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2016考研英语二真题及答案解析其治一也

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析 Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text。 Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。 (10 points)Happy people work differently。 They’re more proctive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks。 And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too。Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper。 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development)。That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future。The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested。 So they compared U.S。 cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。7 enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8。 But it is really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, instry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population。 They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things。The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to “less confined decision making process” and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment。’’ The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16。 Firms seem to invest more in places。17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility。 It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future。 It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward –thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average,” said one researcher。1。 [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2。 [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3。 [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4。 [A] indivialism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5。 [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6。 [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7。 [A] sure [B] odd [C] unfortunate [D] often8。 [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9。 [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10。 [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11。 [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12。 [A] resumed [B] held [C] emerged [D] broke13。 [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14。 [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D] experienced15。 [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16。 [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17。 [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18。 [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19。 [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20。 [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts。 Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D。 Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 (40 points)Text 1It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college。 Students without experience can catch up after a few introctory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science。However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial。 When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers – but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses。 It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students。 Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal。 Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said。Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introctory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away。The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for alts looking for a career change。 The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor。 For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood。The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook。 Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market。 But the skills they learn – how to think logically through a problem and organize the results – apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an ecation consultant for the state of North Carolina。Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all。 But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes。 These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes –for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into procing what they want –the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that –the better。21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______A。 complete future job trainingB。 remodel the way of thinkingC。 formulate logical hypothesesD。 perfect artwork proction22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________A。 experienceB。 interestC。 career prospectsD。 academic backgrounds1、[答案]C how[解析]根据空格所在句子可以看出,空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词,做influence的宾语。四个选项的意思中,只有C。 how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语,前后意思合理。2、[答案]B In particular[解析]空格的前一句话的内容是:坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。空格所在句的内容是:坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。很显然,前后句子是总分关系。选项中,只有B选项可以体现总分关系。3、[答案]D necessary[解析]根据空格处前后的内容,_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。幸福,这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______,四个选项中只有D。 necessary 做后置定语符合前后内容。其他选项与原文内容语义不符。4、[答案]C optimism[解析]空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接,构成并列关系,后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容,也修饰inclination for risk-taking,所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。5、[答案]D change[解析]空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。选项中A。 echo 回声 B。 miss 思念 C。 spoil 溺爱 D。 change 改变,所以只有D选项可以和the way companies invested构成通顺语义。故D项正确。6、[答案]B measured[解析]原文:So they compared U.S。 cities’ average happiness_______ by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。 所以他们比较美国城市的平均幸福,这种幸福是根据盖洛普在上市公司的投资活动地区民意调查来________。 A imagined 想象,D assumed 假定与民意调查的客观性是不符的,故排除,C invented 发明,与文意不符,故选B measured,衡量,测量。7、[答案]A sure[解析]若要判断此空的答案,需要结合文章上下文来判断。这句话和本篇完型的第二段的首句的含义是相同的。第二段的首句:Companies located in places with happier people invest more,含义为:坐落在幸福人们多的地方的公司会加大研发投入力度。本段首句其实是对于这一中心的重复阐述,因此选A。8、[答案]D headquartered[解析]原文:firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were _________。公司的投资与研发强度与公司所_______的地区的幸福度相关。依据第7题的答案,我们可以推断,这句话所填写的单词和located应该是近义, A advertised 广告; B divided 分割; C overtaxed 负担过重;均与本文含义不符,故选D,headquartered设立总部。9、[答案]A explain[解析]原文:…could something else about happier cities ______ why firms there spend more on R&D? 此句也是对于本文中心的再次论证。还有其他的什么可以__________公司在幸福的城市加入研发投入力度吗? 这句话之后就是具体的原因陈述。B overstate 夸张; C summarize总结;D emphasize 强调;均不符合文意,所以以上三项皆排除。故选A express 解释,阐释。10、[答案]B factors[解析]原文: To find out, the researchers controlled for various ________that might make firms more likely to invest — like size, instry, and sales ,为了找到答案,研究人员控制了各种各样的可能会让公司加大投资的_______——比如大小、行业和销量——,联系上下文,我们可以看出,这个空格其实就是下文size, instry, and sales的上义词,可以包含这三个名词的内容。A stages 阶段;C levels 水平,标准; D methods 方法;均不符合文意。故选B factors 原因,因素。11、[答案]A desirable[解析]该句意思为:研究者掌控了各种使公司更愿意投资的因素(比如规模、行业、销售),也掌控了居住起来____的住处的征兆(比如工资或人数的增长)。此处需填入形容词,前后两句为并列关系,感情色彩应保持一致,所填词应和空前more likely to invest更可能投资,以及空后like举例的内容涨工资一致,也是好事,所以答案desirable可取的、令人满意的为正确选项。Sociable善于交际的,reputable有声望的,reliable可靠的虽为正向词汇,但均与上下文衔接不紧密,因此答案为desirable。12、[答案]B held[解析]即使说明这些问题,总体来讲,快乐与投资之间的关系____。Resume继续、重新开始,hold保持不变,维持,emerge出现,break破裂。前后为递进,说明这些问题后,二者关系应仍然保持不变,所以hold为正确答案。13、[答案]A attribute[解析]该句意思为:快乐与投资之间的相互关系对年轻的企业特别强烈,作者把这一点____于“缺少编纂的做决定过程”。此处考搭配,attribute…to把……归咎于,assign…to把……指派给,transfer…to把……传递给,compare…to把……相比较,其中attribute…to符合文意,作者把这一点归因于于“缺少编纂的做决定过程”。14、[答案]D experienced[解析]该题为并列平行关系考查,and前后情感色彩、所属范畴应保持一致,younger并列,应为less experienced缺少经验的,故为正确答案。Serious严肃的,civilized文明的,ambitious有野心的,与年龄无直接关系,故排除。15、[答案]C also[解析]该句话上一句为The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong,此句为The relationship was 15 stronger,显然,二者之间为并列关系,因此选择also也。Thus表结果,instead表转折,never从不,不符合此处逻辑。16、[答案]D equally[解析]此题考查副词。四个选项中,A选项rapidly意为“迅速地”, B选项regularly意为“常规地”,C选项意为directly“直接地”,D选项equally“平等地”。此处讨论的是公司投资与快乐之间的关系。空格后指出,相较于在快乐不平等的地方,或者幸福感有巨大鸿沟的地方,公司更愿意在大多数人都较为幸福的领域投资, D选项equally是对inequality的反义复现,因此,D选项是正确选项。17、[答案]C While[解析]此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文指出,公司愿意在幸福的领域里投资, 而空格后则提到“这并不能证明幸福引发了公司扩大投资或者采用较长远的眼光看问题”,显然,这二者之间是转折关系,正确选项为C选项While “然而”。A选项 After“在……之后” , B选项Until “直到”,D选项Since“因为”或“自从”,都不符合文意。18、[答案]C hints[解析]空格所在句的前半句质疑了投资与幸福的关系,后半句的作者表现的态度是“believe”, 因此此处要填入一个表积极立场的词,且能与后面的at that possibility构成搭配, 表明“作者”的认可态度。A选项arrive“到达”,B选项jumps“跳跃”,D选项strikes“打击;罢工”,均不能与at that possibility搭配,C选项hints“暗示”符合语意,因此正确答案为C。19、[答案]A shape[解析]结合文意,此处是在正面论述“当地文化和氛围”对公司运营的影响,且二者之间的因果关系一直贯穿全文。四个选项中,A选项shape意为“形成,塑造” B选项rediscover“重新发现”, C选项simplify“简化”,D选项share“分享”, 其中只有A 选项最贴近语意,因此正确答案为A。20、[答案]B lean towards[解析]此处考察固定词组。 A选项pray for意为“为……祈祷”,B选项lean towards意为“向……倾斜”,C选项give away意为“泄露; 失去;赠送”,D选项send out意为“发送,发出”。空格所在句的前后语意为“快乐的人比普通人更加的具有正向思维,更有创造力,并且更加的_____研究和发展。”可知最符合文意的只能是选项B。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121、[答案][B]remodel the way of thinking[解析]观点题。根据题干Cortina holds回文定位在第二段。第二段指出Cortina认为过早的接触电脑是有益的,紧接着指出当小孩子学习电脑科学,他们就学习了如何去开发手机应用程序,或者创作艺术,或者验证假设。对于他们来说与大孩子相比,改变思维并不难。综上所述,[B]remodel the way of thinking是对原文“transform their thought”的同义置换。22、[答案][B] interest[解析]事实细节题。根据题干关键信息“in delivering lessons for high-schoolers”、“Flatiron has considered”,定位到第三段。整个第三段在叙述Flatiron School。其中,第三行The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in”(高中生们上同样的课程,但是“我们力图以他们的兴趣来调整课程”),表明了该校开设课程的依据是“学生的兴趣”,故选[B] interest。23、[答案][A] help students learn other computer languages[解析]细节题。根据Deborah Seehorn 定位到文章第五段最后一句。Deborah说他们学习的技能(如何思考问题具有逻辑性并组织结果)可以应用到编码语言中去。选项[A]帮助学生学习另外的电脑语言是对这句话的概括。24、[答案][C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[解析]推理题。根据题干关键词“the last paragraph”和“Flatiron students”回文定位在最后一段。最后一段第一句指出Flatiron的学生不会全都进入IT界。紧接着第二句说明培养编码人员不是唯一目的,第三句进一步指出这些学生将会一生“被电脑包围”(生活在电脑时代),对比四个所给选项,[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world与原文意思一致,故正确。25、[答案][A] persuade[解析]词义题。根据题干关键信息“coax”(Line 4, Para.6),定位到最后一段第四行how to coax the machine into procing what they want(如何…电脑生产他们想要的),且该部分是与how computers think(电脑是如何思维的)并列的,都是学生学习的具体内容。正是因为两者并列,因此根据单词think可知coax同样含有一定比喻色彩,且coax指的是“让电脑生产他们想要的”一种手段或方式。将四个选项分别带入原文:[A] persuade“劝说,劝诱”,即“劝诱电脑生产他们想要的”,语意恰当,是正确选项;[B] frighten“吓唬,使惊吓”,即“吓唬电脑去生产他们想要的”,该方式带有贬义色彩,故排除;[C] misguide“误导”,与[B]同理,故排除;[D] challenge“挑战”,即“挑战电脑去生产他们想要的”,语义不通顺,故排除。因此,本题正确答案为[A] persuade。Text 226、[答案][A] its drastically decreased population[解析]本题属于细节题,考查了考生对文章首段中关于草原鸡数量的变化的理解。根据对首段首句当中生物学家预测的数量是2百万,而在首段末句出现but转折以及末句当中关于草原鸡现在真实的剩余数量只有2万2千只,都可以说明草原鸡的数量急剧的下降;另外,这道题还有一种做法是通过第二段首句的主语的作用,某些情况下,文章中间段落的首句主语起到承上启下的作用,那么中间段落首句主语就会有概括上一段的作用,本文第二段的首句:The crash was a main reason USFWS decided to formally list the bird as threatened。 就是对第26题题干和正确选项的同义替换,根据第二段第一句的主语:the crash (这种暴跌),对应正确选项A。27、[答案][D] went against conservation policies[解析]本题属于推理题,根据题干信息:the “Threatened” tag 令许多环境学家感到失望,定位到第二段的第三句,因此,原因应该出自第三句之后,而第四句和第五句中间有很明显的转折词but,因此答案定位在第五句,很多同学可能会问,这里并没有表示原因的词去与题干当中的in that进行对应,但是在我们的钻石卡的课程中提到,原文当中给出原因的并不一定是直接给出表示原因的连词或者介词,在本文第三句的but Ashe and others argued that the “threatened” tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservation approaches。 当中的gave这个词是“使得”的意思,A使得B如何如何,也就是A是B的原因,因此这道题的答案是D (违反了保护措施)。28、[答案][B] volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[解析]本题属于推理题,根据题干当中给出的位置信息(第三段)以及表示条件与结果的逻辑关系的if这个信息,可以迅速定位到第三段的第一句,其中题干当中的if与文章当中的as long as 进行对应,而题干当中的表示结果的部分与as long as 之前进行对应,因此,正确选项应该出自as long as 之后,也就是原文当中的:they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat。 “签订一系列管理计划去恢复草原鸡的栖息地”,对应到的正确选项是B (volunteer to set up an equally big habitat 帮助搭建同样大小的栖息地)29、[答案][D] the states[解析]本题属于细节题。答案定位在文章第三段最后一句,从Ashe所说的话中“states remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species”可以得出,选项D the states在管理物种方面起着领导作用。30、[答案][B] the win-win rhetoric[解析]本题属于推断题。答案定位在文章最后一段,从Jay Lininger所说的话中,可以得知他认为政府应该为导致鸟类濒临灭绝的产业负责任,因此可以得出,他最可能支持本段开头所提出的双赢的说法。Text 331、[答案][D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed[解析]细节题。根据题干回文定位到第二段第一句“what makes…management techniques don‘t seem sufficient”,,但是这句并没有提及原因。真正的原因是第二段最后一句“Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient”。(深度阅读需要的不仅仅是时间,而且仅仅通过高效率所获得的那种时间也不够),因此选项D what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed为正确答案。32、[答案][B] make passing time fulfilling[解析]细节题。根据题干回文定位到第三段第五句:we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles(days, hours, minutes) as they pass。故正确答案应该与to fill…相一致。这句话中将时间单位天,小时和分钟比喻成了不同大小的瓶子。而压力来自于我们填充这些大小不一的瓶子时,即把自己的时间充实起来时。故正确答案为选项B,其中passing time是原文as they pass的同义替换,making … fulfilling是to fill的同义替换。33、[答案][D] achieve immersive reading[解析]细节题。根据题干定位到第四段第二句:…such ritualistic behavior helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time。 (这种仪式化行为指代有助于我们从拜托时间流进入灵魂阅读),soul time 即选项D 中immersive reading (沉浸式阅读),故正确答案为选项D。题干“scheling regular times for reading helps”是题干中的“such ritualistic behavior helps”的同义改写,“soul time”是“immersive reading”的同义替换。34、[答案][A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[解析]细节题。根据题干中的carry a book with you at all times can work if, 可以定位到第四段倒数第二句 “providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state”(假定你经常沉浸在阅读中,以至于阅读成为一种默认设置),因此可以确定选项A reading becomes your primary business of the day(阅读成为你一天中的主要事情)为正确答案。35、[答案][B] How to Find Time to Read[解析]主旨题。根据文章首段转折之后出主旨。But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There’s never any time to read。(但是其中一个特别悲哀的抱怨是:没有时间阅读)。第二、三、四段都在论证深度阅读才是解决之道。因此选项Dhow to find time to read为正确答案。Text 436、[答案][B] having a family with children[解析]根据题干给出的mark, successful life等词可以定位到第二段的第一句话,successful life可以找到原词,而mark对应milestone,including后面的内容就是这种生活的特征,包含“结婚,有孩子,有家,60岁退休”,和选项对比,只有B项符合原文给出的特征,属于同意替换。A项这里未提,略有干扰的是后面but句中的different paths,但这和题干不符,C项的退休后工作和原文刚好相反,D项未提到。37、[答案][C] attach importance to pre-martial finance[解析]根据题干给出的段落序号可以定位到第三段,另又提到young people,故可以定位到第三段开头第一句话。题干问的是年轻人倾向于……,题干中的tend在这句话中可以找到同意置换词more likely,句子中后面有5个to do表示年轻人倾向于做什么,所以答案就在这些动词不定式中。和选项对比,只有C项符合原文的含义“婚前或者有孩子之前要有经济保障”,属于同意替换。A项这里未提,也不符合当下年轻人的生活习惯,B项和原文刚好相反,原文说的是经常换工作来提升职业,而选项说的是长时间做一份工作,D项只是有childcare outside the home和原文一样,但是原文说的是父母都工作对孩子好,选项则是说年轻人更注重照顾孩子,两者含义并不相符。38、[答案][D] reach almost all aspects of American life[解析]根据题干给出的the priorities and expectations等词可以定位到第四段的第一句话的中间,that后面的内容是对这两个名词的修饰,故答案应该在这个从句中。和选项对比,只有D项符合原文,ripple through和选项中的reach属于同意替换。A项和B项这里均未提,C项只是politics和preferences这两个词有在文中出现,但是语义并不相符。39、[答案][D] getting established is harder for the young[解析]根据题干给出的young and old等词可以定位到第五段开头,这句话有冒号,解释key point,所以答案应该在冒号之后,题目问的是他们同意什么,也就是观点,所以可以再缩小范围为believe后面的内容为正确选项的含义。和选项对比,只有D项符合原文,属于同意替换。A项和C项这里均未具体提及,B项相对干扰性强,但是文中只是提到说在实现这些重要成就时,晚辈会比长辈遇到更艰难的挑战,并不是说老辈比晚辈创造了更多的成就,故排除。40、[答案][C] His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree[解析]根据题干给出的Schenider可以定位到最后一段开头。这段话开头就说这个人认为今天的生活更艰难,后面的内容都在介绍他的生活。因为题干除了这个人名之外并没有给出其他更细定位的信息,可以选择从选项定位入手反推正确答案。A项“他毕业后找到一个理想工作”,文章只在最后一段第二句后面说到这个问题,但并没有说这个工作是dream work,故排除。B项的work steady在第三局也有提到,但并没有说是父母认为的,故排除。C项说到父母的好生活在第四、五句有提到,尤其引号中的内容和选项相符,故为正确答案。D项认为工作很有挑战性,这并没有提到,属于无中生有。Part B41、[答案]D (Express your emotions)[解析]emotions一词在本段中原词复现了两次,而且出现了其下义词,比如sad, angry,本段最后一句提到对待情绪的方式是:acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately。选项D与此完全对应。因此确定正确答案为D选项。42、[答案]F (Be easily pleased)[解析]该段通过举例来说明段落主题,提到it cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,本句话的含义是“虽然礼物不值钱,但是让她特别开心”。并且核心词overjoyed与小标题F中pleased属于近义词。该段第二句话在转折后提到the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels,即“这些东西对我们的幸福水平影响很小。”接着最后一句总结到“感激生活中的小事情是提升我们幸福感的一个好方式”,因此本段重点在于强调要感激生活中的小事情,所以正确答案是F选项。43、[答案]A (Be silly)[解析]该段开头提及一个问题,那么问题的答案正是本段的中心句。第二句正是对问题的解答,根据本句话的前半部分:if we alts could inlge in a bit of silliness and giggling, 核心词silliness与选项A中的silly为同源词,因此确定选项A为正确答案。44、[答案]B (Have fun)[解析]首先明确本段中第二句为转折句,在找段落中心时,是必读部分。本句话含义是“成年人有能力按照自己的想法去享受时光(enjoy the things)”,紧接着下句举例说明享受的这些快乐的事情分别有哪些。因此本段重点在于说明成年人可以按照自己的意愿享受快乐时光。故选择 Have fun 。45、[答案]E (Don’t overthink it)[解析]该段主题句是段落首句it’s important to add that we shouldn’t try too hard to be happy,强调“我们不应该着急要快乐”。第二句借科学家的话提到这样做的不良影响,下文更是引用哲学家庄子的话来证明这一论点,最后一句再次突出,我们应以孩子为榜样,对于孩子来说,快乐不是一个目标,而是他们生活方式的自然副产品。可见,该段整体上是总分的结构,先提出论点再论证。此外too hard与选项E中的overthink属于近义表达,natural与overthink是反义复现。因此,答案选E。Section III Translation46、[解析]句1:The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors。[题目考点]被动语态,不定式短语作目的状语[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“The supermarket is designed to……”,被动语态翻译的时候变为主动,不定式短语做目的状语,可以翻译为“旨在……”。“lure……into”表示引诱……做……,在这里可以意译为“意在……”。“as much time as possible”表示“尽可能长的时间……”[重点词汇] design:设计;lure:吸引,引诱。[参考译文]超市旨在吸引顾客在店里停留尽量长的时间。句2:The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you’ll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you’ll buy。[题目考点]并列结构,比较结构[句子结构]复合句。本句用连词and连接两个比较句。本句包含一个常用的比较结构“the+形容词+……,the+形容词+……”表示“越……,越……”。[重点词汇] the more……, the more……:越…,越…。[参考译文]原因非常简单:顾客在店里停留的时间越长,看到的商品越多;看到的商品越多,买的越多。句3:And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff。[题目考点]词的翻译[句子结构]简单句。本句是简单的主语+谓语+宾语结构。“contain”原本表示“包含,包括”,在本句中可以意译为“陈列”。[重点词汇]contain:包含,包括。[参考译文]超市陈列了大量的商品。句4:The average supermarket, according to the Food Market Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more。[题目考点]并列结构[句子结构]复合句。And连接了两个简单句。第一个简单句句子的主干是“The average supermarket carries items……”;第二个简单句句子的主干是“many carry……”。“ according to……”表示“根据……”做方式状语。[重点词汇]Food Market Institute: 食品营销研究院, tens of thousands:成千上万。[参考译文]根据食品营销研究院的调查,一般超市里有约44000种不同的商品;大多数超市都有上万种。句5:The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload。[题目考点]词的翻译,不定式短语做目的状语[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“The sheer volume of available choice is enough”,不定式“to ……”做目的状语,表示“足够去干……”。[重点词汇]sheer:绝对的,纯粹的; available:可利用的,可供选择的;overload:符合过多。[参考译文]如此众多的选择足以使顾客面对的信息过于繁杂。句6:According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us。[题目考点]词的翻译[句子结构]简单句。句子的主干是“the demands……become……”,表示“需求……变得……”。短语“:According to……”做方式状语,表示“根据……”。[重点词汇]brain-scan:脑部扫描 ,decision-making:作出决定,决策。[参考译文]根据脑部扫描实验,需要做这么多的决定很快就会使我们难以承受。句7:After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying。[题目考点]并列结构,定语从句[句子结构]复合句。句子主干为most people stop struggling to be rationally selective and instead began shopping emotionally,其中instead和rationally,emotionally含转折和对比的意味。after about 40 minutes of shopping为介词短语做时间状语。which is the point是which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的整个句子。at which引导限制性定语从句,修饰point,相当于when,这个定语从句中主干成分为we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff,in our cart做地点状语。句中的最后一个that引导定语从句,修饰前面的先行词the 50 percent of stuff,整个句子中呈现从句套从句的句式。[重点词汇]rationally:理性地;emotionally:情感地,情绪冲动地;accumulate:累积;cart:购物车。[参考译文]大约购物40分钟以后,大部分顾客就无法试图做出理性的选择,而会冲动购物——此时,在购物车里,我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。[全文翻译]超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。原因很简单:顾客在店里停留的时间越长,看到的商品就会越多;而看到的商品越多,你就会买的越多。超市有大量商品。根据食品营销研究院所说,普通超市大概有44000种不同的商品;很多超市更是会比普通超市多上万种商品。众多选择足以让顾客面临各种信息,不堪重负。根据脑部扫描实验,需要做这么多的决定很快就会使我们难以承受。大约购物40分钟以后,大部分顾客就无法试图做出理性的选择,而会冲动购物——此时,在购物车里,我们已经装了一半根本没想买的东西。Section IV Writing47、 [参考范文]Dear Jack,Your letter of congratulations was received。 Thank you for your nice words on my winning the contest。 In the letter, you asked me about the skills to do translation, so the following are my advice for you。Firstly, you should analyze the sentence structure, thus catching the meaning of the sentence。 Secondly, find the proper words to translate the meaning of the source language into the target language。 Thirdly, revise your translation at least three times to check if there are any mistranslations or missed meanings。I hope my advice helpful。 Wish to see you soon。Yours sincerely,Li Ming48、 [参考范文]Portrayed in the above pie chart is a survey of college students’ purposes of traveling。 The number of students who take traveling as a chance to see beautiful scenes accounts for 37%, while students who would like to travel to relieve pressure from study take up 35 %。There are several reasons behind the trend revealed in the above chart。 To begin with, as the present society is filled with fierce competition, most college students nowadays are under great pressure to stand out among others or to lunch a decent job after graation。 Therefore, they tend to choose traveling as an outlet to relieve their stress。 Secondly, with the fast advancement of the living standards of Chinese families, traveling is increasingly affordable to most college students。 For this reason, students prefer to travel to see different views to enjoy themselves or to make some friends。From my perspective, no matter what reason it is for, traveling is of great benefit for students to

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弘时清华考研|清美服装艺术设计考研近三年考研真题解析

01清华美院服装设计考研简介清华大学美术学院服装设计专业本科、研究生已开设多年,师资力量,国际合作资源、影响力、就业水平皆处于国内顶尖水平。同时服装设计目前是清华美院研究生专业中招生专业最多的一个大专业,近几年招生人数稳定在13人左右,不含染织方向,比那些招生人数仅1-3人的专业相比,名额多到简直是让人眼红。关键是说,其中95%以上都录取的是外校的同学。当然录取人数多,报考人数也自然不少,在报考人数众多,竞争如此之大的情况下,如何能拿到高分,脱颖而出,是很最最重要的事情。 研究生入学后第一年,多数同学(专硕)前往清华大学深圳研究生院进行为期1年的深度设计实践学习,与企业进行对接,进行落地设计实践。坦白讲,南方的服装品牌企业更多,更接近市场前沿,产业资源丰富,供应链极其发达,是服装设计学习的好地方。在入学第二年和第三年,每位研究生会具体选定细分专业导师,跟随各自导师进行专业细分学习,在自己的导师悉心指导下,完成自己的学业。大部分同学会回到北京。并且清华大学米兰艺术设计学院在意大利米兰正式挂牌。清华大学米兰艺术设计学院是清华大学全球化战略的重要组成部分,也是清华大学在欧洲最重要的海外教育基地。给在校的同学们提供了更多申请出国交换的机会。除此之外还有英国皇家艺术学院、意大利米兰理工大学、伦敦艺术学院、东京艺术大学、帕森斯学院,中央圣马丁学院等国外顶级院校的交换资源,利于开拓同学们的眼界,提升自我。想比如自己单独申请海外留学,这些资源确实是清华独有的。清华美院内外环境02清华美院服装设计考研导师及研究方向刘亚助教 设计学双硕士 研究方向2016 - 2018 英国皇家艺术学院 ( Royal College of Art, UK) /硕士2012 - 2015 清华大学美术学院染织服装艺术设计系/硕士2008 - 2012 清华大学美术学院染织服装艺术设计系/学士 服饰设计、现代纺织品设计综合交叉研究、装饰材料研究等教学主张如今,在强调跨学科、协同创新的时代背景下,现代纺织品设计立足于本学科的专业知识、技术、艺术,已经成为涉及时尚设计、工业设计、室内设计、材料设计、纯艺术等诸多领域的专业,其探讨的边界正在被不断扩大。立足于清华美院染织学科装饰图案学、工艺美术学的优良传统,未来将探讨内容分为:工艺(Graft)、身体(Body)、CMF(色彩材料研究)、纯艺术(Gallery)、空间(Space)、未来材料(Futures)6个研究方向。由此,现代纺织品设计的研究内容也将从原来单一的纺织品设计范畴变成现在多元的、整体的思维过程和设计研究。 贾京生教授 文学硕士 硕士生导师 博士生导师研究方向中国流行色协会理事、色彩教育委员会委员中国家纺艺术文化专业委员会委员、家纺用品流行趋势研究员劳动部家纺设计师职业考评员教育部高校文科计算机教指委艺术类委员会委员中国纺织协会工艺美术中级职务资格评审委员全国纺织品设计大赛暨理论研讨会评委中国大学生文科计算机设计大赛决赛评委北京服装学院民族服饰博物馆客座教授染织艺术设计、理论与历史研究教学主张对于染织艺术设计、理论与历史研究,必须以自然为本、以人为中心、以创造为重点、以审美为基础、以适用为最终目,为人们生活方式营造诗意、适意的栖息环境。以自然为本的设计研究,是可持续发展的、天人共存的、绿色设计研究;以人为中心的设计研究,是充分满足人性与人本需求的设计研究;以创造为重点的设计研究,是为人们创建新的生活方式的设计研究;以审美为基础的设计研究,是为人们生活营建审美意境的设计研究;以适用为最终目的设计研究,是紧密结合人们实际适用的设计研究。张红娟副教授 硕士研究生 研究方向室内纺织品文化及设计研究数码纺织品设计研究(机织、刺绣)教学主张室内纺织品是人们生活空间中不可或缺的实用品与装饰品,它集功能性、装饰性、文化性等多重特点于一身。对室内纺织品的文化及设计研究,意义在于满足社会需求,促进纺织行业的发展;梳理历史文脉,传承中国优秀的纺织文化;完善知识体系,充实、丰富中国室内纺织品设计及理论体系。 数码纺织品设计是随着科技不断发展出现的纺织设计中的新工艺技术,体现了时代发展的特色。对数码纺织品设计的研究主要是研究现代工艺技术在纺织设计中的运用,以及传统工艺与现代技术的相互影响。如:传统刺绣工艺与现代刺绣技术的相互借鉴、结合的方法。 梳理历史,重视当代,设计未来!杨建军副教授 文学硕士 研究方向传统装饰图案艺术研究天然染色材料与工艺研究教学主张1、为全面弘扬敦煌璀璨的传统装饰图案艺术,拟分门别类地按照历代的文化变迁将其纹样、色彩用途等所形成的特色和演变系统地加以分析、整理、展示,通过装饰图案再现历代风格特征。全面的为适应现代生活的环境艺术、室内装饰、染织服饰、轻工产品等艺术设计创新的需要,提供重要的具有中国传统文化含量的参考资料,为进一步发扬民族优秀传统文化和提高审美意识的艺术设计教学,提供重要的形象教材。2、研究的主要内容:古代文献及染色理论的研究;传统天然染料原材料的调研、发掘及收集;传统天然染色技术的寻访、记录和实验;传统染色图案的搜集、临摹、整理;新型天然材料及染色技术的尝试和开发;染色图案的创新设计。即本着以研究中国古代天然染色理论和技术、继承和发展优秀传统为宗旨,一方面大量研究文献,并参考和借鉴国内外同领域最新研究成果,从理论上进行广泛研究。另一方面,深入广大民间,实地寻访民间艺人和传统染色技术,搜集整理图案,并以文字、照片、绘制等形式详细记录、归纳,实际操作、实验,掌握不同天然染料的特点和染色技术。同时,结合现代纺织品生产和国际染色标准以及现代审美流行趋势,运用传统天然染色技术,实现创新的图案设计。王悦副教授 博士研究生导师研究方向清华大学美术学院哥本哈根皮草实验室主任北京市高等教育自学考试考试委员北京高等院校人物造型设计专业教学联盟委员IFTF国际皮草协会青年委员会理事中国服装设计师协会学术委员会会员 材料与服装设计及可持续发展研究服装艺术设计与传统手工艺教学主张在表现现代社会文明的同时,积极探寻传统造物思想与当代设计多元文化的有机结合,以对人和自然的关怀为艺术设计的目的和出发点,推崇和提倡一种可持续发展的生态文化观和价值观。研究中以服装作为媒介,探索以低耗高效的设计去创造服装的形态之美、公用之需、生态之效。这里所“设计”的不仅是服装与材料本身,更包括其“生命周期”的每一个环节与人、自然和社会的和谐共存之道。 李迎军副教授 硕士研究方向中国服装设计师协会学术委员会会员民族文化与服装设计研究教学主张中国悠久的历史与灿烂的文明不仅为当代设计师提供了取之不尽、用之不竭的灵感来源,也成为中国设计师在内心守候的精神家园。在当今高速运行的信息化社会,服装设计的发展又必须关注国际流行。民族、民间服饰文化与国际时尚是服装设计专业的两个端点。本研究方向正是以这两个关键点为基础,通过实践探索民族文化传统与国际流行的辩证关系。研究成果既为民族文化的传承与发展提供思路,也为世界服饰文化的丰富多样做出探索。贾玺增准聘副教授 硕士生导师 博士后研究方向中国服装设计师协会学术委员会委员中国博物馆协会服装专业委员会理事委员中国流行色协会会员全国考办艺术类专业规范和审定专家国家精品课程“中国服装史”主讲教师清华大学精品课程“中国服装史”主讲教师国际知名慕课EDX平台清华大学学堂在线“中国服装史”主讲教师《服装设计师》编委《东华大学学报(社科版)》编委《服装学报》审稿专家1、基于中国传统文化的服饰创新设计;2、服装品牌产品运营与企划管理;3、国际流行趋势与符号系统。教学主张以人为本、关注现实生活,汲取传统文化内涵、服装形制和审美范式,多元融合当代艺术造型语言,洞悉大众审美与消费习惯,利用国际流行时尚系统推动品牌传播和商业价值转化,探索时装设计风格的独特性与多样化。朱小珊副教授 文学学士 硕士生导师研究方向中国服装协会会员技术工作委员会执行委员;北京服装纺织行业协会设计师分会会员女装结构设计教学主张服装结构设计为服装设计专业重要的研究内容之一,它是由内至外解决服装造型问题的关键,研究结构设计的合理性,不仅是解决服装外部造型轮廓问题,同时,其内部空间与人体的关系,以及它们之间的协调关系,也都是值得深入研究和探讨的。无论是通过平面裁剪,还是立体裁剪来体现服装结构,都只是手段,而以艺术的角度通过结构来表达造型的完整性,以科学的角度通过结构来表达人体与服装关系的合理性,是服装造型设计中艺术与科学相交融的特点。张树新副教授 文学学士 硕士研究生导师研究方向北京工艺美术学会理事中国工艺美术学会纤维艺术专业委员会理事传统染织艺术研究 染织艺术设计与应用研究教学主张1、传统染织艺术研究:从中国传统染织工艺中具有实际应用意义的编织艺术、地毯艺术、天然染色艺术等工艺角度入手,对传统的染织工艺进行挖掘整理与开发应用。继承与发展传统染织技艺,将传统的染织工艺用于当下的社会建设中,对于今天的染织艺术事业的发展至关重要。 传统染织艺术的研究方法,是通过研究传统的编织艺术、地毯艺术的构成形式,及织物组织结构,材料特征,配色方法等工艺技艺,并结合人们的生活起居,设计出具有实用意义及审美意义的染织艺术品。 2、染织艺术设计与应用研究:从具有实际应用意义的室内纺织品艺术、服饰艺术等艺术形式入手,进行系统的设计研究与产品的开发应用研究。该研究对于今天的社会与生活具有现实意义。 染织艺术设计与应用研究的研究方法,是通过研究染织艺术的设计形式、材料结构及色彩规律等艺术特征,结合人们的生活方式,将艺术设计应用于现实生活的一种方法。张宝华副教授 硕士 系副主任 硕士研究生导师研究方向中国家用纺织品行业协会家纺艺术文化专业委员会委员中国家用纺织品行业协会设计师协会副会长中华全国工商业联合会纺织服装商会专家委员会委员 中国流行色协会第八届理事会理事(2009-2014)、色彩教育委员会委员NCS(Natural Color System)中国地区特约色彩专家印花纺织品设计研究教学主张纺织品印花设计是一门古老而又时尚的艺术设计形式。从东方到西方;从古老的民间传统印花工艺到现代的数码印花技术,跨越几千年的历史长河。从服装到家居,印花纺织品作为一种装饰艺术与人类紧密联系,同时印花纺织品作为传承历史、文化的符号之一,有着自身特殊的语言方式,具有重要的意义。 当今资讯的全球化带来了经济的全球化,因经济和产品消费带来了人文精神和生活价值的一体化。在这样一个全球化的背景下,人与人之间,设计与设计之间走得更近。同时,伴随着印花科技的发展,印花纺织品设计呈现出多学科交叉相容的趋势,应用领域不断延展。世界文化的不断交流,相互的文化“间隔”变得越来越小,但彼此各自的设计语言个性更加重要。通过研究印花纺织品设计,探索不同文化背景下印花纺织品的差异,通过调研、比较、分析等方式进而探求印花纺织品与艺术、科技、技术、历史、环境等方面之间的关系,进一步认知印花纺织品对当今社会和人的影响。臧迎春教授 博士 硕士研究生导师研究方向染织服装设计系主任清华米兰艺术设计学院执行院长英国东伦敦大学客座教授英国伯明翰城市大学博士生导师英国中央圣马丁艺术设计学院时装研究员香港理工大学博士答辩组导师全球化条件下的服装艺术设计教育研究、可持续发展与服装设计研究教学主张全球化市场的形成,使学习艺术设计的学生越来越多地跨越了国界,也对艺术设计教育提出了新的要求。当代的艺术设计教育者,要具有国际化的视野及引领国际艺术设计教育的理念,关注全球化市场的变化和对于人才的需求,了解并善于运用信息社会人文、科学技术的前沿成果,正视人类面临的挑战,研究人们生活方式的改变,掌握适应时代的新的教学方法。本人目前的研究,主要集中于全球化条件下的服装艺术设计教育领域,与诸多国际艺术设计教育界的专家合作,通过学术研讨、课程合作等方式进行信息交流与沟通,探讨前沿性的艺术设计教育观念和方法,并在国内外艺术设计高等院校的教学实践中加以验证和总结。可持续发展与服装设计研究主要是从服装设计的角度对于人类的生活方式进行思考和探讨,并在实践中寻找符合可持续发展理念的服装设计方式。杨静副教授 学士学位研究方向曾任清华大学艺术与设计实验教学中心常务副主任 曾任美院教务办副主任教育部高校文科计算机基础教学指导委员会美术类教学指导分委会委员北京高校艺术教育研究会理事北京高等教育自学考试服装材料学、服装CAD专家委员A:材料与服装应用及可持续发展研究; B:艺术与设计实验教学平台建设与管理教学主张材料是实现服装设计与穿着的“基本要素”,是科技与服装的联结点,是设计的艺术性与穿着的功能性融合体现于服装的载体,服装的创新发展越来越依靠材料的特性、风格、塑造力与变化性等,材料在很大程度上为服装的设计与穿着拓展了空间。“材料与服装”的研究更是科学与艺术相交叉的学科,是纺织材料、纺织工艺及染织设计与服装专业交叉、结合之点,对纺织、服装行业发展起着重要的作用。“材料与服装”是专业理论与实践应用紧密联系的研究方向,在学术研究、课程设计与课堂教学中注重“理论”的“应用”性,系统而全面地将材料的种类、结构、性能、风格等与服装的设计、工艺、穿着、使用等实际效果相关联,实现理论对应用的指导。服装设计已进入以材料取胜的时代,对材料的驾驭成为服装设计的焦点。材料的选择与运用本身就是一种设计,有时甚至是实现设计与创新的突破点。肖文陵教授 硕士生导师 硕士研究方向曾任染织服装艺术设计系主任 中国美术家协会服装设计艺术委员会秘书长中国服装设计师协会学术委员会主任委员北京市服装纺织行业协会设计师分会副会长深圳大学艺术设计学院客座教授西安工程大学服装与艺术设计学院 客座教授国际商业美术设计师协会中国地区专家委员会委员(ICAD)服装设计的程序和方法研究教学主张本课题的研究拒绝搬用一切先验的知识和方法论。研究的基本内容:基于特定的社会语境,厘清需求与造物、认知与设计、设计方法与被造物本质的内在联系。以本体为中心,剖析认知与设计的基本结构及特征,明确服装设计的相关知识内容及服装设计的逻辑和程序。在以上研究的基础上,进一步解析设计概念与被造物本质的关系,同时,探究在特定的社会背景下,建立有价值概念以及视觉化概念的基本结构、途径和方法。本课题的研究旨在建立一个可持续发展的服装设计创新体系。该体系的纵向结构能够充分体现需求与造物的闭合性和循环性关系,同时,其横向结构能够解释纵向结构的基本特征,并且,这种解释具有鲜明的指向性和唯一性。因此,其纵向结构相对稳定,而横向结构是动态的。横向结构解释的话语即是本课题研究的核心。吴波副教授 文学硕士研究方向北京市高等教育自学考试委员会 课程考试委员服装设计发展趋势 服饰配件设计教学主张目前我主要进行服装设计发展趋势和服饰配件设计的研究。通过研究、比较中外服装的设计规律、结构特点、穿着方式、制作方法、装饰手法等,对服装设计发展趋势进行总结。从服装与人体的内在联系,设计者与穿着者之间的互动关系等方面进行分析,探索非固定结构的着装模式,从而拓宽服装设计的思路。通过对服装的功能与形态的解析,探讨设计对人生活方式的影响与作用,拓展新的设计观念,并对服装设计的发展趋势作出一定的预测。从哲学、心理学等学科对服装设计的影响进行研究,于人们的日常行为、文化现象与社会现象中找寻服装设计发展的节点,使设计不流于表面形式,而是切中人们对服装的深层需要,在物质与精神两方面满足于人,服务于人。服饰配件设计主要研究设计包、鞋、首饰等的材质、造型、及其搭配方式等。从服装设计的审美规律出发,将服装和服饰作为一有机整体定义,从材料的绿色设计、再利用、材料再造、立体装饰手法、服装DIY等方面对服饰配件设计进行深入研究,使服饰配件和服装搭配的整体效果更趋完善,延长服饰配件的使用时间,倡导绿色时尚。鲁闽教授 硕士生导师研究方向文化部形象设计专家委员北京市城市形象设计专家委员北京市服装协会理事服装产品设计与品牌策划教学主张“市场第一”是服装设计的宗旨,服装产品不能脱离消费群和市场需求,这是设计的本质和关键所在。产品设计与品牌策划是服装企业发展的命脉,设计师只有依据市场的需求,结合企业产品文化进行有目的设计,才能取得市场和经济效益。根据不同品牌产品的定位进行市场调研,区分产品的消费人群以及企业产品结构,研发市场所需的产品。同时对品牌进行视觉形象和品牌风格的设计,逐步系统的完善品牌的整体风格,使企业产品在市场竞争中凸显优势。教学与学术活动必须结合社会实践,学生在课程所学知识应该在设计实践中,以此验证专业知识的可行性,为教学开拓更广阔的空间。艺术设计的训练是培养设计师的关键环节,但不是终极目标。设计与现实结合,在实际操作中培养设计创新意识和动手能力,形成设计产品的市场化和人才的实用性,这是我们这个时代必须重视的方向。李莉婷教授 硕士学位硕士研究生导师研究方向中国流行色协会第八届专家委员会委员中国流行色协会第八届理事会理事中国流行色协会色彩教育专业委员会副总干事文化部艺术人才中心专家委员中国轻工业联合会专家委员服饰色彩 色彩设计教学主张1、提出:服装色彩“级别”的概念论文《服装色彩的‘级别’》是在调查的基础上产生的。正式场合的服装色彩选择多为:藏蓝、黑、浅驼、深棕、浅灰等;非正式场合的服装色彩选择为:浅黄、橘、浅紫、粉红等;而介于二者之间的选择为深灰、铁锈红、橄榄绿等。这里我们不妨将它们划分为等级(“级别”仅是一个中性概念,并无褒贬之意):适合正式场合穿着的色彩为“高级色”,适合非正式场合穿着的色彩为“非高级色”,二者之间的色彩为“次高级色”。在今天看来,这种服装色彩的级别现象和认识还依然存在。2、提出:“服装设计从色彩开始”在本人的硕士论文《服装设计从色彩开始——分析与比较色彩在服装设计中的意义》中,将“从色彩开始设计”作为一种设计方法来提出,并与服装设计“从形入手”、“从面料入手”进行了比较与分析。将色彩的意义作为一种具体的方法加以提倡,是本人研究中的一个创新点。这一观点的论文(英文、中文)在国际和国内发表。田青教授 文学学士博士生导师研究方向中国家纺协会理事中国家纺协会设计师分会副会长;中国流行色协会理事;中国纺织服装教育学会理事传统染织艺术教学主张传统染织艺术是时代的象征、民族的象征,而非陈腐的包袱、博物馆里的唯一,与时俱进,生生不息地发展,是其生命的永恒的生命。传统与现代、传统与科技、传统与未来,是人类研究的永恒主题,特别是中国传统染织艺术有着辉煌的历史、璀璨的文化及可持续发展的理论观念,都是我们今天要研究、传承、创新、发展的,是使命也是责任。将教学与弘扬民族文化相结合,继承、创新,培养具有民族性又有国际性的复合人才,培养具有综合实力的原创型的设计人才。从我做起。李薇教授 硕士生导师留法访问学者研究方向中国服装设计师协会理论委员会理事中国民族服饰协会理事北京服装学院民族服饰博物馆艺术委员会顾问中国传统文化促进会服饰委员会主任委员服装艺术设计及理论研究(民族民间服饰及国际服装流行趋势研究,服装创新设计及理论研究)教学主张从传统文化入手,对传统服饰文化及服饰之外的载体和国际服装流行趋势等领域进行研究,形成多元素融合的服装创新设计观念及理论。李当岐教授 博士生导师研究方向曾任清华大学学位委员会副主任、艺术学分委员会主席亚洲时尚联合会中国委员会主席团主席中国服装设计师协会主席中国美术家协会服装设计艺术委员会主任中国工艺美术学会副理事长中国流行色协会常务理事北京市纺织服装协会常务理事中西方服饰文化比较研究教学主张从传统文化入手,对传统服饰文化及服饰之外的载体和国际服装流行趋势等领域进行研究,形成多元素融合的服装创新设计观念及理论。03清华美院服装设计考研报考分析SCHEDULE清美考研重要时间点&流程PS:以上信息参考历年美院官网通知,如有变动,我们将第一时间汇总告知大家2015-2020清华美院服装设计专业报考人数及录取数据2016-2020清华美院服装设计考研历年分数线清华美院服装设计专业考研总成绩计算办法计算公式计算公式:初试总分(满分500分)÷5×40%+专业设计或创作或工业设计项目策划(满分100分)×45%+面试(满分100分)×15%=最终分数ps:这套公式体现的一个特点是,即使初始分数高于对方几十分的差距,一套计算下来,初始部分的优势也会被缩小至几分差距,所以,复试才是重中之重,请大家重视起来从上面的公式可以得知,清华美院考研总成绩的计算方式就是一种导向,在初试过线的基础上,重视复试专业设计创作和面试,考察的方面涉及更多专业的知识和考生本人的出色设计素养。初试相当于是海选资格赛,卧虎藏龙的复试才是我们奋斗已久翘首以望的最后关卡。邹佳睿指导教师:张树新SUBJECT 清华美院服装设计考研考试科目考试过程分为两部分:即初始和复试初试:1.思想政治理论2.外语(英语、德语、法语、日语、俄语)3.中外工艺美术史及现代设计史基础4.专业设计基础复试:专业设计+专业面试(作品集)邱俞皓指导教师:贾京生STRATEGY 1.0清美服装设计专业科目初试攻略史论部分史论试题的试卷结构分为三大部分:1、8至10个基本名词解释,其中涵盖中工史4-6个,外工史和设计史各占2个,要求精确简练地解释专业名词,字数以100-200为准。2、4个简答题,涵盖中工史2个,外工史和设计史各占1个,可以当成是名词解释的字数扩增版,字数以200-300字为准,一般要求的简答在参考书书里会介绍得更为详细,大家不必过于担心。3、最后是论述三选一,会从三本参考书里进行选取,字数以1200-1800字为佳,少了不够看,多了写不完,这里提醒大家一定要重视历年真题。李佳靓指导教师:张宝华STRATEGY 2.0清美服装设计复试攻略清华美院的考研复试,从考试结构来说分为两部分:笔试和面试。从内容来说分为四部分:专业能力、面试、英语口语听力及口语、作品集。复试流程:考前第一天下午:先去清华美院招生办进行资格审查,检查内容包括初试成绩单、大学学生证(本人应届)、本科成绩单等等,官网也会发布通知。复试分为两天:第一天6小时笔试,9点-3点半。时间较长,中间会有半小时的休息用餐时间,大家要合理利用时间,切忌大意失荆州。第二天面试看人数安排时间,建议大家上午就去排队候场。然后复试完安排两次体检时间。复试内容解析:复试笔试内容和初试套路相似,内容和时间是初试的两倍。服装效果图至少要画到两个以上,画出平面款式图,选一个制版,并附上100字以上200字以内的设计说明,从总述、风格、款式、色彩、面料方面进行展开。面试是需要着重准备的,因为面试需要最为重要的东西 —— 作品集。复试面试的流程如下:自述5分钟 → 抽题 → 思考2分钟 → 答题3分钟 → 自由问答+英语口语听力10分钟。抽题采用二选一的模式,一般都是设计风格和当下的设计专业问题,一共10题,接下来会有负责英语问询的老师进行英语听力和口语测试。如果你的序号在后面还可以询问前面面试完同学的问题。最后是教授们进行自由问询,都是根据你的作品集来的,而且老师看了作品集,会对你心里有个数,所以我们必须再次强调,过了初试的同学们一定要对作品集上心。作品集需要我们提前自行排版、打印、装订好,要尽量展现专业优势和工作经验,平常练习的手绘作品若有较为精彩的也可以大量放进去,出色的手绘功底深得老师欢心。准备4-6本供老师传阅,一般60-80页,可以把大创项目或是本科期间帮老师做的项目内容放进去,跨专业的同学还可以适当放一些自己专业的作品,可以起到锦上添花的作用。服装设计方面可以准备4-5个系列(可以用大学作业,但必须有说服力),包括手绘和PS绘制的系列,展现自己对服装设计创作和绘制技法的熟练程度,自己要能阐述出自己系列作品的灵感、创作过程,此外成衣更是必不可少。白鸽指导教师:李莉婷05清华美院服装设计考研真题2018年2019年2020年未来考试趋势分析2019年视传—建筑2020年—动物—朱鹮2021年—植物、纹样??或者直接考察设计素描、设计色彩、创意思维、快题设计·····贾三川指导教师:李莉婷06清华美院服装设计考研建议针对史论如果设计史与美术史结合,也不是没有可能,国内目前部分院校的史论考试由设计史与艺术史结合,2021年如果清华美院再次改革,将美术史纳入考试范围,也是在情理之中。帮助考生制定全套复习解决方案、把握考试变化趋势、提高专业水平和应试技能、增强应试竞争力和提高成功机率,缩短考试周期和减少精力时间消耗,让你从激烈的竞争中脱颖而出,弘时考研状元笔记,考研抢分必备!在我们的系列视频中,不仅视频有图有分析。相配套的文本材料,跟随着视频内容一一对应详情!针对手绘建议一定要从素描、色彩、速写三大科入手,切勿投机取巧,更不要跨越基础学科直接进入马克笔训练,不积硅步无以至千里,清华美院导师组深谙人才成长之道,他们喜欢基础扎实的孩子,希望大家稳扎稳打!从设计造型,到创意思维,再到快题设计,环环相扣,当然重要的是还是方案设计,希望大家努力提高自身设计素养,达到清华美院考试要求!

其道大觳

2021年考研数学真题

2021年考研数学(一)题库【历年真题+章节题库+模拟试题】第一部分历年真题2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一真题及详解 2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一真题及详解 2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一真题及详解 2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一真题及详解 2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一真题及详解 2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试考研数学一真题及详解 第二部分 章节题库 高等数学 第一章 函数、极限、连续 第二章 一元函数微分学 第三章 一元函数积分学 第四章 向量代数和空间解析几何 第五章 多元函数微分学 第六章 多元函数积分学 第七章 无穷级数 第八章 常微分方程 线性代数 第一章 行列式 第二章 矩 阵 第三章 向 量 第四章 线性方程组 第五章 矩阵的特征值和特征向量 第六章 二次型 概率论与数理统计 第一章 随机事件和概率 第二章 随机变量及其分布 第三章 多维随机变量及其分布 第四章 随机变量的数字特征 第五章 大数定律和中心极限定理 第六章 数理统计的基本概念 第七章 参数估计 第八章 假设检验 第三部分 模拟试题 全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一模拟试题及详解(一) 全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一模拟试题及详解(二) 全国硕士研究生招生考试考研数学一模拟试题及详解(三) 更多资料2021年考研数学(一)考试大纲解析2021年考研数学(一)全套资料2021年考研数学(一)考前冲刺班找学习资料就上畅学苑学习网,助您乘风破浪一次通关!

持田

考研数学命题规律总结之概率论部分 不要再说数学难

历年的研究生考试当中,考研数学都是很多考生的拦路虎。而在考研数学中,概率统计部分又是部分同学的老大难。为了帮助考研同学更好的迎接新一年的研究生考试,小编整理过去十年的数学考研真题。经过小编认真研究,现将历年真题中存在一些规律,进行归纳总结,希望能够对正在考研复习的2020年考生有所帮助。一、2010年~2019年考研数学一概率统计中出现的主要知识点根据2018年最新的考研数学大纲,数学一考查的内容一共包含八章内容,这八章内容在一般的概率统计教材应该都是可以找到的。如图:考研数学的大纲近十年来基本上没有发生什么大的变化,小编估计2020年也不会发生很大的变化。所以,在目前阶段我们完全可参照2019年的考研大纲有针对性的进行复习。通过对近十年的考研真题的分析,研究生考试中的题目实际上是有一定的侧重点和规律性的。由于篇幅所限,在此小编简要介绍常考知识点和侧重点,详细介绍另文介绍。第一章,随机事件和概率是整个考研数学概率统计的基础,本章的知识点都是一些基本的定义和运算。一般情况,这一章的知识点不会单独拿出来考一个大题,考查形式都是融合到了后面各章知识点来考查。第二章随机变量及分布是作为第三章多维随机变量及分布的基础。因此在这两章中,考试题目主要出现在多维随机变量这一部分。多维随机变量这一章是研究生考试出题的重点章节,可以说每年必考,每年只是考试形式的改变而已。第四章随机变量的数字特征,这部分内容也是作为基础,重点在掌握基本的概念和性质。本章的知识点,不会单独考查,主要有两种考察形式:1.作为大题中计算完成之后,顺带着求个期望或者方差;2.作为计算题计算过程中需要用到的知识点。第五章.大数定律和中心极限定理,这一章的知识点不太容易出现在大题中,所以在以往的真题中,近十年只有一年的题目中用的了大数定律,其余各年本章知识点没有考查过。第六、七、八章是统计部分,这三部分重点在第七章参数估计。而参数估计这一章中,重点又在点估计的两种方法:矩估计法和最大似然估计法。近十年的研究生考试中,矩估计考了三次,最大似然估计法考了九次,几乎年年必考。最大似然估计法是概率统计所有知识点中考查次数最多的一个。而区间估计和假设检验则考查相对较少,近十年中各考查了一次,而且还是填空和选择的形式。二、近年考研数学一概率统计主要知识点的考查趋势小编将近十年的考研真题做了统计,考研数学的考试题目仍然是以考查基础为主。随便拿出哪一个题目来看都没有超纲或者特别难、怪的题目。比如多维随机变量和参数估计这两部分是每年的考试重点,几乎每年必考。小编以这两章的题目为例给大家解析,为什么考查的就是基础知识,很多同学却不会做呢?多维随机变量中考查的题目,在考研大纲中要求的就是二维随机变量,实际考查的也是二维随机变量。在前些年考试考查的都是单纯的离散型随机变量或者连续型随机变量,也就是题目当中的二维随机变量的两个随机变量类型相同。类型相同的二维随机变量是平时连续较多,相对简单的题目。而近年来,考查的二维随机变量更多的是一个是离散的,另外一个是连续的。这类二维随机变量在日常学习中较少遇到,这给考试学生增加一定的难度。参数估计这一章的知识点考查的内容和形式相对固定,也是考查重点之一。前面小编介绍过,参数估计这一部分的最大似然估计几乎是每年必考,并且形式固定。近十年考题中,这个知识点考查了九次,全部都在整张数学试卷的最后一题(23)。并且,在这九次考查中,问题几乎完全一样:求相关参数的最大似然估计。方法也基本一致:除去2015年另外的八年完全可以按照常规方法求出来。所用的方法大家都非常熟悉:1.写出似然函数;2. 对数似然函数;3. 求最大值(求导数等于零);4.解出相关参数。另外,区间估计和假设检验在前些年没有考过,只是在2016年填空形式考查了区间估计。2018年考查了假设检验的相关内容。但是,即使这两年的考查中,只要理解的相关内容就可以很多写出结果,根本不需要那些繁琐的公式。三、在考研数学一考试中概率统计哪些知识点会成为测2020年考研考试的热点?根据以上整理的主要知识点和近十年主要考点,小编也斗胆预测一下2020年研究生考试那些知识点会成为考试的重点。首先,考查基础知识这样的主基调一定不会改变。就像第一、而章这样的基本知识章节,可能不会单独的出题目来考查,但是这些知识一定不会缺席。这些知识完全可以融合到其它知识点中去考查。换句话说,离开这些基本概念其它知识点的题目也不可能顺利完成。比如,多维随机变量的相关题目必然会用到一维随机变量掌握知识;数理统计的相关题目一定会用到随机变量的数字特征。所以,基础知识一定是考研学生复习的首要任务。具体的知识点,最大似然估计法过去十年考查了九年,根据统计知识,2020年考查的概率还是非常大的。另外,在考研数学概率论中计算完统计量之后,考查一下无偏性和有效性也是顺便的事情。区间估计和假设检验在早期从没有考查过,但是在近几年出现了两次,这是不是一种要加强考查这部分知识点的信号呢?当然,这只是小编个人见解和猜测,类似的规律大家都可以去从往年考研真题当中去寻找。四、如何复习应对考研数学一中概率统计相关题目呢?每个人的情况不尽相同,首先根据个人实际情况,趁着时间还来得及,制定详细的复习计划。在研究生考试中考查题目几乎都是考查我们日常学习中的基础知识点。只是,有些知识点在考试中考查方式与我们平时学习的不太一样,导致不太习惯而已。所以,在复习中首先要重视相关的基础知识的理解,在充分理解的基础上,将考研题目和日常学习中的不同点找出来重点练习。比如,小编前面谈到过的混合型二维随机变量。另外,数量统计部分,大部分同学普遍感到公式多、大,不好记。实际上,数理统计大家也应该把重点放到基本概念的理解上,真正的理解了基本的概念和原理,公式自然就能够记住,甚至根本都不用去记忆哪些公式。比如,小编前面提到的区间估计和假设检验过去十年考查过两次,实际只要真正理解了相关的概念,根本不用公式直接就可以看出结果。因此,对于研究生考试中概率统计部分的复习,要具体情况具体分析。对于前四章的知识点(概率部分),主要以记忆相关公式,多练习为主;而对于后三章(数理统计部分),把重点放到理解上。

虚实

2016年考研英语二翻译真题【东西翻译家】

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors.超市的设计目的是吸引顾客在超市内尽可能长时间的停留。The reason for this is simple:原因很简单The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy.你在店里待的时间越长,你看到的东西就越多,你看到的东西越多,你买的东西就越多。And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff.超市里有很多东西。The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more.根据食品营销协会的数据,平均每家超市有大约44,000种不同的商品,而且有很多超市有比这多数万件。The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload.可供选择的数量之多足以使购物者陷入信息过载的状态。According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us.根据脑部扫描实验,如此多的决策要求使我们很快承受不了。After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective,在大约40分钟的购物之后,大多数人不再挣扎于理性的选择,and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.而是开始冲动性购物,在这时候,我们把50%从来不打算买的东西放进购物车里。

2020考研英语一真题及答案「完整版」!

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】!【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案(1-20)1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案(21-25)21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案(26-30)26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案(31-35)31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案(36-40)36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案(41-45)41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案(46-50)46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色,中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合,从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前,当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式,仍旧沿用以前的思维模式,其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者,但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多,并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时,文艺复兴时代已经结束,并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为:“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文:通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文:习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案,2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题,准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单,希望对大家有用:【英语书单】单词:闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词,划重点,后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词,省时间。真题:《考研真相》(英语二:考研圣经):一词一句讲解真题,重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解,不怕你看不懂,还有排除干扰项的方法,帮助提高答对率,适合基础弱的人。作文:英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》:通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文,再用三步作文法帮你拔高,专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》:从94年到现在的真题都包括了,讲解很好,帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题:用这本书练习做题,都是经典题型!同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本:《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书(政治大纲解析);风中劲草(三本书)、肖秀荣系列:精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷;蒋中挺冲刺5套卷;启航20天20题

2020考研数学难度如何?77.77%的投票者认为很难,你觉得难吗?

2020年考研已经过去一大半,走出数学考场的同学们,心情可能不是特别好,作为2016年考过数学一的学长,非常理解大家的心情。因为,回顾过去十年考研,数学最难的可能就是2010年与2016年,这两年的考研数学,无论是数学一、数学二还是数学三,无一例外都很难,不光难在出题套路有所变化,而且计算量也超级大。就拿2016年来说,学长考的是数学一,从做选择题开始,到填空题,就已经发现苗头不大对劲,因为,做过三遍真题的我,发现,这玩意跟做过的真题差太远了,当我做到大题的时候,心情已经非常沉重了。在考数学的考场上,就有女生一直在哭,原来不止我一个人觉得难,而是大家都觉得难,然后,心态稍微调整了下,继续将后面的大题都“写满了”,仅仅是写满了,而不是做出来了,因为,没有一道题的答案是完整能算出来的。当然,最后分数线出来以后,证明确实很难,因为分数线真的很低,所以,很幸运,学长也过线了。那么,2020年的考研数学到底难不难呢?是不是与2016年一样难?我们看看已经考完的同学都是怎么说的呢?我们在网上分别找一些考数学一、数学二、数学三的小伙伴们。数学一下面这位同学说:“考的数学一,在他看来,数学一基本上没有时间思考,本以为这题空过去,先做后面简单的,结果发现,越高山丘才发现,都是珠穆朗玛峰”。这位同学,觉得后面的每一道题都难于前面的题,可见今年的数学一真的不简单,没有时间思考,多半是因为计算量大,并且他还提到有同学因为草稿纸与监考老师起了争执,看来计算量确实不小。数学二下面这位同学,考数学二,他虽然说得有点夸张,但是,也说明了今年的数学二也不简单。看看下面这位同样考数学二的同学,这位同学的感受与上面一样,感觉数学二是30年来最难的一次,总体来说,选择题与填空题感觉比较简单,大题比较难,大概有5个大题卡住了,包括两个线代大题。还有一个双重积分和证明和求渐近线。还是考数学二的同学,感受:“原地爆炸,有史以来最难”,心疼考数学二的宝宝们!依旧是数学二的同学,依旧是难在计算量大上。数学三考数学三的一位同学,说,难度偏大,主要在于计算量大。看看下面这两位同样考数学三的同学,感受依旧是一个字:“难”。好了,关于考研亲历者的感受,我们就看到这里,下面进行一个总结。2020年考研数学,整体来说,无论是数学一、数学二、还是数学三,都偏难,尤其是数学二,根据同学们的感受来分析,可能是最近几年最难的一次。我们看一份来自蒋中挺老师创建的关于2020考研数学难易程度的投票,这个投票有11.7万人进行了投票,其中有6.9万人认为太难,有2.2万人认为难。认为太难的人数占了58.97%,认为难的人数占到了18.8%,两者合计77.77%,也就是说,超过2/3的投票人数,认为2020考研数学比较难。那么,今年的数学到底难在哪里?其实,通过分析大家的感受,不难发现,很多同学觉得难,不是在于题目有多偏,也不是在于题目有多新颖,出题套路也没有特别大的变化,乃至于很多同学都觉得,感觉题目都能看懂,就是算不出来。所以,真正的难度在于计算量大上,这与2016年有点相似,所以说,总体来说,数学二可能比2016年难,数学一、三可能比较接近。这对2021年以及今后考研的同学复习又有什么启发呢?启发肯定有,那就是:面对考研数学,没有任何捷径,唯有在掌握基础概念以及题型的基础上,不断去刷题,提高自己的计算能力,提高自己的做题速度。数学,是真正需要实力的,如果不注重计算能力以及做题速度的培养,到了考场上就会发现,什么“套路”、什么“花拳绣腿”,都完全不管用。所以说,对于考研数学,大家千万不要想着走捷径,也不要想着掌握多少“套路”,还是踏踏实实刷题,多练、多做,多总结。最后,既然数学已经考完了,大家就不要再去想,多想无益,再说大家都觉得难,那就是真的难,相信自己,没有什么大问题,分数线也肯定会有所下降。坚持考完最后一门专业课,尽可能将早上的损失补回来!感谢您的阅读,喜欢文章就点赞分享吧!

左拉传

新东方发布2022考研白皮书:预计未来考研人数将持续增长

来源:新浪证券研究生教育肩负着国家高层次人才培养和创新创造的重要使命,是国家发展、社会进步的重要基石,是应对全球人才竞争的基础布局。当前,新的时代背景和发展任务对研究生的选拔与培养提出了更高要求。为助力研究生培训教育改革与发展,新东方教育科技集团携手易观分析,发布考研培训行业研究报告,对中国考研培训行业进行全面分析和洞察,并从2022年考情分析和备考策略两大维度入手,深度剖析考研趋势和原理,推出《2022中国大学生考研白皮书》,为备考学子保驾护航。4月10日,新东方《2022中国大学生考研白皮书》发布会在京举行。新东方教育科技集团董事长俞敏洪出席发布会并面向现场700余大学生发表励志演讲,新东方教育科技集团副总裁、新东方大学事业部总经理许顺康、易观分析总裁刘怡对白皮书进行了深入解读,新东方教育科技集团资深考研教师王江涛分享了考研备考攻略。本场发布会从考研趋势到备考指导,再到个人成长与发展规划,多维度为大学生指点迷津。(新东方《2022中国大学生考研白皮书》发布会)研究生学历成求职“硬通货”,多因素驱动考研热2021年,中国考研报名人数达377万人,较2020年增长10.6%,自2016年以来考研报名人数逐年攀升,“考研热”备受关注。为了帮助考研学子更准确地把握趋势、科学备考,新东方自2017年首次发布《中国大学生考研白皮书》以来,已连续发布四年,凭借大数据优势和教学教研积淀,呈现考研发展历程、方向趋势及备考经验,为考生指点航向,在大学生中产生良好反响。(《2022中国大学生考研白皮书》)最新发布的《2022中国大学生考研白皮书》有两大亮点。首先,由一本增至三本,内容更加丰富详实。其中重新编排的《考纲篇》汇集了过去几年的考研真题解析,从各科目考情分析到备考策略,为考生提供详细指导;《考研志》则通过全国26个城市考研成功学子的经验和心得分享,解答考研学子最关心的话题,并给予其精神的鼓舞。值得注意的是,今年新东方首次联合第三方大数据分析机构易观分析,发布《中国考研培训行业白皮书2021》,从行业发展现状、行业竞争格局、行业用户洞察以及行业发展趋势四个层面对中国考研培训行业进行了全面的分析和洞察。该报告历时94天完成,调研样本覆盖全国25个城市,力图呈现中国考研行业的真实图景,为学生和从业者提供更加客观权威的数据参考。(易观分析总裁刘怡解读考研趋势)4月10日,易观分析总裁刘怡莅临发布会,就考研热的背景、考研培训行业的现状及发展趋势进行了专业解读。刘怡表示,考研人数的逐年攀升,是政策、经济、社会、技术等因素共同驱动的结果。一方面,中国经济发展模式的切换引发人才需求变化,叠加疫情后经济放缓,导致企业招聘规模缩减,对人才的复合能力要求越来越高。另一方面,“灵活用工”的迅速发展,使得个体和组织的关系发生变化,人才的高频流动意味着口碑等软实力的效力减弱,简历上的“硬通货”背书愈发重要,而研究生学历就是其中之一。政策方面,研究生招生规模连续扩大且结构不断优化,带来了更多机会,2020年招生突破100万人,其中专业硕士招生占比超60%。而企事业单位对学历要求的提升和研究生学历的薪资优势,也令研究生学历备受追捧。易观分析预测,在上述因素驱动下,未来研究生报考人数还将继续保持增长。往届生占半数,“三跨”生占比高,考研难度加大新的经济社会背景下,考研人群特性、院校选择有哪些新趋势?考生的需求有哪些变化?新东方教育科技集团副总裁、新东方大学事业部总经理许顺康,结合白皮书进行了深入解读。(新东方教育科技集团副总裁、新东方大学事业部总经理许顺康进行主题分享)许顺康表示,近年来考研人群有两个特征值得关注。一是往届生占比持续提升。2020年往届生占研究生报名总人数的比例高达49.1%,部分院校往届生报考比例约六成,而往届生群体普遍缺乏学习资源与备考环境,另外,重点院校研究生推免比例居高不下,导致以重点院校为目标的考生面临更为激烈的竞争;二是“三跨生”占比较高。跨专业、跨学校、跨地区报考考生占比分别为48%、78%、63%,这部分学生不仅需要专业的学科知识辅导,更需要系统的规划和方向指引。(摘自《中国考研培训行业白皮书2021》)随着在线学习方式融入新生代学生人群,学习场景正在发生改变,而疫情进一步改变了学生的备考习惯。《中国考研培训行业白皮书2021》显示,在考研培训授课方式上,用户更加偏好OMO授课模式。易观认为该模式能够融合线上线下教培优势,形成完整的备考链路,带来更好的用户体验和学习效果。据此判断,线上线下融合发展,将成为考研培训行业主流。《中国考研培训行业白皮书2021》还显示,21至24岁的青年是考研大军的绝对主力,随着00后作为互联网原住民逐渐成为考研主体,学生考研需求更加复杂多元,从以上课接受辅导为主,变为包括院校信息、试题、复习方法甚至心理辅导在内的综合性服务,信息接收与获取方式也呈现个性化趋势。许顺康表示,为满足考研群体不断变化的需求,近年来,新东方深耕一站式服务与OMO模式,通过产品与模式的升级,不断提升考研培训的体验和效果。一方面,在英语优势科目的基础上,实现考研培训全学科均衡发展,并基于技术手段和大数据积累,为学生指导考研目标制定和各阶段复习计划,制定个性化考研方案,力求提升学生备考效率。另一方面,发力OMO模式,将线上线下资源全面打通和复用,实现全场景、全阶段的高效融合。如线上可以满足学生在线课程、题库刷题、背单词等高频需求,而线下则提供重难点答疑、模拟测试,保障学习氛围及效果。目前新东方考研已形成较为成熟的线上线下产品体系:通过考研无忧计划、考研集训营、考研全科课程等产品矩阵,以及“新东方考研APP”、“新东方在线APP”等在线工具,搭建起一站式学习平台,为学生提供便捷高效的学习体验。据悉,2020年新东方考研服务学员数量超40万人次,位居行业头部地位。除考研外,新东方的教学与服务已覆盖四六级、托福、雅思、GRE、GMAT等国内外升学考试,以及教师资格证考试、财会考试等职业考试,针对学生从大一到大四的多元化学习需求,提供全周期一站式解决方案。(新东方资深教师王江涛讲授考研英语备考攻略)发布会上,新东方资深教师王江涛分享了2022考研英语高分攻略,即攻克词汇、精研真题、适当模考,他分别就三方面为考研学子详细答疑解惑,并以三位学生“逆袭”名校的故事,鼓舞大学生逐梦前行,风趣、励志的演讲博得阵阵掌声。新东方关注大学生学习,更致力于其终身成长(新东方教育科技集团董事长俞敏洪带来励志演讲)作为大学生的“老朋友”,新东方教育科技集团董事长俞敏洪再次登台开讲,为考生注入信心与力量。俞敏洪表示,人生的两个要素,第一是抓住当下,第二是关注未来,而设定目标便是连接当下与未来的重要方式。对大学生来说,考研便是一个“务实”的目标,能够引领其迈上更高的台阶。“不过,上不上研究生,不能决定人生的河流能流多远,想爬的山能爬多高,因为我们处在一个变动的、开放的、有着无限可能性的社会。”在充满机遇的时代,最重要的是拥有奋斗的动力和奋斗的精神,他勉励学生塑造专注、大气、乐观、向上的素质和品格,并养成自律的习惯,用奋斗实现理想。正如俞敏洪所言,大学不仅是求学的黄金时期,更是锤炼职业竞争力、塑造人品人格的关键阶段。为了更好地满足学生的学习与发展需求,新东方整合优质资源,在2020年5月成立了大学生学习与发展中心,在提供升学、求职类教学服务的同时,更关注大学生的自我成长与发展,不仅通过专业的职业规划和职业测评、丰富的实习产品和就业指导,帮助大学生找准自己的职业定位、提高未来的职业竞争力,更通过公益活动、主题讲座,引领大学生在学好知识、增长才干的同时,树立积极向上的人生观、价值观,形成受益一生的精神和品质。事实上,新东方始终将提升青年的精神力视为己任,并付出坚实行动,如连续16年开展“梦想之旅”系列活动,俞敏洪率领团队以边走边演讲的形式,把励志火种洒向全国;先后出资1亿元,已连续13年在全国寻访“中国大学生自强之星”,激励大学生自立自强;连续7年发起“百日行动派”,带领学生在一点一滴的坚持中成就更好的自己。今后,这些活动还将以创新的方式深入开展。目前,新东方已在全国27个城市建立了118个大学生学习与发展中心。未来,新东方大学生学习与发展中心将坚持践行新东方“终身学习、全球视野、独立人格、社会责任”的核心教育理念,继续完善教学产品和教学模式,助力大学生成为志存高远、脚踏实地、具备全球视野与国际竞争力的优秀人才,为中国的创新发展贡献力量。

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2016研究生招考泄题案今开庭考前答案已流出

今天(21日)上午,备受关注的2016年全国硕士研究生招生考试泄题案在湖北公安县法院开庭审理。王某某等13名被告人到庭,涉嫌犯有组织考试作弊罪、非法提供出售试题答案罪、代替考试罪等罪行。经公诉人的举证质证,辩护人的询问和辩护,13名被告人均当庭表示认罪,但对具体作案细节提出了异议。目前该案仍在审理当中。2015年11月,《刑法修正案(九)》正式实施,首次明确作弊入刑。据了解,这起案件是作弊入刑 施行以来,首次有犯罪团伙同时涉及组织考试作弊罪、非法提供出售试题答案罪、代替考试罪三项考试类罪名。2016年5月,经过历时4个月的侦办,湖北警方成功破获这起备受关注的案件。下面是这桩案件来龙去脉的回顾。2015年12月26日,研究生考试的第一天,有考生反映,就在英语考试开考前一个半小时,一份手抄的英语考题答案就已经流传在考研聊天群当中。事后经过核对,答案和考题竟完全一致。考研疑似泄题,一时间引起轩然大波。公安部网安局指定由湖北网安部门成立工作专班具体侦查,命名为部督“1560”专案。而在此之前,湖北警方就一直在对助考犯罪活动进行跟踪追查。2015年12月26日上午11时左右,抓捕组在某大学的考点,将正在利用无线电传输设备发送答案的王某波当场抓获,王某波是武汉新生机教育考试培训机构的负责人。顺着王某波的这条线索,湖北警方抓获了涉案的20多名犯罪嫌疑人。经过一个多月的审讯,掌握了河南、武汉两个团伙 从窃题、传题、解题,再到培训、组织作弊、替考的完整犯罪链条。经警方审讯得知,试题是犯罪嫌疑人罗某、李某从河南省某印刷厂窃取的。考验前夕,李某联系到在武汉从事助考犯罪活动的陈某,在郑州和武汉两地招录培训人员。2015年12月25号晚上8点,也就是考研前一天,犯罪嫌疑人 考生胡某 参加了“秘密”培训。犯罪嫌疑人 胡某:反正都是关手机,不要看四周,不要跟别人说话,不要问别人。反正外面很多人就站岗,还有放哨的,搞得很隐蔽。就在培训的现场,他给了什么东西给你的?记者:就是卷子,普通试题卷子他让你记答案还是记什么?题干和答案。你第二天考试的时候,发现这个题目跟那个考试题一模一样了吗?对,就是发了我10分钟做完了,选择题10分钟做完了,真不可思议,我说这太神奇了。2016研究生考试当天凌晨3点多钟,胡某将偷偷从培训现场带出来的考试试卷和答案通过手机发给了犯罪嫌疑人王某波,被警方截获。顺着王某波这条线索顺藤摸瓜,盘踞在湖北长期从事助考犯罪活动的团伙落网。