2020年考研英语

2020年全国研究生入学统一考试的初试成绩已经陆续可以查询了。有的同学查完分数，高兴的在网上晒出了成绩单；也有一些同学现在度日如年，焦急的等待成绩公布，他们总担心自己单科会挂线，尤其是英语。往年也有很多这样的事情发生，比如：担心英语达不到国家线，结果就真的挂了！这到底是怎么回事？今天，我就想和大家聊一聊这个问题。烦人的“墨菲”，它无处不在我不洗车，晴空万里；刚洗完车，第二天就下雨！我不翘课，也不点名；刚一翘课，老师就点名！我担心数学考试某道大题忘了写“解”，结果它就真的没写！这到底是怎么回事？其实这种情况，在我们的生活中常常发生，有一个专门的名词解释这种现象，叫做“墨菲定律”。这里有一个小故事：美国爱德华兹空军基地的工程师墨菲，在1949年的某天，和他的上司斯塔普少校一起，在做一个研究火箭减速超重的试验，试验过程中因为仪器失灵，发生了事故。他们查找原因，最终发现是测量仪表被技术人员给装反了。由此，墨菲得出一个结论：如果做某项工作有多种方法，而其中有一种方法将导致事故，那么一定有人会按这种方法去做。西方人经常这样表述“墨菲定律”：凡事只要有可能出错，那就一定会出错。根据“墨菲定律”，又有以下四条引申：任何事都没有表面看起来那么简单；所有的事都会比你预计的时间长；会出错的事总会出错；如果你担心某种情况发生，那么它就更有可能发生。其实，这些情况的发生是概率在起作用，就像中国的老话说的——上得山多终遇虎。用数学的语言来表述，就是：如果一件事它发生的次数或样本足够多，在这种情况下，一个小概率事件也会变成必然事件。我们以“空难”为例来说明：飞机是世界上最安全的交通工具，它发生“空难”的可能性非常低，但是我们却经常能够看到新闻报道“空难”，这是为什么呢？根据近几年的数据统计，全世界“空难”概率大概是200万分之一，这个概率还是非常之低的。我们假设每1万架次的飞机安全飞行的概率为99.5%，，那么发生空难的概率就是0.5%。那么，按照这个数据推算的话，每10万架次飞机安全飞行的概率为95%，发生空难的概率为5%；每100万架次飞机安全飞行的概率为61%，发生空难的概率为39%；每1000万架次飞机安全飞行的概率为0.67%，发生空难的概率为99.33%。我们全球每年有3000多万架次的飞机飞行，全部安全的概率接近于0。因此，我们经常能够在电视上看到 “空难”的新闻报道。考研的分数也是一样，2020年考研报名的人数有341万，假设每名考生参加4个科目的考试，那么，某名考生某科得了0分一定是一个小概率事件，但是，因为样本足够大，小概率事件变成了必然事件，我们每年都能够看到0分考卷。这也就解释了：“担心英语达不到国家线，结果就真的挂了！”这一问题。把握机会，绝地逢生如果我们不幸真的单科挂线了，或者总分不够，那我2020年还有读研的可能吗？还是有的！主要有以下几种办法：1.破格复试有的院校规定，满足一定要求的考生可以申请破格复试。具体破格要求要仔细研读报考院校关于破格复试的有关规定，有不明白的问题也可以直接电话咨询该院校研招办，一般院校相关工作人员都会给你明确的答复。2.总分补差有少数院校有“总分补差”的政策规定。对于部分高分考生，只有一科挂线，且相差分数较少，被淘汰了十分可惜。这个时候，依据政策规定，该考生可以用总分20分换取挂线科目1分，以此来达到单科过线标准，进入复试。3.加分政策参加“大学生志愿服务西部计划”、“三支一扶计划”、“农村义务教育阶段学校教师特设岗位计划”等项目服务期满、考核合格的考生，3年内参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的，初试总分加10分，同等条件下优先录取。高校学生应征入伍服义务兵役退役，达到报考条件后，3年内参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的考生，初试总分加10分，同等条件下优先录取。在部队荣立二等功以上，符合全国硕士研究生招生考试报考条件的，可申请免试(初试)攻读硕士研究生。参加“选聘高校毕业生到村任职”项目服务期满、考核称职以上的考生，3年内参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的，初试总分加10分，同等条件下优先录取，其中报考人文社科类专业研究生的，初试总分加15分。4.照顾专业照顾专业是指：国家根据国民经济发展急需和研究生教育发展的需要确定部分扶持的重点学科专业。这些学科一般需求量较大，但上线生源较少。照顾专业单独划定进入复试的初试成绩基本要求(一般比国家线略低)。照顾专业具体包括以下专业：学术学位：工学照顾专业：力学[0801]、冶金工程[0806]、动力工程及工程热物理[0807]、水利工程[0815]、地质资源与地质工程 [0818]、矿业工程[0819]、船舶与海洋工程[0824]、航空宇航科学与技术[0825]、兵器科学与技术[0826]、核科学与技术[0827]、农业工程[0828]。中医类照顾专业：中医学[1005]、中西医结合[1006]体育学[0403]专业学位：工程硕士照顾领域：冶金工程[085205]、动力工程[085206]、水利工程[085214]、地质工程[085217]、矿业工程[085218]、船舶与海洋工程[085223]、安全工程[085224]、兵器工程[085225]、核能与核技术工程[085226]、农业工程[085227]、林业工程[085228]、航空工程[085232]、航天工程[085233]。中医硕士[1057]体育硕士[0452]5.少数民族照顾报考地处二区招生单位且毕业后在国务院公布的民族区域自治地方定向就业的少数民族普通高校应届本科毕业生;或者工作单位在国务院公布的民族区域自治地方，且定向就业单位为原单位的少数民族在职人员考生，可按规定享受少数民族照顾政策。享受少数民族照顾政策的考生，单独划定进入复试的初试成绩基本要求。6.调剂很多二区院校每年研究生都招录不满，甚至部分一区院校也存在研究生补录的机会，同学们可以及时关注研招信息，留心看看往年相关院校的研招情况和调剂人数，可以尝试给学校的研招办打电话咨询招录情况，他们的口径比较权威。心有猛虎，细嗅蔷薇2020年的开年与众不同，2020年的考生也承受着环境和心理上的双重压力。好在春天，她快要来了。希望各位考生都能够在防疫期间做好复习，戒骄戒躁，靠近美好，把在特殊“假期”里积攒起的磅礴之力，全部投入到考研复试的战斗中去。最后，祝愿大家都能够考研成功，梦想成真。想飞上天 和太阳肩并肩世界等着我去改变想做的梦 从不怕别人看见在这里我都能实现大声欢笑 让你我肩并肩何处不能欢乐无限抛开烦恼 勇敢的大步向前

2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试已于12月21日举行，本次考试报考人数达到341万人，创历史新高。纵观近五年的考研报名数据，从2016年的177万，到2020年的341万，5年时间，考研报名人数已接近翻番。那么今年的题难吗？今天随文都网校小编一起来看看2020考研英语试题与解析，预祝2020考研学子考研成功！【2020考研英语(一)小作文】真题参考范文：（通知留学生歌唱比赛）【2020考研英语(一)大作文】参考范文：(良好的时间管理习惯)【2020考研英语(一)小作文】参考范文：向国际学生介绍历史景点）【2020考研英语(二)大作文】参考范文：(手机阅读)以上就是文都网校小编为大家整理的2020考研英语一、二写作参考范文哦，并为大家分享下考研英语一、二写作标准，大家可以根据标准预估自己的分数哦。英语一写作标准考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时，考生应能：1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2)遵循文章的特定文体格式；3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4)根据写作目的和特定作者，恰当选用语域。A节：考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。共10分。B节：考生根据提示信息写出一篇160～200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。共20分。英语二写作标准学生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。A节：考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。共10分。B节：要求考生根据所规定的情景或给出的提纲，写出一篇150词左右的英语说明文或议论文。提供情景的形式为图画、图表或文字。共15分。2020考研英语一、二翻译答案小编也整理好了，快来看看吧~2020考研英语翻译真题及解析：英语一翻译】2020考研英语翻译真题及解析：英语二翻译2020考研真题答案解析正在更新中，快来文都网校看答案解析+考后估分；文都全名师各科目参考答案；试题难度、考点解读、考情分析。值得一提的是，文都考研英语名师考前对2020考研英语考试题目进行了预测，其中文都教育名师何凯文、谭剑波、吴扶剑、李明朗等成功进行了预测，预测到2020考研英语，其中包括考研英语(一)、考研英语(二)大作文小作文。你还在等什么？要考研，到文都。文都网校各科老师还会继续为各位考生进行讲解预测的真题，考生一定要及时的关注文都网校考研网。

2019年全国考研已然过去，复试基本收尾，多数院校已经发布复试成绩，辛苦奋战了一年的290万考生终于可以松下一口气，不管考得怎么样，结果如何，都要坦然接受，准备新的事情。当然这其中还有很多不理想的考生准备2020再战，也有新的一批考研生力军涌入，那么不管是新的旧的，我们应该如何准备2020年的考试呢？首先，还是选择好自己心仪的院校，这是第一步，其实，有的考生注重的是专业，那么就选择该专业好的院校，真切学到真东西，不仅提升自己的学历，还可以将其用于自己以后事业的拓展。总体上来讲，2019年的考研人数较2018年的238万多出了整整52万，增幅21%，据大数据分析预估，2020年研究生报名人数应该在330—350万之间，可谓压力重重。资源是有限的，这必然就要竞争，择优录取，所以从现在就开始好好准备功课这是我们接下来要做的重中之重。这里我就英语翻译专业做一个说明，英语翻译硕士分为英语翻译学术硕士和英语翻译专业硕士，学术就是侧重于学术型的，要求比较高，而专业就是强调实际操作方面的能力，要求相对较低，我们本文的主人公小刚就报了这个专业。现在我们来给小刚规划一下从现在开始，他应该如何准备英语翻译专业硕士，也就是获取英语翻译硕士专业学位（Master of Translation and Interpreting）的入学资格。他需要准备哪些课程呢？一共有四门，分别是《思想政治理论》（100分）、《翻译硕士英语》（150分）、《英语翻译基础》（150分）、《汉语写作与百科知识》（100分）。其中《思想政治理论》是全国统一卷命题，其余三科则为院校自主命题。因此，小刚在选择此类专业相关院校的时候就要注意一些问题，要综合衡量自己的实力和相应院校的牌子，两个要相配，这就好比找对象，自己要量力而行，不可眼光太高，结果弄得自己没考上，也不可以眼光过低，埋没了自己的才华。那么小刚就开始从网上寻找翻译专业硕士学位的招生点，考量学院的牌子、专业的硬度、地理位置等情况，结合自身的实力，衡量2020年考试的人数，做一个综合评测，大概就锁定了几所理想的学校。接着他就开始从网上寻找备考资源，要买书、买课，多学习、多准备、多实操，为接下来的考试做准备。下面我们就来看看，他应该在这几门课程当中有一个怎样的规划。英语翻译说到底就是要看翻译，要检验自己的翻译能力，所以最为重要的一门考试便是《英语翻译基础》（150分），也就是这门课程是他学习的主要着力点，那么这门课程应该从哪些方面入手呢？这套试卷分为四个题型，第一题、15个术语或专有名词英翻汉、15个术语或专有名词汉翻英，分值为30分，第二题、英汉互译，分为两篇文章，一篇英语文章，要翻译成汉语（分值为60分），另一篇汉语文章，要翻译成英语（分值为60分），两篇文章一共120分。显然这个翻译课程，主要还是翻译，小刚要学的还是翻译，那么如何才能把翻译学好呢？这可是个大问题，首先我们来看汉翻英。汉英翻译，也就是汉语翻译成英语，其过程可以分为三个部分，在这里给大家展示出来：吃透原文——表达清楚——怎么表达首先我们来看吃透原文，所谓吃透原文就是要准确理解汉语的意思，我们要把汉语原文给吃透，就要把原文的意思看懂。第一步就是断句，也就是把紧密相连意思的部分给单独划在一块，方便翻译；第二步就是压缩原文，汉语的行文特点不同于英文，通常我们可以压缩一部分汉语原文当中不断重复的部分，也可以删去一些英文表达不需要的部分。其次，就是英语表达，也就是把自己理解到的意义用相应的英文给表达出来，在英文表达的时候需要注意三个方面：一是英语用语要尽量用常用语，不要用那些生僻的语言，语言用于要尽量简洁、简练；二是要注重表达方式，也就是要随时变换表达，注重转化；三是要注意语法、拼写正确、搭配方面等等，这些也是最基本的内容——因此平时就要注意词汇、语法和阅读的训练，要多阅读英文原文，相应的这些词汇和语法知识就能够更加扎实，更能够明白英语行文表达上的一些特点，语言运用的时候就可以尽量切合英文原文的表达。汉语原文理解是非常重要的，只有在汉语理解准确的基础上，英文才有可能尽量贴切准确，同时也要特别注意英文表达的功夫，只有当英文表达尽量正确和地道，也就是要符合英文的表达习惯的情况下，英文才更容易被读者所接受。因此，要突破英语翻译，关键还是要在读、写、译方面着手，首先要重视阅读，一般而言，我们缺乏的是英文原文的表达，那么就要多读原文书籍，要在读上面扎扎实实做好，从而形成一种自然反应。当然我们明白阅读是输入的一个过程，那么写作就是输出，所以要多用英文进行写作，进行表达。英文的读写只是一个基本功，最终还是要落到翻译上，要进行两种语言的互换，将自己的英文底子用起来，就要多做翻译，多进行汉翻英的练习，多学习翻译理论，多比较两种语言，找出其中的差异，有效处理差异，换易语言使之易解。同样英翻汉也是这样一个原理，首先要吃透英文原文，这就要用到自己平时英文方面的功底，把英语理解工作做好，然后就是用汉语表达，在这个过程当中，更需要的是汉语的表达能力，因此要多读汉语方面的书籍，多读经典，多用汉语进行写作，多表达，这样汉语能力自然就有一定的提升。然后就是要将自己的汉语底子用起来，就要多做翻译，多进行英翻汉的练习，多学习翻译理论，多比较两种语言，找出其中的差异，有效处理差异，换易语言使之易解。英翻汉、汉翻英就是一个循环往复、不断推进的过程。当然，对于这个专业的准备，暂且以这个专业考试《英汉翻译基础》做了一个简单说明，如果有同学要报这个专业，我们也就针对这个专业我们应该如何去复习，如何准备，做了一个大体上的描述和切入。小刚接下来面临的是制订计划、安排好时间，按部就班地朝自己的考研目标奋进，我们祝他及所有考研的同学，可以学有所成，真正学到东西，在考场上镇定发挥出自己应有的水平，都有一个令自己满意的结果。好了，今天的分享就到这里了。请给我留言：你对考研激增的现象怎么看？提升学历是否最重要？有没有一些考研经历或是见闻，都可以与大家分享。

2020年考研英语一到底有多难？通过考研英语能够上热搜，就可以知道，难度应该不低，有一个单词，就难倒了很多考生，这个单词就是renaissance（文艺复兴）。有同学居然将其当作人名，直接就给翻译了，很是好奇，不知道她翻译成了那个名字？有一位去年就考过的同学说：“很明显要比去年难很多，去年英语一我考了71分，提前半个小时就做完了，今年可能还需要多半个小时，才能够完美地做完这张卷子。估计，今年只能考65分。”英语一难，其中一个原因就是阅读理解四篇都是紧密结合热点，这让很多考生直呼受不了，新题型也不简单，可能最难的就是翻译吧，一个单词renaissance就难倒了很多考生。这两天，很多机构都公布了考研英语参考答案，不知道大家是否对了答案，进行了估分，如果有估分，我们可以参考最近10年分数线，看看能否过线？为了回答这个问题，首先需要了解考研国家线与单科线，国家线比较容易理解，类比高考分数线，就是进复试必须要达到的考研分数线。下面简单介绍下考研单科线。考研单科线考研单科线，分为两个，一个是满分=100分，另外一个是满分>100分的单科线。所以，很明显，满分=100分的考研科目只有英语和政治，所以，所谓的单科线（满分=100分），就是指英语与政治的最低分数线。具体如何划分，不得而知，但是，我们可以推测，应该是按照英语平均成绩来划分的，因为，与政治相比，英语要更难考一些，并且其平均分一般也要低于政治，所以，既然是划线，当然是以更难考的为准。不过，如果那一年，政治成绩比英语成绩普遍还低，那肯定又以政治为准来划线。总之，无论是以哪个科目为准划线，只要这个单科线被划分出来，对政治、英语同时起作用，任何一门达不到国家线，都意味着考研失败。那么，我们究竟能不能预测下2020年的英语单科线呢？如果想要预测2020年英语考多少分可以过线，首先要知道最近几年的英语（政治）单科线，所以，我们将2008年到2019年的考研A区学硕英语（政治）单科线进行了统计，统计结果如下表所示。通过统计表，我们发现，即使是同样100分满分的英语，不同专业的单科线差别还是比较大的，比如文学专业，单科线可以达到50多分，最近十年只有2014年是低于50分，只有45分，而2019年是51分，所以，2020年较2019年难一些，单科线再一次跌破50分，可能性还是比较大的。我们将以上表格中的数据，做一个统计直方图，我们就会发现，部分专业的分数线波动较大，比如文学、管理学等，而少部分专业分数线其实变化很小，比如工学、理学等。我们再从整体上来看，各个专业的单科分数线是否有什么规律可循？我们选择最近的2016年-2017年，2017年-2018年，2018年-2019年，将各个专业的分数线变化进行统计。统计结果见下表所示：通过以上统计，我们不难发现：即使是同一年，不同专业的分数线变化完全是不同的，有些增长，有些反而下降，没有什么规律可循，因为，影响考研分数线的因素较多，比如报考人数、招生计划、考试难度等因素。所以说，如果仅凭英语考试难度来预测国家单科线走势，其实，难度比较大，最起码对于某些专业来说，是这样。但是，我们也发现，分数线波动是有一个范围的，比如，2016年-2017年，最大的波动是2分，2-17年-2018年波动也是2分，只有去年波动范围较大，最大5分（除了照顾专业）。所以，我们可以预测，2019-2020年单科线，大部分专业变化依旧不会很大，不会有超过5分。并且，总体上，分数线可能保持不变或者呈现下降趋势，即使有个别专业会有所增加，但是，总体来说，大部分专业可能会下降0-5分，所以说，如果大家的估分成绩能够在去年的基础上，少0-5分，应该是可以过线的。主要有三个原因：我们已经知道，2020年英语一比较难，可以肯定的是要比2019年难。2018年-2019年分数线总体呈上升趋势，并且变化幅度较大，这主要是考研人数增加最多的原因。但是，这种变化不可能连续两年上升，这会让考生吃不消。2020年考研人数增加虽然没有2019年多，但是，依旧不少，所以对于单科线也会有影响，这个因素会导致分数线增加。所以说，基于以上三个原因，大部分专业的英语单科线可能会保持2019年分数线不变，或者在此基础上有所下降，但是，上升的可能性很小。最后，我们看看考研人数较多的工学专业的情况，将其单独做统计，我们可以发现，连续好几年都在下降，只有去年增长幅度较大，原因依然是考研人数大幅增加。2019年英语单科线是39分，所以说，基于以上三个原因，我们可以大胆预测下2020年工学专业的英语单科线会不会是35分呢？也就是说，会下降4分。那么，你对完答案估分在35分以上，那过线的可能性很大。以上，就是关于国家线以及英语单科线的一些简单介绍，同时也对英语单科线进行了粗略地预测，以上内容仅代表个人看法，仅供参考。最后，希望每一位同学英语都能够过线！

Even if families are less likely to sit down to eat together than was once the case, millions of Britons will none the less have partaken this weekend of one of the nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 即使家庭成员不像以前那样频繁聚餐了，但是数百万英国人周末依然会参加英国最大的传统活动之一：周末烤肉大餐。(生词：less...than 比……少 than was once the case比以前as was once the case和以前一样none the less 依然 partake 参加，吃)周日烤肉大餐Ona cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can match it. 在一个寒冷的冬日，没有什么烹饪乐趣比得过它了。（生词：culinary烹饪的，厨房的）Yet as we report now , the food police are determined that this enjoyment should be rendered into another guilty pleasure guaranteedto damage our health.但是正如我们报道的那样，食品监督部门断定吃的快乐肯定会变成有损健康的自责。(生词：the food police 食品监督部门 render 致使，造成 be rendered into 变成 be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定去做某事 )The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has issueda public warning about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked at high temperatures. 英国食品标监局警告民众注意一种在高温烹饪食物过程中产生的致癌物质——丙烯酰胺的化学物质的危险。（生词：FSA 英国食品标准局issue 发布，发行 that forms... high temperatures是acrylamide 的定语从句。at high temperatures在高温下）This means that people should avoidcrisping their roast potatoes, spurn thin -crust pizzas and only partially toast their bread. 这就意味着人们应该避免吃炸土豆片，薄脆披萨和烤面包。（ 生词：crisp 使食物变脆 roast 在火上或者火炉中把食物烤焦 crust 面包皮，外壳 toast 在火上或者火旁把食物烤脆，烤成黄色 partially toast 指把面包的表皮烤焦 ）But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice?但是支持这么危言耸听的建议的证据在哪里呢？（生词：alarmist 危言耸听的）Whilestudies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no conclusive evidence that it causes cancer in humans. 尽管研究已经表明丙烯酰胺能够致老鼠神经损坏，但是没有确凿的证据证明它会致人癌症。（生词：while 位于句首引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”neurological神经上的，神经学的 conclusive 令人信服的，确凿的 that it ... in humans是evidence的同位语从句。）Scientists say the compound is likelyto be “carcinogenic” but have no hard scientific proof . 科学家说这种化学物质有可能致癌，但是没有有力的科学依据。On the basis ofthe precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is advisable to follow the FSA advice.根据预防性原则，可以说采纳英国食品标监局的建议是明智的。（生词：on the basis of 根据，依据 precautionary小心的，预先警戒的 It could be argued that... 可以说…… advisable 明智的，可取的） After all, it was rumored that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a connection.别忘了，人们传言吸烟致癌许多年后才找到证据证明二者有关。（生词: it was rumored that ...人们传言……）Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be servep on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 毫无疑问，周日上桌的总是煮牛肉和蒸熟的蔬菜，没有约克郡布丁，没有酒。但是那样的话，生活还值得过吗？生活还有意思吗？（生词：Doubtless毫无疑问serve 服务，端上serve meal 端菜，上饭 alongside 和……一起）约克郡布丁To be fair,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods entirely , but rece their lifetime intake.公平地讲，FSA说不是让人们完全不吃烤制食物，而是减少烤制食物的摄入量。（生词：to be fair公平地讲 cut out放弃 intake摄入,摄取,吸入）However their campaignrisks coming across as exhortation and nannying. Constant health scares just end up with no one listening.但是他们的这一倡导冒着被人们当作是极力劝戒和担心过度的风险。不断担心健康就会以没人听而告终。（人们会觉得FSA太过于夸大其危害，杞人忧天，所以没有人听，也不再担心健康问题了。）（生词：campaign 运动，活动，战役 come across 碰到，偶遇，发现 exhortation极力劝戒 nannying过度保护 end up with以……结束）1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on[D]Till2. [A ]match[B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concern4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued[B]received [C]ignored [D]canceled6. [A] under [B]at[C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially[B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]external [C] conclusive[D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely[D]slow12.[A]On the basis of[B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection[D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair[B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely[C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign[D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

2020年全国研究生入学统一考试的初试成绩已经陆续可以查询了。有的同学查完分数，高兴的在网上晒出了成绩单；也有一些同学现在度日如年，焦急的等待成绩公布，他们总担心自己单科会挂线，尤其是英语。往年也有很多这样的事情发生，比如：担心英语达不到国家线，结果就真的挂了！这到底是怎么回事？今天，我就想和大家聊一聊这个问题。烦人的“墨菲”，它无处不在我不洗车，晴空万里；刚洗完车，第二天就下雨！我不翘课，也不点名；刚一翘课，老师就点名！我担心数学考试某道大题忘了写“解”，结果它就真的没写！这到底是怎么回事？其实这种情况，在我们的生活中常常发生，有一个专门的名词解释这种现象，叫做“墨菲定律”。这里有一个小故事：美国爱德华兹空军基地的工程师墨菲，在1949年的某天，和他的上司斯塔普少校一起，在做一个研究火箭减速超重的试验，试验过程中因为仪器失灵，发生了事故。他们查找原因，最终发现是测量仪表被技术人员给装反了。由此，墨菲得出一个结论：如果做某项工作有多种方法，而其中有一种方法将导致事故，那么一定有人会按这种方法去做。西方人经常这样表述“墨菲定律”：凡事只要有可能出错，那就一定会出错。根据“墨菲定律”，又有以下四条引申：任何事都没有表面看起来那么简单；所有的事都会比你预计的时间长；会出错的事总会出错；如果你担心某种情况发生，那么它就更有可能发生。其实，这些情况的发生是概率在起作用，就像中国的老话说的——上得山多终遇虎。用数学的语言来表述，就是：如果一件事它发生的次数或样本足够多，在这种情况下，一个小概率事件也会变成必然事件。我们以“空难”为例来说明：飞机是世界上最安全的交通工具，它发生“空难”的可能性非常低，但是我们却经常能够看到新闻报道“空难”，这是为什么呢？根据近几年的数据统计，全世界“空难”概率大概是200万分之一，这个概率还是非常之低的。我们假设每1万架次的飞机安全飞行的概率为99.5%，，那么发生空难的概率就是0.5%。那么，按照这个数据推算的话，每10万架次飞机安全飞行的概率为95%，发生空难的概率为5%；每100万架次飞机安全飞行的概率为61%，发生空难的概率为39%；每1000万架次飞机安全飞行的概率为0.67%，发生空难的概率为99.33%。我们全球每年有3000多万架次的飞机飞行，全部安全的概率接近于0。因此，我们经常能够在电视上看到 “空难”的新闻报道。考研的分数也是一样，2020年考研报名的人数有341万，假设每名考生参加4个科目的考试，那么，某名考生某科得了0分一定是一个小概率事件，但是，因为样本足够大，小概率事件变成了必然事件，我们每年都能够看到0分考卷。这也就解释了：“担心英语达不到国家线，结果就真的挂了！”这一问题。把握机会，绝地逢生如果我们不幸真的单科挂线了，或者总分不够，那我2020年还有读研的可能吗？还是有的！主要有以下几种办法：1.破格复试有的院校规定，满足一定要求的考生可以申请破格复试。具体破格要求要仔细研读报考院校关于破格复试的有关规定，有不明白的问题也可以直接电话咨询该院校研招办，一般院校相关工作人员都会给你明确的答复。2.总分补差有少数院校有“总分补差”的政策规定。对于部分高分考生，只有一科挂线，且相差分数较少，被淘汰了十分可惜。这个时候，依据政策规定，该考生可以用总分20分换取挂线科目1分，以此来达到单科过线标准，进入复试。3.加分政策参加“大学生志愿服务西部计划”、“三支一扶计划”、“农村义务教育阶段学校教师特设岗位计划”等项目服务期满、考核合格的考生，3年内参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的，初试总分加10分，同等条件下优先录取。高校学生应征入伍服义务兵役退役，达到报考条件后，3年内参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的考生，初试总分加10分，同等条件下优先录取。在部队荣立二等功以上，符合全国硕士研究生招生考试报考条件的，可申请免试(初试)攻读硕士研究生。参加“选聘高校毕业生到村任职”项目服务期满、考核称职以上的考生，3年内参加全国硕士研究生招生考试的，初试总分加10分，同等条件下优先录取，其中报考人文社科类专业研究生的，初试总分加15分。4.照顾专业照顾专业是指：国家根据国民经济发展急需和研究生教育发展的需要确定部分扶持的重点学科专业。这些学科一般需求量较大，但上线生源较少。照顾专业单独划定进入复试的初试成绩基本要求(一般比国家线略低)。照顾专业具体包括以下专业：学术学位：工学照顾专业：力学[0801]、冶金工程[0806]、动力工程及工程热物理[0807]、水利工程[0815]、地质资源与地质工程 [0818]、矿业工程[0819]、船舶与海洋工程[0824]、航空宇航科学与技术[0825]、兵器科学与技术[0826]、核科学与技术[0827]、农业工程[0828]。中医类照顾专业：中医学[1005]、中西医结合[1006]体育学[0403]专业学位：工程硕士照顾领域：冶金工程[085205]、动力工程[085206]、水利工程[085214]、地质工程[085217]、矿业工程[085218]、船舶与海洋工程[085223]、安全工程[085224]、兵器工程[085225]、核能与核技术工程[085226]、农业工程[085227]、林业工程[085228]、航空工程[085232]、航天工程[085233]。中医硕士[1057]体育硕士[0452]5.少数民族照顾报考地处二区招生单位且毕业后在国务院公布的民族区域自治地方定向就业的少数民族普通高校应届本科毕业生;或者工作单位在国务院公布的民族区域自治地方，且定向就业单位为原单位的少数民族在职人员考生，可按规定享受少数民族照顾政策。享受少数民族照顾政策的考生，单独划定进入复试的初试成绩基本要求。6.调剂很多二区院校每年研究生都招录不满，甚至部分一区院校也存在研究生补录的机会，同学们可以及时关注研招信息，留心看看往年相关院校的研招情况和调剂人数，可以尝试给学校的研招办打电话咨询招录情况，他们的口径比较权威。心有猛虎，细嗅蔷薇2020年的开年与众不同，2020年的考生也承受着环境和心理上的双重压力。好在春天，她快要来了。希望各位考生都能够在防疫期间做好复习，戒骄戒躁，靠近美好，把在特殊“假期”里积攒起的磅礴之力，全部投入到考研复试的战斗中去。最后，祝愿大家都能够考研成功，梦想成真。想飞上天 和太阳肩并肩世界等着我去改变想做的梦 从不怕别人看见在这里我都能实现大声欢笑 让你我肩并肩何处不能欢乐无限抛开烦恼 勇敢的大步向前

2020年考研英语结束后很多学生在感叹：今年英语试题太难了，考生们纷纷表示考研英语阅读理解难度难出新高度，新题型难度也比往年要大。但是我们客观理性的分析，从历年考研英语结束后考生们的反映来看，每年考生考完英语后都会有相似的反应，那就是每年考生都会觉得自己年份的英语试题难度大。这里面既有考生个人发挥的因素影响，也有眼光局限的问题。由于考生没有经历过多次考研，因此很难真正判断考研英语真题的难度如何。2020考研英语试题难度太大？考研英语国家线变化都有哪些规律？考研英语不管难度如何变化，作文、翻译、完形填空难度基本难度变化不大，其实考生感觉考研难度大的也仅仅是考研英语阅读理解而已，另外新题型很多学生觉得难，但是这部分题对考生分数影响有限，一方面是因为分值比较低，另一方面是因为即使题简单，考生也很少做全对，即使题变难了，考生也可能会做正确三个左右，因此新题型试题难度变化对考生最后成绩影响不大，反而是考研英语阅读理解难度对考生最后成绩影响比较大。因此尽管很多考生都在吐槽2020考研英语太难了，认为考研英语阅读理解难度比较大，比去年考研英语阅读理解难度高，但是客观理性地讲难度也没有高出太多，整体难度没有高出往年多少，只能说难度高了一些，但是并不能说太难，考生复习到位还是能够得出正确答案，考出理想的成绩。既然考研英语难度不是太大，那么考研英语国家线变化都有哪些规律呢？根据自己对考研的研究，认为总体上讲考研英语国家线变化有三个基本规律，一是考研英语国家线如果上涨或者下降，变化幅度大概在1-5分范围以内。从近10年考研英语国家线变化来看，基本上如果考研国家线上升最多也是提高5分。二是考研英语国家线很少连续几年一直提高，考虑到2019年考研英语国家线大部分专业已经提高，因此判断2020考研英语国家线会继续提高的可能性并不是很大，但是很可能会保持在2019年的水平。三是经管类专业和文学专业考研英语国家线一直为各个专业最高，理工科专业考研英语国家线比较低，即使上升也是在0分多一点，对于理工科学生难度不大，农学这些冷门专业考研英语国家线最低，考生压力最小。

2020年全国硕士研究生招生考试已于12月21日举行，本次考试报考人数达到341万人，创历史新高。纵观近五年的考研报名数据，从2016年的177万，到2020年的341万，5年时间，考研报名人数已接近翻番。那么今年的题难吗？今天随文都网校小编一起来看看2020考研英语试题与解析，预祝2020考研学子考研成功！【2020考研英语(一)小作文】真题参考范文：（通知留学生歌唱比赛）【2020考研英语(一)大作文】参考范文：(良好的时间管理习惯)【2020考研英语(一)小作文】参考范文：向国际学生介绍历史景点）【2020考研英语(二)大作文】参考范文：(手机阅读)以上就是文都网校小编为大家整理的2020考研英语一、二写作参考范文哦，并为大家分享下考研英语一、二写作标准，大家可以根据标准预估自己的分数哦。英语一写作标准考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时，考生应能：1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2)遵循文章的特定文体格式；3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4)根据写作目的和特定作者，恰当选用语域。A节：考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。共10分。B节：考生根据提示信息写出一篇160～200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。共20分。英语二写作标准学生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。A节：考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。共10分。B节：要求考生根据所规定的情景或给出的提纲，写出一篇150词左右的英语说明文或议论文。提供情景的形式为图画、图表或文字。共15分。2020考研英语一、二翻译答案小编也整理好了，快来看看吧~2020考研英语翻译真题及解析：英语一翻译】2020考研英语翻译真题及解析：英语二翻译2020考研真题答案解析正在更新中，快来文都网校看答案解析+考后估分；文都全名师各科目参考答案；试题难度、考点解读、考情分析。值得一提的是，文都考研英语名师考前对2020考研英语考试题目进行了预测，其中文都教育名师何凯文、谭剑波、吴扶剑、李明朗等成功进行了预测，预测到2020考研英语，其中包括考研英语(一)、考研英语(二)大作文小作文。你还在等什么？要考研，到文都。文都网校各科老师还会继续为各位考生进行讲解预测的真题，考生一定要及时的关注文都网校考研网。