凭着真实的英语能力来对话。原先，你自己英语怎么样，就如同“薛定谔的猫”，状态未知；现在你能否听懂，表达是否准确，即时反馈，一目了然。借助真实的场景，你能发现实际生活中许多自己欠缺的词汇和表达方式。也能在近距离沟通中，感触到文化的差异和思考方式的区别。这些东西，考试不会考，所以无法体现在你的成绩上。但是将来你的学业和事业上，可能真的会因为这些隐性知识显著受益。这些进步，都需要你走出这关键一步，创造出一个合适的小环境。我给你举了这一个例子。但是你不应该局限在里面。好的学习态度，不能满足于萧规曹随，而须要举一反三。想想看，还有哪些类似的方法，可以有助于形成这种环境，给自己以推动？欢迎你把思考后的答案告诉我。今天先聊到这里吧。

英语是研究生入学考试的一门公共基础科目，分值100分。想要考研成功上岸，英语是必须要学好的，至少要达到国家线的水平，从2021年考研来看，A、B类地区英语国家线大多分布在34-50分之间，而自主划线的学校及格线会更高一点。那么，英语不好的同学，该如何备战考研呢？我有以下建议：1、笨鸟先飞。知道自己英语薄弱，那就应该比别人更早地开始准备复习，比如提前一年时间，从上一届考研结束后就可以开始准备复习了。没有长时间的积累，想要在短时间内提升英语成绩，不太现实。2、夯实基础。英语的复习应该先从单词入手，如果词汇量少的话，根本没法做题，更谈不上有什么语感。背单词不建议拿一本考研词典，从A开始往后背，这种背法一般背几页就背不下去了。推荐朱伟的《恋恋有词》，结合视频，背单词效果一定比自己死记硬背要好。背单词的APP也不可少，如扇贝、拓词等，每天背一定数量单词，然后反复记忆。背单词是一个持续到考研前一直要做的工作，不可忽视。3、专题复习。有了一定词汇量的基础，就可以进行长难句的理解学习了，这是做好阅读理解的基础。建议对于长难句、阅读、作文等专题可以买考研名师网课，或者从网上找名师视频跟随学习，可以事半功倍。4、大量刷题。每天都要练习，持之以恒。基础差的同学一开始肯定错的比较多，很打击信心，不要着急，坚持做，坚持总结每一套试卷每一道错题，随着量的积累和语感的提升，英语成绩一定会有提高。5、重视真题。考研真题的重要性不言而喻，真题一定要精练，把每一句每一个单词都搞懂，并归纳总结出题人的出题规律。分析透了、做得多了，你会摸出真题的“套路”，考试时才能游刃有余。以上就是英语不好的同学考研备战攻略了，希望大家都能在考研中取得满意的成绩。

去年我在准备研究生复试的时候完全是一头雾水，但是，幸运的是，我碰到了好多特别善良而且优秀的师兄师姐，她们给我提出了好多方法，以及结合我去年的复试经历，我也想把我的经验分享给大家，如何准备研究生复试英语考试部分内容？1.你先要进入你所考学校的官网，查看他们的复试要求英语部分（当然其它专业课也一样），如果明确地写要进行a. 英语笔试考试，b. 或者要进行英语圆桌会议或是英语面试，c. 英语写作听力等等。你接下来的复习就应该围绕以上的要求来进行。2.应对要求a. 你必须要想方法从师兄师姐那里收集往年的真题或所考学院的英语平时检测题如果没有真题，考研真题或者四六级真题都是可以的，都是要多做多总结，同时主要也要向师兄师姐打听往年复试考试情况，心里有个大数；应对要求b. 你必须要各准备一份中文，一份英语自我介绍，并且提前准备至少10个有关于老师们通常会提到的复试问题。（如果你们需要可以私信我把我去年的复试资料免费分享给你们）以上你都要反复对着镜子练习，让家人帮忙抽问，直到能够熟练的脱口而出，而不是还要明显的看出来你在记在想，另外一份好的自我介绍会让导师感兴趣，一口较为地道的英语会让老师更偏心于你。应对要求c. 你必须要用素材来多次练习，比如六级作文和听力，因为只有多次练习，等你考试的时候你才不会提笔忘词。说到这里，英语单词更是要不停的积累，尤其是如果会考到专业相关的单词都要同时积累，每天规定自己记至少30个新词，复习50个老词，就用记单词软件就可以。3.如果你认真地执行了第二步，那你只需要在复试现场尽量的展示自己，自信大方。尽管有可能她们会问的题你不会，或者题不会做，你用心自信大方的说出来，尽量的写出来写完善，分数一定不会太低。复试成绩还挺重要的，尤其是对于那些特别重视现场应变能力和英语能力的高校，去年初试成绩不是特别理想的我，复试成绩把我总体成绩推进了前几位，也因此能够拿到这学期的一等奖学金，所以很感谢研究生考试准备过程中遇到的曾经帮助或鼓励过我的学姐学长，所以！不管你的初试成绩好与不好，理想与不理想，复试都要用心去准备。今年考研初试成绩可能都会有所推迟，但是到现在研究生复试考试的时间，形式是线上还是保持原来如此，内容都没有定下来。无论自己的初试成绩到底怎么样？我觉得这个时间点了，你都应该好好准备复试考试了，毕竟如果疫情消去，复工复学，你就没有足够的时间和心思去准备了。乘这个时间，好好静下心来，给自己的复试复习安排一个时间表和计划表，再按照这个内容去认真执行，你就已经很棒啦。无论最后的结果如何，你至少不会后悔！

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

2021年考研英语，今天下午已经考试结束，在考完英语以后，很多考生都在吐槽今年的考研英语试题难度比较大，很多考生反映考研完形填空和阅读理解，以及英语作文难度比较大。一些考生担心今年考研国家线还会提高，而自己的考研成绩又不好，害怕自己因为考研英语成绩不好，导致最终没有考上研究生。那么其实硕士研究生期间用英语的地方不多，但是为何考研还要考英语呢？作为老师认为主要原因有3点。第一点，考研英语的区分度比较高。在考研的4门科目当中，考研政治和考研专业课，一般考生都可以通过国家线。而每年报考的考生比较多，像2021年考研报考人数就达到了377万人，但是考研录取人数大概只有100万人，这就意味着经济有260多万的考生会沦为炮灰。为此又在几百万的考生当中选取适合读研的考生难度比较大，而考研英语的区分度比较高，容易筛选出适合考研的学生。第二点，考研英语的试题设置有一定的科学含义。在考研试题当中，试题的设置有一定的科学含义，尤其是考研英语的阅读理解，重在考查考生的逻辑思维能力。而研究生期间重在考察学生是否有创新创造的能力，而这一能力的体现主要通过考生的逻辑思维来观察，因此一个考生如果逻辑缜密有条理性，那么他的考研英语阅读理解很容易得高分。为此考研英语成为了辨别考生是否具有逻辑思维的重要标志之一。第三点，虽然客观上讲研究生期间使用英语的地方并不多，但是这并非意味着英语就没有任何用处。说是在研究生期间需要通过阅读外围文献来了解整个学科内容的发展趋势，有利于和国外学术界进行交流沟通。如果考生考上研究生以后，英语能力比较差，阅读和听说能力不高，那么就很难进一步的钻研世界前沿的科学文化知识，很难创造出学术价值。为此基于以上3点理由考研，还是必须要考英语。同时我们可以看到考研英语的难度还是在不断的提高。从近10年考研报考人数观察来看，考研报考人数增加的幅度很大。但是考研英语的国家线变化的幅度并不大。即使考虑到研究生扩招的因素，背后其实也折射出考研英语试题难度的提高，考生想得高分并不容易。2021年考研英语已经结束，考生明日就考专业课或者数学。考生一定要做好考试，准备认真备考。对此大家还有哪些不同的看法？