2020年考研英语单词

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

2021考研英语复习先从背单词开始5500个考研英语大纲词汇务必要熟练掌握背单词是一个长期积累的过程大家要注意在运用中去熟练掌握每日英语单词词汇pushv.推;催逼,逼迫n.推,推力;促进,推进 putvt.放，搁，置；表达；使处于...状态，记下puzzlen.难题,谜,迷惑 v.(使)迷惑,(使)为难pyramidn.金字塔qualificationn.资格,合格;限定,条件;合格证qualifyv.(使)具有资格,证明合格;限制,限定;修饰qualitativea.性质上的,定性的qualityn.质量,品质,特性quantifyv.确定数量quantitativea.数量的,定量的quantityn.量,数量;大量quarrelv.争吵,争论 n.争吵,争吵的原因quartn.夸脱quartern.四分之一;季;一刻钟;(pl.)方向;(pl.)住处quarterlya.每季的 ad.每季一次n.季刊quartzn.石英queenn.女王,皇后,王后queera.奇怪的,古怪的quenchv.熄灭,扑灭,压制,抑制,止渴questn.探寻，探求；寻求，追求questionn.问题;询问 v.询问;怀疑,对…表示疑问questionnairen.调查表,问卷queuen.行列,长队 v.(up)排队,排队等待quicka.快的;灵敏的,伶俐的;敏锐的 ad.快,迅速地quieta.安静的,平静的 n.安静 v.使安静,平静quiltn.被子quitv.离开,退出;停止,放弃,辞职quitead.十分,完全;相当,颇;的确,真正quiverv./n.颤抖,抖动quizn.小型考试,测验,问答比赛quotan.(生产、进出口等的)配额，(移民的)限额quotev.引用,援引rabbitn.兔子racen.赛跑;人种,种族;属,种 v.赛跑raciala.种的,种族的rackn.挂物架,搁物架 v.使痛苦,折磨racketn.球拍radarn.雷达radianta.发光的,辐射的,容光焕发的radiatev.放射,辐射;散布,传播radicala.基本的,重要的;激进的,极端的;根本的radion.收音机；无线电报，无线电话v.无线电通讯radioactivea.放射性,放射引起的radiusn.半径,半径范围,有效航程,范围,界限ragn.抹布,破布,碎布ragen.愤怒raidn/v..袭击,搜查railn.栏杆,围栏;(pl.)铁路;铁轨;横杆,栏杆railroadn.(railway)铁路 v.由铁道运输rainn.雨；雨天；下雨vi.下雨 vt.使大量落下rainbown.虹raisev.举起,提升;增加;饲养;引起;竖起;提出raken.耙子,耙机 v.耙;搜索,探索rallyv.重整,恢复,振作 n.聚集,集会,拉力赛randoma.随机的,随意的 n.随机,随意rangen.范围,领域;排列,连续;(山)脉v.排列成行rankn.军衔,社会阶层;排 v.分等级,把…分类rap n.叩击,轻拍,斥责 v.敲,拍,打,斥责,使着迷rapen./vt.掠夺,蹂躏,强奸rapida.快,急速的 n.(pl.)急流,湍滩

2020考研：英语单词你还在这么背？难怪你记不住！目前仍处于考研英语复习的基础阶段，大家的主要任务还是把词汇和语法攻克下来。2020考研的萌新们现在可能会处于一个心中总是不安的阶段，不知道自己的进度是否合适，不知道自己的竞争对手都复习的怎么样了，很多人都把考研比作在黑屋子里洗衣服，不知道复习的到底如何。在考研英语的复习上节奏还是比较好把握的，两个任务比较明确，主要就是单词，这是很多同学的一个难关，有的时候甚至怀疑自己的脑子里是不是有个漏洞，为什么明明背过的单词再见还是“陌生人”？很多同学大学几年时间里对自己比较放纵，进大学后只顾着跟参加各种社团活动，参与各种聚会，各种活动比赛，没有重视对英语的学习，似乎是好几年没有背过单词了。看到考研英语那么厚的单词书，简直望而生畏，感觉考研英语真是不简单。考研英语首先要求大家掌握的是词汇量，这是一切的根本。大家也都知道词汇的重要性，所以会花很多的时间去背单词，但是收效甚微？那么很可能是走进单词误区了。01背一遍万事大吉很多同学都高估大脑的记忆能力了，有的时候你明明记住了，但是隔一天再打开单词书，其手很大一部分又忘记了，很多同学按照高分学姐的经验，把单词书进行了划分，做好了全面的规划，而且每天都按时的完成。但是记忆的效果并不好，一天的时间里真正记住的单词并不多，有的时候感觉就是为了背完那几页单词。其实单词如果想深刻的记忆，需要在一天的时间里多次的复习，推荐“艾宾浩斯大循环”进行循环记忆。02背单词用纸挡住汉语意思这是很多人常用的复习方法，但是在实行的时候会发现有的时候你不是真正的记住了单词，会根据单词的位置记住汉语意思，有的时候根据上下文的单词也能记住单词的汉语意思。那怎么办？用APP进行检测，或者把第一遍模糊和不认识的单词打乱顺序抄写在一个本子上，然后进行复习。03只看汉语意思不拼写背单词是一个比较痛苦的过程，尤其是在背了很多遍依然遇到许多不认识的单词。考研英语复习的挫败感也是不小了，进行拼写的人就很少了，在进度上会感觉慢很多，很多人着急把单词书看完。那么考研作文你怎么解决？作文不是背几个模板就可以解决的。作文的主题词写不出来，背再精彩的模板都拯救不了。2020考研的同学们，英语的基础一定要打扎实，学习的路上没有捷径，如果现在不好好掌握住词汇，后期是没有时间用来攻克词汇的。迎难而上，考研学子们加油！

2021考研英语复习先从背单词开始5500个考研英语大纲词汇务必要熟练掌握背单词是一个长期积累的过程大家要注意在运用中去熟练掌握每日英语单词词汇steepa.陡峭的；险峻的；急剧升降的 vt.浸泡,沉浸steervt.驾驶，为…操舵；引导 vi.驾驶stemn.茎，干 vt.堵(挡)住 vi.起源于，由…造成stepn.步;台阶,梯级;步骤,措施 v.踏,走,举步stereon.立体声音响；立体声装置 n./a.立体声(的)stereotypen.陈规，老套，模式化 vt.使定型，使模式化sterna.严厉的;坚决的,坚定的 n.船尾,舟尾stewardn.乘务员，服务员；看管人；膳食管理员stickn.棍,棒,手杖 v.刺,戳,扎;粘贴stickya.粘的，粘性的；棘手的；(道路)泥泞的stiffa.硬的,僵直的;拘谨的;呆板的;艰难的stilla.静止的，寂静的 ad.还，仍然；更；安静地stimulatev.刺激,使兴奋;激励,鼓舞stingv./n.刺,刺痛,剧痛;刺,叮stirv.搅拌,搅动;动,摇动;激动;轰动;煽动,鼓动stitchn.一针；(因跑步引起的)肋部剧痛 v.缝(合)stockn.备料,库存,现货;股票,公债 v.储存stockingn.长(统)袜stomachn.胃，胃口；肚子，腹部vt.承受，忍受stonen.石，石头；岩石，矿石；(水果的)核、子stooln.凳子；(pl.)大便stoopv.弯腰,俯身 n.弯腰,曲背stopv.停止;塞住;阻止,阻挠;逗留 n.停车站;停止storagen.贮藏(量),保管;库房storen.商店,店铺;贮藏,贮备品 v.贮藏,贮备storeyn.(story)楼,层stormn.暴风雨,暴风雪;激动,爆发 v.猛攻,直捣storyn.故事,传说,小说;(=storey)楼层stoven.炉子,火炉straighta.直的;整齐的,端正的 ad.直接;正直,直率straightforwarda.正直的;简单的,易懂的 ad.坦率地strainv.拉紧;紧张;扭伤;竭尽全力 n.拉紧;负担strangea.奇怪的,奇异的;陌生的,生疏的;外地的strangern.陌生人,生客;外地人,外国人strapn.皮带，带子 v.用带扣住，束牢；用绷带包扎strategyn.战略，策略；对策，政策strawn.稻草,麦杆;吸管strawberryn.草莓streamn.小河,溪流;流,一股,一串 v.流出,涌streamlinea.流线型的 vt.使成流线型；使合理化streetn.街，街道；行车道strengthn.力，力量；实力；长处，优点；人力；兵力strengthenv.加强,巩固strenuousa.费力的，艰辛的；奋发的，努力的stressn.压力；重要性；应力；重音 vt.强调，重读stretchv.伸展，延伸 n.拉长；伸展；一段时间/路程stricta.(with)严格的,严厉的;严谨的,精确的stridevi.大踏步走；跨越 n.一大步(pl.)长足进步strifen.争吵；冲突，斗争；竞争striken./vi.罢工 vt.打，击；攻击；给…深刻印象strikinga.显著的；惹人注目的，容貌出众的stringn.弦,线,细绳;(一串),(一行) v.缚,捆

2021考研英语复习先从背单词开始5500个考研英语大纲词汇务必要熟练掌握背单词是一个长期积累的过程大家要注意在运用中去熟练掌握每日英语单词词汇Positionn.位置;职位;姿势,姿态;见解,立场,形势Positivea.肯定的,积极的,绝对的,无疑的,正的 possessv.占有,拥有 Possessionn.持有,拥有;所有权;所有物;(pl.)财产,财富 possibility n.可能,可能性;可能的事,希望 Possiblea.可能的,做得到的;合理的;可允许的 Possiblyad.可能地，也许；无论如何Postv.贴出;公告;投寄 n.(支)柱;邮政,邮寄;职位 Postage n.邮费,邮资 Postcardn.明信片Poster n海报,张贴的大幅广告 Postmann.邮递员Postponev.推迟,延期 Posturen.姿势,姿态,心态,态度 v.作出某种姿势Pot n.罐,壶Potaton.马铃薯,土豆 Potentiala.潜在的,可能的 n.潜能,潜力 Poultryn.家禽Poundn.磅;英镑 v.(连续)猛击,(猛烈)敲打,捣碎 Pourv.灌注, 倾泻, 涌入, 流, 倾盆大雨 Poverty n.贫穷,贫困 Powdern.粉末,药粉;火药,炸药 Powern.力,精力;功率,电力;(数学)幂;权力,势力 Powerfula.强大的,有力的,有权的 Practicala.实际的,实用的 Practicallyad.几乎,实际上,简直 Practice n.练习,实践,实际,业务,惯例,习惯 Practisev.练习,实习,实践,实行,使...练习,训练 Practitionern.实践者，从事者；(医生或律师等)开业者Praisev.赞扬,歌颂;表扬 n.称赞,赞美;赞美的话 Prayv.请求,恳求;祈祷,祈求 Prayern.祈祷,祷告,祷文 Preachv.宣讲(教义),布道;竭力鼓吹,宣传;说教 Precautionn.预防,谨慎,警惕 precedev.领先(于),在(…之前);优先,先于 Precedent n.先例Precedinga.在前的,在先的 Preciousa.珍贵的,贵重的 Precisea.精确的,准确的 Precisionn.精确,精确度 Precludev.排除,阻止,妨碍 Predecessorn.前辈，前任Predict v.预言,预测,预告 Predominant a.(over)占优势的;主要的,突出的Prefacen.序言,引言,前言 v.作序,写前言Preferv.(to)更喜欢,宁愿 Preferablea.(to)更可取的,更好的 Preference n.(for,to)偏爱,喜爱;优惠;优先选择 Pregnanta.怀孕的,孕育的,充满的,意味深长的 Prejudicen.偏见,成见;损害,侵害 v.使抱偏见,损害Preliminarya.预备的,初步的premier n.首相,总理 Premisen.前提,房屋连地基v.提论,预述,假定 Premiumn.额外费用,奖金,奖赏,保险费 Preparationn.准备,预备;制剂,制备品 Preparev.准备,预备 Preposition n.介词Prescribev.指示,规定;处(方),开(药) Prescriptionn.药方,处方 Presencen.出席,到场,存在,在 Presenta.出席的,现在的 n.现在,礼物 v.赠送,提出 Presentlyad.一会儿,不久;现在,目前 Preservev.保护,维持;保存,保藏 presidev.(at,over)主持

激动人心的考研正式开始了，早上考研政治的结束，给了很多考生信心，2020考研政治答案来了！考生：裸考真香！感觉飘了！看看你会几道。今年考研政治好像比较容易，肖老师也压中了很多题，考生们基本上都能够提前写完，不会出现时间不够的现象。很多考生说自己是裸考的，不过也有很多考生自我感觉良好之后对了答案发现偏题了。不管怎么样，在我们读书的时候，我们每次考试完，班主任都会说，考掉一门，放弃一门，也就是要把注意力放在下一门。不要纠结于已经答错的题目或者和正确的答案的偏差，或者这道题明明这么简单我怎么就答错了这种自我怀疑的情绪中，而应该做到不要为打翻的牛奶哭泣。或许，你会处在那个情绪中出不来，但是，与其把时间花在已经过去了不能更改的事情上面，还不如说为了下一场考试而准备，而努力，或许这样可以增加下午的信心呢！编者给大家整理了160个在历年的考研中出现过20次以上的高频单词，在这个时候再去看别的大题或者刷题已经来不及了，倒不如利用碎片时间复习一下单词，好让自己心底有个数，或者找回一点自信。在一场重大的考试当中，心态是最重要的，所以不管上午考得怎么样，心态都要稳定，都不能崩。所谓人难我难我不畏难，人易我易我不大意，从上午的考研政治的情况来看，可以说对大部分的考生来说情况还是比较良好的。那么这个时候就一定更不能大意了，要知道，大家的试卷都是一样的，你觉得简单，别人也可能觉得简单，所以这个时候，谁越细心，谁就能胜出。我们比赛比的不是分数，而是分数的高低，你考99分，已经很好了，但是如果大家都考100分，那么99分反而是比较差的了。人难我难我不畏难，这句话可能在接下来的时间里也会遇到，根据以往的经验，考研的英语和数学都是不容易的，特别是数学，基本上学生考完很多人都丧失了信心。这个时候就更加需要调整好心态了，要知道试卷的难度大家都一样，如果有一些很难的题目，你做不出来，别人也不一样做得出来，与其纠结于题目的难，不如仔细认真的检查好基础题，基础题得分率高，最后结果肯定不会差。我们看到，这160个高频出现的考研英语的单词，有很多还是比较基础的，所谓基础不牢，地动山摇，所以我们一定要把基础打好。编者也做过历年考研英语的真题，确实，有很多高级的单词看不懂，但是高级的单词出现的频率也不是很高，更重要的还是一些常见的基础。另外，编者也收集了一些比较权威的研究考研的人所提出的作文预测，英语小作文可能会是，道歉答复一颗星，感谢信并延伸介绍书籍人物五颗星，咨询背参加活动的时间人数一颗星，申请信两颗星，通知等。而大作文呢，求职信一颗星，城市病一颗星，从失败里学习一颗星，延伸成功的品质和事例，节约用水两颗星，延伸环境保护，按性质分的话，积极：成功，品质，消极：环境，城市病，树，每个类型会一篇基本就没有问题，加一个社会热点。一些优质的词，比如说the pursuit of noble idea……the strong faith in the future……the search of true meaning……the faith and confidence……，to find the meaning role for oneself in the growth society……the ability to transfer potential idea into reality……不过比起复习知识点，更重要的是，中午好好吃个好饭，睡个好觉，养精蓄锐，为下午的考试，为未来而战斗

关于2020考研英语单词怎么复习这个问题，学长有下面建议供参考。考研英语有两个重头戏：阅读和作文 但是这两个都是建立在词汇的基础上的， 没有词汇的积累，你就看不懂真题阅读， 相同的道理， 没有词汇的积累，作文你也就无法提笔！所以，考研英语第一步还是得从单词做起。先走好第一步，为后边的复习打好基础。基础薄弱更要好好的背单词打基础，虽然背单词很烦，但是为了取得好的成绩，也必须要这么做，做好该做的，你才能得到你想要的。下面，主要分享一下考研英语单词怎么复习？考研英语单词怎么复习——第1轮：只需要关注单词的拼写和其中一种核心汉语意思，平均两秒钟一个单词，迅速闪过，只为混个眼熟。 注： 此阶段是预备阶段，把单词大概浏览一遍，我当时是把单词书就放在枕头边，睡觉前翻几页，翻到哪算哪儿，大概有个印象。考研英语单词怎么复习——第2轮：不仅关注拼写和核心含义，还要关注词性以及它在真题例中的常见词组搭配。 注： 此阶段是重点记忆单词阶段，每天都要保持一定量的单词量，不用一次记很多单词，可以分配在一天的各个时间段内。可以早上记10个，吃午饭前记10个，午休起来的缓冲时间记10个，吃完晚饭之后利用休息时间记10个。晚上就复习白天记的单词。这样一天下来40-50个单词完全是OK的。坚持下去，一个月最少可以记1200个单词，所以不要小看日常的小积累。值得注意的是，在次日背新的单词时，先把前一天的生词看一遍，反复滚雪球。考研英语单词怎么复习——第3轮：在刷真题的过程中刷单词。如果发现题干、选项或考点句（定位句）中有生词，重点标注出来，一定要把它弄清楚。注： 此阶段主要是在真题中记单词，把真题中的每一个单词都要弄懂，全面扫清阅读障碍，熟悉单词在真题语境中的意思。《考研真相》对真题的讲解还挺详细的，词汇句子都有讲解，可以看看。考研英语单词怎么复习——第4轮：直接看第三轮刷真题过程中摘抄总结下来的生词和短语并识记。 注： 此阶段主要是针对真题中的单词重点记忆和理解，对于一些好词好句都可以积累下来，为作文复习积累素材。考研英语单词怎么复习——第5轮：回归第一轮，将整本书迅速过一遍。 注： 此阶段主要是查缺补漏阶段，必考词和高频词最起码要看两遍，基础词和偶考词可以过一遍。主要是针对：①没有记住的单词再去重新记忆、回顾！ ②熟悉部分单词不常见的含义，就像doctor作动词竟然是篡改、伪造的意思，所以要注意了。 所以这个阶段主要就是做这两个事情。------------------ 吃饱喝足接着更~ ------------------有同学问我用什么单词书啊？我当时用的是闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》，因为它把词汇按照重要程度都划分好了，我当时想的是先把必考词和高频词赶紧背了，就可以做真题了。我那个扑街舍友用的是《非常词汇》，用句子记单词，好像比我记得还快~郁闷！可能有具体语境帮助记忆，记起来也比较容易！反正单词书嘛，选一本适合自己的就OK！------------- 半夜12点07分，睡不着继续更~ ----------有同学说，我和我舍友挺有趣的，确实考研路上有个伴确实挺好的。上次说完词汇书之后，有许多同学要全套的考研英语书单，我就大概整理了一下，分享出来，有一些是我用过的，有一些是一些知乎大神推荐的，你们挑适合自己就可以了。◎基础薄弱必备3件套——太阳城三件套单词：《非常词汇》，660个句子记2000+核心词汇，由易到难，句子很好理解，不枯燥，记忆量小，基础薄弱专用。真题：英一《考研真相》/英二《考研圣经》基础薄弱必备，许多同学都喜欢它的逐词逐句讲解，跟着学很轻松，完全无压力~作文：《写作160篇》（英二写作宝中宝）先通过词句段篇帮你补基础，再通过三步作文法帮你拔高作文，专门针对基础薄弱的~配套网课：张国静团队网课，非常受欢迎，许多人都在用。◎基础好考、考名校必备——尖刀侠考研英语3件套单词:闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》，根据重要程度把单词划分为必考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，不想花太多时间直接背必考词就可以了，为你节省时间。真题：尖刀侠《考研英语真题倍速快解》总结出真题解题方法，可以直接套用解题模板，帮你提高做题速度和正确率。身边考研的同学都在用！作文：尖刀侠《考研英语高分作文36法则》用36个高分写作方法，帮你突破作文句式，教你写出高分靓句。不会与他人雷同！！（英一英二通用） 配套网课：张国静团队网课，人气超级旺的网课。许多人都在用，推荐量非常高。哎呀，我好累啊，终于更完了，我要去庆祝一下（笑哭~）其实考研就是坚持坚持再坚持，当你坚持不下去的时候，问问自己：家里有矿吗？没有！！！那还不滚去学习~祝考研加油！！

关于单词的2020考研英语复习规划怎么制定呢？都包括什么？单词怎么记效果更好呢？一、考研英语复习规划——背必考词+基础词考研大纲词汇很多，有可能很多人都觉得这么多单词怎么背？可以先把必考词和基础词背完，然后再通过英语真题中积累必考词和基础词除外的单词。可以用闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》背单词，因为书中已经把必考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词划分出来了。不想花太多时间背单词，你可以先把必考词和基础词搞定，然后再结合考研英语真题来熟悉偶考词。背考研英语单词就一个实用的方法：重复记忆我考研的时候是用A4纸，边背边把单词写在纸上。然后每天过50个单词，再复习一张A4纸，能迅速背出来就划“R”，一直这样做，最后剩下的单词都是你没背过的，再继续从不熟单词开始背诵。每完整的过完一遍单词，再重头开始，一直背到考试前。二、考研英语复习规划——真题背单词我建议真题最好还是用解析特别详细的真题书，如果你基础薄弱，用英语一的《考研真相》吧。书中把重点单词都标注出来了，每个句子有讲解，这种一词一句精解的真题书很适合用来打基础。在真题中一般就注意以下两部分单词：1.检查自己不熟的必考词和基础词因为真题书都会把重要单词标注出来，所以你就可以对照这些单词，检查下自己有没有不熟的。2.通过句子精解积累在真题中单词的词意有可能很多同学都忽视单词在真题句子中的含义，（有时候也会说是熟词僻义）在做真题时，一定要认真看题，把所有不能理解词意的单词标注出来，然后再对照句子解析去理解单词的意思。用考研英语真题积累单词，一定要仔细阅读文章。在做题的时候可以：1.先看文章，把文章中不熟的词汇和短语，长难句用红笔标注出来。2.再对照解析，把词义、短语、长难句的讲解积累在本子上，或者写在你标注的旁边。3.如果这篇文章你不熟的单词很多、长难句也很难读懂。在看完讲解之后，用一张白纸，自己在纸上翻译一遍真题文章。（这样精翻可以帮助你更好的记住单词，理解句子）关于单词的考研英语复习规划，以上就是我觉得两个不用记所有单词的一个方法，不是说不记超纲词和偶考词，而是通过真题来加强你对这两部分的记忆。如果你觉得不放心，超纲词和偶考词跟着必考和基础词一起背就可以了。

考研英语大纲终于不负众位考生的期待而浮出水面，那么这次考研英语大纲较之前的大纲有什么样的不同呢？对于2020的各位考生又意味着什么呢？各位考生不要急，接下来，文都教育的考研英语老师就此次考研英语大纲变化及接下来的复习规划给各位同学详细解说。第一点：2020大纲新增了33个国家（或地区）的名称及相关信息，较2019考研英语（一）大纲只列举了25个国家（或地区）的名称及相关信息而言，我们不能难发现，大纲增加了要求记忆的词汇，也就意味着在今年的考卷上，我们需要“提防”那些原本为超纲词的名称，而现在已经是大纲要求范围内了。由此，各位考生则需要在之后的复习中对于外媒上发表的关于该些地名相关的文章加以重视。许多考生在复习时经常会增加时文精析这一项，这些地名的增加也就意味考研文章的选取可能会涉及到这些国家的时事。同时，这也对考研翻译增加了难度，考研英语一的翻译会涉及到众多体裁及不同主题的文章，因此，新增的国家及地区名也是在暗示考题的难度加大。但是各位考生也不必心存恐惧，考研英语考察的是考生的综合英语水平，因此，各位考生在熟记考研新增词汇后继续按照之前的复习方向展开即可。第二点：2020考研英语（一）、英语（二）大纲考试性质、考查目标、考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构、评分细则均无变化。那也就意味着，大的考察方向及题型设置没有改变，这是最为可喜的。大纲大方向没有变化，历年考研英语真题仍可以作为考研英语复习的参考。同时，考生在接下来的复习中，需要继续将分数大户——考研英语阅读及写作作为复习的重点。得阅读者得天下，考研英语的分数高低绝大程度决定于考研英语阅读。同时，鉴于考研英语写作复习的高性价比，对该模块的复习时间偏重也需要有所注意。以上就是文都教育给各位考生带来的2020考研英语大纲变化的解读，以及对之后考研英语复习的影响。总而言之，考研英语大纲的考试性质、考查目标、考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构、评分细则均无变化，这一点对于我们考生而言是喜闻乐见的，而对于新增词汇，各位考生也不必过于担忧。千里之行，始于足下，考研复习，就在今朝。文都教育预祝各位考生金榜题名。