2015年考研英语题型

Think about driving a route that’s very familiar.想想在一条非常熟悉的路上开车。It could be your commutes to work, a trip into town or the way home.这可能是你去工作的路，去城里的路，或回家的路。Whichever it is, you know every twist step turn like the back of your hand.无论是什么，你都非常熟悉每一个迂回曲折。On these steps of trips it’s easy to lose concentration so that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.在这些路上，你很容易失去注意力，感觉旅途所花的时间比实际花的时间要少。This is the well-travelled road effect.这就是熟悉路途的效应。People tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.在熟悉的路途上，人们往往低估了出行所需的时间。The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention.这种效应是由我们分配注意力的方式造成的。When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly.当我们沿着一条熟悉的路线行进，我们不需要集中精力，时间似乎过得更快。And afterward, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it.后来，当我们回想起来，记忆模糊，因为我们并没有集中注意力。So we assume it was shorter.所以我们认为它更短。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

12月22日，2019年研究生考试开考，全国290万考生报名，创下10年来最高记录。第一天英语考试就难哭，“考研英语一难”，“debate是什么意思”连着两个考研英语相关话题上了微博热搜。 看到热搜话题，网友们纷纷表示：“看到大家都不会，我就放心了。”有监考老师看到卷子后都果断放弃了：不少人表示，根本没看懂，今年的题似乎不能按套路来……“感觉今年英语难出新高度，新题型半天选不出来，翻译题做得狗屁不通……和往年真题比也太难了。”到底是什么题目难倒了广大考生呢？根据考生回忆，英语一的小作文题目是，我为一个援助乡村小学（aiding rural primary school）工作，一个国际志愿者要求我写新告诉他项目的细节。许多网友表示，“只认识school”，“rural”什么意思?英语一的大作文是一幅图，两个爬山的人，一个想要放弃，另一个劝他坚持。根据图片写文章，要求简单描述图片内容，阐述图片表达的含义，并给出你的评价。考研二的小作文是一个教授让学生设计一个关于城市交通的辩论(debate)主题。很多考生不认识debate这个单词，拿到题目一脸懵。大作文是根据图表写文章，主题是大学生毕业去向。图表是中文的，描绘了2013年-2018年毕业生的几个选择，很多考生看到“创业”就懵了，不知道用英语怎么表达。那么，今年的考研英语真的有那么难吗？看看专家的解读。2019考研英语一真题小作文参考范文【参考范文】Dear friend,I am greatly pleased to receive your letter and I am writing to you to express my sincere hope that I can offer you some details about the project of Aiding Rural Primary School. The details are as follows.In the first place, the aim of this project is to help rural children in a poor financial condition to improve their English, which needs you make an English teaching plan in advance. In the second place, this project will be held at June, lasting about 15days, therefore it is essential for you to prepare some clothes and daily necessities.In the last place, importance should be attached to the role played by the language e to the fact that there is a few people understanding English, which needs you are capable of speaking basic Chinese.I wish my introction could satisfy your requirement, and look forward to discussing more details with you.Yours Sincerely,Li Ming【参考译文】亲爱的朋友：我很开心收到你的来信，我写这封信主要是为你详细介绍一下关于“援助乡村小学”项目的信息，细节如下：首先，这个项目是为了帮助乡村家庭条件不好的孩子提高他们的英文水平，需要你提前做一份英语教学计划，其次这个项目将在6月进行并将持续15天，因此你需要准备一些衣物和日用品。最后，由于当地的人基本不懂英语，所以你最好学习一些汉语的基本表达。我希望我的介绍回答了你想知道的问题，期待和你讨论更多的细节。你最真挚的，李明【解题思路】今年的小作文考得主要是关于一个项目的介绍，并给这位志愿者回信，那么这篇小作文可以写介绍信，在之前的考试中也有类似的话题，所以构思上还是很容易的。第一段主要表达一下自己收到来信的心情并表达一下自己这封回信的目的，第二段可以展开对项目进行介绍，比如项目的目标、背景、时间或者地点等，也可以拓展一些自己会写的内容，第三段就是常规的客套，希望这封回信能帮到对方或者在未来能与对方进行进一步的讨论。只要你有作文框架和思路，这篇作文还是很容易拿高分的。2019考研英语(二)真题大作文：毕业生去向【题目要求】48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)【参考范文】This bar chart depicts the changes of college students’ different choices after graation from 2013 to 2018. According to the data given above, the percentage of hunting for a job has decreased from 68.1% to 60.7% while the percentage of pursuing a further study in postgraate schools increased from 26.3% to 34.0%. By contrast, the change of the percentage of starting a business is not obvious.There are several possible factors which account for this phenomenon and the followings are the typical ones. On the one hand, e to the increasing emphasis on ecation, pursuing a further study has become much more popular for college students. On the other, it is the stress from fierce employment competition that makes college students realize the significance of enhancing their academic level and practical skills, which explains the reason why the percentage of hunting for a job has decreased obviously.From what has been mentioned above, we can easily come to the conclusion that this established trend is acceptable. And it is wise for postgraate students to broaden their horizons and to improve their practical skills ring postgraate study. Only in this way, can they be qualified for the future position.【参考范文】该柱状图描述了2013年至2018年间毕业大学生选择的变化。根据以上数据，找工作的比例从68.1%下降到了60.7%；选择继续深造的比例从26.3%上升到了34.0%。相比之下，创业的比例变化并不明显。导致上述现象的原因可能有多个，但接下来我要说的是最为典型的两个。一方面，由于对教育的重视程度越来越高，继续深造已经成为越来越多的大学生的选择。另一方面，激烈的就业竞争压力使大学生意识到了提高学术水平和实践技能的重要性，这也就说明了为什么找工作的比例会明显下降。综上所述，可以得出如下结论：上述所反映的既定趋势是可以接受的。但是，在读研期间拓宽视野并提高实践能力才是明智的。只有这样，他们才能胜任未来的工作。考研英语（二）题目如下：Directions: Suppose professor Smith asks you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic, write an email to him. 1）Suggest a topic and with your reasons; 2）And your arrangements.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Don’t use your own name, use “Zhang Wei” instead. Don’t write your address. (10 points)首先，从形式来讲，2019考研英语（二）小作文的出题形式基本和历年真题保持一致，给出一个简要的指导，且依旧延续了历年小作文两点提纲的风格。但是，不变中蕴含的却是变化，参加过考试的考生肯定在考场上就发现，2019考研英语（二）小作文的署名发生了变化，由“李明”换回了“张伟”。这又缘何说起呢？简要回顾2010年到2018年考研英语（二）小作文的署名，我们发现，从2010年到2012年，署名均以“张伟”的形式出现；之后从2012年到2018年，除却2015年的通知，均要求以“李明”署名结束。然而，2019再次换回“张伟”，这就提醒广大考生，考场上一定要仔细审题，不能放过题目中的任何信息，否则都会造成失分。其次，从难易程度上来看，2019考研英语（二）基本也和历年真题持平。题目是围绕一个有关城市交通的辩论展开的话题，具体来说就是一位史密斯教授让“你”制定一个有关城市交通主题辩论的计划，并写出你对整场辩论的安排。“城市交通”是贴近考生生活的话题，所以，针对这一话题，广大考生不用担心缺乏行文思路，导致难以落笔。其次，有关辩论的安排，仔细分析，跟2013年以及2015年考研英语（二）小作文有相似之处。2013年是关于慈善义卖活动的电子邮件，2015年是招募志愿者的夏令营的通知，涉及活动必然要求写明活动起止时间、持续时间以及活动地点，所以，认真备考过的考生在写第二点提纲时可以借鉴2013年和2015年背过的句式及表达进行写作。不过，从另一方面来看，2019考研英语（二）小作文可能困扰考生的地方在于“debate”一词，该词对基础扎实的考生构不成威胁，但对于基础薄弱的学生可能是致命一击，所以，单词是考研英语备考的基石，文都教育的1575词汇书还得是广大考生备考的必选书目。此外，另一个需要注意的点便是“arrangement”一词，该词是可数名词，通常使用复数，若考生在行文中提出多点安排，必须使用该词的复数形式“arrangements”。（浙江24小时记者 郑琳）大家都爱看动动手指，赢精美礼品！2018浙江十大天气气候事件，你说了算下周“真·冷空气”来了　浙江人的冬至有你的独家记忆吗？“我开得想哭”4天7万元油费，舟山船老大拖着外籍无人游艇回港来源：浙江24小时、新浪微博等责编：侯玮编辑：杨柳看完英语作文的网友，为自己点个赞吧 今天考场上的考生，要继续加油鸭↓↓↓

英语真题要从最早的年份做起。我是19考研，当时英语一的真题是从97-18，我就把从97年开始的真题挨个做了一遍。不过新版的真题年份会有变化，我特意找来，下面就结合21版的真题书说说英语真题从哪做，怎么做。我用的真题书是《考研真相》，这本是我考研的时候一直用的，相比较其他书只是分析讲解长难句，这本每个句子都有讲解，我考的时候是文字讲解那种，新版的是句句图解，会更好用。新版真题书分成三部分：基础加强版（2001-2007）：共7套高分突破版（2008-2014）：共7套考前冲刺版（2015-2020）：共6套顺着年份做就可以。复习时间和任务安排3月-6月：做基础加强版，只做4篇常规阅读这段时间还在上课，有些小伙伴可能还要实习，估计也没有太多时间复习考研，所以任务不太重，尽量保证一周做1-2篇，做完之后仔细分析文章。如果时间多，做的快，那就再刷第二遍。7月-8月：做高分突破版，还是只做4篇阅读暑假开始复习时间就比较多啦，可以保证一天一篇，做完且分析。可以把高分突破版做2遍，做不完可以留到开学继续做。9月-10月：依旧做高分突破版，其他题型除作文外也加入复习再把这7套真题阅读刷一遍，完型，新题型，翻译可以每天做一套，也可以按照题型专项训练。11月-12月：做考前冲刺版，准备作文先整理作文模板，心里有大致的写作思路，然后把之前真题的作文部分挨着练一遍。考研冲刺版要严格按照考试时间做，每道题都在规定时间内完成。合理安排做题时间，在保证效率的同时提高正确率。做完对照答案估计自己客观题的分数，基本跟最后考试的分数相差不大。一周做一套就可以，做完认真分析每道题，查缺补漏。说明：1基础版的真题因为时间太远，不管是命题思路还是解题方法跟现在的差别都比较大，所以复习重点要放在学语法，背单词，补基础上。2高分突破版的真题比较有价值，不光要分析文章也要研究题目。3考研冲刺版一定留到最后做模考，如果觉得6套太多，留3套也可以。每年都有很多人一口气把真题刷干净了，最后几天没题可做，也不知道自己复习到什么程度，一脸懵逼的上考场，一脸懵逼的考砸。真题书怎么用？我直接根据自己之前的复习方法和新版的真题书说下使用方法。新版的《考研真相》有3个部分组成：仿真排版的试题，试题解析册，逐句精讲册（改版后新加的）。所以做真题可以从以下3步着手：第一步：做真题1直接用仿真排版的真题，一篇阅读建议18分钟内做完。考试能分到每篇阅读的时间就是这么多，一开始就卡着时间做，这样后面就不用担心做不完。2做的时候尽量用铅笔，或者拿一张白纸，标清题号，把答案写在上面。3做题的时候先题后文，先用1-2分钟浏览题目，注意题目中的定位信息，然后回原文找定位段，一般出题顺序跟行文顺序是一致的。然后开始做题，严格在定位段内找答案，看一道题目读对应的原文，这样可以降低其他段落对题目的干扰。做完题花1-2分钟检查浏览，看有没有答案需要调整。4做题的时候不认识的单词可以标注出来。第二步：分析文章1拿出逐句精讲册，按照上面的图解分析梳理每个句子。我看了下，这个图解很有条理，比如一个句子的主干是什么，一级修饰是什么，二级修饰是什么，这样一拆分再看中文翻译就很清楚，看多了你会发现有些修饰成分对句子大意没啥影响，就是为了增加长度，下次自己分析就可以直接删掉。有时间的话可以自己先拆分图解，翻译，然后对照解析，没时间就直接看书上的。2然后把文章里不会的单词都查出来，这个逐句册里也有标注，而且还区分了重要程度。把标注的掌握了，剩下的即便不认识对理解文章影响也不大，尽量减少记忆量嘛。如果有的单词你确实不认识，少了它句子大意也理解不明白，那还是建议查一下。3在理解文章基础上尝试总结一下每段的主要内容，重点关注这几个问题：①这段讲什么②跟上下段有什么关系③传达出的感情色彩是正面的还是负面的④这个情感倾向是作者本人的还是作者的举例。第三步：分析题目1终于要用试题解析册啦，新版的解析是表格形式的，我超爱这种条理清楚的解题方法。主要是用两种路径找到答案，如果正向从题目找不出来，那就反着从选项入手，一一排除。根据我的经验，排除干扰项的方法比较快，准确率也高，可以直接用这个。2顺着书上的解析分析每个选项为什么对，为什么错。正确选项在原文哪里，是直接的原文重现，还是稍加改写，还是改动比较大，大部分是稍加改写。错误选项是怎么设置的，是无中生有，还是原文各种信息的拼凑，或者是加了反义词，这几个是比较常见的干扰项设置方法。多总结，就会发现，套路就那么几种。不管什么时候做真题都按照这样的流程，时间可能比较久，开始做也不容易，可能光分析文章就要花一下午，这就是为啥真题要刷3遍。最后说一下考试的时间安排和做题顺序，可参考1.大小作文：50分钟，其中大作文30分钟，小作文20分钟，不要养成打草稿的习惯，因为没有时间，字不好看的现在就开始练。2.阅读：1小时，每篇15分钟。3.新题型：10分钟4.翻译：30分钟5.完型：15分钟剩下的15分钟检查答题卡，不确定的答案再斟酌。关于考研英语真题怎么做，什么时候做都分享在这里啦，祝大家考研成功！

大家好，本人是今年2020年应届毕业的一枚医学生，本科是浙江省重点医学院校，今年考研也报了本校。从大三开始就关注了小白考研，收货颇丰，然而今年的考研也是踩了不少坑。为了让接下来考研的学弟学妹们少走点弯路，接下来想给大家分享一下我考研期间自己觉得好的英语学习方法，以及有些需要注意的地方。我的考研英语一的成绩是66分，不算好，四六级是大一上下就过了，四级528六级447，后来太懒了一直没有报名去参加英语六级去刷分，以至于周围一大堆好朋友都上了550甚至有些人都上了600，而我还是原地踏步。对于大家来说，英语六级是越高越好，所以希望还没考研的学弟学妹趁着时间充裕多去刷分，分数越高越好。毕竟这年头，哪个导师不希望自己的学生英语超级6，看文献写综述的时候可以轻轻松松呢。1关于词汇词汇可以说是考研英语中最重要的部分，要从第一天记到最后一天，每天都要记，不能断！我是从大四下开始复习考研英语的，也就是2019年三月的时候。买到的第一本书就是朱伟老师的恋恋有词，每天看一章恋恋有词的单词配合一下对应的视频课。在此吐槽一下，朱伟老师创立韦林后的恋恋有词废话非常多，之后，我和周围同学就一起看了朱伟老师之前在新东方时候的课程，还是干货满满的。大概到了五月份后，我就不再浪费时间看视频课了，就开始单单看书里面的词汇。 到了后期七月份的时候，换过1575、张剑黄皮书里面的词汇，最后还换到考研英语红宝书。可以说，人在往往面对一本空白的新书是很焦虑的，所以到十月我还是回去继续看恋恋有词。说句实在话，如果可以把恋恋有词配合朱伟老师课堂上的单词笔记好好利用好好记忆，反复来回背，其实很够了。我犯的错误就是买的单词书太多，买过来不用又不舒服，用了也没好处。所以在此想告诉大家，单词书，一本就够了。关于词汇书我早该知道的事：坚持一本书，用到终点线。在这里顺便推荐一下大家可能知道的比较少的记单词APP，叫做“不背单词”，里面有个可以导入词汇书的功能。2长难句长难句可能是大家很头疼的一个东西，往往是一篇考研阅读题目中出题的关键所在！关于长难句，我其实并没有下很多功夫。前期对自己似乎有蜜汁自信，后期吃了它不少的亏！后来由于时间紧迫，来不及系统学习了，主要就是在做考研阅读真题试卷的时候，遇到自己读不懂的句子然后把它好好切分。唐迟老师在讲阅读真题课的时候也会提到一些难的句子，可以在试卷旁边做笔记。还有一个就是何凯文老师的公众号，他会有每日一句，如果可以每天坚持下去，一定会有很好的效果。关于长难句我早该知道的事：基础好的同学也不要轻视，因为这往往是阅读答题的关键所在。基础不好的同学一定要早早上心，系统学习，英语的学习是从来不在乎你多早开始的。3阅读阅读无疑是考研英语的大头，占40分，所谓赢阅读者赢天下，这个真的是一点错也没有！对于考研英语的阅读，一定要重视真题。就拿今年2019年英语一的四篇英语阅读来说，每一篇都可以从2015-2019年的英语真题里找到相似类型的阅读，并且词汇重复率极高。在考场上我的感觉就是，我为什么不好好再研究研究近五年的真题。我是很早开始就比较重视阅读了，在这里强烈推荐张剑黄皮书，每个考研儿人手必备的神器。我从2019年三月份开始做了98年到04年的早期的英语真题试卷，由于时间尚早，所以相对来说可以做一做，但是由于年代久远，实际上对于近年来的考研英语帮助并不大。对98-04年的考研英语真题我的意见就是，可做可不做。做了就当练手，不做也没什么关系。我周围很多朋友就是从05年开始做起的05-10年刷个两次，然后后期重点就是反复研究10-19年的英语真题。做英语阅读不是单纯的做英语阅读，每一篇阅读要掐好时间做了——订正后思考再去原文找依据——在题目周围写下一次做阅读的注意事项并且明白自己这一次做错的原因——最后整篇文章全文翻译记笔记。可以说，实际上做一篇英语阅读是相当费时间的，但是一定要一步一步慢慢来，就像唐迟老师说的“慢慢来，比较快”。阅读除了推荐张剑黄皮书，视频课推荐唐迟老师的阅读真题课，还有就是十月份何凯文老师推出的“五夜十篇”，五夜十篇会带你重点分析近年来的考研英语阅读趋向，带你解读题意。关于阅读我早该知道的事：阅读如果可以每天练是最好的。在十一月那会我经常隔了一星期没有去做过英语阅读。这让我在突然拿到一篇阅读的时候一下子没有了手感，所以在十二月一度心态有点崩。阅读还有一个原则就是，主题为王，一切细节都服从主题。记住这句话，会在你即使看不太明白文章每句话的时候也可以做对题。我在考场上一度很紧张，纠结一些题目的时候，就是靠这个来确定最终答案。3完型、翻译、新题型新题型、翻译和完型共占30分，这三块我准备的比较晚，七月开始做完型，十二月开始接触新题型和翻译。为什么这么晚才练翻译和新题型呢，因为新题型看着累，翻译懒得动笔写字。如果可以坐时光机，我一定要回去好好敲打自己。完型的话其实我就是靠语感，对我来说没什么技巧可言，这对平时练习比较有利，一般来说我完型可以拿到8/9分，但是今年考研的考场上我突然开始推理，犹豫不决，导致最后完型得分是4.5。我认为，平时该怎么做就还是怎么做吧。并且其实完型还是蛮有规律的，基本上ABCD在题目中的分布是平均的，每五个之间基本是有ABCD+（A/B/C/D），可以自己去做做看。翻译我当时买了小白拼团的翻译神器好像，同时还看了刘晓燕老师的救命班视频课，所以最后考试的时候还是顺利翻出来了。平时口头翻译每一篇英语阅读的习惯也对我做翻译是十分有好处的，所以最后翻译并没有很吃力。新题型可能是分数最不定、也是充满套路的一个题型，做得好了满分，做不好了全错的可能都有。可以看看老师的视频课，听听技巧。但归根结底，词汇不好什么技巧什么套路都无济于事，所以大家还是要把词汇基础给打得牢牢的，后面才可以好好运用这些套路。关于三小块我早该知道的事：开始的时间要早一点，不要盲信一些学长学姐和你说的晚一点没关系，早一点开始不是更好吗！4作文英语一的大作文20分，小作文10分。作文我是十月中旬开始准备，开始是背了王江涛老师的作文，但是到后期开始发现，大家都背王老师的作文，到考场上要是和别人一模一样不是凉了吗。后来关注小白公众号，应该是趁着双十一有很大的优惠力度，拼了小白的作文还有政治等等。不得不说，小白的那本作文编写的还是很不错的，基本上是手把手教你写作文的首段，中间段和结尾，很多替换的词汇也是帮你准备好了，选择自己喜欢的就好了，而且这本书很薄，不会让你有太大的压力。基本上，靠着这本书整理好了自己的模板，这样上考场算是比较轻松了。关于作文我早该知道的事：早点开始准备的自然更好，不至于后期手忙脚乱。作文就是多背多写，模板一定要是自己的，多背诵后整理了自己的东西，便是最好的。

关于考研英语如何复习？按照“合——分——合”的步骤，上一篇说了第一部分“合”（预备阶段），接下来说“分”，即专项训练。“分”成几块研一研！（专项训练）如果说上面提到的真题检测是预备阶段，那么从“分题型精研”（专项训练）开始，则进入了真题的正式复习阶段。当然，不是“合”完之后，就立刻开始“分”。要是在之前的检测中，发现自己和考研之间有很大差距，还得先复习“基础知识”——就英语而言，即“背单词”和“补语法”；要是自己和考研之间差距特别小，可以直接开始专项训练，在“分题型精研真题”的过程中巩固基础知识。“分”的意义在于：（1）专注做一件事更容易成功。完形、阅读、新题型、翻译和作文考查的重点不尽相同，如果同时开始复习，会导致精力分散、失去焦点，可能什么都复习不好。在一段时间内集中全力去攻克同一个题型，大脑会在重复训练中不断强化、不断深化，反而更容易出成绩。 （2）先复习分值更大的题型。考研英语一分值：阅读（40分）>作文（30分）>完形（10分）=新题型（10分）=翻译（10分）；考研英语二分值：阅读（40分）>作文（25分）>翻译（15分）>完形（10分）=新题型（10分）。（3）先复习更易提分的题型。考研英语一提分容易度：阅读>新题型>作文>翻译>完形；考研英语二提分容易度：阅读>新题型>翻译>作文>完形（个人观点，仅供参考，这里的提分容易度是综合“难易程度”和“提分空间”做出的判断）。（4）先复习比较基础的题型。这里的“基础”，指的是可以为后续复习提供帮助的题型。举个例子，在复习完形、阅读、新题型这几个选择题时，如果你能做到真正意义上的“精读文章”（不只是分析试题答案，而是逐词逐句扫清文章中的词汇障碍和语法障碍），其实也是在给翻译和写作做积累，能够在一定程度上提升翻译和写作能力。综合以上几大要素，建议大家按照“阅读—新题型—作文—翻译—完形”的顺序进行专项训练（具体可结合自身情况进行调整，但阅读一定要最先开始复习；而作文难度较大，需要付出更多时间和精力，不建议太晚）。注意事项：（1）不要在专项训练时就做完所有的真题，一定要留出至少5套完整的试题进行下一阶段成套精研。（比如，把《考研真相》“考前冲刺版”2015—2020这6年真题留在最后进行成套精研，用“基础加强版”2001—2007和“高分突破版”2008—2014共14年真题进行专项训练；或从“高分突破版”开始，留几年后面的真题用于成套训练——具体留多少年，需根据专项训练的结果而定。）《考研真相》里面是一句一句图解文章的，基础再差也能看懂，还总结了一套完整的解题方法，从题干和选项分析，挨个排除了干扰项，可以帮你提高正确率，适合基础差想多提分的考研党用。考英二的话，就用《考研圣经》，同一系列的英语一真题《考研真相》（2）专项训练时，各题型的练习套数不必追求完全一致，应根据题型的重要程度和自己的掌握程度灵活调整。举个例子，阅读可能需要做十年，甚至更多套才能较好掌握；但新题型可能做五六套就没问题了。（3）后期时间如果比较紧张，或者为了缓解枯燥，可以同时开始两个题型。比如，翻译和作文就可以作为一项长期工程，从某个阶段开始每天坚持翻译一个句子（精读阅读文章其实也是在复习翻译），或者每天坚持摘抄一句作文佳句（到一定阶段可以每天坚持写一个英文句子）。

都说考研英语很难提高，其实不然，只要掌握方法，提分很容易。下面就给大家分享我复习过程中总结的一些学习方法~重视解题技巧像单词和长难句这类英语基础，直接决定了你英语分数的下限，而解题技巧就直接决定了英语分数的上限。在搞定英语基础的前提下，解题技巧利用得好的话，英语分数会有一个质的提升。我还明白了一个事实（不得不说，考研使我成长~）：不管我们学什么，第一个“老师”都对我们影响最大。所以，最开始学习解题方法的时候，一定一定甄别一下你打算跟着学到底的“解题方法”靠不靠谱！（就像“男怕入错行，女怕嫁错郎”，话糙理不糙。）现在很多真题书在解题方法上，大部分都只是简单的技巧总结。比如阅读，很多书都是先表明每个试题属于哪一个考点，然后针对该类试题总结规律。但是，大部分人连哪个考点都分不清楚，更别说能熟练地运用书里说的技巧解题了。而且，这些规律的限制条件还很多。并且，很多书只是在讲题，而不是解题，在知道正确答案的前提下，套原因，“证明”它为什么对；对于错误答案的讲解也是一样的。PS：再插播一条关于真题书的碎碎念。如果你刚决定考研，对考研还不了解的话，在选真题书的时候还需要格外注意一下书里的解题方法理解起来有没有难度，能不能实实在在地帮你解题。方法方法，能一下子解决一类题型的才叫方法。我当初选考研圣经，除了讲得详细之外，还有一个原因是解题过程看着也很细，而且我能看懂。后来题做得多了，发现圣经里面讲的方法都是通用的，很明显的，1类题1个方法，还有可以套用的具体的步骤。解题可以套用，能保证一定的准确率。《考研真相》解题步骤学会利用考研真题1.不同年份的真题，利用价值是不一样的①英语二真题：2005-2009年的MBA试题，是英语二真题的前身，这个阶段的真题我是按照题型分类进行复习的。先用《考研圣经》一句一句仔细分析真题，主要解决词汇和语法这两个大麻烦；然后分析解题方法，来培养正确的解题思路，还是按照书里的解析来的，这本书里的解题方法讲得比较容易理解，每一类题的方法是通用的。2010-2020年的就是英语二真题，这个阶段的真题命题思路参考性比较大，因为数量比较少，所以特别珍贵，我就重点研究了。刚开始先是按照考试时间自测一下，检验下我之前辛辛苦苦复习的成果，然后用《考研圣经》一句一句分析文章，一道一道分析试题解析。总结感悟下命题规律。还有最新三年的真题我留着最后冲刺了，毕竟考前还是要模拟下的。②英语一真题2005年之前的英语一真题，题型都不太稳定，价值不大。2005年之后，英一的题型才稳定成现在这个样子，一直没有变。所以我不建议细细地研究2005年之前的真题，拿来练习可以。因为我考英语二，所以，只做了《考研真相》的2015-2020这6年的真题，英一、英二题型都一样。2.真题不只做一遍我当初考研的时候，看到很多同学把真题看了一遍又一遍，但每次都没有侧重点，很多人只是为了寻求心理安慰，如果是这样，就算做100遍又有什么意义呢？重要的不是你复习了几遍，而是你每一遍安排得有没有意义。真题我一共复习了3遍：①研究真题前，你总得先做题试试真题水深水浅吧，我会先用《考研圣经》的空白试卷严格按照考试时间做一遍真题，看看自己哪些句子看不懂，哪些题会，哪些题不会，哪些题是蒙的，做到心里有底。我一般用铅笔答题，在研究完真题之后会再用橡皮擦掉，再做一遍题，检验一下学习成果。②接下来就是非常非常详细地研究真题文章，我直接看着《考研圣经》一字一句分析真题，重点看词汇和语法讲解，全程不用翻手机、查字典和语法，我一套题差不多研究了快一个星期，我不觉得慢，真题仔细研究才能研究到精髓。③最后一遍主要是研究各题型的解题方法、命题思路这些。《考研圣经》的解题步骤很好套用，我研究了几套题，基本上就能熟练应用了，熟练之后再做题，正确率会提升很多。做题的时候要重点关注这些问题：正确选项为何正确？错误选项错在哪里？命题老师是如何给我们挖坑的？正确答案出处的句子有什么特点？命题人为什么会在这个地方出题而不在其他地方出题？其他地方可不可以出题?如果让你来出你会怎么操作？3.刷题一定要选考场排版的真题书！因为要刷好几遍，在这个前提下，选一本最便宜的就好。记住了，真正考场排版的真题书结构是这样的：封面1页+试题14页+空白页1页，“闪过”《真题真练》就是这样的，我在考场上见到的真题也是这样的。现在很多真题书为了卖货说自己是真题排版，其实根本就不是。2010年之后的真题，总页码少于15页的试题，都不是仿真排版；文章和题目不在同一面，做题还得翻页的，也不是仿真排版的真题（我在考场上见到的真题是不需要翻页的）。《考研真相》和《考研圣经》排版都是“作文千万不能放过1.如果你英语水平一般，一定要补写作基础如果英语水平不咋地，复习作文的时候，可以先补基础，比如和各种作文话题相关的单词，这样不至于说你遇到某些话题连单词都写不出来。还有一些写作句型，先从简单的开始，再尝试学习复杂点的从句，其实考研作文没必要都写那么难的句子，有那么几个亮点句让阅卷老师感觉你水平很高就行了，分数就上去了。然后再练习练习经典的3段论，开头段、中间段、结尾段分别储备几个你拿手的句式，作文基本上就没有太大问题了。作文一定要注意避免不要出错，单词、句式都要保证写出来的就是对的，原则就是不为了写高级的句子冒险犯错。感觉我用的《写作宝中宝》和张国静的网课是绝配，先用《写作宝中宝》补基础知识，像单词啊，写作句式这些，然后听网课里面的靓句法则拔高一下水平，完美。2.不依赖模板我发现很多朋友都喜欢背一些“句子很长、辞藻很华丽，而和考的话题关系又不大”的万能句子，然后在考试的时候挖洞填关键词。其实，这种所谓的“模板”并不能解决问题。因为阅卷老师在改卷的过程中对模板很反感。只要是模板作文，小作文通常给2分，大作文英语一通常给6分，英语二给5分。有经验的老师看一眼，甚至看书写就能知道你的水平。再好的模板，大家都在用，就很容易撞车。考研英语作文的句子不在于“长”和“难”，好的作文具有“简洁、平淡如水”的特点。高分作文的特点是：没有模板或模板很少；没有错误或错误很少；不偏题。3.不迷信押题考前两个月遇到很多同学抱着侥幸的心理，迷信考研机构的各种“押题”，而放弃了努力和坚持。事实上，考研英语命题组的老师在命题的时候，刻意采用逆向思维，反押题。考研英语命题老师多是北外、上外、北大、清华英语系的教授，他们不希望你压中题目，所以写作一般考老话题、中性话题，或者是次热门的话题。而且，考研英语一般是从十二月才开始命题，那前一年考完研之后到这一年11个月的话题，都可能在写作考试的范围内。所以，多看看话题、做足准备是王道。关于作文话题，我大部分看的是自己的作文书（我的作文书是买网课送的《写作宝中宝》），里面有很多重点的话题，并不是每一篇都要背，大概了解一下话题该从哪些角度下手就可以了。4.提高自身实力在考研英语中，其实是“得写作者得天下”，只有写作拿了高分，总分才能提高。有的小伙伴肯定要说：老师说少用模板，多用临场发挥的句型，可是我发挥不出来怎么办？我想说的是，只有平时多背多看，静下心来沉淀自己，才能“胸中有丘壑”。The most difficult thing is the decision to act. The rest is merely tenacity. 最困难的是下决定，剩下的就要坚持了。为你加油！

在考研英语的题目中，占比最大的就是阅读理解，很多同学在阅读上十分很多，最后拖垮了整个英语成绩。对于复习考研英语，个人认为只要你能把我国的应试教育规律掌握了就可以。因为学习英语和英语考试是截然不同的，而在我们现在备考研究生考试，就是在最短的时间内取得最高的成绩，这就是我们的目的。经过对考研英语历年真题的研究来看，出题都是有一定规律的，只要你在做题时能把这些规律掌握了，最后你的成绩也不会差。平时也听到很多同学说，我把历年考研英语真题都做了好几遍了，并且把大纲词汇也背过了（如：恋练有词、何凯文1575等等都看了）我再看文章时还是看不懂，题目也读不懂，最后做完题一对答案，几乎全错，这到底是啥原因呢？我个人认为，你做了那么多的题，都没有总结过以及分析每个选项的特征，你只是为了做题而做题，希望大家能认真反思一下你自己，是不是这样子的。每道题的四个选项中，对于错误的选项，正确的答案到底有啥特点？出题人到底是如何出题的，经过对历年真题的研究和总结，发现出题人在出题时，我们在考研阅读中14个左右是可以做对的。对于考研的真题中，记叙类的文章是没有出现的，也不会考的，因为很难读懂。接下来，我们就拿真题给大家分析一下：英语一 2014年：第一篇《对英国财政打车奥斯本的失业保障计划的批评》，第二篇《对美国法律服务价格高问题的原因和措施分析》，第三篇《对目前在自然科学界出现的新兴互联网企业设立新奖项这个现象的评价》，第四篇《美国艺术与科学学院所做的增强美国国民人文素质的报告内容进行介绍，并指出其弊大于利》。英语一 2015：年第一篇 《西班牙国王的退位应使英国皇家感到恐慌》，第二篇《最高法院应该为手机隐私制定保护条例》，第三篇《科学杂志决定对论文中的数字准确性进行审查，作者介绍了各方面对这一行为的看法》，第四篇《正如窃听案件所证明的那样，我们的公众生活中的确存在道德目标确实的情况》。我们可以从这些题可以看出：这些文章有一个共同的特征：就是对一个事物加以简单得描述，或者通过描述表达某种或者某些观点、看法和态度。因此这些都可以归结为大类的议论文。而对于考研阅读来说，阅读理解就是考察我们的阅读能力，就是提取文章的有效信息的能力，所以不管阅读的题如何变化，就是看我们能不能在最短的时间内把答案找出来。也许你会发现议论文的有效信息就是通过文章所表达的观点、论点以及作者的情感和态度，这些一般都是考研出题的重点。还有不少同学也许会问，考研中细节性的东西具体是哪些？主要分为以下二点：第一：研究生是选拔性的考试，所以考试对归纳总结能力比较看中，不会考原文中出现的原话，希望大家注意转折处的出题。第二：大部分考研学子不会认真去分析历年真题，再加上受部分老师模拟题的影响。好多老师的出的题答案都是拼凑，所以建议大家英语不要做模拟题，只做真题就可以。最后对正确选项的分析，我们可以得出以下二个特征：一，表述上必须具有相对的抽象性概括性宏观性。二，表述上不能太绝对且较模糊，不能带有过于强烈的感情色彩和倾向。一个过于具体的概括不能成为论点，而一个表述上极端的论点是站不住脚的，很容易受到攻击，这是议论文的常识。阅读理解命题选项话题范围的区分。有三个选项在谈论同一类别或者范围内的话题，而第四个正确选项的话题离这个范围要远一些，这样答案出现争议的可能性就相对减小。比如:2017年英二22.which of the following contributionsto long waits at major airport?[A]New restrictions on carry-on bags新的手提行李限制[B]The declining efficiency of the TSA下降的 TSA 效率[C]An increase in the number oftravelers游客的数量增加[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks频繁的意外秘密检查【解析】[A][B][D]讨论的都是通关过程具体的事物，[C]讨论的是人的流量，话题范围明显不同。2016年 英二22. Indelivering lessons forhigh-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their____[A]experience 经历[B]interest 兴趣[C]career prospects 职业前景[D]academic backgrounds 学术背景【解析】[A][C][D]都是外部、相对客观的评价要素。[B]兴趣则相对主观，话题范围不同。2016年 英二27.Radesky’sfood-testing exercise shows that mothers’use ofdevices ______[A]takes away babies’ appetite 影响婴儿的食欲[B]distracts children’s attention 分散孩子的注意力[C]slows down babies’ verbal development减缓婴儿的言语发展[D]reces mother-child communication 减少母婴交流【解析】[A][B][C]都是立足于孩子自身进行论述，[D]论述的其他主体和孩子的关系，话题范围明显不同。最后简单介绍下阅读技巧：第一：先对文章得进行段落标记，在看阅读理解的题干，弄清5个小题的题干问的是什么，把相关的人名、段落、题干的类型什么一一留意，以便阅读的过程中做标记。第二：勾画关键词句。这里我们在第一次阅读的时候需要对题干里面出现的相关信息做简略的标记以便下一次来找这个信息的时候能够快速反应过来是这个地方。第三：翻译关机词句的意思。如果你的翻译水平比较好，可以全部翻译出来，这样与便于对全文意思的理解和对问题的判断。第四：采用跳跃式的快速阅读方式开始第一次阅读。这第一次阅读需要注意的就是题干的信息和关键词句的信息，阅读的时候伴随着对关键词句的翻译。速度一定要快。第五：开始二次阅读，也就是第二遍的精读过程，这一次你依次看问题的选项，然后立刻找到对应的文段对题目做出最准确的判断。（部分内容整理自网络，侵删）

最近有同学询问有没有2020考研英语的考试分析，有的！下面分享君带来2020考研英语的考试分析，给出了平均分，这也就是教育部考试中心才能抽样一百多万份试卷中得出的结论：可以看出2020考研英语一平均分比2019略高，按照这个情况，2021英语应该是要稍微难一些，把平均分拉回48分附近，我们发现2018，2019分数相差只有0.02分，可以说忽略不计，2020比2019提高了将近0.6分，相对来说是一个比较大的波动，所以今年大家备考英语还是要提高警惕，增加难度，做好心理准备。考试分析中也给出了题目的难度分布，大部分还是中等难度题目，难题和简单题加起来只有20%的比例，还是挺符合二八定律的：接下来看英语二的情况：英语二的平均分能够很明显的看出最近三年的波动情况，2019年题目相对偏难，造成了平均分只有52.66，然而2018年和2020年，平均分都是在55分多，所以可以预见的是2021考研英语二难度会增加，平均分会下降，考完后大家都觉得翻译部分较为简单，考试分析也给出了类似的评价，所以大部分人感觉难，那题目就是难，感觉简单的话，也同样，总体来说2021年考英语二的同学压力应该还是挺大的。考试分析同样给出了英语二题目的难度分布情况，大家可以对照题目查看：最后分享君提醒大家：在认真备考的同时一定要保证充足的睡眠和均衡的饮食，对了，最近天气变冷，同学们要记得添衣保暖哦，千万别感冒了。特别是在最后关头，一定要照顾好自己，千万不要因为身体原因影响自己的复习进度和考试。