考研英语2考卷

2020考研结束，小西老师们经过这几天的整理、研讨分析，终于把今年的真题卷研究透彻了！今天，小西带大家了解一下完形填空和阅读理解~Let's take a look！Part 1 英语一01完形填空复现结构（题目源于20考研英语一真题）02阅读理解主旨大意（题目源于20考研英语一真题）作者态度题（题目源于20考研英语一真题）Part 2 英语二01阅读理解事实细节题（题目源于20考研英语二真题）推理判断题（题目源于20考研英语二真题）词义推断题（题目源于20考研英语二真题）讲个秘密上面全部的这些题型的解题技巧，小西都在冲刺专题当中详细地讲解过，除此之外，在小西的押题密卷中，阅读理解text2与2020年英语二真题text3主题一致，都是环保类，且复现较多真题词汇。20考研英语真题text3小西押题密卷text2WOW~应该给小西老师加鸡腿！21考研的童鞋们，考研跟对老师很重要，而小西的老师刚好专业！想真题体验的童靴可以去小西考研APP上了解哦

外语 在任何考研专业中都是必考的科目,绝大部分专业考的是英语。下面就通过对英语试卷结构、考核要求这几部分的分析让大家对考研英语先有个概念：考什么，怎么考！英语有两套试卷：英语一，英语二。一般学术硕士考英语一，专业硕士考英语二。英语二的难度要比英语一的难度低！以英语一为例：第一题 完形填空：10分, 一篇280个左右单词的文章, 从中选出20个空，每个空0.5分，平均得分3.5分。第二题 阅读理解：40分, 四篇文章，每篇文章五道题，每题两分。 这部分，考生通常得分要在28分，如果低于28分，英语总分将很难突破50分（经管类学科考生英语最低分数线为50分）。第三题 选择搭配：10分，一篇文章从中挑选五句话，并且加入两个干扰选项，让把正确的句子放在正确的空上，一个两分。这道题有连带错误效应，填错一个就有可能错两个！第四题 翻译（英译汉）：10分，一篇文章选出五句话，每句话30个单词左右，一个两分。 第五题 小作文：10分，写一篇一百个单词的应用文。第六题：大作文：20分，写一篇200个单词的议论文。以上就是英语一的试卷结构，下面再说一下英语二与英语一的区别。首先，英语二大纲要求的阅读单词量和英语一一样，但英语二中没有超纲单词！英语一中明确的说有600多个超纲单词！其次，语法的考核点也不一样。英语一的语法十多种，常考的有9种。英语二大纲明确要求, 英语二语法考点就8种，语法要求也相对简单。最后，题型：完形填空都是 20个选项, 但是英语一的文章相对较短，难度大些；阅读理解题量一样，但是英语二的文章比英语一的稍微简单点，没有超纲词汇；翻译，英语一是翻译句子，英语二是翻译全文，精确度要求不高；作文, 都是分为小作文和大作文，大作文的话, 英语一大多数是漫画，提炼主旨完成写作, 字数是160-200个单词，是一个相对开放的话题，英语二是介绍图表为主，要求150字左右，内容相对封闭。以上简单介绍了考研英语试卷的结构，通过分析试卷，可以明确的知道英语怎么考，希望能帮助到研宝们英语备考！

距离考研初试的时间越来越少，考研党们在紧张的复习冲刺的时候，除了注意知识点的梳理与巩固外，心态与作息也要做好调整，此外，最重要的就是对即将到来的考试进行模拟与预演，保持手感并做到心中有数，而考研英语是很多人的拦路虎，在最后的时间内，考研党们要对考研英语考试内容与阅卷流程做到心中有数。复习到现在，考研党们对考研英语都已经非常熟悉，考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分，试卷包括试题册和1张答题卡。考研英语试题分四部分，共48题，其中英语知识运用共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分；阅读理解由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分，其中B节有多项对应、小标题对应两种备选题型；英译汉共15分；写作也分为A、B两节，共2题，25分，A节为应用性短文，共10分，B节为英语说明文或议论文，共15分。对于考研英语的题型与分值，相信考研党们都非常熟悉了，在冲刺阶段，则要做道结合自己的情况，对每个题型的时间做好合理的分配，争取拿到更多的分数。此外对考研英语阅卷流程也要有一定的认识，考研客观题占分值为80分，全部使用机读卡自动阅卷，评为非常精准公平。主观题一共20分，则实行人工阅卷，对评分也有着详细的评分标准，特别是坐稳，主题、语法、句式、拼写、卷面等都是评分指标，但是，在实际阅卷中，阅卷教师的时间非常紧张，平均花费在每张考卷的时间就很少，只能大概浏览，各段主题句以及第一印象就非常重要，因此考研党做准备好作文结构与各段首句的准备，尽量把主题句放在段首，字也尽量工整好看。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

12月21日下午，考研初试考的是英语，这是一个公共科目，还没考完，考研英语就上了热搜。很意外吗？其实一点也不意外。我们知道，考研英语都是统考试卷，包括英语一和英语二两套试卷，通常学术型硕士考英语一，专业型硕士考英语二（当然也不绝对，有少数专业型硕士也考英语一，比如中医学类的专硕，就考英语一），由于面对全体考生，今年考研人数又高达341万，关注度高，是自然的。不过，瞬间上热搜，最主要的还因为难度较大。一般来说，英语一难度较大，而英语二则相对简单，这从历年来看，规律如此。所以，说英语难，通常是指英语一难。那么，今年英语一难度如何？从考场走下来的考生，有多人表示，难度较大，比去年似乎更难一些。除了完形填空相对比较简单，其他题目，几乎全方位被考生吐槽。有考生反映，阅读太难了，好几篇没看懂，做题更是难以下手，靠猜。有考生反映，英语一的翻译全是神句，只能连蒙带猜，几乎编不出一句完整的句子。连大小作文都被吐槽，有考生说，自己背的作文模板一点也不管用，只能临场另起炉灶，但也靠不住，写得一塌糊涂。类似吐槽从网上到网下，不绝于耳。其实，今年英语一的两个作文，小作文是通知留学生唱歌比赛，大作文题目是习惯，配图两幅，要求说明习惯的的重要性。其实这两个作文都比较常规，自由发挥得空间也不小，按道理难度是不大的。但考生在考场中，会高度紧张，容易影响发挥，导致思维很难展开，甚至犯些基地错误。比如，有考生竟然把custom（习惯）写成了customer(顾客），自己下考场后都感觉哭笑不得。至于今年英语一的阅读理解，确实是比较难，这其实是英语一的传统了，这也是考查英语能力最重要的方面。考研英语考查的主要就是读写能力，尤其是阅读能力，因为读研后做研究，需要阅读大量的英文文献、论文等，英语阅读能力属于很基础很重要的能力。如果只是从试卷来看，今年的考研英语一，总体难度大致和去年相当，维持了较难的一贯传统。之所以考生吐槽较多，主要是因为临场发挥问题，因为紧张、基础不牢等原因，不少考生发挥得不好，就感觉难度很大，甚至感觉明显超过去年。当然，今年考研英语难度到底如何，需要将试卷难度本身与考生的实际作答情况加以结合，才能得出明确可信的结果。目前刚刚考完，只能根据试卷情况和部分考生反馈加以分析。你觉得今年考研英语的难度如何

诸位考研er大家好，我是考仕通的梁老师，今天主要和聊聊MBA联考英语二试卷的构成。MBA联考英语二试卷由哪几部分构成一、完型填空MBA联考英语二的第一道题为完形填空（综合填空），主要考察点为词汇变形或者是词组的搭配。完形填空共20题，每题0.5分，总分10分。考生需要在350个词的文章中，完成20个单词填空。总体来讲，完形填空的分数占比很少，性价比不是很高。所以完形填空不应作为备考的重点。二、阅读理解MBA联考英语二的第二道题是阅读理解，它是整个试卷中最重要的部分。阅读理解共计50分，占了整个试卷的半壁江山，所谓“得阅读者得天下”。做阅读理解题，只是单纯的搞懂阅读文章的意思，并不一定能做对题目。我们不但要把文章读懂，还要还要抓住重点，理解其深层次的意思、道理。阅读理解A：1500词左右，4篇文章，20个四选一题目，共计40分。其中包含主旨题、细节题、实例分析题、词义理解猜测题等等一共是4篇文章。阅读理解B：1篇文章，450-550词，10分，章我们称之为阅读理解的新题型。这个是从2009年开始，整个英语二的大纲有了一次变化。阅读理解的新题型有什么呢?我们统称为：阅读理解新题型7选5.有两种，第一种：7选5之不全句子;第二种：小标题对应。这个文章篇幅较长，首尾不设问。这道题不是很难，历年正确率还是很高的。三、翻译MBA联考英语二的翻译总分15分。主要考察点是英译汉，考生需将一个或几个（150词左右）的段落的翻译落实到卷面上，要求考生对英语理解并用汉语准确表达。按照考试大纲来讲，翻译要求考生对文字理解表达的准确、完整、通顺。这么一看，翻译的要求着实不高。翻译改大纲之前，翻译是20分而且篇幅较长。那之后，整个试卷并没有变的多难，翻译也是缩短了文字，难度也降低了。考生在做翻译的时候，即使认识的单词不足一成，也不要空着，哪怕是通过上下文编一个汉语故事也要写上。四、写作09年大纲没改之前，只有一篇写作题，之后便分成了大、小两篇。1、小作文小作文就是写约100词的（书信）应用文，总分10分。一般采用套用模板的方式完成即可，所以需要考生在备考阶段背诵一些模板。只要你明白它如何写，会表达，它就是送分题。小套路：小作文的落款可以写上，“尽快回复，不胜感激“。这样一个开头，一个结尾小40个词有了，总共要求100个词。只是10分满的小作文，很简单。2、大作文下面就是15分的大作文。从10年之后，大作文考的便是图画、图表或文字类的文章，也有老师叫做数据变化类的文章。比如说柱状图，考MBA的考生逐年攀升，给了你柱状图，给了图表就此写一篇文章。写大作文，一般采用总分总的结构：第一段描述图标，正文写因素，结尾做合理的预测。其实非常非常简单，只要把模板背住了，基本上是往里面套数据。大纲上对于大作文还有其他题目，比如说现象分析类文章，还有一个叫漫画类作文。自从考试以来，大纲都会有漫画类作文，但是从来没考过。因为漫画类作文比较难把握。和图表类一样，第一段要做的就是描述漫画，但是特别难把控。不像图表类文章，只要模板都能搞定。这是大作文有大纲之上的要求分三大类，第一个数据变化类文章;第二个是现象分析类文章;第三类是漫画类文章。从2010年改完大纲到现在为止，考的都是数据变化类的文章。这是写作大作文15分。这是整个MBA联考英语二试卷题型和分值的构成，希望对大家有些用处。

眼看21考研还有一个月就要参加初试啦！各位同学都做好准备了吗？辽小都认为还有一些问题需要和大家做好科普和叮嘱，比如今天我想说的考研试卷分值占比和很重要的答题顺序毕竟答题需要分轻重主次，做到该拿的分一定要拿，除此之外考研的答题顺序和时间也很重要，毕竟每年都有答不完题目的同学，对于答题顺序和时间掌握的并不是很好！距离正式参加初试还有一个月的时间，这一阶段里大家可以通过今天辽小都分享的知识和方法进行模考练习，争取到考场前就养成答题好习惯！接下来和辽小都一起学习吧！一、公共课的试卷分值占比及答题顺序和时间分配1、考研政治（1）考研政治试卷题型及分值分布初试题型包括：单项选择题、多项选择题和分析题。其中单选题16分，多选题34分，分析题50分，共计38道题目。马克思主义基本原理，一般为选择题1-4题(4分)，多项选择题17、21题(10分)，解析题第34题(10分)，共计24分。毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论，选择题5-8题(4分)，多项选择题22-26题(10分)，解析题第35题(10分)，共计24分。中国近代史纲要，选择题9-12题(4分)，多项选择题27-29题(6)，解析题第35题(10分)，共计20分。思想道德与法律基础，选择题13-14题(2分)，多项选择题30、31题(4分)，解析题第35题(10分)，共计16分。时事政治，选择题15-16题(2分)，多项选择题32、33题(4分)，解析题第35题(10分)，共计16分。（2）考研政治时间分配考试时间为：180分钟，建议按试卷顺序作答。时间分配：60分钟选择题，100分钟分析题,最后留10-20分钟的检查时间。大家可根据自己的擅长程度进行调整，并且留下相对充足的时间检查。建议作答时间单选题：相对简单，20分钟左右。多选题：难度较大，40分钟左右。分析题：每道题目20分钟。ps：大家可以在做好客观题之后将答题卡涂好，以防后面因回答主观题耗时较长导致最后没时间涂卡2、考研英语（1）考研英语试卷题型、分值分布英语一：总分100分，完形填空20题，共10分；阅读20题+新题型5题，共50分；翻译5题，共10分；作文包含大作文20分，小作文10分。英语二：英语二与英语一不同的在于主观题即翻译和作文部分，翻译15分，大作文15分，小作文10分。（2）建议做题顺序顺序一：作文-阅读-翻译-新题型-完形填空顺序二：阅读-作文-翻译-新题型-完形填空对于大多数人而言，阅读和作文是最费脑筋、用时最长的题目，并且分值占比很高，因此建议大家首先作答，而新题型相对简单，拿分较容易，当然这并不是固定的答题顺序，大家一定要找到适合自己的最顺手的方法去做！3、考研数学（1）考研数学试卷题型、分值分布、时间分配试卷结构：选择题10题(每题5分)；填空题6题(每题5分)；解答题6题(每题10分左右)。分值分布及时间分配：选择题应该在40-50分钟答完，每个题目4-5分钟就要做完；填空题应该在25-30分钟内答完，每个题目依然是4-5分钟。解答题应该在100分钟内完成。（2）温馨提示今年考研数学试卷结构发生了变化，并且部分知识点考察的占比也发生了变化，整体难度难以预测。所以小伙伴们对于各部分题目要进行合理的时间分配，遇到难度较大或较复杂的，适当放弃，放松心态，我们不是来解答难题的，而是来把应该拿到的分拿到的，步骤分也是分！二、专业课的答题1、时间的控制专业课的时间其实有点难把握，答题时间有时甚至容易不够，其实填写完准考证后就可以思考题目的框架了。在答第一个题目时，第二个题目的答案已经在头脑中形成雏形。一道题用2-3分钟来思考，甚至更久一点，控制好简答题的篇幅（不做过多延伸），并不会造成写不完的状况。此外，答题时，要注意两个小细节：①可以考虑在每一道题目后面留有两三行的空白，等你在答后面的题目时，想到的新知识点可以回过头来进行补充；②对于一时没有头绪的题目先略过，等做完后面的题目或做题过程中突有灵感时，再回过来做答，也可以在回答后面的题目时，将偶然想到的知识点记在草纸上。2、篇幅的控制如何控制篇幅?名词当作简答来做，简答当作论述来答，论述则当成小论文来写。其实，有的学校会规定答题的字数，如有此规定，可以根据规定来。如果没有规定，可以参考下列标准：名词：80-100字；简答：100-300字；论述：300-500字；评论：800-1200字。当然还需要注意的是不同的同学写字的速度不一样，可以根据自己的速度调整篇幅，以免出现想写的东西写不完而失分的情况；答题更注重思路清晰、逻辑清晰，而不注重考生堆砌了多少知识点，不要翻来覆去写一些没用的或者同样的内容三、答题卡1、答题卡重要性据统计，每年考研最少有3%的同学因为涂错答题卡、写错答题卡，而损失惨重！虽然涂答题卡不难，但是辽小都还是劝各位同学每一个空都要好好涂，涂好后多次检查。2、怎么用？辽小都建议大家在初试之前买一些考研的答题卡进行模考的练习，将模考的答案写入答题卡中，熟悉一下考试的答题卡填涂顺序和流程，体验身临其境的感觉，多次联系也不会到考场时紧张初试即将来临，各位21考研的同学们可以通过辽小都分享的方法进行练习，希望大家都能够成功上岸！

今天与大家说说考研英语真题改卷评分的细则，首先要说的是，大家考试是在报考点进行的，一考完以后，会对大家的考卷进行分类，将考同一区域学校（一般以省为单位）的试卷整合在一起，运送到当地，由当地考试院组织老师进行批改。所以就会出现大家常说的某某区域阅卷“旱区”的说法，比如考北京高校的同学，卷子都被押运到北京进行改卷。考研英语的阅卷分为“人工阅卷”和“机器阅卷”两部分，考研英语大部分是客观题，所以阅卷大部分是机器阅卷，就是填答题卡，只要大家认真的对好题号，将选项涂满就没什么问题，英语四六级应该经历蛮多的。而客观题部分就是“翻译”和“写作”两大块，分值占比40分，也不算小分数了。翻译部分评分规则英语一翻译5道题，每道题2分，总共10分。一般现在大家看一些翻译真题解析或是一些翻译课程，老师都会告诉你，一个句子会分为4个部分，每个部分占到0.5分。因此在平时训练的时候就要学会划分得分点，做个3-5年真题，这个就很好把握了。如果在答题的时候，发现一句话1个或是2个采分点不会翻译或是翻译不顺，这样的话将会翻译的采分点翻译出来也可以的，不会的部分不要将他们乱翻译联通在一起，扭曲了整个句子的意思，这样都没分了。因为翻译的不好，所以改卷的时候老师会对几个点进行赋分，只要写出来一个采分点可以得0.5分，不会因为英语句子不通顺，而不给你分。如果是要一句话拿到2分，老师还要看你整个句子翻译是否正确，有时候4个得分点都对了，但是整个句子意思扭曲了，也是会被扣分的。关于翻译部分，只要大家的意思对就好了，就是像人说的话就OK了，对于修辞上不做要求，那个是翻译大师的事情。考研英语写作部分先来看看英语写作主要考察方向。再看看一般评分标准（放大可以看清楚）写作评分原则和方法①A 节作文的的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域的恰当。对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题做调整。允许在作文中使用提示语中出现的关键词，但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分。B 节作文的评分重点在于内容的完整性、文章的组织连贯性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。②一篇作文由两位老师改卷，评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来给分。大家也看到一档次就是4分之差，所以阅卷老师会在档内有 1-3 分的调节分。③A 节作文的字数要求是 100 词左右。B节作文的字数要求是 160-200 词。作文长度不够是要被扣分的，小作文都有套路比较简单，很多同学都可以写到100词，但是大作文就要留意了。④拼写与标点符号与语言准确性的方面。评分时，视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。不管是平时默写，仿写，单词和标点是大家自己可以注意的，如果有整理自己模板的同学，这些更新最基本的。⑤如书写较差，以致影响视觉效果，将分数降低一个档次。所以阿呆建议各位，如果书写比较差的同学，可以在复习的同时进行英语书法的练习，建议用看起来比较美观的衡水体，这个字帖某宝就有卖，一般是4-5元一本，练他个1-2个月，效果还是很显著，本来就写的很好的同学就没必要练习了。

考研英语难吗，有人说难，有人说不难，其实难不难不仅仅取决于个人，更多的还取决于你会不会备考。如有些考生不仅悟出了命题规律，连英语命题素材的出处都了解得很清楚。如果你从来没有思考过这个问题，不妨今天随小编来了解一下。1、英语真题素材出自哪里？没有特别规定，但是，命题组的老师们都知道，可用材料均选自英美主流杂志或书籍。在选择标准上，大家的共识是，不用文学类材料，比如小说、戏剧、文学散文等，也不使用专业性特别强的材料，因为使用专业性过强的材料对非该专业的学生不够公平。此外，命题材料所涉及的话题也格外注意，比如，谈论宗教、种族、政治的文字一般不用。就整体而言，考研英语较多采用经济、教育、文化等公共话题的篇章。并且，老师们选材时，经常以所选文章能否找得出"题眼"而做取舍，比如，选择阅读理解的篇章时，文字的表述要有曲折，才好设置题目。当然，文章中若有"超纲"词，或过于专业的术语，命题老师会将其替换掉或做适当解释，以便考生顺利阅读。2、考研英语素材哪些最靠谱？绝大多数都来源于英美主流报刊杂志，比如TheEconomist(《经济学人》)、BloombergBusinessWeek(《商业周刊》)、Nature(《自然杂志》)、TheWallStreetJournal(《华尔街邮报》、TheNewYorkTimes(《纽约时报》)等。偶尔也会在一些书籍中寻找合适的文字做考试素材，比如，有些做翻译题目的篇章选自相关的英文专著，但不多，并且会对其中的个别术语和专业概念做细致处理，保证考试的公平。因此，考研备考中重要的就是研读，因为语篇永远都在变化，但命题思路和题目设置是稳定的。这也是考研命题的整体思路。3、是否会从英美报纸上选择命题材料?一般不会。因为报纸上发表的文章通常面向大众读者，文字表述浅显易懂，不适于出题，并且报纸文章通常强调时事性，由于考生关注时事的程度不同，以此类内容做考题或对不同考生有失公允。4、作文的命题有什么规律?考研英语的作文题目通常以一幅图画或一个图表给出。在话题选择上，命题人不会刻意贴近社会热点话题，基本会选择大家相对熟悉的话题，消除因为背景知识不同带来的差异，保证公平。另外，每年考题素材的选择从未预设过主题偏向，所用材料只要来源与内容足够多样并适合一贯命题要求即可。即便是被热炒的《经济学人》杂志，入选篇章的数量也并没有明显高过其他刊物。还在为不知道从何入手考研英语复习而头大吗？还在纠结考研英语考试素材都出自何处吗？这篇文章可以帮你解决很多问题。多读书、多看报、少玩游戏，多关注小编的文章，一定会对你有所帮助的！