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2020考研英语一真题及答案「完整版」!三号而出

2020考研英语一真题及答案「完整版」!

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】!【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案(1-20)1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案(21-25)21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案(26-30)26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案(31-35)31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案(36-40)36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案(41-45)41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案(46-50)46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色,中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合,从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前,当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式,仍旧沿用以前的思维模式,其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者,但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多,并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时,文艺复兴时代已经结束,并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为:“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文:通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文:习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案,2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题,准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单,希望对大家有用:【英语书单】单词:闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词,划重点,后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词,省时间。真题:《考研真相》(英语二:考研圣经):一词一句讲解真题,重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解,不怕你看不懂,还有排除干扰项的方法,帮助提高答对率,适合基础弱的人。作文:英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》:通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文,再用三步作文法帮你拔高,专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》:从94年到现在的真题都包括了,讲解很好,帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题:用这本书练习做题,都是经典题型!同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本:《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书(政治大纲解析);风中劲草(三本书)、肖秀荣系列:精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷;蒋中挺冲刺5套卷;启航20天20题

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20考研英语大作文话题单词汇总|历年真题分类分析

通过对历年英语一真题地分析,考研英语作文的主题主要有5类,而且一旦考到某一主题,很多主题词都是通用的。精神品质类team spirit:团队精神teamwork:团队合作strengthen mutual cooperation:增强相互合作patience:耐心prudence:谨慎persistence/perseverance:恒心/毅力/坚持give up halfway:半途而废endeavor:努力diligence/painstaking efforts:勤奋self-dependence/self-reliance/independence:自立innovation/creativity/criticalthinking:创新self-confidence:自信lack of confidence:缺乏自信modesty:谦虚striving spirit:奋斗精神the spirit of competition:拼搏精神aggressive:有进取心的strong-willed:意志坚强的tireless:孜孜不倦的persevering:不屈不挠的consistent:始终如一的adversity and hardship:逆境和苦难a sense of achievement:成就感sense of honor:荣誉感entertain great ambitions:胸怀抱负reap without sowing:不劳而获haste makes waste:欲速则不达utilitarian:功利的,急功近利的actions:行动(take actions:付诸行动)down-to-earth:务实的thrift:勤俭honesty:诚信curiosity:充满好奇道德类public morality:公德devotion/dedication:奉献charity:慈善sense of responsibility:责任感undertake one's ties/responsibility:承担责任avoid one's ties/responsibility:逃避责任traditional virtues:传统美德practice filial piety:奉行孝道selfless devotion:无私奉献Patriotism:爱国主义comply with public morality:遵守公德follow the morals:按道德行事improve public morals:改进社会风气safeguard public morals:维护公共道德injure public morality:损害公共道德be public-spirited:有公德心的the corruption of public morality:公德堕落the lack of moral sense:道德缺失the crisis of trust:信任危机spit everywhere:随地吐痰make noise/talk loudly:大声喧哗littering:乱丢垃圾empty promise:空洞承诺false promise:虚假承诺compete for benefits:争抢利益unfair competitions:不公平竞争consumers' rights and interests:消费者权益disregard the public rules:无视公共规章benevolence:善心仁慈with heart and soul:全心全意amicable:友好的charitable:宽厚的credibility:信誉,美誉fake commodities:伪劣产品dishonest behaviors:欺诈行为unaffordable prices of medicines:药价虚高academic corruption:学术腐败plagiarism:剽窃抄袭excessive growth:过度上涨illegal ads:非法广告food safety:食品安全misdeed/misconct:不良行为spirit of contact:契约精神volunteering service:志愿服务volunteer spirit:志愿者精神家庭类或两代关系类mutual understanding:相互理解aging society:老龄化社会population aging:人口老龄化generation gap:代沟widen/expand generation gap:扩大代沟narrow/bridge generation gap:消除代沟domestic/family violence:家庭暴力foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up:抚养household chores:繁杂家务spoil children/dote on children:溺爱孩子over-inlgence:纵容溺爱only child:独生子女the universal two-child policy:全面二孩政策a well-off family:小康之家filial piety:孝道practice filial piety/fulfill filialty:奉行孝道show solicitude for parents:关心父母mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents:虐待父母cousin:堂兄妹,表兄妹offspring:后代,后辈ancestor:祖先环境保护类environment-friendly:生态环保的conserve natural habitats:保护生存环境animal rights activist:动物权益保护者natural reserve:自然保护区natural resources:自然资源biodiversity:生物多样性extinction:灭绝wind breaks:防风林sand breaks:防沙林climate change:气候变化greenhouse effect:温室效应threat of global warming:全球变暖的威胁develop renewable resources:开发可再生资源low-carbon economy:低碳经济low-carbon lifestyle:低碳生活方式environmental awareness:环境意识deforestation:森林消失biodegradable:可生物降解的environment-friendly procts:环保产品household garbage:生活垃圾waste sorting/garbage classification:垃圾分类motor vehicle pollution:汽车尾气污染public transport:公共交通green commuting:绿色出行water and soil erosion:水土流失soot emissions:烟尘排放sea water desalinization:海水淡化create pleasant living environment:创造怡人的生活环境air pollution:空气污染degradation/deterioration of airquality:空气质量恶化discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas:排放有毒气体acid rain:酸雨drought:干旱sandstorm:沙尘暴toxic waste:有毒废物instrial waste:工业废物sewage treatment:污水处理文化交流类culture and civilization:文化和文明The cultural blending/integration/fusion:文化融合cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange:文化交流cultural diversity:文化多元化multiculturalism:多元文化cultural identity:文化特性cultural heritage/legacy:文化遗产cultural relics:文物cultural facilities:文化设施cultural devolution:文化退化cultural insights:文化视角alien/foreign culture:外国文化Chinese cultural symbols:中国文化的符号advocate/carry forward traditionalculture:弘扬传统文化undermine traditions:破坏传统great and profound:博大精深的local customs and practices:风土人情cross-cultural communication:跨文化交流spiritual civilization:精神文明break with old customs:抛弃传统hand down from generation togeneration:代代相传minority:少数民族national pride:民族自豪original:原始原创的charming:极具魅力的splendid:壮丽辉煌的talk show:谈话节目crash:碰撞collection:收藏品folk art:民间艺术Chinese craze:中国热健康类physical health/fitness:生理健康mental/psychological health/fitness:心理健康health concern:健康问题state of health:健康状况sub-health:亚健康public health:公共卫生state of mind:心态physical exercises:体育锻炼well-balanced diet:均衡饮食sacrifice health:牺牲健康junk food:垃圾食品food additives:食品添加剂go on a diet:节食,减肥infectious disease/illness:传染病non-acclimatization:水土不服relapse:复发症stupor:昏迷short-sightedness:近视malnutrition:营养不良chill:打冷战经济类economic globalization:经济全球化recession/bleeding economy:经济不景气economic/financial crisis:经济/金融危机economic recovery:经济复苏economic prosperity:经济繁荣job market:就业市场look for/hunt for/seek a job:找工作job seeker:求职者a tough job market:严峻的就业形势unrealistic salary expectations:不切实际的薪资期望pursue a high-paid job:追求高薪工作lose one's job/be unemployed:失业job losses mount, unemployment climbs:失业加剧unemployment:失业人数career guidance:就业指导decline/recession/depression:萎缩/衰退/萧条bubble economy:泡沫经济demand exceed supply:供不应求turn loss into gains:转亏为盈stabilize prices:稳定物价unfair competition:不正当竞争fierce/intense/furious/cut-throatcompetition:激烈竞争fake and inferior proct:假冒伪劣产品after-sale service:售后服务brand effect:品牌效应lift/elevate people's standard ofliving:提高人们的生活水平lower citizens' standard of living:降低居民生活水平eliminate poverty:消除贫困spur/stimulate consumption:刺激消费教育类compulsory ecation:义务教育life-long ecation:终身教育exam/test-oriented ecation:应试教育quality ecation:素质教育well-rounded development of a child:全面发展balanced development of a child:均衡发展cultural quality:文化素质impart knowledge and ecate people:教书育人intellectual property:知识产权law ecation:法制教育teach students according to theiraptitude:因材施教academic/theoretical knowledge:理论知识practical skills:实用技能integrate theory with practice:理论联系实际disconnect theory from practice:理论脱离实际shape/mould one's character:塑造性格extra-curricular activities:课外活动the spirit of exploration:探索精神cultivate (nurture, foster)creative/original thinking:培养创新思维stifle/constrain/extinguishcreativity:扼杀创造力sap/dampen student's interest in sth.:挫伤学生对某事的兴趣eliminate illiteracy:扫盲miss a class:缺课cut a class:旷课drop out:辍学quit school:退学assistantship:助学金scholarship:奖学金university graates:大学毕业生pursue post-graate study/take partin the entrance exams for postgraates:考研study abroad/go abroad for furtherecation:出国留学excessive/une academic pressure:过大的学习压力the burden of study/learning:学习负担ease/relieve academic pressure:缓解学习压力intensify academic pressure:增强学习压力academic atmosphere:学习气氛

同乎无知

2019年考研英语大数据分析历年真题:出现频率最高的75个单词

考研英语冲刺第一周,11月26日-12月02日考研英语冲刺第二周,12月03日-12月09日考研英语冲刺第三周,12月10日-12月16日考研英语冲刺第四周,12月07日-12月21日按照我们的计划,冲刺第一周(11月26日-12月02日)还省1天,除了了解阅读理解的解题技巧,掌握出现频率最高的50组同义词后(请查看/本硕博,前两天文章),我们还要把历年真题中出现频率最高的75个单词的所有词义都牢牢记住.以前怎么复习都成为历史了,冲刺阶段就需要冲刺阶段的方案和技巧,可不能由于两三个词而影响了成绩,两三分就能改变结果。我们不是非要把成绩提升到一个很高的层次,至少我们不能由于准备的不充分而失分。考研英语一和英语二,前者是学术型研究生,后者是专业型研究生,英语一笔英语二稍微难了一些,二者最大区别就在于考察的方向不同,目标不同,在题型方面则是相同的。英语二的阅读理解不会有超过大纲的单词,而英语一的考试将会出现一些超纲的单词。无论阅读理解、完形填空,还是大小作文,都是需要单词量作为基础的,复习到不足一个月的冲刺阶段,再去背词汇书籍,往往不会有一个很好的效果,那么,想达到事半功倍的效果,一定要在3天内掌握历年真题中出现频率最高75个词汇。PLAN:1、复习了一年,这75个单词,想必你至少懂70个以上,但你真能把每个单词的词义都说出来吗?还是要想一想,才能说出来它所有的词义呢?2、每天强化25个单词,3天完成这75个单词,把每个词义都能完整地不假思索、脱口而出;3、早上吃饭前半小时,晚上睡觉前半小时做这个功课,很轻松;4、若能结合每个单词,再列举出它的同义词、反义词、关键词组、造句就更好了;5、任何单词都需要引申地去思考,去记忆,去联想才能得到完美的结果与效果;6、利用XMIND把上面75个单词做出来思维导图,更符合自己的记忆与理解规律;7、用这一年来,你自己的方法去总结,会更得心应手。时不待人,为了提升2019年考研英语的成绩,我们马上开始吧!就从今夜这一刻开始!

第一鬼

实用干货:考研英语二历年真题词汇合集

实用干货:考研英语二历年真题词汇合集关注星火英语,和准备考四六级、研究生的小伙伴们一起进步啊~

海岸線

考研英语:如何利用历年真题复习?

在考研的复习中,真题是一项重要的法宝,从历年考过的真题中,我们可以分析出许多有用的信息。那么,英语作为考研中的一门重头戏,它的真题应该怎么去利用呢?今天就随小编一起来看看吧!1、第一遍:用真题打基础考研英语历年真题第一遍的重点是打基础,可以先用自己的思路做。做完后,首先对答案,看一下自己做错题的解析,以现有的词汇和句子理解水平看能否看懂。在这个过程中,请对着真题里面不认识的生词,用小本列出来,记下不熟悉单词中文意思,如果有精力的话也可把好的句子抄录下来。2、第二遍:仔细研究每道题目考研英语历年真题第二遍的核心,应放在题目上。先做题并对答案。之后依旧看单词和长难句,但要注意这次是看,不需要像第一遍看得那么仔细深入。对于会的内容,一带而过,主要看自己第一遍那些做过记号不熟,且认为难的内容即可。此外,还需要注意第一遍做时标注的生词,熟悉它在句子中的用法,尤其是有很多词以及它的衍生词是多次重复出的,这些词的词义往往是考研的重点,一定要记住。3、第三遍:琢磨思路考研英语历年真题第三遍的核心应该放在思路上。要把思路的研习放在原文作者的思路上。研究原文作者的思路是说要弄懂西方作者的行文思路,以及每一段的主题句如何设置的思路。由于西方人的思维模式和我们中国人的差别还是很大的,有时能够捋清一篇文章的思路能够使我们对文章的内容把握的更加清晰明了,当然也就更有利于我们做题。如果说备战考研是一场战争,那么真题就是我们手里的宝剑,如果能够有效利用它,我们一定都能战无不胜!加油,考研人!

皆生于土

历年考研英语真题中出现10次以上的单词

搜集了一下近几年的考研英语真题,这些词汇频频出现,童鞋们一定要引起重视呀!在以前 的文章里我也经常强调,英语单词也是很重要的,从你开始准备考研开始,到你考研初试完,每一天都要看。即使不花费很多时间,就是浏览一下也好。特别是那些熟词僻义啊,多年反复出现的词汇啊,你看着很熟悉,但是要具体说出含义却不知道的词等等,都是需要我们特别关注的。单词是基础,就像地基一样,你连最基本的词汇都不认识,怎么能连词成句,做阅读呢?#考研#

上神乘光

2020考研:英语历年真题怎么复习?

考研英语历年真题的复习该怎么做,才是方法运用正确呢?下面,北京文都考研网小编为减少2020考研者少走弯路,特意总结出考研英语历年真题复习方法,供考生参考。考研英语历年真题怎么复习?一、考研英语历年真题第一遍:用真题打基础考研英语历年真题第一遍是打基础。做完考研英语真题后,首先对答案,直接看一下自己做错题的解析。以现有的词汇和句子理解水平看能否看懂。其次,请对着真题里面不认识的生词,用小本列出来,记下不熟悉单词中文意思,同时也可把好的句子抄录下来。二、考研英语历年真题第二遍:仔细研究每道题目考研英语历年真题第二遍的核心,应放在题目上。先做题并对答案。之后依旧看单词和长难句,但要注意这次是看,不需要像第一遍看得那么仔细深入。对于会的内容,一带而过,主要看自己第一遍那些做过记号不熟,且认为难的内容即可。三、考研英语历年真题第三遍:琢磨思路考研英语历年真题第三遍的核心应该放在思路上。要把思路的研习放在原文作者的思路上。研究原文作者的思路是说要弄懂西方作者的行文思路,以及每一段的主题句如何设置的思路。以上是北京文都考研网总结的“2020考研英语历年真题怎么复习?”,希望对2020考研学子,在真题备考方面有一定的指导作用!

务光

20考研英语丨历年真题长难句精选,阅读理解高分必背!

考研英语界里有这么一句话:得阅读者得英语。考研英语想要拿高分,那阅读也就必须得高分,关键是考研阅读应该怎么复习呢?小编这里建议:1、基础好的同学,做阅读可以进行精读,通过词句进行进一步的基础夯实;2、基础较差的同学,可以先泛读,积累词汇量,结合语境进行词汇学习,分析长难句。分享一下《20考研英语丨历年真题长难句精选》,建议大家都好好看看,背起来,对备考英语阅读很重要哦!