口腔考研试题

本人普通一本院校口腔医学专业，今年考入了天津医科大学口腔专硕，初试总成绩374分，（其中思想政治理论70分、英语二78分、专业课226分），总分及专业课成绩均排名第一（目前在新祥旭考研当辅导老师）。下面和大家分享一下我的复习经验，希望能帮到大家！一、院校选择原因1.天津医科大学是医科大学里唯一一所211院校。2.天津医科大学夏令营优秀营员优惠政策：一志愿报考天津医科大学且初试成绩过院校复试分数线，可免复试录取。（为了复试保险可以选择天津医大。但是有得必有失：①对于成绩较好的同学来说，为了这个诱人的免复试，放弃名校，还是有点可惜的！②初试取得高分/获得夏令营优秀营员证明你的实力是可以的，复试一般不会被刷。当然这点是我在初试成绩公布后才感慨的，如果我的成绩刚好擦线，我估计就不会这么想了！我对天津医还是很中意的！③夏令营就确定了导师和专业方向，不和其他人在复试选导师环节存在竞争关系。但是夏令营的导师和专业方向是有限的，不一定有自己喜欢的专业方向。）3.天津医科大学夏令营门槛：硬性要求是CET6>500分。（符合）4.天津医科大学口腔专业课全部都是主观题，相比较客观题，我更适合做主观题。二、天津医科大学考研招生概况（少！因为天津医有自己的本硕生，而且如果有推免生也会占掉统招名额。）口腔医学专硕：12（不区分研究方向）口腔医学学硕：15牙体牙髓病学方向 6牙周病学方向 3（1名推免生）口腔颌面外科方向 2修复方向 3（1名单独考试）正畸 1三、专业课复习攻略1.天津医科大学初试专业课及分数占比：口腔修复学25%、口腔颌面外科学25%、口腔组织病理学25%、口腔内科学25%（牙体牙髓12%、黏膜8%、牙周5%）。2.题型及题量：名词解释：5分/题，共16题80分简答题：15分/题，共8题120分问答题：25分/题，共4题100分3.复习方法：①首先根据天津医科大学的考研大纲（考研大纲数年来无变动，可以在官网找到）看课本，把大纲要求掌握、熟悉、了解的内容在书上标记出来。②然后把历年来天津医科大学的考研真题在课本相应位置找到并且把题目抄上去，标记上考过的年份，便于以后看书的时候重点记忆。真题超级重要！真题重复率还是很高的！真题能够帮助你选择复习侧重点、猜题、了解该学校的出题规律等。③由于名词解释分值占比比较高，而且名词解释是三种题型里面最容易得分的，所以名词解释的分数一定要至少拿到70分，争取全部拿到。名词解释一个5分，所以不能够只答一两行，一定要答全。在看书的时候会发现不同的课本上关于同一个名词的解释可能会有出入，这就需要你自己把名词解释总结下来（名词的英文也要标记出来），所有我觉得可能会考的我都总结了，并且对于历年来考过的名词解释我都标记了年份。而且随着看书的逐渐深入、看书的遍数增加，可能会对名词解释做进一步的改进。P.S.自己总结名词解释印象很深刻！（图片在下面）④简答题和问答题重点记忆历年考过的真题，我觉得答案不用整理出来，因为工作量太大了（因为我专业课复习晚）而且好多题在课本上可以直接找到答案，很多甚至是书上的表格、原话。对于不能够在书本上找到直接答案，可能和好几个学科都有联系的题（很少），需要认真总结出来。但是只背诵真题肯定是不够的，要把大纲要求掌握和熟悉的全部背会。但是要有侧重点，有些章节虽然要求掌握，但是从来没考过，甚至平时自己学校期末考试都不考，就放心的略过吧。⑤我是从七月底开始进行专业课复习的，做完名词解释总结、大纲及真题标记已经差不多九月底了（我是边看书边总结的），也就是九月底我才看完了第一轮专业课。第一轮之后直到考试，我复习专业课就是每天背背背背背..因为全都是主观题。虽然背了之后还是会忘，但是之后就会越背越快，背的多了也就记住了。截止考试，每本书背了4—5遍。在距离考试一个月时，再着重背诵一下名词解释题，加深巩固，争取拿下名词解释题的80分。⑥考试答题攻略：把握答题速度，但是答题也要全面，要不然也得不到高分。所以就平时就掐着时间模拟一下，尽可能提高自己的写字速度吧。我在考试的时候没能写完试卷，我从考试开始到考试结束一直没有停笔（中间揉了几次眼睛，这不算），但是还是1个问答题和1个简答题没写（实在是没时间了），1个问答题没写完（这个题也不怎么会，虽然很简单，但是的确没有复习到，是课本原话T_T）。时间对我而言真的很紧张，但是最后考了226分，这应该是该拿到的分拿到了（我答题写的比较详细，虽然没写完，但是A4纸好像也用了9页吧？）所以，一定要答题详细，会的题一定要把分数拿到！四、英语复习攻略①单词：前期我主要是在背单词，跟着朱伟老师把单词过了一遍。有人选红宝书，我选的书是《题源报刊7000词》，朱伟老师讲课很有趣，我很喜欢。无论选择什么单词书，只要把单词记住就行。从二月份到四月份，我才听完了单词视频课。在这个时期我们学校还有四门专业课，所以这个时期除了学习专业课，剩下的时间我都用来背单词了。并且以后直到考试，我每天都有背单词。（我用记号笔把我记得不牢的单词画出来，一次又一次更换记号笔颜色，这样单词越背就会越少）。也可以选择一个APP，根据自己的情况每天背一定的单词量，只有每天都背单词，阅读速度才会提上去！对于做真题遇见的不认识的单词，要重点背诵！②真题（可以在考研文库上搜到真题）：我正儿八经开始做真题也是七月底，每天做两道真题（完形、阅读、翻译里面任两道），从1998年开始做的（讲真，我觉得从2000年开始做就可以了，之前的参考意义不大），做完之后对着答案的翻译把文章再顺一遍，直到自己弄懂。我看了韦林章晋林老师的阅读视频课，讲的很好，我个人认为比唐迟讲的更有趣（别喷我啊）。翻译推荐田静的课。对着答案弄懂，并没有结束，我会在第二天不看答案，自己一句一句的把文章再翻译一遍（没有写下来，我喜欢读一句，然后自己絮絮叨叨的翻译一句），把不认识的单词再背背，这样很快阅读就会越做越快，正确率也会越来越高了！做题时候注意时间，前期慢没事，后期会变快的。真题我刷了两遍，最后一个月掐着时间点按照考试那样模拟着做近3年的真题（一整套卷子做完，包括作文）。③作文：我是从十月份开始买了王江涛的作文书，按照王江涛说的开始背大作文和小作文，各十篇，对于作文书上比较好的题材下面的文章、我认为比较好的模板我都背了。我觉得不用听王江涛的作文课，他讲的太絮叨、太乏味了！推荐何凯文的作文课，很有意思，很逗比，很有套路，推荐暑假开始听，要不然后面时间太赶了！听何老师的作文课，背王江涛的作文书，总结自己的模板。作文一定要自己写，自己写10篇左右，写作文时也要掐着时间点，作文几乎就没有问题了，写的多背得多就没问题了！可以和同学互相批改作文，进步很快 ！五、政治复习攻略：政治我是从八月份开始听徐涛老师的政治课，强烈推荐徐涛老师，讲的很透彻很有趣，简直不要太喜欢！边听课边背诵书上的重点，只做了肖秀荣的一千题（我政治复习比较佛系，我好多同学还做了徐涛的题、肖秀荣的其它题）。后期就是疯狂背肖四肖八..我考试前没有模拟，考试时候没有把握好答题速度，有两小问没有写，空着了！大家一定要注意答题速度！总结我失败的教训：推荐大家跟着徐涛的政治课和徐涛的题走完全程，因为跟着一个人你就不用操心什么时候需要干什么，跟着他的规划就把政治复习好了。如果不放心，后期除了徐涛的押题，把肖四肖八的押题都背了（如果你时间充足，不过这些题有重复）。六、最后寄语：我的考研经验，希望对大家来说能有点可取之处！别人说的再多，都是适合别人的方法，大家还是需要找到适合自己的学习方法。不要盲目的去套用别人的方法，要有自己的复习规划，最好是具体到每个月、每个周、每一天我要完成什么任务。不要盲目的去和别人比较，要对自己有一个清醒的认识，合理的分配自己的时间。报考的学校不同，考试科目、知识的掌握程度要求也不同，要相信自己！学累了、不想学了，就好好的给自己放松一下吧，不要硬扛，要学会劳逸结合（我每周末都会和朋友约着去吃顿大餐，犒劳努力学习一周的自己，这成为了我每周学习的动力之一）！最后祝愿每一位努力拼搏的你，都能顺利上岸，有一个明媚的未来！　（本文来源新祥旭考研原创文章，未经允许，不可转载！）

首先，我们公布【金英杰答题闯关第一期：金英杰邀你答题闯关！这个考研题，口腔医师考试也考，来试试！】的答案此片为哪种拍摄方法1# 5# 10# 13# 是什么结构呢？答案来了↓↓↓↓答题闯关第二期开始↓↓↓此片为何种投射方法？标记3虚线是哪两处位置的连线？标记5为何处解剖结构呢？答案我们下期发欢迎分享给身边朋友！邀请口腔医生们一起讨论【温馨提示】金英杰口腔医学研究生考试培训即将开展各位考研的同学敬请期待！

大家好随着考研复试的脚步逐渐来临，考研复试英语口试大家现在也要逐渐练起来，小编今天给大家整理了去年一些同学复试英语口语所问到的一些问题，欢迎历年的学长学姐们将你们的考研口语复试的评论分享给广大的考研学子。2019年 厦门大学公共管理专业why do you choose the MPAcc?what subjects are you most interested in?how do you coordinate your work and study?2019年南开大学法律硕士专业what are you hobbies?please say something about yourself?what do you think about the Law?2019南开大学电子专硕say something about your hometown?Is there any special dish in your hometown?Why do you want to attend graate school?say someting about your future plan?欢迎学长学姐们将你们的考研口语复试的问题，评论分享给广大的考研学子。最后祝大家一战成硕！加油！

上个周末，一年一度的考研终于结束，这是290万考研学子辛苦准备了很长时间的一场检验。在考试前，今年就被广大网友称为今年是史上考研最难的一年，报考总人数已经超过历年，考研压力可想而知。随着现在就业压力的增大，越来越多的人在本科毕业后选择了读研这条路，据不完全统计，目前很多学校的读研率高达50%以上。除了保送之外，大部分学生不得不通过考研这条路。所以事关290万人的考研公平就非常受到大家的期待和关注。而今年，注定是考研史上最不凡的一年，网友称之为“史上考研最乱的一年”。正常来说，考研跟高考一样，由于涉及面广，所以考试相对还是比较公平公正，这种级别的考试不是普通的期末考试，需要经过层层把关和审核，一般很难出现各种低级错误。然而今年却不一样。相信很多人都知道，根据最新的山东省教育厅公告，山东师范大学、青岛理工大学等2所大学，由于在考研时出现试题错将，将答案直接发给了考生，出现了这种低级错误，而且造成了大面积考生的考试受影响，这属于严重的责任事故。虽然目前，山东省教育厅已经对相关责任人进行了停职处理，下一步的调查还有进行当中。真是让人大跌眼镜，考研这么重要的考试，能够将试题装错，这恐怕是史上第一次闹这么大笑话。可见相关学校在对待考试这件事情上的态度是很有问题。无独有偶，除了山东的2所大学出现这种低级错误，网络上还曝光出电子科技大学这所985高校的考研试题《固体物理》试题出现偏差，将统一组织补考。考研试题出现错误，这将会严重影响考生的情绪，就算是重新补考，多多少少也会受到影响，这种损失谁来弥补？除了上述3所大学将试题弄错，网络上又曝出一则消息，西南大学疑似考研试题泄露。相信，我们每年都能听到这种新闻，不管是高考还是考研，总有不法分子喜欢铤而走险，将本来一场公平的考试硬生生在利益面前被打破。目前，西南大学针对这起事件，正在调查，不管真实与否，调查结果将及时向社会公布。2019年的考研，是将近300万学子实现梦想的一场考试，希望有关部门高度重视，还这场考试一个公平，还考试一个蓝天。对于2019年考研，你们有什么想说的？欢迎交流

一、个人情况介绍我今年上岸南开口腔专硕，思想政治理论71分、英语一82分、专业课216分。二、初试复习经验1.复习规划：1）九月份之前英语跟专业课2）九月—10月，上午跟晚上专业课，中午吃过饭—下午吃饭前复习英语和政治3）十一月—考试，上午英语、下午政治、晚上背专业课2.思想政治理论参考资料：核心考岸、1000题、徐涛小黄书、肖四肖八时间：九月份开始第一阶段：听徐涛网课，做1000题。建议第一遍听网课的时候可以听一章网课做一章1000题。这样印象会比较深刻，缺点就是进度比较慢。第二阶段：看徐涛小黄书（这本书是对核心考岸重要知识点的总结），并且二刷1000题。第三阶段：做肖八、肖四。肖八肖四的选择题每道都要会做，肖八的论述题有时间可以多读几遍（里面会有一些时政内容），肖四的论述题每道都要会背，尤其是前面两套。建议：1）政治论述题不需要准备太早，背肖四就可以了。2020年肖四没有押到太多原题，但是做题的时候不用慌，想想自己背的有啥，沾点边就可以往上写。总结一下就是，不要纠结于考的是啥，想想自己背的有啥。2）我感觉2020年选择题出了很多时政方面的，这方面我没有准备好，所以我的选择题分数不太高（估计不超过35分）。建议时间充足的话，可以多做几套模拟卷，关注一下时政方面的题。3）1000题没有讲解，需要自己看解析，可以选择徐涛优题库，有网课讲解。3. 英语一参考资料：恋恋有词题源报刊版、黄皮书、王江涛考研高分写作1）单词，我是听着网课把单词先过了一遍，听完一个单元背一下，全部听完之后再背一遍。这一步我在六月份才完成。2）真题：我的真题真正开始认真做是9月份，而且只做了2005以后的题（这个点开始确实晚了，建议前期背单词的时候就可以开始做真题）。阅读：我做了三遍。第一遍抽几套真题就一句一句的读，记不会的单词，分析句子结构，试着自己口头翻译，争取把每个句子都搞懂。同时自己对着解析分析错误原因，有些题确实整不明白再听唐迟的解析。这样做了几个年份真题之后开始计时做，看自己的正确率，同时重复以上步骤。第二遍计时做，这个时候我又买了一套历年真题卷子，这一次着重分析这两遍的错题。听网课，看解析都可以。第三遍记阅读里面不认识的单词以及翻译句子，这一遍做题不是太重要，因为答案都记得差不多了。新题型：做第二遍阅读的时候我加上了新题型，建议新题型可以听听网课，掌握做题技巧。我一开始没听网课的做题技巧确实走了不少弯路。翻译：把每年考的那五道翻译句子搞明白就成。完型填空：我没花太多时间，我感觉把真题中的单词、词组记住就行。（由于时间问题，翻译和完型真题我没有做完一遍，但是阅读我放的时间比较多，加上翻译和完型最近几年比较简单，所以这两部分并没有太大问题。）作文：我从九月份开始背作文，每天中午吃过饭背半个小时（这个开始太早了，十月份开始也不晚）。十篇大作文、十篇小作文，会背会默写。网课听的王江涛的。最后一步是自己总结模板（我12月总结的模板，就是从自己背的十篇大作文中摘几段万能句子，小作文我没有总结）。当时还买了字帖和答题纸练字，字体好会很加分。3）考试：考试的时候不要慌，做完认真检查，真题有些选项会有坑，所以一定不能大意。我最后20分钟改对了三道还是四道新题型。建议：1）前期背单词的时候就可以做几道真题，不需要等所有单词背完了再做题。2）单词不能断，要一直背，九月份之后我用的是百词斩、墨墨背单词以及黄皮书里面赠送的单词书。3）网课不需要听太多，我感觉有用的是王江涛的作文课、宋逸轩新题型课、唐迟的阅读。如果基础不好的话可以听听语法课。由于时间问题，这几个网课我也只听了自己整不明白的部分。4）重点还是阅读跟新题型，感觉阅读整明白，翻译跟完型就没有太大问题。5）留最近几年的真题，后期计时、自己测试。4.专业课南开考试科目：口解、口病、口外、修复、口内、正畸、儿牙、预防题型：名词解释题、填空题、单选题、简答题、论述题参考资料：教科书、历年真题、网购的各科知识点总结，也可以去“考研文库”找一找相关资料和真题。时间安排：1）从三月份开始，由于自己比较懒散再加上实习，九月份之前我只看了一遍正畸、儿牙、牙体、牙周和预防。九月份之后先看的口外和修复，由于时间问题，口病按着大纲看了看。口解、黏膜按着上课讲的看了一下。第一遍结束差不多就十月中旬了。2）之后开始看真题，发现口解、黏膜、预防、儿牙出的题并不多，所以我就没放太多时间，这几本书一天一共看一个小时（我只看老师上课讲的，考试不会的多，但2020年没出太多题），一直坚持到考试。重点复习其它课，并且开始背真题。口病我仍然按大纲复习，修复只看了牙体缺损，可摘、固定、全口这四章，正畸、口外、牙体、牙周基本是一页一页看。第二遍看完这几本书快12月了。3）从这之后，重点放在真题上，历年真题，尽量每道都要会，同时看书，直到考试。建议：1）专业课尽量早点开始，先复习口外、修复等这些比较难复习但是每个学校都要考的科目。2）时间充足的话不要抱有一点侥幸心理，专业课一定要认真复习。当然时间紧张的话也可以研究一下真题，把重点放在出题比较多的科目。或者报班跟着老师学，像新祥旭考研就是直系学长学姐上课，比较有针对性，时间也灵活，可以合理安排好自己的复习规划。3）复习重点还是要放在书本跟真题上，真题多多少少会有重复的。4）某一章实在抓不到到重点时，可以听听网课抓一下重点。但是不建议放太多时间听网课，还是要自己背。5）不需要跟别人比进度，因为考的学校不一样，复习重点肯定不一样，当遇到某一个问题别人会自己不会的时候也不要焦虑，也不要因此影响自己的复习计划。6）找到适合自己的复习方法，有些人喜欢总结，有些人不喜欢。我中间也尝试过做笔记，发现对自己没效果而且浪费时间，所以一直拿着书背。7）南开题量大，考试时不要太纠结自己不会的问题，从拿到卷子开始就要加速写，而且尽量多写一点。5.复试准备经验今年网络复试大概20分钟，内容是两三分钟英文自我介绍，然后两个英语问题，最后是专业课提问（大部分问题是关于自己报的方向）。以往会有笔试部分，主要是专业英语及文献翻译。6.心态问题1）复习过程中不要跟别人比进度，按着自己的计划认真复习；2）选定了自己的学校之后就认真复习，不要太纠结要不要换学校这个问题；3）不要太绷着自己，压力太大就放松一下，即使崩溃了也要尽快调整自己；4）记不住很正常，不要慌，最后都会记住的。（本文来源新祥旭考研原创文章，未经允许，不可转载！）

考试是一件非常严肃、紧张、正经的事情，但是毕竟人都会犯错，有时候考官或监考老师也会出现错误，刚刚过去的考研就出现把答案当试卷发的情况，下面一起来看看考场上还出现哪些失误呢？惊呆1. 山东高校试题错装，答案当试卷发刚刚过去的考研发生了“不可思议”的错误，山东师范大学自命题科目《外语教学理论基础》考试把答案当试卷发了。后来发现是印刷封装错误，相关人员表示抱歉，然后学生要补考。网友表示“电视剧都不敢这么演”，也有网友表示同情，“太扎心了，心态崩了”。答案当试题答案当试题答案当试题2. 四六级放错4遍听力前不久，郑州某高校四六级考试上放错了听力，放的听力竟然是去年的，而且放错了4遍，让考试时间延长了13分钟，实在是影响了很多考生的心态。那些听出来错了的考生真的是厉害了，但也有网友说，听力如听天书，其实我的内心毫无波澜。还有网友说“放了一半才告诉我放错了，啥？那我前面那么有信心选的是什么鬼”。这就非常尴尬了，很扎“学渣”的心啊！放错听力3. 高考考场钟停了约20分钟高考是举国瞩目的考试，不管是考生、家长还是老师都非常看重，但是在这么重要的场合上也出现过失误--考场钟停了约20分钟（有说17分钟）。这事可大可小，很多学生都是看着时间做题的，以为时间充裕，突然就要交卷，心里不慌是假的。后续该不该延长时间也是个问题，对于考场内的学生来说，钟停走不是他们的错，理应延时，而对于考场外的学生来说，大家时间其实是一样的，延长时间不够公平。时钟停走最近流行一句话，“你只管努力，其他的交给天意”，虽然有道理，但是也要有应对突发情况的心理素质，在出现这些情况时，尽量先让自己平静下来，保持好心态，然后看监考老师的安排，一般学校是会负责的。每一场考试对努力准备的考生来说都是至关重要的，所以考场相关人员应该要做全面的检查和准备，对考生负责，出现问题也应及时补救，让考生尽量得到公平的对待。对于考场出现的失误，你有什么看法呢？你自己有没有遇到这些情况呢？惊呆了（图片来源网络，如有侵权，请联系作者删除！）

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

现在对于参加考研的学生来说，最关注的就是今年的考研究竟难不难呢？因此你便会看到很多学生自从考场回到学校讨论的问题都是以今年的考研难度为主线，有的学生表示今年的考研试题是真的难，但也有一部分考生表示今年的试题还是相对来说比较容易一些，那么到底是难还是不难呢？或许我们那些二战考研的学生更加有发言权吧！据了解很多二战考研的学生表示，今年的考研试题相对于去年的考研试题来说还是要容易很多的。我想凡是关注考研的学生来说，都清楚18考研的试题难度，拿数学来说，18考研的数学试题所考察的知识点都有超纲的知识点，这难倒了诸多的考生，所以18考研数学考试结束后，是真的有很多学生便放弃了后续的考试了，选择放弃了，因为数学这一单科成绩已经是没戏了。更为重要的是在2月公布的研究生招生考试的最低分数线中，数学的最低分数线下降了非常的多，所以这足以说明18考研数学试题非常的难。但对于今年的数学试题来说，二战考研的学生表示难度不是没有但是相对于去年的考研数学已经是简单了很多了，所以他们认为今年的数学相对容易一些。此外，今年的英语试题上，虽然有几个单词考研学生表示不认识，阅读理解不会做，新题型不会做等诸多情况，但是从目前的情况来看今年的英语试题相对于去年的英语试题还是有一定的下降。二战考研的学生也表示，今年的英语试题有难度，但是绝对没有18考研的难，因为去年他们在做英语的时候不管是作文还是阅读，或者还是新题型都是非常的难，最后在所公布的英语单科国家线上也明显的体现了出来，18英语单科线相对于17年英语单科线整整下降了两分。所以，从那些二战考研的学生得出的结论是相对于去年的考研来说，今年的考研还是比较容易的，但是依然非常的有一定的难度。或许这些二战考研的学生，对于今年的考研试题会更加的有清晰的认识，毕竟参加了去年的硕士研究生招生考试，有了一定的对比，因此大致可以确定今年 的考研试题相对于去年的考研试题还是比较简单一些的。

交白卷和看到答案的考生2019年研究生考试各种奇葩新闻2019年的硕士研究生考试已经结束，然而在网络中曝光的各种奇葩新闻却有点让人拉眼睛，辛苦一年努力复习的考生们在普通高校山东师大遇到了带答案的试卷，而985高校的电子科技大学居然把专业课的试卷发错，面对发错的试卷，考生们只能枯坐3小时，最后无奈交白卷，从中国的普通高校到985高校，都已经把说硕士研究生考试不当回事，用中国的依据俗语，当你对别人不当回事的时候，别人也会对你不当回事，当高校自己都对研究生考试不当回事的时候，那么如何要求高校的导师们对研究生培育当回事？中国高等教育堪忧中国的高等教育堪忧最近几年，中国的全国研究生统考频繁出现泄题事件，那么对于高校的专业考试来说，那么更是一种敷衍差事，山西师范大学的老师们甚至懒得去重新出题，直接把去年的试卷拿来直接对考生进行考核，当被网络曝光时，校方才无奈地通知考生在12月26日重新考试，高校的教授们遇到不断扩招的生源，以及高校的各种变态考核制度，在年底疲于应付各项考核的老师们只能通过敷衍试卷来变相地抗议，不在高校的人们，不会感受到高校的各种考核评价体系的变态，从财务审核报销到繁忙的各种会晤，加上年底的科研考核申报，中国高校的教授们都疲于应对，严进宽出的硕士研究生已经成为常态，自从研究生自费开始，高校都通过各种手段想要提高研究生的招收数量，清华和北大等很多高校研究生数量早已超越了本科生数量，清华北大金本科、银硕士、铜博士并不是没有道理，中国的高等教育质量堪忧！高校研究生和导师们的相互吐槽高校研究生和导师们的相互吐槽最近针对研究生考试，小编写了大量文章，通过高校和社会的一些现象来探讨目前中国研究生学位的含金量，针对网红考研教师张雪峰的言论写过《中国高等教育的悲哀：把考研辅导班竟然办成了一项产业！》的文章，也根据中国就业市场报告写过《高校辅导员也要求博士毕业！难道中国高学历就业市场已经饱和？》的文章，更多的是针对目前中国高等教育体系内研究生和导师们的相互吐槽，中国应试教育培养的研究生们认为自己被导师当成佣人，处处为难自己，以至于中国的研究生都称自己的导师为老板，而中国的高校的教授们却吐槽中国的研究生生源质量太差，需要导师当保姆式的帮助，本来可以自己查文献的事情，也需要导师去帮着找资料，实验需要导师催促着去做，甚至连毕业论文都需要导师帮着去写。很多人在小编文章下留言说小编观点的错误，其实这是由于中国高校研究生教育质量差异造成的，很多不具备研究生导师资格的导师靠着压迫学生去完成工作，而很多名校的导师们都具备有海外留学宽进严出的经历，他们对比自己在海外全靠自己的主动时学习，国内的研究生们面对严进宽出，他们对待科研实验失去热情，只想获得一纸名校的毕业证，这也是为何江苏一名高校教授痛心疾首地说：“自己花费20多万培养的研究生却去苏宁当了销售！”因此，当你觉得某些观点不正确的时候，也许你观察事物站的角度可能不同，当你换一个角度，重新审视某一事物时，你就会发现自己曾今的错误观点，欢迎大家留言吐槽！