全国读研真题

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

交白卷和看到答案的考生2019年研究生考试各种奇葩新闻2019年的硕士研究生考试已经结束，然而在网络中曝光的各种奇葩新闻却有点让人拉眼睛，辛苦一年努力复习的考生们在普通高校山东师大遇到了带答案的试卷，而985高校的电子科技大学居然把专业课的试卷发错，面对发错的试卷，考生们只能枯坐3小时，最后无奈交白卷，从中国的普通高校到985高校，都已经把说硕士研究生考试不当回事，用中国的依据俗语，当你对别人不当回事的时候，别人也会对你不当回事，当高校自己都对研究生考试不当回事的时候，那么如何要求高校的导师们对研究生培育当回事？中国高等教育堪忧中国的高等教育堪忧最近几年，中国的全国研究生统考频繁出现泄题事件，那么对于高校的专业考试来说，那么更是一种敷衍差事，山西师范大学的老师们甚至懒得去重新出题，直接把去年的试卷拿来直接对考生进行考核，当被网络曝光时，校方才无奈地通知考生在12月26日重新考试，高校的教授们遇到不断扩招的生源，以及高校的各种变态考核制度，在年底疲于应付各项考核的老师们只能通过敷衍试卷来变相地抗议，不在高校的人们，不会感受到高校的各种考核评价体系的变态，从财务审核报销到繁忙的各种会晤，加上年底的科研考核申报，中国高校的教授们都疲于应对，严进宽出的硕士研究生已经成为常态，自从研究生自费开始，高校都通过各种手段想要提高研究生的招收数量，清华和北大等很多高校研究生数量早已超越了本科生数量，清华北大金本科、银硕士、铜博士并不是没有道理，中国的高等教育质量堪忧！高校研究生和导师们的相互吐槽高校研究生和导师们的相互吐槽最近针对研究生考试，小编写了大量文章，通过高校和社会的一些现象来探讨目前中国研究生学位的含金量，针对网红考研教师张雪峰的言论写过《中国高等教育的悲哀：把考研辅导班竟然办成了一项产业！》的文章，也根据中国就业市场报告写过《高校辅导员也要求博士毕业！难道中国高学历就业市场已经饱和？》的文章，更多的是针对目前中国高等教育体系内研究生和导师们的相互吐槽，中国应试教育培养的研究生们认为自己被导师当成佣人，处处为难自己，以至于中国的研究生都称自己的导师为老板，而中国的高校的教授们却吐槽中国的研究生生源质量太差，需要导师当保姆式的帮助，本来可以自己查文献的事情，也需要导师去帮着找资料，实验需要导师催促着去做，甚至连毕业论文都需要导师帮着去写。很多人在小编文章下留言说小编观点的错误，其实这是由于中国高校研究生教育质量差异造成的，很多不具备研究生导师资格的导师靠着压迫学生去完成工作，而很多名校的导师们都具备有海外留学宽进严出的经历，他们对比自己在海外全靠自己的主动时学习，国内的研究生们面对严进宽出，他们对待科研实验失去热情，只想获得一纸名校的毕业证，这也是为何江苏一名高校教授痛心疾首地说：“自己花费20多万培养的研究生却去苏宁当了销售！”因此，当你觉得某些观点不正确的时候，也许你观察事物站的角度可能不同，当你换一个角度，重新审视某一事物时，你就会发现自己曾今的错误观点，欢迎大家留言吐槽！

考研复习到最后阶段，同学们也要抓紧时间熟悉专业课的真题了，有些院校会在学校官网或者研究生院官网直接提供真题资源，方便学生下载学习。但是也有很多学校不提供考研专业课历年真题，那这部分同学该去哪儿找真题？今天新与成商学院小编来为大家盘点真题来源六大途径：1、参考相关院校的真题这个只是用来参考，毕竟学校和学校的具体要求还是不一样的，但还是有借鉴价值。在备考的时候，时间充裕的话，多做一些同类专业院校的真题集，当然一定要学会甄别，那些不考的题型和内容就不要浪费精力了！2、在线图书馆有些作者会把全国相关专业的真题都编成一本书，上传到在线图书馆或者在线书店等网站，甚至还给出详细的解答，尤其是热门专业的资料更多，这对于考生来说算是提高自己应试能力的最好捷径了。3、关注各类帖子论坛网上会有很多帖子和论坛，除了热心人会无私地分享出自己掌握的真题，还有一些专门的网站会提供专业课真题下载。有时候还会有热心的网友做出参考答案。大家可以有正对性地进行搜索并选择性取舍。很多学长学姐在写下自己备考心路的时候除了会介绍学习方法，很多人也会回忆真题，这就需要你会看经验帖了，基本都是干货哟。4、和研友多交流探讨想要在复习过程中有所突破，就不能闭门造车，不与外界交流。多注意身边考同一地方的同学，没事就与他们谈谈在学习过程中的问题，有时候别人那里往往有自己得不到的东西。经常跟同学彼此沟通复习程度，不但可以巩固关系，更能在复习资料及专业课的上相互补充，实现资源的最大化利用。5、备考院校周围的旧书店和复印店有一些不需要的书籍直接低价卖给书店回收，学校的同学或者教师想要打印资料也都会去复印店，在这些偶尔能淘到一些自己需要的专业课资料。虽然这个概率比较小，但是也不要错过，如果有这种环境的同学们留意一下身边的资源，适当地利用起来。6、移动的资源库，灵活的书袋除了与自己一同备考的研友交流之外，我们一定不要忘记一条最重要的途径：师兄师姐。作为已经成功读研的前辈，他们可以当之无愧的被称为“移动的资源库，灵活的书袋”了，借复习资料的时候，他们都会无私的为学弟学妹提供帮助的，尤其是对于已经考上的师兄师姐而言，非常乐于分享自己的备考经验与收获的，他们更能理解你们的情况，基本都会非常主动给我们备考的同学介绍自己之情考研遇到的难题、分享自己总结的备考经验、解说本专业的重点要点。

距离2019年全国非全日制研究生考试还有不到一个月的时间，在这迫在眉睫的阶段，教育部又公布了一则令人震惊的消息：2019年考研人数达290余万人，较去年增加了52万人，涨幅达21.6%。可以看出，今年的考研竞争再创历史新高，突然多出的52万余人，对于考研生和招生学校来说，面临的压力都是巨大的。考研形势的严峻性还体现在哪些方面，考生们应该如何面对呢？2019考研倒计时随着我国双一流建设的稳步推进，考研人数逐年增多是大势所趋的必然结果。因此，今年全国多数高校都扩大了研究生招生人数，比如复旦大学招生6300人，较去年扩招了700人；西北名校兰州大学今年招收4200人，较去年多出500人；夏门大学招生5000人，高出去年200人。人大、上交大、南大、山大、华中科大、湖南大学招生人数不变，仅有小部分大学减长了招生人数，比如教育界中的“巨无霸”浙江大学今年招生6600人，较去年减少了500人。2019全国部分高校研究生招生人数扩招使得研究生的培养质量成为各所大学不可避免的一个问题，并且短期内无法有效解决。就目前整体来看，我国研究生的培养质量呈现整体下降的趋势，受到社会的广泛关注与质疑。究其原因，在于两方面。一方面，研究生的考核标准不够严格，呈现出形式单一化、论文抄袭化的现象。另一方面是学校新增的师资力量十分有限，学校扩招后的新生数量严重稀释了原有的师生比例。考风考纪以前，我国报考研究生的人数少，竞争压力小。如今考研人数越来越多，“没有毕不了业的研究生”现象已经一去不复返了。考生们面对越发严峻的形势，不论如何，都要将自己调整到最佳状态，全力以赴。第一，给自己信心。事已至此，距离考研日期已是迫在眉睫，没有退路，要知道所有考生面临的压力都是相同。考研不只是学习成绩的较量，更是心理素质的较量，谁能够坚持到最后谁就更有可能笑到最后。放下没必要的顾虑，将身心状态调整到最佳，以破釜沉舟的气势去面对是最正确的选择。考研现场第二，抓紧时间复习。准确来说，距离考研还剩23天，虽然时间短暂，但这段时间可是人类大脑的“黄金记忆时间”，大家一定要牢牢抓住。（1）考生将复习过的大量知识点进行整理与回顾，会收到事半功倍的效果。（2）对易错和具有典型的创新类题目进行归纳总结，找到雷区，亡羊补牢还不算晚。（3）做十篇左右的历年考研真题，培养出考研节奏感，以点带面，增加胜算机率。考研是地狱毕业是天堂第三，虽然今年的考研人数达290万，但依照往年的数据，每年的弃考率也高达10%-20%之间，这对于广大继续深造的考研生来说，未尝不是一个振奋人心的好消息！想了解更多关于中考、高考与考研的相关知识，可关注本号阅读其它更多内容。

所有备战研究生的学生听到最多的一句话，就是研究真题。如何做呢？1、英语先声明一点，考研没有强制要求必须过了四六级。所以没有考四六级的同学们大可放心了（有学校明确提出要求的慎重报考）。1.1 背真题中的单词。考研我没有准备单词书，报班了但是效果不太好，最终只有自己学习了。买了套年的真题，把真题上面所有的单词都被过了。查单词的过程是相当的痛苦，但是坚持下来了，然后就是把单词的意思背过，死记硬背，我没有任何技巧。1.2 研究选项。做完题之后，最痛快的时候就是对答案了。相信大部分人是做对了就不管了，只管做错的题。而且也是看为什么选A，不研究为什么不选B。其实研究为什么不选B比知道选A更重要，知其然也知其所以然就是这个道理。保证对试卷上所以的题目、选项无缝隙的覆盖钻研。1.3 翻译。先说一下，不管你翻译得如何，一定要保证卷面整洁。根据买的真题上的参考答案研究，从用词、句型结构等各个角度研究，然后就是自己翻译。详细英语复习建议看：学长带你学考研英语2、数学数学分数一、数二、数三。2.1 基础知识。不建议直接上来做真题，那样会打击到你（大神除外），先把基础知识学一遍，尤其是资料上面的练习题，如果可以全部自己动手做一遍。切忌一看会了就不动手做，这是万万不可取的。买复习全书的人很多，也有用汤老师、张老师的，大家自由选择，这里不做推荐。2.2 做几遍真题。第一遍真题基础好的同学，这一遍真题应该可以做到90分了，我了解到很少，所以如果这一遍没有做到90不要紧张。就研究这一套卷子，把卷子上面涉及到的知识点全部在学习一遍，然后隔上两天再做一遍。第二遍一定要做到90分以上，最基本的如何破题，答题，技巧要形成体系。2.3 总结。不管你有是否有这样的习惯，现在一定要养成做总结的习惯，把试卷上的知识点做总结，做题的破题点做总结，答题的技巧做总结，甚至答题的顺序都要有总结。详细数学复习建议看：学长带你学考研数学3、政治很多人觉着政治的大纲每年变化最大，没有必要研究真题，其实非也。3.1 利用真题总结知识点。虽然每年大纲变化很大，但是还是有很多主干知识不会变化，利用真题先把主干知识总结出来，先复习这个，不要老说政治考前突击就行。3.2 真题参考答案的答题思路。先研究政治主观题的答题套路，了解套路后才能走好下一步。这样做一来找到答题的套路，二来复习了知识点。详细政治复习建议看：学长带你学考研政治4、专业课很多学校的专业课会有很多的重复的，所以建议把专业课的试题都要背过。专业课就不再多说了。最后祝大家考上理想院校。

2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试昨天开考。虽然近年来考研人数一直呈攀升之势，但今年的增长尤其迅猛，全国报考人数从去年的290万人猛增至341万人，增幅达17.6%；报考北京招生单位的考生也增长了11%。在昨天上午的政治科目考试中，考题紧扣时事热点话题，国庆70周年、进博会等年度国家大事都进入了考题。考研人数5年翻一番国家对高层次人才的需求加上就业形势，使得近几年全国考研人数进入快速增长期，本年度的报考人数已经比2015年翻了一番。来自北京教育考试院的数据显示，本年度全国报考北京招生单位的考生有425295人，比上年度增幅达11%，占全国报考总数的12.5%。其中，报名超过1万人的招生单位有17所高校，包括北京大学、清华大学、中国科学院大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学、对外经济贸易大学、北京航空航天大学、中国传媒大学、北京理工大学、北京邮电大学、首都师范大学、北京交通大学、北京科技大学、北京工业大学、中央民族大学、中央财经大学和中国政法大学。其中仅报考清华大学的考生就超过1.8万名。多种高科技手段防作弊昨天上午开考前，清华大学考点内到处是考研人的身影，校内多家食堂、宾馆向考生开放，综合体育馆二楼也开放供考生午间休息。进考场时，考生要逐个接受身份证鉴别仪等设备的检查，核对身份信息，准考证与本人身份有疑问的考生还要被采集照片。据清华校方介绍，每个考场及考务值班室均由教育部统一装有监控设备，考试期间标准化考场视频监控系统对各考场进行全程录像；各考场充分利用手机信号屏蔽仪、身份证鉴别仪、无线耳机屏蔽仪等设备，对高科技作弊、替考舞弊等违规违法行为进行防范和筛查。英语翻译难倒考生上午11点半，政治科目考完后，多名考生表示，政治题的难度稳定，与时事热点结合紧密。国庆70周年、进博会等年度国家大事不出意料地都出现在了考题里。此外，国家治理体系治理能力现代化、中俄建交70周年及新时代中俄关系、国家勋章获得者张富清、探月工程等内容也成为选择题或材料论述题。但下午英语考试结束后考生们的表情就不那么轻松了。网上考研社区里很多考生表示，被题目难倒了，干脆提前交卷，尤其是翻译部分，“神句迭出，平时缺乏英文原著阅读经验的话很难译出来。”文/记者 雷嘉

新京报快讯（记者 李丽霞 ）12月21日，全国硕士研究生招生考试开考，报考人数达341万人，较去年增长17.59%，报考人数创新高首次突破300万。进博会、国家勋章和国家荣誉称号、时代楷模人物等进政治考题。根据考试时间安排，上午进行的考试科目为思想政治理论、管理类联考综合能力。中午11点50分，中国人民大学考点的不少考生陆续走出考场。2019年12月21日，中国人民大学考点，第一门考试结束，考生从考场内走出，神情各异。 新京报记者 李凯祥 摄2019年12月21日中午，中国人民大学教学二楼，政治考试结束后，考生从考场内走出。 新京报记者 李凯祥 摄谈到第一科考试的感受，小张同学吐槽说“一物降一物，我被政治卷子降了”。他回忆，今年的试题中有一道论述题为“分析自然界中‘一物降一物’平衡法则体现了什么唯物辩证法原理”。然而，在他看来，平时背的很多题目的答案都出现在了今年考题的问题中，上午的考试自己并没有考好。考生从考场内走出与在考场外等待的朋友相拥。 新京报记者 李凯祥 摄此外，多位同学对记者表示，今年的考题中还涉及很多2019年的时事热点话题及人物。“国家颁授国家勋章和国家荣誉称号，对全社会弘扬和践行社会主义核心价值观有何重要意义。”“中国举办国际进口博览会的背景和意义”“为什么说进博会‘交易的是商品和服务，交流的是文化和理念’”“时代楷模张富清”等均进入考题。在小郭同学看来，备战考研期间一直在关注时事热点，加上这些题目多为主观论述题型，不管正确率高低，都能结合知识点写出很多观点。据悉，今天下午2点将进行外国语科目考试。12月22日进行业务课科目考试，部分专业考试时间超过3小时的考试科目将于12月23日进行。新京报记者 李丽霞 李凯祥 校对 李立军

研究生考试专业课真题想要知道考研专业课真题和其他复习资料在哪买，必须要先搞清楚你到底要报哪所院校的哪个专业。现在很多院校都不再公布当年研究生考试的真题了，所以只能凭借应届考生的回忆，或者不一般的关系渠道才能得知，而且是没有标准答案，需要自行琢磨的。当然，并不是所有院校都这样，但基本上热门专业都实行这种政策了。所以，定好了你要报考的专业，就先打电话问研招办，没有的话通过各种关系联系上报考院校和专业的应届考试的学长学姐问考题的相关情况，不过很少有学长学姐在考完几个月后还能记得考题的，所以这种方式也不一定准确，但可以一试。还有如果碰到比较人渣的学长学姐，只是为了骗你钱的话，那就要自认倒霉了。所以研究生考试的真题获取途径其实非常单一，最准确的就是研招办或者报考院校有人，其次只能是通过各大考试机构，特别是专门做考研真题教研的规模较大的机构来获取，因为这些机构和教育部门、全国各大院校的研招办以及研究生都有或多或少的交集，所以他们的渠道开拓能力是我们想象不到的，他们还有强大的教研组和编辑组，对真假考题的甄别和答案解析能力远非一般考生可比，像真研考试网、文举学习网还有新东方考研等全国性综合教育机构都是不错的选择，而且价格适中，特别对于囊中羞涩的大学生来说，几十块钱的真题还是物超所值的。有的考生会很倾向于找学长学姐，但他们只能给你应届或者他们自己备考时的所谓“真题”，这些真题很可能都不准，只是一届传一届，一传十十传百传下来的，源头错了，后续的都错了。但往往隔了一届考生，特别是还考上了的考生宣传后，都认为是真的了，这才是最可怕的。至于各类QQ群、微信群、网店贩卖的真题，远比学长学姐卖的还不可靠。相信一个人，不如相信一群人，相信一群人，不如相信有实力的机构。

这两天的重磅消息，应该就是刚刚开了一场重要会议“全国研究生教育会议”。专门就研究生教育问题开了一个会，折射出研究生培养的重要性和紧迫感。其中最值得考研党关注的是这两条内容：“以提升研究生教育质量为核心，深化改革创新，推动内涵发展”。“提升研究生教育质量”，说明以后研究生想混文凭没那么容易了！原来写论文要脱层皮，以后毕业可能要脱两层皮。“深化改革”则说明，目前的研究生教育会继续大力向国家急需的工科、医学、技术类方向转移。文科、工商管理类等，并不是未来大力发展的方向。所以各类相关的同学要注意——文科及管理类考研的难度可能不会下降。“把研究作为衡量研究生素质的基本指标，优化学科专业布局，注重分类培养、开放合作，培养具有研究和创新能力的高层次人才。”研究生素质作为基本指标，更是说明，研究生必须要有高于普通本科生的素质，在研究生教育和培养上的整体要求，预计会进一步提高。不过，因为提到了分类培养，所以专硕和学硕之间的差距可能会更大。总之，研究生教育工作被提到了最重要的事务清单上来，说明研究生还是大有可为的！大家抓住机会，努力备考！继续加油！今日内容Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated ring the day.——2017考研英语（一）真题本段话题：做梦减轻压力本段难度：中03:15高能词伙progress toward 朝着……前进work through 克服negative feelings 负面情绪难点突破1. 本句的主干是：Most people（主）seem（系） to have more bad dreams（表）。2. 主干后跟有两个现在分词结构，都是状语。第一个分词结构progressing toward happier ones before awakening表伴随，其动作和主句中的动作几乎同时发生。第二个分词结构suggesting that…… ring the day表结果，即“因此表明……”3. suggest后面的that引导的是宾语从句。鱼骨分层（建议点开大图收藏）原创翻译大多数人似乎在晚上的较早阶段做更多不好的梦，而在快睡醒前会逐渐做开心一些的梦，这表明人们在梦里渐渐克服了白天产生的不良情绪。必记单词awaken[wekn] vt.唤醒；唤起；使…意识到vi.觉醒；醒来；意识到negative[neɡtv] adj. [数] 负的；消极的；否定的；阴性的n. 否定；负数；[摄] 底片vt. 否定；拒绝generate[denret] vt. 使形成；发生；生殖