The fact is that the energy crisis, which has suddenly been officially announced, has been with us for a long time now, and will be with us for an even longer time. 事实是,虽然官方突然宣布能源危机的存在,然而长期以来我们一直面临着能源危机,而且这种情况今后将会持续更长的时间。Whether Arab oil flows freely or not, it is clear to everyone that world instry cannot be allowed to depend on so fragile a base.不管阿拉伯的石油能否源源不断地流出,人人都清楚,再也不能让世界工业依赖于如此脆弱的能源基础了。The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time, and in anycase, the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use.石油供应可能随时会被突然切断;不管怎样,以目前这种消费速度,只需30年左右,所有的油井都会枯竭。New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.必须找到新的能源,这需要时间;而过去我们感觉到的那种能源廉价而充足的情况将不大可能再出现了。For an indefinite period from here on, mankind is going to advance cautiously, and consider itself lucky that it can advance at all.在今后的漫长的时间内,人类将谨慎前进,而且应该对自己能够继续前进感到非常幸运。To make the situation worse, there is as yet no sign that any slowing of the world’s population is in sight. Although the birth-rate has dropped in some nations, including the United States, the population of the world seems sure to pass six billion and perhaps even seven billion as the twenty-first century opens.使目前状况更糟的是,至今尚无迹象表明,世界人口的增长在近期内会减慢。虽然包括美国在内的一些国家的出生率已经下降,但是在21世纪初世界人口似乎肯定会超过60亿,或许甚至超过70亿。The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of procing and marketing food.食品供应的增加将远远赶不上人口的增长,这就意味着我们在粮食的生产和购销方面已陷入危机。Taking all this into account, what might we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year 2001?考虑到所有这些因素,我们可以适当地估计一下2001年的超级市场将会是什么样子呢?To begin with, the world food supply is going to become steadily tighter over the next thirty years -- even here in the United States. By 2001, the population of the United States will be at least two hundred fifty million and possibly two hundred seventy million, and the nation will find it difficult to expand food proction to fill the additional mouths.首先,今后的30年内,世界的食品供应日益紧张,甚至美国这里也不例外。到2001年美国人口将至少达到2亿5千万,也可能是2亿7千万。那时,美国将很难扩大食品生产来满足人口增长的需要。This willbe particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in thehigh-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.这种困境将是确定无疑的,因为能源的匮乏使农业无法以高能消费这种美国耕作方式继续下去了,而按照这种耕作方式可以投入少数农民就获得高产。It seems almost certain that by 2001 the United States will no longer be a great food-exporting nation and that, if necessity forces exports, it will be at the price of belt-tightening at home.几乎可以肯定,到2001年美国将不再是一个食品输出国;如果必须出口的话,那么其代价就是美国国内人民将勒紧裤带。In fact, as food items will tend to decline in quality and decrease in variety, there is very likely to be increasing use of flavouring additives.实际上,由于各种食品往往会质量下降、品种减少,这就非常有可能更多地使用调味添加物。Until such time as mankind hasthe sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable supportfor all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”.除非人类终于意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度,使地球能为所有人提供足够的饮食,否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语考试部分已经结束,对于许多参加考试的学子而言有人欢喜有人忧,然而更多的还是源源不断地抱怨吐槽声。为何会出现这样的情况呢?根据考生透露,主要是今年英语考试中出现了许多新单词,还有许多自己从未接触过的翻译,考完之后感觉自己的英语水平受到了“羞辱”。那么究竟是怎样的题能让众多考生纷纷摇头呢?我们来看几道。第一种:自己挖坑型网友在完成英语小作文时,介绍到了岳飞,此时就想将岳母在在岳飞背上刺上“精忠报国”的故事介绍一下,然而呢,无奈实力有限,实在不知道如何翻译精忠报国,于是急中生智,写了一个“I love China”,真不知道该夸这位网友聪明还是该说他没有提前做好规划。第二种:才疏学浅型在考研英语翻译题中出现了这样一个词“Renaissance”,不得不承认这是一个并不怎么常见的单词,对于考生而言,自然没见过的概率很大。于是就不知道这个单词该怎么翻译了。不过网友可不笨,一看这个单词放在句中还大写,不是人名就是专有名词啊。专有名词肯定猜不出具体什么意思,但是人名还是可以猜一下的嘛。于是呢,他就巧妙地将”文艺复兴“给翻译成了”瑞娜萨莎“,是不是毫无违和感?不过这个分数只能说与你无缘了。第三种:怀疑人生型参加考研的学子英语水平不一,难免就有一些确实英语基础较差,再加上此次英语考试题目难度较大。于是呢就会出现一问三不知的情况。就像上图中的网友就很生动形象地描述了当时自己的心理状态。”看到英语试卷,我对它说:hello,nice to meet you!“"英语试卷说:你好,题目是各种繁体生僻字,请答题。"风趣幽默的比喻将当时考场中众多英语基础较差的学子的心理状态描述得淋漓尽致。第四种:当场崩溃型不得不说这一次考研英语的难度让众多考生对自己的认识更加深刻,终于明白以前引起为傲的英语与别人之间还是存在着不少的差距。这不,这次考试由于生词较多,不少考生甚至没有答完题。就像上图中的考生一样,小作文、翻译都没有做完。之前提到的文艺复兴也没有翻译出来。考完直言:”英语一是我受到过最大的屈辱!“当然英语要想考高分离不开一定的词汇量。此次英语之所以成为众多考研考生最大的阻碍,莫过于不认识的单词太多,也从侧面反应考生的词汇量仍存在不足。所以当务之急还是利用空余时间多提升下自己的词汇量。英语和语文类似,需要大量的记忆和使用。今年的考研接近尾声,明年或者将来参加考试的你们,准备好了吗?
第一部分:英语运用阅读下面的文本。为每个标有数字的空格选择最合适的单词,并在答题卡上标好A,B,C,或者D。即使家人们并不像从前一样坐在一起吃饭,数百万的英国人仍然惯于共度周末,享受这个国度的最伟大的传统之一:星期天烤肉。( 1 )一个寒冷的冬日,很少烹饪的乐趣能够( 2 )它。然而正如我们现在报道的,食品警察认定这( 3 )应该被呈现,另一有罪的快乐( 4 )伤害我们的健康。户外烤肉食物标准局已经( 5 )一个公开警告,即关于一种( 6 )高温烹饪的食物中产生的名为丙烯酰胺的化合物的风险。这意味着人们应该( 7 )发脆他们的烤土豆,摒弃薄皮披萨并且只( 8 )烘烤他们的面包。但是支撑如此危言耸听建议的证据在哪里呢?( 9 )几个研究表示丙烯酰胺会导致老鼠的神经系统损伤,没有( 10 )证据表明它会导致人类癌症。科学家们说,这种化合物是( 11 )致癌的,但是没有确凿的科学证据。( 12 )预防原则,可以说遵循食物标准局的建议是( 13 )。( 14 ),吸烟致癌曾经多年是谣言直到证明那是( 15 )的证据被找到。丙烯酰胺无疑,在周日一片煮牛肉总是可以( 16 )上,与一些清蒸蔬菜一起,没有约克郡布丁和葡萄酒。但是这样的人生值得过吗?( 17 )食物标准局说,这不是让人们把烤食品切出(18 )而是减少他们的终生摄入。然而它的( 19 )风险作为一个讲道词和保姆的杂交出现。持续的健康恐慌只会( 20 )没一个人倾听。A、in在……里 B、towards向…… C、on在……上 D、till直到A、match匹配 B、express表达 C、satisfy满足 D、influence影响A、patience耐心 B、enjoyment享受 C、surprise惊喜 D、concern担忧A、intensified变本加厉地 B、privileged享有特权的C、compelled迫使 D、guaranted保证的,肯定的5. A、 issued 发布 B、received收到 C、ignored忽略 D、canceled删除6. A、under在……下 B、at在……方面 C、for为了 D、by用,被7. A、forget忘记 B、regret后悔 C、finish完成 D、avoid避免8. A、partially部分地 B、regularly规律地 C、easily容易地 D、initially最初9. A、Unless除非 B、Since因为 C、If如果 D、While然而10. A、secondary其次 B、external外部的C、conclusive最后的 D、negative消极的11. A、insufficient不够的 B、bound必定的C、likely可能的 D、slow缓慢的12. A、On the basis of 基于 B、At the cost of 以……成本C、 In addition to 另外 D、 In contrast to 与……相反13. A、interesting有趣的 B、advisable明智的C、urgent紧迫的 D、fortunate幸运的14. A、As usual如往常一样 B、In particular尤其C、By definition显然地 D、After all毕竟15. A、resemblance相似 B、combination组合C、connection联系 D、pattern模式16. A、made做 B、served服务 C、saved储存 D、used使用17. A、To be fair公平地说 B、For instance比如说C、To be brief简单来说 D、In general一般来说18. A、reluctantly勉强地 B、entirely完全地C、graally逐渐地 D、carefully小心地19. A、promise承诺 B、experience经验C、campaign运动 D、competition比赛20. A、follow up追踪 B、pick up捡起 C、open up打开 D、end up结束
长难句是考研英语中一大拦路虎,因此学会如何运用语法知识破解长难句也是同学们在基础语法学习的过程中的终极目标。本文以2020年英语一翻译真题为例讲解长难句破解,快来一起看看吧,希望能够帮助2021考研同学哦~一、With (the gap between) the church's teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.1、寻标志,断长句:断句标志“1)with(the gap between)...... by the renaissance,2)the gap between ......bridged,3)Leading to new......territories2、抓住干,识修饰主干:the gap had been bridged修饰:a. with ...... the Renaissance作伴随状语b. leading to new and ......territories作结果状语3、调语序,定句意1)译文:“随着教会的指导和思考方式的差异被文艺复兴变得黯然失色”解析:between...and “在...之间”,作后置定语修饰gap,翻译的时候翻译到gap前面,其余顺译2)译文:“中世纪和现代的差异被消除了”解析:整体主谓结构,between...and 在...之间,作后置定语修饰gap,翻译的时候翻译到gap前面,其余顺译3)译文:“导向崭新的和未经探索的知识领域”解析:lead to“导致”,顺译4、依逻辑,组整句:伴随状语顺译,结果状语顺译译文:随着教会的指导和思考方式的差异被文艺复兴变得黯然失色,中世纪和现代的差异被消除了,导向崭新的和未经探索的知识领域。二、Despite attempts by the Church to suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists,more explorations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that people could no longer ignore.1、寻标志,断长句:断句标志1)despite attempts by the church to......rationalists2) more explorations for how the universe functioned were being made3) at a rate that people could no longer ignore2、抓住干,识修饰主干:more explorations were being made修饰:a. despite attempts......rationalists作让步状语b. at a rate ...... ignore作方式状语3、调语序,定句意1)译文:“尽管教堂做出许多尝试去压制新一代的逻辑学家和理性主义者”解析:by the church,介词短语作后置定语,翻译到名词前面; attempt to do sth.试图做某事,顺译2)译文:“但是更多对于宇宙是如何运作的探索正在进行”解析:整体主谓结构,顺译;for+how宾从,介词短语作后置定语修饰exploration,翻译到exploration前面3)译文:“以人们难以忽视的速度”解析:at a rate that 以......速度;that从句作定语从句修饰rate,翻译到rate前面4、依逻辑,组整句:让步状语顺译,方式状语翻译到所修饰的动作前面译文:尽管教堂做出许多尝试去压制新一代的逻辑学家和理性主义者,但是更多对于宇宙是如何运作的探索正在以人们难以忽视的速度进行着。
1, We don't have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.1,我们不必学习如何保持心理健康,它植入在我们身上,就像我们的身体知道如何治愈伤口或修复骨折一样。2, Our mental health doesn't go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.2,我们的心理健康不会去任何地方;像云后面的太阳一样,它可以暂时隐藏起来,但它完全能够瞬间恢复。3, Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.3,心理健康让我们能够待遭遇困难之人以同情,待痛苦之人以善意,无论是谁,都以无条件的爱待之。4, Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.4,尽管心理健康是治愈我们生活的良药,它让我们平凡的生活变得完美,正如你所见,它一直在指引你度过所有艰难的决定。5, As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.5,正如你将明白,知道心理健康是永远触手可及并值得信任,会让我们放慢脚步,活在当下,过得幸福。
原文+译文:When a Scottish research team startled the world by revealing 3 months ago that it had cloned an alt sheep, President Clinton moved swiftly. 三个月前,当一个苏格兰研究小组宣布他们克隆了一只成年绵羊时,世界为之震惊,克林顿总统迅速做出反应。Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment -- although no one had proposed to do so -- and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.他宣称反对利用这种非同寻常的畜牧业技术去克隆人,并下令禁止联邦资金用于此类实验——尽管还没有人提议要那样做——并要求一个由普林斯顿大学校长哈罗德·夏皮罗为首的独立专家小组,在九十天内拿出有关克隆人的国家政策的建议,向白宫汇报。That group -- the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) -- has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft of their recommendations.这个名为“全国生物伦理道德顾问委员会”(NBAC)的小组一直在非常积极地工作,集思广益,并诉诸笔端;在5月17日的一次会议上,委员们就接近定稿的意见书取得了一致意见。NBAC will ask that Clinton’s 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law.NBAC将要求克林顿总统禁止联邦资金用于克隆人的九十天禁令无限期地延长,并且还可能要求将之立法。But NBAC members are planning to word the recommendation narrowly to avoid new restrictions on research that involves the cloning of human DNA or cells -- routine in molecular biology.但是,NBAC成员们正计划在建议的措辞上更为严谨,以避免给克隆人体DNA或细胞等研究带来更多的限制——(这属于)分子生物研究中的常规课题。The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.然而,该小组尚未在一个关键问题上达成一致,即是否建议立法机关将私人资金用于克隆人的行为法定为犯罪。In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by alt nuclear cloning.”在5月17日会议上讨论的建议序言草案中,夏皮罗表示,专家组已取得广泛的共识,认为“试图利用成人细胞核去克隆婴儿将是违背道德伦理的”。Shapiro explained ring the meeting that the moral doubt stems mainly from fears about the risk to the health of the child. The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.夏皮罗解释说在与会期间,道德上的怀疑主要源于对婴儿健康的担忧。随后,该小组非正式地接受了几项概括性的结论,尽管有些细节尚无定论。NBAC plans to call for a continued ban on federal government funding for any attempt to clone body cell nuclei to create a child. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo’s life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research.NBAC计划呼吁继续禁止为任何企图利用人体细胞核去制造婴孩的做法提供联邦政府基金资助。因为现行的联邦法律已经禁止联邦基金用于制造研究用的胚胎(人类后代出生前的最早阶段)或有意识地危及胚胎的生命,所以NBAC在胚胎研究这一问题上将保持沉默。NBAC members also indicated that they will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer. NBAC的成员明确表示,他们将呼吁受私人基金资助的研究人员和诊所不要尝试通过人体细胞核转移来克隆人。But they were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning. Shapiro and most members favored an appeal for such legislation, but in a phone interview, he said this issue was still “up in the air.”但他们在是否进一步要求联邦立法强令完全禁止克隆人这一问题上存在分歧。夏皮罗和大多数委员赞成将此立法,但在电话采访中,他透露这一议题仍“悬而未决”。试题:51. We can learn from the first paragraph that.[A] federal funds have been used in a project to clone humans[B] the White House responded strongly to the news of cloning[C] NBAC was authorized to control the misuse of cloning technique[D] the White House has got the panel’s recommendations on cloning52. The panel agreed on all of the following except that.[A] the ban on federal funds for human cloning should be made a law[B] the cloning of human DNA is not to be put under more control[C] it is criminal to use private funding for human cloning[D] it would be against ethical values to clone a human being53. NBAC will leave the issue of embryo research undiscussed because_.[A] embryo research is just a current development of cloning[B] the health of the child is not the main concern of embryo research[C] an embryo’s life will not be endangered in embryo research[D] the issue is explicitly stated and settled in the law54. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that.[A] some NBAC members hesitate to ban human cloning completely[B] a law banning human cloning is to be passed in no time[C] privately funded researchers will respond positively to NBAC’s appeal[D] the issue of human cloning will soon be settled答案:B C D A
2020考研英语刚刚结束,英语一整体难度适中,与近几年的真题思路接近一致,关于翻译部分,五个长难句依旧各有难度,文章背景主要讨论文艺复兴时期的思维变化,整体词汇有一定难度,今天文都考研英语将为同学们总结翻译考点,并和同学们分享翻译相关的复习方法。考点一:With引导的随从状语与被动关于with的状语翻译,真题中:With the Church's teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance,直接可以译为:随着...,与主句进行连接;本句中状语还有被动结构,被动处理的两种方法:变为主动和保持被动,在本句可以译为主动:在文艺复兴时期黯然失色。考点二:同位语从句的翻译关于同位语从句的翻译,今年在真题中为:including the geo-centric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. 可以看出同从修饰名词view,同学们要注意区分同从和定从的区别,后面从句的内容进一步解释说明前面观点,译文可以用“即”或者冒号连接两句话,译为:其中包括地球中心说的观点,即:地球是宇宙中心。考点三:修饰成分的翻译翻译的一个难点就是处理好句中的修饰,并且能还原成正常的中文语序,在这个过程中可以适当更改单词词性和语义,在真题中:attempts by the Church to suppress this generation of logicians and rationalists,名词attempts由两个介词短语进行修饰,在翻译时,根据语义进行调整:尽管教会试图镇压这一代逻辑学家和理性主义者。考点四:状语从句的翻译除了修饰的处理,有些长难句难点在于整个句式结构上,尤其是状语从句的考察,今年的真题中,出现了as引导的状从:As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world,as在句中引导的时间状语从句,意为:当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时。考点五:长难句主干的识别五个翻译句子中,对长难句主干的识别尤为重要,在今年真题中:Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what the information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase 'sapere aude' or 'dare to know'. 整个句子为一句话没有明显的断句标志,在找主干时,可以先找出核心谓语动词were captured,前面部分为主语,后面为状语,整理后主干为:such actions were captured by...。以上为今年的翻译重点解析,关于翻译复习上,建议同学们平时除了积累词汇,还需要进行长难句的断句识主干练习,每星期练习30个句子,并且在练习过程中将修饰成分全部标出,经过练习一定能在翻译模块取得不错的进步。
“Intelligence” at best is an assumptive construct -- the meaning of the word has never been clear. 智力充其量只是一个假设性的概念,因为智力的含义从来就是模糊的。There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term thanthere is on how to interpret or classify them.人们对智力这个词所指的各种表现意见比较一致,而对这些表现的解释或分类则有不同的看法。But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems.但普遍认为,智力高的人是能指那些够迅速领会思想、区分事物、进行逻辑推理并运用文字和数字符号来解决问题的人。An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school.智力测验只是粗略衡量一个儿童学习的能力,尤其是学习学校所要求的各种知识的能力。It does not measure character, social adjustment, physical enrance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is not supposed to -- it was not designed for such purposes.智力测验并不测定人的个性、社会适应能力、身体耐力、手工技能或艺术才能。其设计初衷也并非为了测定这些方面。To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.批评智力测试不反映上述情况,就犹如批评温度计不测风速一样。The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair.我们要注意的另一件事是,对任何测试对象的智力评估都是比较而言的。Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison.既然对智力的评估是比较而言的,那么我们必须确保,在对我们的对象进行比较时,我们所使用的尺度能提供有效的或公平的比较。It is here that some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test performed involves at least three factors: the intention to do one’s best, the knowledge required for understanding what you have to do, and the intellectual ability to do it.正是基于这一点,产生了一些让我们关注的问题。进行任何测试至少要包含三个因素:尽力考好的意向,理解考试要求所需要的知识,以及做这件事情所需的智能。The first two must be equalfor all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.如果从智力方面进行任何比较的话,那么对所有的被比较者来说,前两个因素必须是一样的。In school populations in our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable, and the value of intelligence testing has been proved thoroughly.在我们的文化培养的学生中,上述设想可以公平合理。这就完全证明了智力测试的价值。Its value lies, of course, in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction.它的价值当然就在它对预测提供了令人满意的依据。No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test;没有人会对一个儿童在测试中所取得的分数感兴趣。what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require “general intelligence.”我们感兴趣的是,我们能否从他测试的成绩中得出结论:与同龄人相比,这个儿童在完成我们认为需要“一般智力”的任务时,他会做的更好还是更差。On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.总的来说,得出这种结论是有一定把握的,但前提是必须两个假定成立:这个孩子对测试的态度和与他相比较的孩子对测试的态度相同;他没有因为缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。
每年四月都会写一篇关于如何正确做阅读精翻的文章给当年考研的小伙伴们看,以确保大家都能正确做精翻,不浪费时间,高效的复习,快速提高英语基本功。今年也不例外,下面我们就来看看考研英语阅读精翻的正确打开方式吧。所谓精翻,顾名思义,就是精确仔细的翻译,对于所有考研的学生来说,大量精翻历年的阅读理解真题文章是有效并快速提升英语基本功及阅读能力的途径。因为可以在精翻过程中巩固词汇,语法知识,练习翻译方法和技巧,提高语言组织和表达能力,更深入的理解文章的内容,丰富不同方面的背景知识,把握篇章整体结构,从而整体提升阅读的能力。所以,精翻绝对是提高英语水平、考研英语拿高分的必经之路。下面老毙就为大家介绍下正确做精翻的四个步骤:第一遍翻译不要查单词,不要翻语法书,就根据自己认识的词,自己的理解翻译,遇到生词就根据语境和上下文去推理和引申,争取推出单词和短语的含义,遇到长而难的复杂句子,要划分下句子结构,找出主从句,分清修饰成分,老毙告诉大家,尽量做到精细化分,然后再一点点的翻译,切忌这一步不要查参考书,一定要自己动手写到纸上,不能仅仅在头脑里想象,那不是做翻译,是在看翻译。第二遍翻译这一遍可以查单词了,把第一遍翻译时不认识的词和短语都查查,看看自己第一遍猜对了没有。如果猜对了,一定记住思路,以后遇到生词时就可以这样猜词义了。如果没猜对,那就从这个单词在词典中的几个意思里选择一个最符合上下文的意思放在文章中去理解。或者是根据语境,在单词基本含义的基础上,对单词的意思进行最符合上下文的推理引申。再就是第一遍分析长难句时如果有不懂的语法现象,翻翻语法书,再重新看看那个长句子到底怎么理解,也就是说在有参考书查阅的情况下再次翻译和修改,应该比第一次翻译的要好了。第三遍翻译这一次可以拿着参考答案的译文来对照了,包括答案中一些对长难句的解析都要看,看看自己欠缺在哪里,是没能根据单词的基本释义推出具体语境的意思,还是长难句理解有问题,没搞清句子结构,主从修饰关系,还是语序没有调整好,语言组织和表达的不够完美等等问题,然后一一改正并记录下来,把该背的单词短语都背下来,然后反思自己的不足,避免下次犯同样的错误,当然,在对照的时候不需要逐字逐句必须和答案完全一致,只要大致意思相同即可。但是语序调整的问题一定要注意。第四遍翻译有了前三遍的基础,相信你一定对文章内容有了很深刻的印象了,对大多数单词和句子以及翻译也都了解了,那么,忘记参考译文,重新再翻译一遍,凭自己对文章内容的理解,用自己的语言再好好翻译润色下自己译文。通常情况下,一篇文章经过这样四遍的翻译,无论是单词,短语,还是句子,你都会有很深刻的认识了,然后把该背下来的都背下来,如果一篇文章能够实打实的做到这四遍,经过一段时间的练习,阅读能力一定有很大的提高和质的飞跃。老毙有一点要提醒小伙伴们,四遍的翻译过程中,思考是最重要的,总结自己做的好的地方,思考自己的不足,不能心急,考研英语本就是个靠点滴积累,慢慢进步不能一蹴而就的科目,只有这样做精翻才是正确的打开方式,才不会浪费时间做无用功。考研使用毙考题,不用再报培训班。
考研英语,翻译是很多考研童鞋们的伤。其主要的原因是,基础没有打牢固,词组和单词量的积累不够或者对意思的理解有偏差。其实翻译是很容易得分的题目,记住下面总结的这些近20年真题中的常考的翻译词组,可以帮我们更加高效地做出翻译题目,有效地把握命题的规律!其实这些词组不仅做翻译很有用,做完型填空的时候也是有用的,完型填空里面就会有很多的固定搭配。自己写作文的时候也可以合理地使用这些词组,让改卷的老师眼前一亮的赶脚。最后,21考研的童鞋要好好加油咯!已经正式步入6月份了!