2018年考研英语二试卷

2021考研英语初试已经于12月26日下午14点到17点结束，文都考研考后为大家整理了2021考研英语初试真题及答案解析，方便考研人在考研结束之后核对估分以及2022考研人了解考情，下面一起来看下2021考研英语二真题及答案解析完整版。2021考研英语二真题及答案解析(完整版)以上就是“2021考研英语二真题及答案解析(完整版)”的相关内容，文都考研会在考后带来更多2021考研初试真题及答案解析，考研人持续关注!#2021考研#

2020考研英语二真题及答案【完形篇】完形填空真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points)Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1。particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than2. a younger sibling.3.There's another sort of parent that s a bit easier to 4 a patient parent. Children of everyage benefit from patient parenting. Still,5 every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6.Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a 7 and composed style with their kids. I understand this.You're only human, and sometimes your kids can8 you just a little too far. And then the 9happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit to 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over,We've all there:12.even though it's common, it's important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue. you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a 1ong time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with. your child but also 14 your child's self-esteem.If you consistently 1ose your 15with your kids. then you are inadvertently modeling a lack ofemotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most important of a11 life's skills.Certainly, it's incredibly18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A morepractical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with 19situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal. you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.答案1. tricky2. for example3. fortunately4. describe5. while6. task7. tolerant8. push9. inevitable10.harsh11. turn back12.however13.regret14.affect15. cool16. importance17. confronted18. hard19. changing20.emerge好了，关于完形填空的真题和答案就整理到这里，不管结果好与坏，这场考试已经结束了，2021考研被提上日程，2021考研的小伙伴，可以参考近几年的考试真题，来制定来年自己的复习计划。考研的话，一般是大三第二学期开始正式复习，大半年时间够用，并不是越早越好，太早的话容易懈怠和疲劳，你现在年前可以先准备前期的复习了，比如英语单词，考数学的话，比如做书上的基础题，了解更多考研的常识，搜集复习资料，年后准备就绪，进入状态。如果基础不是很好，你就用英语一《考研真相》/英语二《考研圣经》做真题吧，一句一句注释词汇、一句一句分析语法，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂。真题资料就选它！

2020考研英语二真题及答案【作文】！真题：一个饼图：60%用来学习知识，21%用来消磨时间，4%是其它，17%是获取信息。高校学生手机阅读目的调查【参考范文-网络版】As is vividly depicted in the chart, it provides the information concerning the reading purpose of college students by mobile phones in a certain university.To be specific, the percentage of learning is 58%, which is biggest among the four categories. Meanwhile, acquiring information, entertaining and others account for 28%, 12% and 2% respectively.Without a doubt, the real purpose of the chart is to tell us that a majority of college students read their phones for study rather than have fun. On one hand, with the rapid development of science and technology, our smart phones become increasingly convenient for students to study. Instead of taking numerous books in their bags, they prefer to put significant learning materials into their phone and then they can read them at any place they want. On the other hand, the present college students are under huge competitive stress. As a result, they are aware of the significance of learning in college,where they should enhance their knowledge and skills to cope with the challenges and obstacles in the years to come.Taking above reasons into consideration, we could firmly believe that the tendency will continue in the forthcoming years.小作文：真题Directions:Suppose you are panning a tour of historical site for a group of international students1) Say something about the site2) give some tips for the tourYou should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name at the end of the email. Use“Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address (10 points)[参考范文--网络版]Dear international students,Welcome to China! Knowing that you have a keen interest in Chinese historical sites, I am writing to recommend you to visit the Forbidden City, one of the prestigioushistoric relics in China.Here are the brief introctions . Firstly, The Forbidden city is the imperial palace of the two dynasties in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Secondly, located in the capital of China, the Forbidden City showcases many collections of ancient arts and antiques, which offer a glimpse of China's extensive and sophisticated culture.Finally, what needs to pay special attention to is that you had better book tickets online ahead of time though any digital devices. Before visiting, to take a panorama of the palace would be a sensible to guild your trip and save much time.I hope my suggestions would be of benefit for you. Please feel free to contact me. I am looking forward to your reply.Enjoy your tour!关于作文的真题和参考答案就到这里啦，今年参加考研的小伙伴可以好好休息一下啦。2020考研已经结束，话说2021考研还会远吗？备考2021考研的宝宝们，不用害怕，考研一般在大三第二学期2月份开始，考研的话，大半年时间够用了，现在你可以搜集了解目标院校的招生简章、专业目录、参考书目、报录比这些信息，尽量找一些已考上的学姐学长，了解参考书目、真题等信息。有机会的话去目标院校多转转，没准儿会有意想不到的收获。现阶段，你应该学好英语和专业课，打好基础，为你的正式备考打好基础。说到资料，数学的话，一般来说汤神讲的细、基础，适合基础不好的，李大帝综合性强。英语的话，真题安利英语一的《考研真相》/英语二的《考研圣经》，逐词逐句精解，一句一句解析每一篇真题，完形填空和阅读理解都是一句话一句话给你分析讲解的，补基础很不错。

Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they're not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible 1earning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something. we can choose to 1ook for the lesson we re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again.Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have 1earned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed .[参考译文]人的一生总要经历一些失败。有些人生活极其小心翼翼(谨慎)以至于他们那儿也没过。简言之，他们根本没生活过。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，这完全取决于我们看待方式。我们可以选择视失败为“世界末日”，或仅是我们能力不足的证明，亦或可以将其看学习经验，尽管有点让人难以置信。每次的失败，我们都能选择把它看作本要掌握的经验。这些经验十分重要，它们关乎我们如何成长以及如何避免再次犯错。只有我们允许失败阻拦我们时，它才会阻止我们前行。失败也让我们更加了解自己，而这些是我们之前从未意识到的。例如，失败让我们自己是多么强大，失败也能帮你发现真正的朋友，或者帮你发现通往成功的出乎意料的动力。真题出来了，答案对完了，心情还好吗？考研英语还是有难度的，加上考研人数年年增加，今年已经突破400万，后面的形势会越来越严峻。21考研的小伙伴要好好准备，尤其英语，每年放倒多少英雄好汉（捂脸哭）。不过还是相信人艰不拆，上岸书单送给大家：单词书《考研词汇闪过》，按照考频划重点，频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，一目了然，清晰好记。真题书：英一《考研真相》，英二《考研圣经》，逐词逐句图解文章超详细，不用再翻工具书，英语渣的神助攻。作文书：英一《写作160篇》，英二《写作宝中宝》，高分词汇，基础句型，经典模板应有尽有，好背又好用。关注微信公众号“巨微考研英语”，获取更多备考资料！

在2019年研究生考试结束后，很多考生都在网上吐槽今年的考研英语一的试题难度太高，一些阅读理解里面的词汇都成为了网上的热搜，比如说单词rural debate等单词都成为了微博的热搜，在百度上也一时间成为了网友争分吐槽的话题。而一些考生事后吐槽说考研英语二的试题难度和英语六级相当，所以考研英语二没什么可复习的，仅仅复习英语六级就可以了，还可以得高分。事实真的如此吗？考生复习先了解一下考研英语。考研英语分为英语一和英语二，一般报考学术型硕士研究生的考生，考研英语考英语一，而对于报考专业型硕士研究生，考研则会考英语二。之所以进行区分，是因为学术型硕士研究生和专业型硕士研究生培养目标不同，学硕是为了培养学术人才，要进行国外大量文献的阅读，才能了解最新的学术成果。而专业型硕士研究生则是为了培养适应企业实际需求的应该型人才，因此对考研英语的考察与学硕相比，考察的侧重点不同，难度有所降低。可以看到英语二的难度明显会低于考研英语一的难度，一般考研英语一成绩在60的同学，他们考研英语二的成绩会在70分左右，而简单的认为考研英语二的难度就和英语六级的难度相当，这是不妥的。英语复习就考研英语和英语六级出题来看，一个是教育部考试中心进行命题，一个是大学英语四六级委员会出题，二者出题的思路和风格不同，前者是选拔考试，后者是能力考试。你六级425分及以上就过了，但考研英语各个专业国家线不一样，不是简单滴过了某个分数线就可以了。就考察的内容来看，由于考研不考听力，所以只分析考研英语二和英语六级相互对应的题型。就考研英语二的阅读理解和英语六级的阅读理解来看，考研英语二的阅读难度要明显的高于英语六级的阅读难度，二者在单词和长难句的理解上，明显考研英语二难度略大一些。就英语六级阅读来看，做一篇阅读的时间大概是15分钟以内，但是考研二英语阅读的做题时间明显会高于15分钟，而且考研英语二的选项的设置更加地刁钻，排除各个选项不容易。而从考研英语二的作文和六级的作文来看，难度不是很大，作文这一部分差异不大。最后从完形填空来看，英语二的难度要比六级的完形填空难度要略高，并不是很容易的就可以做出来。考场外复习从历史来看，考研英语二也只是新生事物，在2010年开始推行，在工商管理硕士英语联考的基础上完善形成，最初的考研英语二确实相对简单，但是后来逐渐地提高了考试的难度，在过去考研英语二的难度比英语六级难度要低，但是现在从阅读理解来看，考试难度已经比英语六级略大了。就每年的考研国家线来看，英语二的国家线大部分的专业分数线在44分上下，还有部分专业是30%左右，大体上是总成绩的45%，而英语六级425及格，大体上总分的60%。因此虽然每年很多学生说英语二难度低于六级，但是从考生总体成绩看，考研英语二的难度高于英语六级的难度。从每年考生的复习准备来看，英语六级很多考生都是准备了3个月或者2个月的很多，但是对于考研英语而言，大部分考生都是准备了8个月甚至更长的时间，考研英语二的复习周期要大于英语六级，但是成绩又如此之低，远远低于英语六级，可以对比出考研英语二的难度大小。因此我们从出题命题、考察内容、历史对比、成绩线对比可以明显看出考研英语二的难度要高于英语六级的难度（听力除外）。而大家又有什么观点和看法，欢迎讨论。

2020考研英语二翻译【真题原题】It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they are not really living at all But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up t0 us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as "the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something; we can choose to look for the lesson were meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they are how we grow, and how we keep form making that same mistake again Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.【参考译文】人生中不经历一些失败几乎是不可能的。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们。我们可以选择把失败看作是 ”世界末日 ”,或者我们可以把失败看作是常有的的极好的学习机会。每当我们在某件事上失败的时候,我们可以选择寻找我们应该吸取的教训。这些教训非常重要,它们是我们成长的方式,也是我们避免再犯同样的错误的方法。只有我们选择放弃的时候失败才能够阻止我们。失败也可以让我们更好地认识自己，如果没有失败我们决不可能认识到这样的自己。比如,失败可以让你发现你有多么强大。在某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现你最真诚的朋友,或者帮助你找到意想不到的通往成功的动力。-----------------------------------分割线-----------------------------------------------------对完答案，不论结果是好是坏，希望你能放松心态。人生时时都在面对考试，所谓考研，也不过是人生考试的一部分，所以，一定要坚强面对，加油！20考研已经完了，21考研的小伙伴也该准备起来了，这里给大家推荐一些考研英语专用书单：单词书：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》（按考频划了频考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词4类单词，重点记频考词和基础词，挺省时间的。）真题书：英一只推荐《考研真相》，英语二就用《考研圣经》（真题文章都是逐句图示细讲的，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂文章，还有就是排除干扰项，提高做题的正确率，适合基础弱的人用。）写作书：英一《写作160篇》，英二《写作宝中宝》（很适合英语基础不太好的同学，里面有总结高分词汇、基础句型，还有经典模板之类的，可以先从词、句、段、篇开始学会写作文，然后再学习书里话题、句式、模板、思路，写一些有亮点的高分作文。）

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

2019年考研初试英语二阅读试题答案及解析text12019考研英语(二)阅读真题Text1是关于内疚的好处的文章，第一篇文章总体不难，文都教育的英语老师就第一篇阅读答案给大家做了解析，为了方便核对，我们将选项也对应给出。阅读理解Text1 答案21. [C] foster a child’s moral development22. [B] burdensome23. [D] an emotion can play opposing roles24. [B] can result from either sympahty or guilt25. [D] wrongdoings解析：21. 根据题干Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help______.内容定位到第一段最后一句This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing. 由最后一句的this指代词，可知原因在第一段的前几句，根据第一句Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. 和第二句Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. 可知内疚不是天生的，而是和一个孩子的道德规范有关，是通过后天学习获得的。因此答案是C 选项 foster a child’s moral development。22. 根据题干According to paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be______.定位到第二段第一句In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. 另外第二句It is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. 也进一步解释了第一句。由这两句可知许多人认为内疚是不好的，令人不舒服的，让人感觉沉重，就像是衣服口袋里有石头一样，因此答案为B选项burdensome。23. 根据题干Vaish hold that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that______.中的关键词Vaish定位到第二段第四句，根据第四句中的adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. 可知这种复兴是更大的认识的一部分，即情绪不是二元情感，在一个情境中有利的情绪，在一个情景中可能是有害的。其中第4句中的revival和题干中的rethinking对应，第四句中的recognition和题干中的awareness对应，因此答案是D 选项 an emotion can play opposing roles。24. 根据题干Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _______. 定位到第四段第三句 In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. 根据第三句可知内疚和和同情可能代表了通往合作和分享的不同的路径。可以得出，答案是B 选项can result from either sympahty or guilt。25. 根据题干中的关键词transgressions可以定位到第五段第二句Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. 根据第二句中的 feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. 可以看到negative emotions 来源于transgressions. 而negative emotions表示负面情绪是贬义的，因此对比4个选项，可以得出答案是D选项wrongdoings.以上就是文都教育考研老师为各位考生带来的2019考研英语二阅读Text 1的答案解析，文都教育考研英语老师预祝大家考上理想的学校。（来源：文都教育）

考研英语二相对英语一要简单一点，题目文章的篇幅，专业名词要少一些，因此更容易理解。但是对于英语不太好的同学来说，依然有一定的难度，英语基础比较好的同学可以把目标定高一点，冲击70+。废话不多说了，今天从两个方面来讲一下英语二怎么复习吧！一，复习资料篇关于复习资料的选择，原则就是“在精而不在多”，真题是核心资料。买一大堆资料可能最后也看不完，就浪费了。一般来讲，需要准备的资料有这么几样：单词书一本，真题（带详细讲解的一套，带简单答案的3套左右），作文书一本，长难句一本，有薄弱环节的可以找一些相应的网课，缺哪儿补哪儿。1.单词书考研英语单词书有很多种，萝卜青菜各有所爱，你喜欢哪本就用哪本。每本书编排的特点不同，但是核心呢都是考研大纲要求的单词，你的主要任务就是把他们背下来，记的越多越牢就好。①红宝书：包含了全部大纲要求掌握的词汇，按字母顺序排列，像一本词典。很靠谱的一本书，要是能背下来你就已经赢了很多了。②《恋练有词》（21俞敏洪编版）与朱伟恋词《真题5500词》（大黄本）：21考研的《恋练有词》有一些变化，现在的《恋练有词》是新东方的俞敏洪主编，名字没变，但是内容编排上肯定会有所不同。朱伟和唐迟编的那版现在改名为《真题5500词》，是一本黄色的书了，但是想跟着朱伟老师的同学可以接着买这本就可以了。③新东方绿皮书：全称新东方考研英语词汇（乱序版），词汇量也是很全的，蛮厚的一本。亮点是乱序版，并且是词根词缀排列，一个基础词引出一大串相近单词，喜欢用这种方法记忆单词的同学可以用。④10天搞定考研词汇：王江涛老师出的一本单词书，单词只选了常考的部分单词，采用的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线法，适合复习时间紧或者后期巩固，一小本携带方便。2.长难句介于很多同学都反映何凯文不好的话，惊呼君就只推荐一下田静的《句句真研》了，反正这本书还是不错的。不过以前有同学用过何凯文的《长难句解密》，感觉也用的挺好的啊。3.真题①黄皮书：真题是考研英语的重中之重，一定要多看多做多研究。一般大家都是用张剑的黄皮书，英语一和英语二的同学都可以用。卷子和解析都是分册装订，携带起来很方便，解析也很详细，单词、句子、解题思路都有讲解。②《考研圣经》：适用于英语一的又一本真题解析，大体上都是差不多的，只不过翻译更加详细，英语基础很差的可以买这本。③简单套题（黄皮壳）：因为英语真题要刷很多遍的，买几套只有试卷和简单答案的套卷还是很方便，而且经济实惠的。4.作文书其他的没用过，作文书比较推荐王江涛的《高分写作》，各种基础的人都适用，简单易上手。英语一和英语二的作文都在这一本书上讲解，你只看英语二的部分就行了。二，复习计划篇（一）3—5月：以单词和长难句为主。英语复习刚开始肯定要以单词为主，不论是跟着视频学，还是自己学，美好的一天都应该以记单词开始，以回顾单词为结尾。每天记多少单词合适呢，如果是《恋练有词》那种的话，全书一共有30个part，那么每天看一个part就差不多，不要觉得一个part很多，其实里面还有很多单词你本来就认识，所以需要重新认识的不会太多。其他的目录式单词，建议每天背诵50个，有能力的话可以更多。这里还推荐几个背单词的APP：百词斩，扇贝，墨墨背单词等，用手机背单词可能不会像书本那么枯燥，但是一定要克制住自己不要学着学着就去玩手机，如果自制力不强的话还是建议不下载。每天分析一个长难句，可以逐步增长阅读能力，为接下来的阅读打下基础。（二）6—8月：以阅读为主，同时也要记单词。英语二的真题比较少，建议可以先做做英语一近十年真题的阅读练练手，难度是有一些的，但是做题的思路都是通用的。先自己做一遍，然后对答案，之后再仔仔细细的把答案翻译、解析从头到尾仔仔细细的研究一遍。同时，在这一时期，依然要注意记单词，其实很多同学应该都会用这种方法，在做阅读的时候，把自己不认识的单词，容易混淆的单词用记号笔划下来，抄在本子上，第二天早上再复习一下。等你做完很多篇阅读之后，你就会发现，你记住了以往怎么都背不下来的单词，并且还会自己总结出高频词。（三）9月：开始做英语二的全套真题，从2010年的开始。这一阶段，除了作文，其他的题型都应该重视起来。具体的做法是建议这样：传统的阅读理解一共有四篇，建议前一天做前两篇，加上完型和新题型（新题型的难度并不大，平时带着做就行，不必费心研究）；后一天做后两篇阅读和翻译（翻译还是比较重要，需花费一些精力）。按照这样的要求，到了月底的时候，考研英语的真题应该做完第一遍了。（四）10—11月：开始背大小作文，并继续做真题。作文没有什么捷径可走，背诵记忆还是最有效。按照王江涛《高分写作》的建议，你可以大小作文各选十篇作文范文来进行背诵。惊呼君的建议是每天早上来进行，大小作文交叉背诵。由于小作文篇幅较短，可以一天背两篇，第二天再背一篇大作文。这样的话15天就可以全部背诵完20篇。背完这一遍，接下来背第二遍，并且默写，背第二遍的时候会发现轻松的多，而且默写一下，既可以练练字，也可以提高写字的速度。另外，这个时候再做真题就要把大小作文也一起写了。那么也就是到了十一月份结束，你的真题应该做了第二遍了。（五）12月：进入模拟考试阶段。12月份继续做真题，这个时候建议每隔一天进行一次英语模拟考试，完全按照考研的时间来。并且查漏补缺，继续巩固。还要注意控制速度，把握时间，要能够保证在考试的时候题目能全部做完。到此为止，你的考研真题起码做了三遍。很多人会问：做到第三遍的时候，答案我都能背下来了，这样真的起作用吗？这个根据亲身经历，亲测有效哦，毕竟你要记住的不是答案，而是做题的方法和技巧。