历年考研阅读翻译

考研英语，翻译是很多考研童鞋们的伤。其主要的原因是，基础没有打牢固，词组和单词量的积累不够或者对意思的理解有偏差。其实翻译是很容易得分的题目，记住下面总结的这些近20年真题中的常考的翻译词组，可以帮我们更加高效地做出翻译题目，有效地把握命题的规律！其实这些词组不仅做翻译很有用，做完型填空的时候也是有用的，完型填空里面就会有很多的固定搭配。自己写作文的时候也可以合理地使用这些词组，让改卷的老师眼前一亮的赶脚。最后，21考研的童鞋要好好加油咯！已经正式步入6月份了！

本文是2013年考研英语试卷阅读理解Part A的Text 2部分。本文主要讲述了网络隐私问题，就“在线行为广告”引发的争议展开论述，随后追溯了争议的相关解决方案。An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half.老话说的好，广告费的一半是浪费了的——问题是，没人知道哪一半浪费掉的。In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reced.在互联网时代，至少在理论上，这一浪费的部分能够减少。By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.通过观察人们搜索什么，点击什么，在网络上说什么，公司能够瞄准那些更容易购买的客户投放“行为”广告。26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:第一段表明，“行为”广告帮助广告商：[A] ease competition among themselves缓和他们之间的竞争[B] lower their operational costs降低运营成本[C] avoid complaints from consumers避免消费者的抱怨[D] provide better online services提供更好的网络服务答案：B。解析：第一句就指出了，广告费花费了有一半被浪费掉了。后面指出互联网时代广告费用大幅减少，因为公司（广告商）能够将“行为”广告投放给最有可能购买的人群。由此可知，“行为广告”能帮助广告商“降低运营成本”这句话最符合题意。In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?在过去几周，一场争论表明这些精准信息对于广告商的价值：广告商应该假定用户乐于被追踪并且收到这些广告吗？或者应该获得用户明确的准许？In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed .在2010年12月，美国联邦贸易委员会建议提出一个“禁止追踪”的选项加入到网络浏览器中，以便用户能告诉广告商他们不想被“追踪”。Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is e to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the instry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.微软的IE浏览器和苹果的Safari浏览器提供了“禁止追踪”选项；谷歌的Chrome浏览器在今年准备提供这样的功能。2月，联邦贸易委员会和数字广告联盟同意该行业尽快对“禁止追踪”这一请求作出回应。27. “The instry” (Line 6, Para.3) refers to:“该行业”指的是：[A] online advertisers在线广告商[B] e-commerce conctors电子商务运营[C] digital information analysis数字信息分析者[D] internet browser developers网络浏览器开发商答案：D。解析：FTC和DAA一致认为the instry会对DNT要求迅速做出回应。前面又指出FTC提议在浏览器上添加DNT选项，可见这个提议的动作执行者在浏览器开发商。可见FTC和DAA提议的the instry就是浏览器开发商。On May 31st Microsoft set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version e to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.微软在五月31日率先发起讨论，它表明随windows8一起发布的IE 10，将把“禁止追踪”选项设为默认状态。Advertisers are horrified .广告商慌神了。Human nature being what it is,most people stick with default settings.人性本质上是，大多数人还是坚持默认设置的。Few switch DNT on now,but if tracking is off it will stay off.很少人会打开DNT选项，但是如果“追踪”是关闭的那么它就一直关闭了。Bob Liodice,the chief executive of the Association of National Advertisers,says consumers will be worse off if the instry cannot collect information about their preferences.国家广告协会会长Bob Liodice 表示，如果这个行业不能收集消费者们的偏好信息，消费者的情况将会更糟。People will not get fewer ads,he says.“They’ll get less meaningful,less targeted ads.人们看到的广告不会更少，他们会得到更多的“无意义的”、更不精确的目标广告。28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a defaultBob Liodice坚称设置“禁止追踪”为默认选项[A] may cut the number of junk ads可能减少垃圾广告[B] fails to affect the ad instry对这个行业没有影响[C] will not benefit consumers对消费者不利[D] goes against human nature违反人性答案：C。解析：Bob Liodice指出了消费者的情况会更糟糕，收到的广告不会变少，反而会出现更多无意义的广告。所以C正确。It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond.还不清楚广告商怎么回应。Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so.收到“DNT”信号并不能迫使企业去停止追踪，尽管一些企业承诺会这么做。Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.由于不能分辨出用户是拒绝“行为”广告还是他们只是坚持微软的默认选项，一些企业可能忽略“禁止追踪”的信号并且继续追踪。29. which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?根据第六段，下面哪一个是正确的？[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose“禁止追踪”可能不能取得预期目标[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT广告商更希望执行“禁止追踪”选项[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers“禁止追踪”在消费者之中并不流行[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads广告商有责任提供“行为”广告答案：A。解析：公司收到DNT信号并不意味着一定要求停止追踪，而且由于他们不清楚消费者心理，可能也会对DNT默认信号加以忽略。由此，DNT并不能达到限制公司获取用户在线行为信息的目的。所以A合适。Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone.并且也不清楚为什么微软一意孤行的发起行动。After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how.毕竟，它也有商业广告业务。据称这些业务也遵守“禁止追踪”选项设定。不过还在具体怎样实施还在研究当中。If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising，it has chosen an indirect method: there is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm.如果它是想让谷歌不高兴，谷歌的业务几乎全靠广告支持。它选择了一个不太直接的方式，没有保证说能将“‘禁止追踪’设为默认状态”成为行业规范。DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other procts favorably with Google's on that count before.“禁止追踪”看起来也不能成为Windows 8的巨大卖点，尽管此前这个公司将旗下一些产品与谷歌的进行了有利对比。Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, blogged:" we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?Brendon Lynch，微软首席隐私官，在博客中写道：我们相信消费者将有更多的控制权。真的那么简单吗？30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:作者对Brendon Lynch在博客中所说的态度是：[A] inlgence纵容[B] understanding理解[C] appreciation欣赏[D] skepticism怀疑答案：D。解析：Brendon Lynch说消费者应该拥有更多控制权，但是作者后面又反问：真的那么简单吗？可见，作者对Brendon Lynch的观点是怀疑的。

1. be determined by 由…所决定2. have something to do with 与…有关3. be central to sth. 是…的核心4. in contrast/by contrast 与此相反5. be e to 由于（常做表语）6. be deprived of 被剥夺7. respond to 对…作出反应8. as the basis of 依据/根据9. be born with 天生具有10. In contrast 相比之下11. shut off 关上，停止，切断12. in any case=at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何；in no case 决不13. or so 大概，大约14. at the rate of 以…的速率15. take time 花费时间16. be likely to 可能；倾向于17. result in 导致18. not nearly 远不能；远非19. head into 走向；陷入（危机）20. in the matter of 关于；就…而言21. make…possible 使…成为可能22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来；加上23. in the fashion of 以…方式24. such…as 像…一样25. refer to… 提到；谈到26. agreement on 一致意见27. be comparable to 和…相当；犹如28. in terms of 根据；按照；在…方面29. on the whole 总体来说；大体上看30. draw a conclusion 得出结论31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度32. only if 只要33. the same…as 与…一样34. by lack of=for lack of 因为缺乏35. nothing but 只不过是36. by means of 通过；借助于37. by the help of 通过…的帮助38. in a sort of sense 从某种意义上来说39. manage to do sth. 设法做到40. extract …from 从……提炼出41. out of… 起源；来源；根据42. build up 建立；树立43. by no means 绝不44. be compared with 与……相比45. a sort of 某种46. set…… in motion 开始；47. differ in… 在…方面不同48. go through 经历；经受；仔细检查49. in the one case =on the one hand50. in the course of the day=ring the day51. a train of=a series of=an array of=a variety of52. revolve around 围绕…转；以…为中心53. not so much…as 与其说…不如说…54. because of 由于55. move forward 向前发展56. in short 简而言之；总之57. as we call it 我们所谓的58. the reach of science 科学能够到达的范围59. a series of 一系列60. over the years 多年以来61. turn…on… 转向，朝向62. rather than 而不是63. at the expense of=at the cost of 以…为代价64. vice versa 反之亦然65. depend on 取决于66. driving force 驱动力67. social inequality 社会不公68. in doing sth 在…过程中69. divert…from 把…从…转移70. lie with 取决于；在于71. be validated by 被…验证/证实72. whether…or 是……还是73. depend upon…and on 取决于…还取决于…74. depend upon…and upon 取决于…还取决于…75. such…as 例如，象这种的76. in general 通常；大体上；一般而言77. for example 比如78. compensate for 补偿；赔偿79. underprivileged youngster 贫困的/下层社会的年轻人80. grow up 长大81. under…circumstances 在…环境下82. be results of 由于…83. social needs 社会需求84. to some extent 在一定程度上85. come to the conclusion得出结论86. make demand of对…提出要求87. scientific establishment科研机构88. in detail详细地89. a certain amount of一定数量的90. not related to…与…没有关系91. immediate goals当前目标92. be unable to do不能够…93. in principle原则上；基本上；一般而言94. deal with应付；解决；处理95. new forms of thought新的思维方式96. as well as和97. new subjects for thought新的思维对象/内容98. in the past过去99. give rise to sth导致；引起；使…产生100. scoial contract社会合同101. an agreed account of共识102. human rights人权103. leads……to 导致104. at the outset从一开始；开始的时候105. invite sb. to do sth.使某人认为106. ties and entitlements权利和义务107. extend to给与108. no…at all. 根本不是109. arguing from the view that…以…的角度看110. different from…… 与…不同111. in every relevant respect在所有相关的方面112. in action起作用113. laugh at嘲笑114. even more important更重要的是115. be able to能够116. look into洞察；观察117. put forward放出；拿出；提出118. work with与…共事/合作；起作用119. close in on接近，差不多120. as expected正如预期的121. a refinement of一种更为完美的122. as…as… 和…一样123. conform to符合；遵照124. see…as 把…看作125. less…and more 与其说…不如说…126. intellectual discipline知识学科127. whether…or 是…还是…128. refer to指代…129. peculiar to…特有的130. appropriate to适合的；恰当的131. apply to适合于；存在于132. view…as 把…看成；把…当成133. equate…with 把…等同于…；认为…是134. speclialized scientists专家135. centralized control中央控制136. under…conditions在…条件下137. such as比如138. it is obvious that很明显…139. be bound up with与…联系在一起；与…有关系140. be directly bound up with与…直接相关141. in turn依此；轮流；又142. rest upon…取决于143. of all kinds所有种类的…144. owing to由于145. be exposed to sth.暴露于；接触到146. be forced to do sth.被迫做…147. for the reasons given above由于上述原因148. far-reaching意义深远的；影响很大的149. spread over遍布；覆盖150. arise from由…产生的；由…带来的151. migration movement人口流动152. modern means of transport现代交通手段153. population explosion人口爆炸154. pollution monitor污染监测器155. digital age数字时代156. be regarded as…被当成是157. piece together拼合；汇聚；综合158.hundreds of 数以百计的159. around the world全世界160. key breakthroughs and discoveries重大突破与发现161. take place发生162. point out指出163. lead to导致164. home appliances家用电器165. result in导致166. man-machine integration人机一体化167. behavior science行为科学168. human nature人性169. natural selction自然选择170. a little more than a hundred yeras一百多年171. what is called所谓的172. trace…to… 从…寻找根源；从…研究173. state of mind心态174. and so on诸如此类175. partly because…and partlybecause…部分是因为…部分是因为…176. be held responsible for…被认为应该对…负责177. be given credit for… 为…受到称赞178. with it随之179. cross-cultrual perspective跨文化的角度180. concrete research具体研究181. subject…to…使…服从于182. in… manner以…方式；用…方法183. seek to力图；试图；设法184. combined with加上；连同185. bring to加进；使用；采用186. define…as…把…定义为187. makes…possible使…成为可能188. language and thought语言和思维189. have some connections with…与…有联系；190. take root生根；被牢固树立191. be obliged to sb.感激某人192. die out灭绝193. so…that…如此…以至于194. accuse sb. of…指责某人干某事195. be interested in doing sth.对…感兴趣196. come to开始；逐渐；进而197. believe in相信198. a sort of某种的199. habitual thought习惯思维200. grammatical pattern语法结构201. publishing houses出版社202. as elsewhere像其他地方一样203. bring together使联合；使团结204. in relation to有关205. one another/each other互相206. out of…在…当中207. make up组成208. no less than多达；不少于209. take a loss亏损210. deal with对付；处理211. on such a scale如此规模的212. it is no exaggeration to say…毫不夸张地说213. the connecting fabric of the Old Continent欧洲大陆的联系网络/把欧洲大陆连成一个整体214. define…as…把…定义为215. elect…as把…当作216. be analogous to…与…类似；与…相似216. contribute to…有助于217. be charged with…承担…；负责…218. dedicate…to…把…献给…；把…用于…219. make reflections on…对…进行思考220. rules of conct行为准则221. moral code道德标准223. moral judgments道德判断224. not…any but=noting but225. more than不只是226. special preserve特殊权利227. intellectual equipment知识才能228. everyday realities日常现实229. on a daily basis每天230. established conventions and specialresponsibilities已有传统和特殊责任231. a clear grasp/command of…对…的清晰领会232. leagal learning法律学习234. link…to把…同…联系起来235. be parallel to类似于236. on a daily basis每天237. established conventions既定惯例238. enable…to…使…。能够239. be superior to优于； beinferior to 劣于240. succeed with在方面取得成功241. well-founded有说服力的242. no power of reasoning推理能力243. the common run of men普通人244. moral character道德品质245. be injurious to

It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. 我们可以谴责交通阻塞、汽油价格、以及现代生活的快节奏，但马路礼貌确实越来越糟糕。Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.所有的人都知道：即便脾气最好的人在车里也会变成怪兽。老虎在油箱里还好说，可老虎若坐在驾驶员的位置上就完全是另一回事了。You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motoristis the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.你也许能够容忍在马路上横冲直闯的司机、粗鲁且不体谅人的司机，但现今文明驾驶的司机却实属罕见。(可能这需要发起一场“对其他司机友善”的运动，否则，情形会完全失控)。第二段：Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior.马路文明不仅是一种礼貌行为，还是一种良好的意识。司机需要非常冷静的头脑和好脾气才能在碰到不文明行为时克制住自己不进行报复。On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring.另一方面，些许文明行为十分有助于缓解驾车时的紧张情绪。A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions.一个友好的颔首、感谢对方礼貌行为的一个轻轻的挥手有助于形成友好宽容的氛围，But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.而这在当前的交通条件下是非常必要的。但现在，这种对礼貌表示认可的行为非常罕见。现今很多司机即使见到礼貌行为也似乎视若惘然。第三段：However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to allow a car to emerge from a side street at some hazard to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway;但是，误用礼貌同样危险。典型的事例为：司机为了让过从边路上突然出现的车而采取急刹车，却对后面的交通造成了危险。（而若不出现这种情况），本来只需几秒钟的等待，道路就会畅通无阻；or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.或者，有人会为一个穿过斑马线的孩子让路，示意其进入行车道，但随后驶来的车辆却无法及时停车。同样，鼓励老太太随时随地横穿马路的行为也是如此。It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies.我经常感到奇怪：高速公路上居然没有屡屡出现这些老太太被撞死的交通事故。第四段：A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper.一位行为无可挑剔的老司机曾告诉我：在不引起交通阻塞，从而惹怒其他司机的前提下，司机们学会逐个插入车流有助于缓解交通。Unfortunately, modern motorists can’t even learn to drive, let alone master the subtler aspects of boatmanship.但现代的驾驶员甚至不会学如何驾车，更别说掌握公路驾车技能的微妙之处了。Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.多年前专家就曾警告我们：汽车拥有量的突增要求所有马路使用者的互谅互让。现在是我们该把这项警告铭记于心的时候了。14. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by.[A] people’s attitude towards the road-hog[B] the rhythm of modern life[C] the behavior of the driver[D] traffic conditions[分析] 本题考核知识点：第一段主旨题。第一段第二句至段末的内容指出：好人一旦驾车也可能成为伤人的妖怪；过分大胆的司机（tiger）会造成很大的麻烦；鉴于文明驾车的司机太少的现状，为了不至于情况完全失控，有必要发起名为“对其他司机好点”的运动。这说明，形成道路问题的主要原因是司机的行为。 另外，本文其余部分全部是围绕“司机如何正确运用礼貌（politeness），以减少道路问题”进行讨论。所以，[C]为正确选项。误选[A]是因为没有正确理解You might tolerate…rule，本句旨在说明：文明驾驶的司机并不常见；而并非说明人们对于鲁莽司机的态度。[B]、 [D]舍本逐末：文章第一段提到现代生活的节奏和交通状况是为了引出道路问题的主要原因──司机的行为。15. The sentence “You might tolerate the odd road-hog... the rule.” (Para. 1) implies that.[A] our society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists[B] rude drivers can be met only occasionally[C] the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the road-hog[D] nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists[分析] 本题考核知识点：根据上下文理解句意。本句大意：你可以容忍古怪、粗鲁、不体谅人的司机，但现今文明驾驶的司机却实属罕见。exception to the rule 意为“例外”。[D] 是the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule的改写，表达相同的意思，所以为正确选项。[B]与事实相反。[A]、[C]文中未提及。16. By “good sense,” the writer means.[A] the driver’s ability to understand and react reasonably[B] the driver’s prompt response to difficult and severe conditions[C] the driver’s tolerance of rude or even savage behavior[D] the driver’s acknowledgement of politeness and regulations[分析] 本题考核知识点：根据上下文理解短语。根据题干关键词good sense锁定第二段第一句。由于该句是段落主题句，所以对它的理解必然基于对本段内容的把握。本段第一句指出：马路文明不仅是good manners，还是good sense。下文开始对good sense进行具体阐述。第二句说明如何对待他人不礼貌的行为：克制住自己不进行报复；第三句到段末说明如何对待他人的礼貌行为：表示理解并做出认可的反应。所以，[A]是这两方面内容的概括。[C]和[D]都只涉及一个方面的内容，不全面，[B]中“困难且严峻的条件”太笼统，“快速反应”在该段也没有提到。17. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion,.[A] road users should make more sacrifice[B] drivers should be ready to yield to each other[C] drivers should have more communication among themselves[D] drivers will suffer great loss if they pay no respect to others[分析]：本题考核知识点：细节题。根据题干中出现的关键词Experts，car-ownership explosion锁定全文倒数第二句。对本题进行判断的主要依据来自于对短语give-and-take 的理解。考生根据本合成词的构成很容易猜测出give-and-take 意为：互相让步,互相迁就（make mutual concessions），[B]中的yield to each other即为此意，所以为正确选项。18. In the writer’s opinion,.[A] strict traffic regulations are badly needed[B] drivers should apply road politeness properly[C] rude drivers should be punished[D] drivers should avoid traffic jams[分析] 本题考核知识点：作者观点题。理解作者的观点需要纵观全文。本文第二段说明司机应该礼貌驾驶并对同行的礼貌行为做出合理反应。第三段说明司机误用礼貌(misplaced politeness ) 同样危险。所以，本文是从正反两方面分析了politeness对减少道路问题的作用。properly对于作者的观点最具有概括力，所以[B]为正确选项。本文并没有从利用交通法规减少交通问题方面进行讨论，所以[A]非本文论述内容。本文也没有提及对野蛮司机的惩罚，所以[C]非正确选项。文章只在开头作为马路问题产生原因之一提及traffic jam，而并没有提到司机应该避免交通高峰以减少交通问题，所以[D]非正确选项。

近20年考研英语真题翻译常考词组，助你成功上岸收藏起来吧素材来源：艺考直通车

今天2020考研英语二考试已经结束了，小编正在发布2020考研英语二真题及答案，现在已经整理出2020考研英语二真题及答案：阅读理解第一篇和第二篇、以及翻译部分，并公布出来，希望有助于大家。2020考研英语二真题及答案：完型答案1.tricky2.for example3.fortunately4.descirbe5.while6.task7.tolerant8.push9.inevitable10.harsh11.turn back12.however13.regret14.affect15.bond16.important17.confronted18.hard19.changing20.escape2020考研英语二真题及答案：阅读理解第一篇21.Copper and her colleague argue that a "town of culture" award would ___.A. consolidate the town city ties in BritainB. promote cooperation among Brain's townsC. increase the economic strength of Brain's townsD. focus Brain's limited resources on cultural events.22.According to paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as ______..A.a sensible compromiseB.a self-deceiving attemptC.an eye-catching bonusD.an inaccessible target23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it ______A. endeavor to maintain its imageB. meets the aspiration of its peopleC. brings its local arts to prominenceD. commits to its long-term growth24. “Glasgow” is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present ______A. a contrasting caseB. a supporting exampleC. a background storyD. a related topic25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?A. Skeptical B. Objective C. Favorable D. Critical2020考研英语二真题及答案：阅读第二篇26. which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?A. The growth in the number of cooperationsB. The general pay rise with a better economyC. Increased business opportunities for top firmsD. Close cooperation among leading economics27.Compared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to ___.A. foster a stronger sense of teamworkB. finance more reaserach and developmentC.establish closer ties with tech companiesD.operate more globalized companies28. CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite ____.A.continual internal oppositionB. strict corporate governanceC.conservative business strategiesD.repeated governance warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps ___.A.confirm the status of CEOsB.motive inside candidatesC.boost the efficiency of CEOsD.increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be ___.A.CEOs Are Not OverpaidB. CEO Pay : Past and PresentC.CEOs' Challenges of TodayD.CEO Traits: Not Easy to Define2020考研英语二真题及答案：翻译部分

第一部分：英语运用阅读下面的文本。为每个标有数字的空格选择最合适的单词，并在答题卡上标好A，B，C，或者D。即使家人们并不像从前一样坐在一起吃饭，数百万的英国人仍然惯于共度周末，享受这个国度的最伟大的传统之一：星期天烤肉。（ 1 ）一个寒冷的冬日，很少烹饪的乐趣能够（ 2 ）它。然而正如我们现在报道的，食品警察认定这（ 3 ）应该被呈现，另一有罪的快乐（ 4 ）伤害我们的健康。户外烤肉食物标准局已经（ 5 ）一个公开警告，即关于一种（ 6 ）高温烹饪的食物中产生的名为丙烯酰胺的化合物的风险。这意味着人们应该（ 7 ）发脆他们的烤土豆，摒弃薄皮披萨并且只（ 8 ）烘烤他们的面包。但是支撑如此危言耸听建议的证据在哪里呢？（ 9 ）几个研究表示丙烯酰胺会导致老鼠的神经系统损伤，没有（ 10 ）证据表明它会导致人类癌症。科学家们说，这种化合物是（ 11 ）致癌的，但是没有确凿的科学证据。（ 12 ）预防原则，可以说遵循食物标准局的建议是（ 13 ）。（ 14 ），吸烟致癌曾经多年是谣言直到证明那是（ 15 ）的证据被找到。丙烯酰胺无疑，在周日一片煮牛肉总是可以（ 16 ）上，与一些清蒸蔬菜一起，没有约克郡布丁和葡萄酒。但是这样的人生值得过吗？（ 17 ）食物标准局说，这不是让人们把烤食品切出（18 ）而是减少他们的终生摄入。然而它的（ 19 ）风险作为一个讲道词和保姆的杂交出现。持续的健康恐慌只会（ 20 ）没一个人倾听。A、in在……里 B、towards向…… C、on在……上 D、till直到A、match匹配 B、express表达 C、satisfy满足 D、influence影响A、patience耐心 B、enjoyment享受 C、surprise惊喜 D、concern担忧A、intensified变本加厉地 B、privileged享有特权的C、compelled迫使 D、guaranted保证的，肯定的5. A、 issued 发布 B、received收到 C、ignored忽略 D、canceled删除6. A、under在……下 B、at在……方面 C、for为了 D、by用，被7. A、forget忘记 B、regret后悔 C、finish完成 D、avoid避免8. A、partially部分地 B、regularly规律地 C、easily容易地 D、initially最初9. A、Unless除非 B、Since因为 C、If如果 D、While然而10. A、secondary其次 B、external外部的C、conclusive最后的 D、negative消极的11. A、insufficient不够的 B、bound必定的C、likely可能的 D、slow缓慢的12. A、On the basis of 基于 B、At the cost of 以……成本C、 In addition to 另外 D、 In contrast to 与……相反13. A、interesting有趣的 B、advisable明智的C、urgent紧迫的 D、fortunate幸运的14. A、As usual如往常一样 B、In particular尤其C、By definition显然地 D、After all毕竟15. A、resemblance相似 B、combination组合C、connection联系 D、pattern模式16. A、made做 B、served服务 C、saved储存 D、used使用17. A、To be fair公平地说 B、For instance比如说C、To be brief简单来说 D、In general一般来说18. A、reluctantly勉强地 B、entirely完全地C、graally逐渐地 D、carefully小心地19. A、promise承诺 B、experience经验C、campaign运动 D、competition比赛20. A、follow up追踪 B、pick up捡起 C、open up打开 D、end up结束

本文强调了要为大学生提供更多课程方面的信息，从而使他们在对各门不同学科进行钻研之后，选择符合自己兴趣和能力的学科。It would be interesting to discover how many young people go to university without any clear idea of what they are going to do afterwards.发现有多少上大学的年轻人对将来要做什么没有任何明确的想法，将是一件有趣的事情。(21) If one considers the enormous variety of courses offered, it is not hard to see how difficult it is for a student to select the course most suited to his interests and abilities.（21）如果想一想那些为学生设置的门类繁多的课程，我们就不难发现，对一个学生来说，要选一门符合他的兴趣和能力的课程是多么困难。(22) If a student goes to university to acquire a broader perspective of life, to enlarge his ideas and to learn to think for himself, he will undoubtedly benefit.（22）如果一个学生进大学是为了想获得一个对生活前景更广泛的认识，为了扩大思想境界和学会独立思考，那么毫无疑问，进大学对他是有好处的。(23) Schools often have too restricting an atmosphere, with its time tables and disciplines, to allow him much time for independent assessment of the work he is asked to do.（23）学校由于受课程表和纪律的约束，气氛往往令人感到过于拘束，使学生没有充分时间对规定要他做的事情有独立的见解。(24) Most students would, I believe, profit by a year of such exploration of different academic studies, especially those “all rounders” with no particular interest.（24）我认为大多数学生，尤其是那些没有偏重某一门课程的“全面发展的学生”，经过一年左右的时间对各门不同学科的钻研，将会从中获益。They should have longer time to decide in what subject they want to take their degrees, so that in later life, they do not look back and say, “I should like to have been an archaeologist.他们应该有更长的时间来决定想拿什么学科的学位，以便在以后的岁月里回顾过去时不会说，“我希望自己是一名考古学家。If I hadn’t taken a degree in Modern Languages, I shouldn’t have ended up as an interpreter, but it’s too late now. I couldn’t go back and begin all over again.”如果我没有获得现代语言的学位，就不会成为一名翻译，但现在为时已晚。我不能回头再重新来过了。(25) There is, of course, another side to the question of how to make the best use of one’s time at university.（25）当然，关于一个人如何最充分地利用上大学的时间，还有另外一个方面。(26) This is the case of the student who excels in a particular branch of learning.（26）某一学科中出类拔萃的学生就属于这种情况。(27) He is immediately accepted by the University of his choice, and spends his three or four years becoming a specialist, emerging with a first-class Honour Degree and very little knowledge of what the rest of the world is all about.（27）他一毕业马上就被一所他自己选中的大学所接受，再花三、四年时间成为一名专家。结果他以优异的成绩取得荣誉学位，但对外界的一切却几乎一无所知。(28) It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.（28）因此，如果要学生好好利用他们上大学的机会，就应该为他们提供大量关于课程方面更为详尽的信息和更多的的建议。这个问题显得越来越重要了。Only in this way can we be sure that we are not to have, on the one hand, a band of specialists ignorant of anything outside of their own subject,只有这样，我们才能确保：一方面，我们不会有一帮对自己学科以外的事情完全无知的专家，and on the other hand, an ever increasing number of graates qualified in subjects for which there is little or no demand in the working world.另一方面，我们不会有越来越多的毕业生具备这个工作世界很少或没有需求的学科的知识。

#考研#图片来源：网络考研英语翻译练习13：The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to the UK's providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader ecation business sectors.句子结构分析-大卫格拉多尔所发现的这些变化，都给教授他国人士英语的英国机构，以及广大教育行业带来了一些明确而巨大的挑战。在翻译的时候，要注意：1.identified by David Graddol 修饰前面的changes，翻译时放在changes 前面。图片来源：网络单词、短语：identify —— 鉴定；确认；发现；找到*define —— 界定；明确；阐明；下定义present —— 出现；提出；显示；提交major —— 严重；主要的；重要的；大的broad —— 广大；宽阔的；普遍的[原创作品，欢迎关注、分享、点赞、评论，请勿转载]