考研英语一题型及

今天来给大家说说考研英语的新题型部分，这个题会做的人觉得超简单，不会做的人觉得超崩溃，就是这么极端。新题型主要考查什么？（1）英语一大纲：阅读理解B节（新题型）主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。本节有3种备选题型。每次从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查：A.在一篇总长度为500~600的文章中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字。要求考生根据文章内容从这6~7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。（七选五）B.在一篇长度约500~600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落（7~8个）重新排序，其中有2~3个段落在文章中的位置已给出。（排序题）C.在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6~7段文字或6~7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或举例。要求考生根据文章内容，从这6~7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。（小标题）（2）英语二大纲：本节有两种备选题型。每次考试从这两种题型中选择其中的一种形式，或者两种形式的组合进行考查。备选题型包括：①多项对应：本节为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容和左侧一栏中提供的信息从右侧一栏中的7个选项中选出对应的5项相关信息。②小标题对应：在一篇长度为450~550词的文章前有7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括或阐述。要求考生根据文章内容和篇章结构从这起个选项中选出最恰当的5个概括句或小标题填入文章空白处。（同英语一小标题）（3）大纲解读：英语一新题型看似有三个题型，但本质上没有什么大的不同，都是命题人先找到一篇完整有序的文章，然后要么挖几个空（让你补充完整），要么把顺序打乱（让你还原），要么去掉它的小标题（让你补充完整）。就像玩魔方一样，先把原本按照一定规律排列组合的内容打乱，然后让你把它还原。归根结底，无论哪个题型，解题关键都是“理清上下文之间的关系”。英语二多项对应题和传统阅读比较接近，小标题对应和英语一新题型类似。新题型的解题关键是什么？（1）寻找语段特征词。语段特征词就是能够体现连贯性和一致性的词语（常见的语段特征关系有：转折、让步、对比、并列、递进、举例、原因、结果、目的、条件、总结，对此《考研真相》2008年P31-P32页有语段特征词总结）。对于七选五和排序题而言，通过语段特征词，我们可迅速判断上下文之间有什么联系，进而实现快速解题。（《考研真相》语段特征词表格）（2）归纳段落主旨。小标题主要考查段落主旨，故我们可通过语段特征词快速判断段落结构，找到该段的论述中心，归纳主旨，进而得出正确答案。特别说明：常见的考研英语文章的段落结构或语段特征——A.总分结构；B.分总结构；C.总分总结构；D.因果结构；E.转折结构；F.让步结构。其中，实例作为论据必然是为论点服务的，文章的重心应该是论点，所以举例关系实际上也是一种总分关系。怎么提高新题型的答对率？（1）分析语段特征词，快速解题。总共有两个角度：①看原文，寻找分析空格前后语段特征词；②看选项，寻找分析选项中语段特征词。找到语段特征词之后，判断其是否适合快速解题，如果适合，则根据语段特征词表示的上下文关系快速找到答案。（2）理清空格前后逻辑，回文精解。对于剩下的试题，分析原文空格前后信息和逻辑，判断空格所填内容，浏览备选项，进行匹配验证。特别说明：因为已经通过“快速解题”确定了其中几个试题的答案，剩下试题可供选择的选项范围也变小了（相当于第一步已经帮第二步排除了几个干扰项），加上回文精解需要阅读的内容也大幅减少了，所以解题的难度就降低了，答对率也会有所提升。需要说明的是，这个方法和我们之前的做题习惯不太一样，可能不是很好适应。但真正熟练之后，就可以跳过很多无关信息，做题速度和答对率能够得到很大提升。（《考研真相》“七选五”和“排序题”（《考研真相》“小标题”解题方法）（《考研真相》新题型解题示例）先看方法，然后再做题中多运用，熟练之后，正确率就上来啦~用到的书就是图上说的《考研真相》，这本真题书很详细，每个句子都有图解分析，解题方法也很系统，很实用，希望可以帮到大家

从2005考研英语改革开始，考研英语新题型其实我们已经不陌生了。考研英语新题型是什么？其实总结一下就是阅读的段落大意题，不管是7选5（选句填空）、排序题还是段落标题选择题，考察的内容都是从一个方向出发的，就是考察你的逻辑思维、文章结构的理解以及对段落的总结。我们就从做新题型的步骤、技巧来看看考研英语新题型是什么？该怎么做？做题步骤：一.7选5（选句填空）题①读文章首段，为了先了解文章的大意，是讲什么内容的。②读选项，可以把选项都翻译成中文，备注在旁边。这样做题的时候，看中文反应就会快点~③根据各个空白处的所在位置，看空白处的上下文，要根据上下文的逻辑思路、语义来选择最适合的答案。④将所选选项带回原文，通读一遍。二.排序题①读文章首段，了解文章的主旨。②浏览各个选项，重点阅读各段首末句，概括出选项的大意，从而明确整个文章大致内容。③根据各个段落的逻辑关系给选项排序。④把所选的顺序通读一遍，看看全文的逻辑性是否一致。三.小标题选择题①先通读各个选项，从选项中推断出相关段落的大致内容。②细读段落，抓住每个主题句、词，正确答案常常是主题句的改写。③将从段落中提炼的主题句和选项对比，选出答案。做题技巧1.注意文章或选项中的代词在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意文中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的内容，我们要做的就是从选项中找出含有相应内容的句段。2.注意语段特征关系（《考研真相》书中总结的语段特征关系，大家可以参考下）考研英语新题型是什么？难不难？我想只要认真做题、掌握思路和技巧。新题型会是为你的英语添分的大项！考研英语新题型是什么？以上我的一些经验，希望能帮助到复习准备考研英语的学弟学妹们~最后给大家分享一份我的必备考研英语书单，需要资料的小伙伴可以参考下~基础薄弱专用——太阳城考研英语3件套单词书：《非常词汇》用600句子记单词，加深印象更好理解。真题书：《考研真相》（英二考研圣经）基础薄弱专用、一词一句精解。《写作160篇》（英二写作宝中宝）常用作文的各个部分都总结的很全，还有思路及语言突破法则可以学习。张国静团队的网课：今年挺多人推荐的，你可以关注下微信公众号闪过英语，里面有试听~基础好、考名校必用——尖刀侠3件套单词书：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按照重要程度划分必考词+基础词+偶考词+超纲词，根据自己的情况，背诵单词。真题书：尖刀侠《考研英语真题倍速快解》一个题型对应一种模板，步骤固定，可以直接套用，帮你节省做题时间，提高解题的正确率。作文书：尖刀侠《考研英语高分作文36法则》用36个高分作文句式突破的方法，突破高分作文。张国静团队网课，推荐量挺高的，用的人挺多的。

考研英语怎么复习，下面给你分享一些我之前复习考研英语的经验。一、考研英语怎么复习：先规划学习时间。1-4月份，熟悉考研英语的各个题型，精读方法，培养逻辑意识。5-8月份，研究真题，学习技巧，题型训练。9-12月份，模拟考试，固化习惯，查缺补漏。（需要补充内容，可以稍微具体一点）二、考研英语怎么复习：再分析考研英语一的题型，明确复习重点。考研英语一题型及分值分布：1、完型填空(10分) 较难，有技巧。复习时放在强化后期开始复习2、阅读理解A(40分) 较难，很重要，必须尽早开始复习3、阅读理解B(10分) 较难，有技巧。复习时放在强化后期开始复习4、翻译(10分) 最难，有技巧。不需要重点复习。5、小作文(10分)需要重点复习6、大作文(20分) 需要重点复习最后，从题型上来看，阅读理解部分和英语作文这两部分是得分的重点。三、考研英语怎么复习：制定明确的复习计划和策略。不论是阅读理解还是英语作文，都要有一定的单词积累。对于2021年考研的学弟学妹而言，建议制定单词背诵计划，每天背诵一页，两天内再重新进行复习，将这个习惯坚持到考试之前 。你要是不想在单词上浪费大多时间的话，建议你用闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》，书里面是按重要程度划分的，有频考词、偶考词、基础词和超纲词，按重点记，记忆的效率就会比较高。我当时是每天早上8点准时起床，在学校公园的走廊背诵2个小时，基本上能背70个单词。针对阅读理解部分，别的不多说，只有一个字：练！多练真题！练完做精读分析，包括文章的结构、大致意思以及真题文章里面的生词难句，这些一定要分析清楚，最好是选择解析详细的真题书，方便理解，英一的话，可以用《考研真相》，我之前用过，里面的真题文章是每个句子都有图示分析的，把句子的语法讲得透透的，不怕你看不懂，扫清阅读障碍，排除干扰项，提高答对率。我们的目的不是看懂，而是拿分。因此，要学会先易后难，不要过多纠结难题，先从自己能拿到的题型下手，找到一套适合自己的做题技巧 。接下来，就给大家分享下我自己总结的英语阅读八步法：第1步，读题干找出关键词，初步形成文章线索。第2步：猜、关键词加段落中心，猜文章的背景和中心。第3步：读文章段落，疏通词汇。第4步：用逻辑分析行文结构:句子之间的关系、段落关系。第5步：概括，用自己语言总结文章。第6步：做题验证理解是否到位。第7步：拓展词汇语法。第8步：背诵词句、词组。考研英语前期，先复习单词和语法、真题，这里就先不提作文了。考研过程中，可能会遇到各种各样的问题，比如心态崩溃啊，背单词没有效率啊，一做题全是错……之类的问题，希望你能坚持到最后，最后想要告诉你：千里之行，始于足下，按照计划踏踏实实走好每一步，考到35-40分，不是问题。

Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.作为世界主要的国际语言，使用英语的人已经连续几十年保持增长态势。(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.尽管说英语的人数还在增加，但是有迹象表明英语在可预见的未来将失去在世界的主导地位。Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breadth of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol.复杂的国际、经济、技术和文化变革将削弱英语在国际市场上的语言主导地位，英国享受的由于广泛使用英语的便利的优势将最终面临新的压力。那些现实的可能性由大卫格拉多尔的研究强调出来。(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.他的研究会终结那些相信英语在全球的地位非常稳固而自满的人的想法，那些人认为年青一代英国人不需要额外的语言能力。David Graddol concludes that monoglotEnglish graates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations.大卫格拉多尔总结单一的英语本科毕业生面临暗淡的经济前景，因为其他国家的会说多语言的年轻人在全球公司和组织中更有资格比英国同龄人更有优势。Alongside that,(48)many countries are introcing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.同时，许多国家把英语纳入小学课程，但是英国的学生却似乎没有获得更多的鼓励去熟练掌握其他语言。If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international ecation markets as the demand for ecational resources in languages, such as Spanish ，Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.p>如果对其放任自流，这样的趋势将消减英语在国际教育市场上的相对实力，因为对西班牙语、阿拉伯语或者汉语的需求在增长，国际业务流程的外包比如日语、法语和德语也在扩张。(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all presentclear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader ecation business sectors.大卫格拉多尔指出这些变化对向其他国家提供英语教学的英国个人和组织机构乃至更大的教育产业领域构成明确的重大的挑战。The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other ecation related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more.英语教育行业的无形出口直接赚取13亿英镑，我们其他教育相关出口每年额外获得高达100亿英镑的收益。As the international ecation market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.由于国际教育市场扩大，最近到几个主要说英语的国家学习的国际学生人数减少的趋势可能会持续下去，尤其是没有有效的战略措施来阻止这种下滑趋势的话。The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:本研究对可能的需求转变的预测具有重大意义。(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.它为旨在促进英语学习和使用的所有组织机构提供了一个基础，该基础用于应对由一种或许会很不一样的运作环境所带来的的各种可能。那是必要且可行的方法。在这件事上，和许多其他事上一样，那些希望影响未来的人必须为此做好准备。

导语：2019年英语一、二考研作文真题和完整版答案，赶快来对答案喽！2019考研英语(一)图画作文是让考生写出坚持的重要性，题目描述的是两个人在爬山，一个人太累想停下来，另外一个人给他递了一瓶水，告诉他要坚持下去。针对本题，文都考研教学研究院提供2019考研英语(一)真题答案大作文参考范文一篇如下：【题目】52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-180 words based on the following picture.In your essay, you should1) describe the picture briefly.2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.【参考范文】The cartoon provides us with a thought-provoking scene: two men are climbing a hill, but one of them desires to give up e to tiredness, while the other one encourages him to keep going.Undoubtedly, the cartoonist aims at reminding us of the significance of persistence. At the top of the list, we should attach importance to perseverance mainly e to that it can enable us to ameliorate ourselves so we can be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges.What’s more, we ought to place a high value on the role played by persistence in personal growth. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, perseverance is to personal growth what water is to fish. To sum up, if persistence misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination.Hence, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from the above cartoon. For one thing, we should frequently use it to enlighten the young. For another, we should cultivate the awareness of teenagers that it is very vital to keep going toward our goals. Only by doing so, can we become winner in the face of difficulties.【参考范文译文】这个漫画给我们呈现了一个发人深思的情景：两人正在爬山，但是其中一个人因为疲劳想要放弃，而另一个人鼓励他继续下去。毫无疑问，图画的作者旨在提醒我们坚持重要性。首先，我们应该重视坚持，主要是因为坚持可以让我们完善自身，这样我们未来才有资格得到职业生涯的进步，才能做好准备迎接以后的挑战。另外，我们也应该重视坚持在个人成长方面的作用。在这个多变的时代，坚持对于个人成长就像水对于鱼一样重要。 换言之，如果我们以任何可能的形式忽视坚持，我们将遭受非常巨大的损失。因此，从以上图画中得出积极的含义非常重要。一方面，我们应该经常用它来启迪年轻人。另外一方面，我们应该培养青少年重视坚持的意识。只有这样，我们才能成为困难面前的赢家。各位考研学子，明天继续加油，祝考出好成绩！考研必胜！

最近，2021考研的小伙伴们开始复习考研了，很多人都在问考研英语一都考什么题型？怎么备考英语......今天就统一回答一下吧。英语一题型有完形（10分）、阅读（40分）、阅读新题型（10分）、翻译（10分）、写作（小作文和大作文）小作文有两种备选题型，每年仅选用一种，小作文（10分）、大作文（20分）。首先，了解一下复习顺序。如何安排各个科目的复习顺序？①公共课根据不同学科的考查特征和学习特点合理安排。英语和数学主要考查综合运用能力，很难在短时间内有很大提升；政治记忆量很大，过早复习容易导致遗忘。所以，比较科学的顺序是：英语数学先下手，巩固基础好提升；考研政治时效强，考前复习不慌张。②专业课根据目标院校的考试要求和自身差距合理安排。如果差距较大，应该提早准备，尤其是跨专业考研（同专业跨校考研，目标院校的考试范围和参考用书和自己大学期间所学一般也会有很大差别，也应尽早准备）；如果差距一般或较小，可以晚点儿准备。关于备考，考研英语复习肯定是得从单词开始，跟着再做真题。毕竟单词没背多少，你去看文章，估计也看不懂个什么。你要基础差，现在马上准备21考研了，寒假没事的时候就背背单词吧。一、背单词：我是2月开始背单词，当时每天背单词的时间安排是这样的：早上1小时：50个+复习前一天。15分钟把前一天没背下的词过一遍，然后用45分钟背当天的。每个词上停留的时间不要超过30秒，认识的直接划掉。中午30分钟：看着汉语回忆英语，再遮住汉语回想词义，想不出来或者不太准确的做上第1个标记。下午30分钟：将做标记的词同样用英汉互译的方式来记忆，记不下来的做上第2个标记。睡前15分钟：将有两个标记的词再复习一次，记不住的标记第3次，第二天早上做复习。你会发现，其实能标记3次的词是非常少的。整个英语复习全程，核心词至少可以背过6轮，甚至更多，这样的单词基础是非常扎实的。或者你可以参考方法一：（1）、早上醒来先背40分钟单词，因为早上脑子清醒，效率高，大概能背30个。（2）、中午吃完饭要消食，站着背单词，背30分钟，能背20个。另外，睡前背单词效果特别好，大脑会在睡梦中帮你整理（反正很复杂很高端，但是有科学依据），醒来稍微复习一下，都会觉得记得特别牢。（3）、晚上7点开始学习，7点到7点半，背20个单词；然后花40分钟复习今天背过的所有单词。8点半之前结束，开始学其他科目。方法二：1、提前划出当天的背诵范围，一般70个就可以，如果有你特别熟的单词，直接跳过，不计入总数。一本单词书里5000多个单词，不可能每个都不会，再不济你还有之前考过四六级的底子在呢。2、75个单词可以分批背，不要压着自己集中背完，别让背单词成为一个想起来就头疼的任务。适当的压力很有必要，但是过度了就是负担。你可以早上背25个，中午背25个，下午背25个。总之，拆解任务很重要。3、每周要抽出一天复习。巩固这周背的单词，也给大脑一个缓冲时间。复习时要分别盖住英语和汉语，检测自己哪些单词没掌握，就复习那些没掌握的。方法三：可以早上记10个，吃午饭前记10个，午休起来的缓冲时间记10个，吃完晚饭之后利用休息时间记10个。晚上就复习白天记的单词。这样一天下来40-50个单词完全是OK的。坚持下去，一个月最少可以记1200个单词，所以不要小看日常的小积累。无论哪种方法，记单词就用《考研词汇闪过》，重点很清晰省时间，还有常考短语讲用法，记了单词还会用。二、分题型复习方法阅读每天至少3篇，我的方法是：1.每段翻译，最好能总结成一句话。这主要就是提炼段落大意，理清文章的大概内容。2.找出段落的中心句，这个要特别注意下！很多时候中心句就是出题的关键。（前期练题找关键词，有可能费的时间会多点，坚持就好了）3.阅读要控制时间，15分钟左右一篇，掐时间做题：养成专心做阅读的好习惯，也不至于考试的时候，因为阅读浪费了太多时间，作文都没空写了。4.前期遇到不懂的句子，千万不要死钻先画出来，不影响大意就跳过。主要是培养你自己翻译文章，看完一篇文章之后再去看解析。5.利用《考研真相》（很适合基础薄弱大幅提分用。每个句子都拆分图解，重点单词有标注，完全没有阅读障碍，其他真题书只挑了个别长句子分析）一定要总结真题里不熟的词汇，专业性太强的词可以忽略，本来词汇量就少，再不总结着背诵就更少了！；6.学习解析里面的做题思路，英语一真题《考研真相》/英二《圣经》里面的解题思路很清晰，除了从题干分析找出正确答案外，还从选项分析，逐一排除干扰项，帮你提高做题正确率。基础差想大幅提分的人得好好看！其他真题书在解题方面是已知正确答案套选项，从答案入手分析，为答案找依据，但是下次遇到其他题还是不会解。新题型：①先普及一下新题型的有关知识。阅读理解B节（新题型）主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。本节有3种备选题型。每次从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查：A.在一篇总长度为500~600的文章中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字。要求考生根据文章内容从这6~7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。（七选五）B.在一篇长度约500~600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落（7~8个）重新排序，其中有2~3个段落在文章中的位置已给出。（排序题）C.在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6~7段文字或6~7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或举例。要求考生根据文章内容，从这6~7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。（小标题）②新题型的解题线索是寻找语段特征词。七选五和排序题主要考查语段连贯性，故语段特征词（能够体现连贯性和一致性的词语）是这两类题型的直接解题线索（通过语段特征词，我们可迅速判断上下文之间有什么联系，进而实现快速解题）；小标题主要考查段落主旨，故我们可通过语段特征词快速判断段落结构，找到该段的论述中心，归纳主旨，进而得出正确答案。③常见的考研英语文章的段落结构或语段特征有：A.总分结构；B.分总结构；C.总分总结构；D.因果结构；E.转折结构；F.让步结构。其中，实例作为论据必然是为论点服务的，文章的重心应该是论点，所以举例关系实际上也是一种总分关系。作文：每天积累热点词汇和句子。每周写1篇大作文，1篇小作文。建议写2篇作文的时间控制在40分钟左右，大作文15-25分钟，小作文10分钟左右。作文不会写，不知从哪入手就用英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》，基础薄弱大幅提分专用，通过词句段篇帮你补基础，让你有内容可写；再通过练习话题来查漏补缺，可以全面提升作文水平。完形：最近几年考题的趋势，完形的难度都在降低。原来有可能会说，没时间就把完形放在最后做，或者全选一个选项。因为完形的答案是ABCD各4个。但我的建议还是跟着真题练习完形，不要把完形空着。觉得难，就直接用套路做题。完型我没有像阅读和新题型那样深入复习，在此为大家总结几个小窍门。①重视近义词和形近词辨析。完型的4个选项中，经常会出现让你“傻傻分不清楚”的选项。一般情况下，绝对同义的两个选项都错；相对同义的两个选项，也就是“约等于”选项，一般是出题点或题眼，两者的细微差别就是考试的考点。另外，需要注意的是，所谓的“反义选项”，理论上应该是二选一，但也可能两者都不选，要以题目为准。②牢记常见的固定搭配。在平日复习时，需加强对高频短语的积累，尤其应关注重点单词的不同搭配。③注意联系上下文。完型也是从一篇完整的文章中抠出来一部分字词，所以要注意文章的行文思路和表示转折、让步、对比、并列、递进、举例、原因、结果、目的、条件、总分的语段特征词。实际上，从完型的全名Use of English就可以看出，它重在考查我们的语言运用能力。只要我们前期基础知识复习得比较扎实，也仔细研读了每1篇阅读文章，扫清了词汇和语法障碍，并一句一句梳理过文章的行文思路，完型得分一定不会很差。虽然我没有在完型上花费太多时间，但估分时也能得一多半的分数，一定要在前端下功夫！上面就是关于考研英语一怎么备考的一些心得体验了，希望对考研的你有帮助。

作者：玖兰，现就读于北大医学部，一位自律又乐观，学习有规划有目标的医学院小姐姐。2019年全国硕士统考英语一，我考了84分。也许大家不那么清楚英语考高分有多么大的作用。举个例子吧。我考研的总分是401，和我一起上岸北大药学院的同学Q，总分370，我们的专业课和政治的成绩几乎一模一样，就因为我的英语成绩比她高出24分，我的初试成绩占有了绝对的优势。所以说，英语绝对是可以让我们大获全胜的一大法宝。那么，考研英语怎么拿到绝佳的分数呢？我们今天来按题型剖析一下。总体上，我把英语一按题型分为三大部分。第一部分，大小作文。第二部分，阅读理解。第三部分，翻译+新题型+完形填空。以上顺序也是我比较看好的解题顺序。下面我们来各个击破。一、大小作文，模板很重要。英语作文需要总结模板。比如小作文，需要准备感谢信、道歉信、推荐信、通知等等；大作文则需要按照主题词来准备英语作文总结模板，比如诚信、坚持、尊重等等。很多英语机构会给出很多模板让我们去背，个人认为这不是最好的方法。最佳方式是买来真题范文，把所有真题考查的作文过一遍，自己总结应用作文类型和大作文关键词，并参考真题答案写下自己的模板。在这个过程中，我们可以筛选出其中最佳的句式，组合出最适合自己，容易背诵的模板。从时间上来说，模板要在考研前两个月准备好，背诵则可以在考研前一个月左右开始。从熟练程度上来说，必须滚瓜烂熟！！考场上的作文一定不是你现场写出来的，而是用模板套出来的。背得越熟练就能越快地想到该pick哪一个模板，并且以最快的速度契合好相应的主题词默写下来。另外有一个小tip，由于我们有大小两个作文，为了避免写错位置和预估字数，可提前在网站买一些答题纸进行练习。作文之所以要放在最前面，因为它是最不需要动脑子快速拿分的题目，而且完成作文后，就不用辛苦记着那么多的模板啦。二、阅读理解，走好三步。阅读理解可是考研英语中的半壁江山。占分比非常高。一定要拿下！！做好以下三步：第一步，拿下词汇。阅读理解要做好，词汇少不了。我们先来聊聊背单词这个事。背考研单词有两种方法，一种是用APP来背，欧路、百词斩都可。注意提前设置随机顺序，不要总是从A开始，不会的单词除了跟随软件进行复习之外，还要点击收藏按照记忆曲线每天复习。另一种是背会考研真题中的所有生词。无论是文章里还是选项中，只要你不认识的都作为考研词汇来背，背到最后你会神奇地发现，做阅读一路顺溜到毫无压力。这种就建议用那种用大数据统计的，按照词频排列的单词书。能省不少功夫。那么，如何解决单词背了就忘记的问题呢。答案是：背句子！对于每一个词汇，都要背下来它最常用词义的那个句子，给词汇一个语境，记忆会更牢固。如果你是按照第二种方法来背单词就更简单了，直接把真题中的句子背下来就可了。另外一个小tip,背单词这种需要日积月累循序渐进的事情一定要趁早开始，我当时从三月份就开始背单词啦。第二步，拿下长难句。单词都会，一遇到长句子就头疼。本着难题要放在第一位解决的原则，长难句，是我们阅读中首先要攻克的。这里特别推荐何KK的长难句精选。句式结构，语法等一网打尽。一定要在前期的时候把长难句这块硬骨头啃下来。第三步，做真题。考研英语，我只做真题。大家可能会觉得真题不够做。考英语一的同学前期可以拿英语二真题来打基础练手。在正式自己动手做之前推荐听何kk的视频课，不用全部听完，相关的规律掌握了，剩下的就靠自己练，摸索总结规律啦。考研的各种视频课不要听太多，会占用大量时间，只挑你自己最需要的部分听。阅读也要放在前面先完成，因为篇数比较多，所占分数比较高。三、翻译+新题型+完形填空这三个题型，每年的难易情况不定。所以，考场上要先花两分钟时间快速判断一下今年的哪一道题目最容易，就是我们最先要做的。翻译这个题型，一般话题都比较生僻，关键要把句式判断好，翻译的大方向不要走错，在做真题的时候总结它的得分点，尽量把该拿的分都拿到。新题型按照不同题型从真题练习中总结经验即可。完形填空推荐一个方法，即情景代入法，对选词填空非常有帮助。OK ，每种题型我们都讲完啦！万事俱备，只差实战啦！加油吧皮卡研们！在文中，学霸师姐提到：要考研，背单词尤为重要。并且强调，不要总是从A开始按照字母顺序去背诵，且要结合自己的遗忘曲线。这一点真的很重要！结合学霸师姐提到的几个注意点，在这里慎重推荐一本考研单词书——《来川考研英语单词词频蓝宝书》。该书的主要特点如下：按照大数据将历年考研试卷全部统计，考试会考的单词本书全收录。按照出现的总频率进行排序。先背考得多的，越背越想背。用“来川词频标记背词法”进行高效背词，背过的单词有痕迹，不做无效重复劳动。全书分：考研大纲单词，超纲单词，写作单词和考研词组，全书单词分类，大大减轻记忆负担。最后敲黑板总结，本数的主要特色是：词频从高到低进行排列！先把最高频的词背会！更多高分好文，欢迎关注后，免费阅读更多：高考149分的英语学霸谭歆仪：学英语，要在最佳时间做最有效的事从211到北大，学霸师姐：考研复试，要联系导师，还要做到这几点一战上岸，北大学姐提醒2021备考学子：考研要高分，需做好这几点

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. 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众所周知，考研英语对于准备考研的小伙伴来说至关重要。而考研英语满分是100分，时间是180分钟。平均下来，就是需要我们在18分钟内完成10分的题目。除去涂卡的时间，大概就是需要15分钟完成10分的题目。在考研英语这几大提醒中，阅读又占据了英语的大概半壁江山，传统阅读就占到40分。所以阅读的得分情况对于我们英语过线或者拿到高分都至关重要，我们应该非常重视阅读这一题型。那在备考过程中我们如何来快速而准确的完成我们的阅读题目，取得理想的分数呢？下面我们就考研英语阅读六种题型的解题技巧做个梳理和归纳总结。一、题型分析首先，我们应该从考研英语阅读的体裁进行分析，大部分阅读的文章属于议论文。那议论文的核心结构就是论点和论据两部分。阅读题目的题型主要有以下六种： ① 主旨大意题（对中心论点的考查）；② 段落推断题（段落论点的考查）；③ 例证题（论点和论据关系的考查）；④ 态度题（作者或者文章某人对某事物的观点态度的考查）；⑤ 词义句意题（对某个词或者句子意义的考查）；⑥ 细节题（对文章某个细节事实信息的考查）。明确了阅读题的六大题型，我们就可以针对每个题型来梳理和归纳每类题的解题思路和技巧了。二、六大题型解题思路不同的题型考查的重点不一样，所以每类题型的解题思路也会有差异。下面我们来想归纳一下该六大题型的解题技巧，给同学们的阅读解题提供思路和方法。① 主旨大意题主旨大意题识别：该题是针对文章中心的考查。我们做阅读题目的第一步永远是识别题目。主旨大意题的识别比较简单：题干中出现title,subject, mainly about/discuss/The text intends to tell us ...等这些字眼的时候，我们要能识别出来是主旨大意题；而且在题目位置的设定上，主旨大意题一般都在最后一题。解题思路：一、通过读题干解主旨大意，一共有三种方法，分别是：1）通过题干中反复出现的普通表达及同义词来解；2）首末题干解；3）题干中的态度倾向来解。二、通过文章确定答案：1）看文章开头，围绕转折寻找文章中心；2）看看是否是“抛砖引玉”引出文章中心；3）通过文章首句判断文章中心。（注：需要提醒的是这三种读题干解主旨大意题的方法是有顺序的。永远是优先考虑第一种，第一种不能有效解题的时候在再考虑第二种，然后第三种。通过读题干我们可以解出一部分主旨大意题，还有一部分主旨大意题我们不能通过读题干解出来，这时我们可以采用第二类。第二类也是遵循同样的顺序，优先考虑第一种，有无明显转折，没有转折，再看是否是抛砖引玉，最后看首句）最后定位信息和选项进行信息匹配，选出答案。② 段落推断题段落推断题识别：1）题干中infer/imply/indicate/learn from/suggest等标志词2）某段discuss/conclude....3）Which of the following is true according to Para X ?解题思路：由于段落推断题主要是对段落论点的考查，经常考查的段落论点的位置常在段落的转折处、段首和段末出现。所以我们的解题思路是：先看段落有无明显的转折，没有明显转折再看段首，段首不能解题，再看段末。最后进行定位处信息与选项信息进行匹配，那个信息匹配度最高，哪个是我们的答案。③ 例证题例证题识别： 1）题干中example/case/story.... is to show/demonstrate/illustrate...相关字眼的；2）位置识别：把题干信息放回原文，发现信息是例子，间接判断。解题思路：识别后，用题干中的例子信息进行原文定位，（既然是例证题，所以例子作为论据是证明论点的）然后在定位的例子前找例子证明的观点信息，然后把观点信息和选项信息进行匹配，匹配度最高为答案。④ 态度题态度题识别：1）题干中有attitude,view, opinion, feel等词2）选项中是四个态度词解题思路：由于考研阅读的文章大部分来自于西方权威学术议论文，这就限定了在这样的文章中作者不能随意表达自己的观点态度。有一些态度可以表达，有一些态度不可表达。可以表达的态度：1)“正”态度，即积极、正面的态度：agree/support/positive/appreciation/...2) “负”态度，即消极、负面的态度：disagree/ oppose/ negative/critical/skeptical... 3) “中”态度，即客观的态度：objective/impartial...不可以表达的态度：1）歧视类：biased/discriminate/prejudice... 2) 冷漠类：indifference/uninterested/interested/concerned... 3)不清楚：unclear/ambiguous/uncertain... 4) 情感过于强烈，肯定或否定：enthusiastic/strongly/absolutely... 5) 容忍类：tolerance/inlgent...那么我们态度题解题思路就是识别后，先排除不可以表达的态度词，然后再用题干信息定位，通过定位信息中的态度词或者论述来判断相应的态度倾向。 ⑤ 词义句意题词义句意题识别：“某个词或句子”is closest in meaning/probably means...解题思路：先用“某个词或句子”回原文进行定位，定位到信息以后，通过上下文的逻辑关系来推测词义句意。我们常考的逻辑关系可以大致分为两大类：语义的一致（包括并列、总分、论点和论据）和语义的相反（转折、让步和对比）。如果没有明显的逻辑关系，我们还可以通过定位信息的感情色彩帮助我们推测词义句意。⑥ 细节题细节题识别：排除前五大题型，剩下的就是细节题。解题思路：细节题是对文章细节信息的考查。我们的解题步骤是：1）利用题文同序进行模糊定位，缩小解题范围； 2）利用关键词进行精准定位，锁定解题信息。（注：关键词可以分为题干中关键词和选项中关键词，优先考虑题干中关键词进行精准定位，可能涉及到题干中存在唯一关键词或者多词并用作为关键词；如果题干中没有有效信息定位，我们可以通过选项中关键词来一一定位）；3）定位好信息后，把定位信息与选项信息进行匹配，哪个信息匹配度最高，哪个是答案。三、总结归纳以上就是我们针对考研阅读六大题型的识别和解题思路进行的梳理和总结。在这里再温馨提示一下：① 在做阅读的过程中，我们优先看题干有没有主旨大意题，如果有，可以先解决主旨大意题；② 在做不论哪个题型时，我们的第一步永远是识别题目。因为每种题型的解题思路都是不同的，所以我们必须先识别，再选择该题目相应的解题思路和方法； ③ 解题思路了解后，最重要的是我们利用真题进行实战演练，熟练掌握每个题型的解题技巧。希望我们总结的考研阅读的六大题型解题思路能对大家的解题提供帮助，为大家的考研梦助力，最后祝大家能够实现自己的考研梦，加油。