文|冷丝栏目|考研复习与稳步增长的考研人数形成鲜明对比的是,历年来考研英语的平均分始终没有太大进步,基本停留在35分到50分之间,连基本的60分及格线都难以达到。冷丝也一直在思考这个问题:真的是考研英语难度大吗?其一,考研学子的主观因素是导致英语考试难的重要因素。在两年的大学英语学习之后,部分学生由于缺乏老师的指导监督,没有养成良好的英语学习习惯,放弃主动的英语学习。所以,在大三下学期准备考研时,大学生往往对英语感觉陌生,复习起来不得要领,就不用说那些工作多年的往届考生了,他们对于英语复习更是无从下手。加之考研英语选用的材料本身有相当的难度,考研学子感到英语难,这就成了顺理成章的事情了。其二,考研英语是选拔性考试,选材难度远高于目前的大学英语教材。考研英语大纲对英语考试的性质界定为:高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的、具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。所以说,考研英语考试目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力,评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平,以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平,并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上的择优选拔。其三,具体来说,考研英语阅读难度大。考研英语的重头戏是阅读,无论是第一部分的英语知识运用,还是第二部分的阅读理解A、B、C题型所选用的文章,多出自西方国家知名的报纸杂志。历年来出现频率较高的有英国的《经济学人》《卫报》,美国的《纽约时报》《华盛顿邮报》《纽约客》《时代周刊》等。上述报刊的受众大都是本国受过良好教育的精英或中产以上阶层,文章的撰写人多半是英美著名作家、评论人或资深记者编辑,具有深厚的文字功底和丰富的写作技巧。所以,考研英语文章无论是从词汇量、句子长度和难度,还是各种语法修辞等写作手段的应用来说,都比广大考生在两年的大学英语学习过程中接触的课文难上不止一个层次。通俗地讲,部分中国高校学生在两年大学英语学习,但是,冷丝发现,在广泛实施大学英语分级教学的今天,很多高校学生的大学英语学习时长甚至缩短到了一年半,因为这个原因,大学生接触的所有课文加在一起,还不如一份《华盛顿邮报》的信息量大。而且,部分学生对大学英语课文的掌握程度难以令人满意,又如何能看懂难度陡增的英美中上层人士读物呢?西方作者的写作逻辑和思维方式迥异于中文作者,这在客观上造就了英语考试难。一些考研英语文章的作者在表达观点时并非直抒胸臆,而是显得非常委婉,使得考生有时连文章大意都把握不住。考生越早意识到这些现实差距, 越能够尽快树立正确的学习观和制定有效的复习策略。其四,考研英语命题专家的思路难以把握。考生的常见感慨是:明明觉得自己读懂了文章,但是一做题就出错。这是因为考研命题专家在设计阅读题干和选项时,总是会以各种方式设置思维陷阱,迷惑考生。说白了,考研英语命题专家天生就是来为难考生的,他们就是要想尽一切办法让考生难以准确找到答案。因此,考生必须熟悉考研英语的命题套路,掌握命题常考点,了解正确选项和错误选项的特征,才能有的放矢,各个击破。
我推荐一本巨微英语《历年真题逐句精解》,这是我偶然间“挖”到的一本宝藏真题书!真的是太好用了!别看我这么激动,就以为我是在瞎说,咱都是实事求是的人哈,该是咋样就是咋样,有一说一,我夸它好,那它肯定是有优秀的地方值得和大家唠一唠的!那废话就不多说了,我带你们来详细看看这本巨微的考研真题书,都有哪些亮点:先说一下,巨微的逐句精解是有3本真题书,一本是基础版,一本是提高版,还有一本冲刺版,冲刺版要收录21考研的真题,差不多是3月份发货,所以我现在手里只有基础版和提高版,给考研党说下我的感受吧。这几天,我已经把它摸得透透的了,要是不好用,我是绝对不会推荐给你们的!先做一个简单的总结,你们可以先看下这本书的亮点:第一,必须要夸的就是,它的题量真的够大!足足有24套真题,从1998年到2021年考过的真题,这里面都有,大部分真题书都是只有15年左右的,巨微这个题量真的很良心,市面上几乎没有比它多的了吧,这么多,对想刷题的人来说,简直太幸福了好吧!绝对不会出现真题不够做的情况!第二,要夸的是,巨微的解析真的很细!一方面我们从这本书的厚度上就能看出来,拿起来就很有分量,我大概看了一下,1年的真题解析就有80页,24年真题的话,差不多有1900页,肉眼可见的细!再一个,翻开看里面的文章解析,全部是一句一句的分析讲解,还把重难点词单独注释出来,标注了重点,不用你再额外花时间去查单词意思,很方便。对于句子讲解,巨微分了2种形式:一种是简单的句子用文字讲解句子结构,而且把每一个成分都单独拎出来说,主语是什么,修饰是什么,给你讲得明明白白;一种是长难句,这个就讲得更细了,不光有文字讲解,还有图示解析,这样分层讲解,句子的各个成分都展开了给看,同时还用箭头指出了他们之间之间的逻辑关系,基础弱的话,直接跟着这个图解看,全部梳理得很清楚。第三,性价比高。最后,我一定要说的是,要考研的集美们,这本巨微的逐句精解真的是又好用又便宜,能拿到24年的真题,性价比太高了,感觉真的是在挖宝,你知道吗?我们考过研的人和打算考研的人应该都知道,考研的资料都不便宜,尤其是对于学生党来说,能省一点是一点。这本巨微的真题书就是性价比之王啊,不知道选什么考研英语真题书的话,强烈建议你们看看这本巨微,不冲真的有点太亏了!
关于考研英语备考,第一步就是选资料!一本好的真题资料可以帮你的复习开个好头,所以大家都知道,真题书对于考研党来说真的很重要。近些年来,考研圈里最火的真题书就是《考研真相》和《黄皮书》,很多同学在复习前,都会纠结自己到底要选哪一本?今天学姐就来带你看看这2本真题书的区别,希望能帮到有选择纠结症的小可爱。上面是学姐对这2本真题的一个大概总结,为了让大家看得更直观些,做了这个表格,怎么样?还不错吧~(夸我!)好了,不开玩笑了,下面我们就详细来看看这2本真题书的特点:第一本:《黄皮书》(英语一)推荐指数:★★★★适用人群:《黄皮书》适合基础较好的同学,如通过英语六级的小伙伴。内容包括:试卷版(2009-2016)+精编版(2017-2020)优点:1、试卷版通过认真研读8年真题,注重培养考生的词汇、语法和长难句等基本功,主要教你把握解题思路和破解命题人思维,击破考研英语阅读、翻译、写作等各个专项题型。2、精编版利用近4年真题进行实战模拟演练,利用解析深入揣摩和研究考研英语文章的行文脉络及命题思路。对历年真题不断精读研究,教你及时查漏补缺并总结知识点,主要用于最后冲刺阶段。缺点:1、《黄皮书》的真题只有全文翻译和针对个别长难句的语篇解析,答案解析比较晦涩,有很多专业的书面语,基础不好的小伙伴看黄皮书的解析会有点难理解;2、针对一道题一个做法解析,采用的是已知正确答案套选项,所以对于基础不太好的同学来说,很容易遇到的问题是有可能你会了这道题,做下一道题还是不知道该怎么去思考,这种解题方法不具备通用性。总结:黄皮书偏重整体分析,虽然它不会挨着给你分析每句话的语法结构,只会挑两三个长难句讲,但是它会给你讲解题思路,更注重解题方法,看多了可以锻炼你的敏感度。如果你的基础较好,具备一定的语法基础和有足够的词汇量积累的话,你可以试试这本哦!第二本:《考研真相》(英语一)推荐指数:★★★★★适用人群:基础薄弱与基础好的小伙伴都可以使用,尤其推荐基础弱的同学用。内容包括:基础研读版+基础加强版(2001-2007)+高分突破版(2008-2014)+考前冲刺版(2015-2020)优点:1、针对句子看不懂,《考研真相》对每个句子都做了详细的图示解析,把复杂的句子分解为简单句,可以帮考生分清句子主干,更容易看懂长难句;2、解析部分有箭头指示非常清楚,关键信息进行了加粗,重点信息一眼就能看到;3、每一个重难点词汇都做了讲解,有真题语境,方便小伙伴们更容易理解和掌握单词的具体用法。4、配有逐句翻译+全文翻译,可满足考生的不同需要:①逐句解析不光一句一句图解语法、一句一句注释词汇,而且在英文原句后直接给出每个句子的翻译,帮助考生扫清阅读障碍、真正读懂文章。②全文翻译一方面有助于考生梳理行文思路、总结篇章结构,从整体上把握文章;一方面可以帮助考生在研究解析时,快速定位到原文,然后找到与答案出处相关的上下文内容,更快找到正确答案。缺点:鉴于《考研真相》的答案解析很详细,每个年份的题都有近100页的解析,20套真题总共差不多有近2000页的解析,整套真题略微有点厚重。不管是基础弱还是基础好的考研党都可以无压力使用《考研真相》,比如你英语四六级没过、六级500分以下、英语六级500+但做题过程中,不认识的句子超过3句的话都可以用这本,尤其是基础弱的考研小白,学姐个人更推荐你使用《考研真相》备考哦!
【编者按】近日研究生录取通知陆续发出。本号约请一批2017年新近考取研究生的同学撰稿分享新鲜出炉的考研心得。今天这一篇由CYU12级本科生杜先同学撰写。很荣幸能够写这篇考研经验。本人2017年第二次考研,第一志愿本校即中国青年政治学院法学院经济法专业。初试成绩369分:英语67,政治68,经济法学132,专业基础知识综合102。复试成绩89.85。总成绩83.01。下面我将分别就初试和复试来讲讲我的学习经验。一、初试1.专业课我认为专业课是复习的重中之重,在每天的学习分配中我一般会花费2/3的时间来学习专业课。中青院的专业课试题难度适中,知识点考察得比较基础但是覆盖面比较广,试题中也会考察一些非常细节性的问题,但是都可以在书本中找到答案,所以专业课的学习一定要以书本为重,把书本吃透是最重要的。关于参考书,中青院的官网每年都会公布,我的建议是不要为了图省事就用本科用过的教材,一定要重新买最新版本的教材。因为专业课的试题会考察最新的知识点,下面我着重来讲一下经济法,其他专业课的学习方法和经济法基本一致就不再赘述。(1)经济法学习中,真题非常重要。我在拿到教材之后立刻在学长官网下载了近5年的真题,又在淘宝上买了前10年的真题。然后将真题中考过的知识点记在了目录上,蓝色字体是考过的知识点,后面黑体字是考过的知识点的年份和考察形式。粉红色字体是我在学习的过程中发现的重要知识点但是没有考察过的。通过这个方法能更清晰地明确考试的重点,比如反垄断法考察过多年,一个知识点会换题型考察或者直接重复考察,所以像这种考点就需要多加复习。真题还有另外一个作用,在我学习的后期会时不时地做真题来检验自己知识点掌握得是否扎实。(2)虽然通过真题看到考试的重点,但是仍需要全面地复习书本。因为初试考察得非常细致,需要我们认真看书本。经济法教材我看了4遍。前两遍主要以理解为主,仔细看书的每一个章节,不能因为觉得某些章节不重要就略过,很有可能考试就会考到。后两遍主要记忆,我一般是看完知识点就默写一遍,巩固记忆。我个人是没有在看书的过程中做笔记,一个原因是我向学长借用了经济法的笔记,另一个原因是我在去年的考研学习中因为做笔记花去了非常多的时间但是效果并不好,所以我今年一边看书一边对照学长的笔记。2.英语(1)单词首先说一下单词,单词是英语学习的基础。我买了朱伟老师的《恋练有词》和配套的学习视频,朱伟老师的风格比较幽默,单词的安排也比较合理,个人非常推荐。背单词我用了“墨墨背单词”这个学习软件,这个软件的好处是可以在软件中找到各个考研单词书,在每天背完单词后软件会根据个人的记忆程度自动生成第二天要复习的单词,以便于及时巩固。时间规划方面,自准备考研开始到结束,每天我都会坚持背单词,平均每天会花费半个小时的时间。(2)真题在英语学习的过程中真题非常重要,我用的参考书是新东方的《四大名师历年考研英语真题超详解及复习指导》,由于我去年考研已经做过了一遍真题,今年我除了再做真题以外,重点就放在了对阅读长难句的理解上,对文章中的重点长难句我会自己翻译,如果学习的时间比较充裕的话,可以对阅读理解进行逐句翻译,这对考研英语的学习是非常有帮助的。3.政治政治我用了肖秀荣的1000题,个人感觉比较有用,推荐使用。后期我也买了肖秀荣的8套卷和4套卷,比较推荐4套卷。二、复试准备1.专业课复试只需要准备一门经济法,但是正是因为只考一门,就会考得更加细致。复试的专业课面试的考察方式会比较灵活,除了《经济法》这门教材以外,也应复习本科学习过的经济法相关的课程。我在复试专业课面试的准备当中,就是因为没有复习本科学习过的课程没有回答出老师提出的问题,这也是我的不足之处,希望师弟师妹可以吸取经验教训。复试的专业课笔试范围和难易程度与初试的区别不大,只要认真复习经济法教材就不会有太大的问题。需要提醒大家的是一定要重视复试,不要以为初试过了就万事大吉,复试的成绩占总成绩的百分之六十,复试发挥不好有被淘汰的几率的,所以在初试考完后也不要放松,及时学习。2.英语复试对英语的考察主要以面试作为主要形式。个人在这方面没有特别好的复习方法,就是坚持每天复习单词,因为复试对英语的考察还是要看平时的积累的,单词的储备量上去了,在口试中能更自如地应对。还有一点,关于学习时间的安排还有看多少遍专业课我没有详细说明,主要我觉得这,借鉴的意义不是太大。之所以这么说,因为我去年按照一位师姐的时间计划来安排自己的学习,最后完全坚持不下去。所以,每个人按照自己的承受能力和个人情况来安排自己的学习时间,不要盲目听从别人的时间安排,毕竟适合自己的才是最好的。最后祝愿大家都能够考取自己心仪的学校,加油!
谁都明白一个道理:“现场实习三个月比读几年大学来得更直接,记忆也更深刻。”今天如梦就带着大家一起来“实习”一篇《八句话,走天下》某读者写的文章。2017年考研英语一作文真题2018考研学子的文章该同学的水平应该是属于中上游,对《八句话》也有自己的想法,这点很好。在《八句话》的第26页给大家列举了一系列类似于short-sighted(短浅的)这种高端合成词汇,只需要选择记忆即可。stretch out on the sofa 表示四肢展开躺在沙发上,这个表达给人以“懒散”的画面感,沙发是与on搭配。该同学把self-made会错了意,这个词汇常用来形容“自制的什么东西”,而不是说这个人“自我克制”,另外还可以形容白手起家的大佬。注意句子的精炼,减少冗杂的元素,比如图中简化的部分。用词精度一直是大部分考生的噩梦,词不达意或词走偏锋。“冠词、三单线准确”是你即将离开“菜鸟驿站”的标志。不要在考场给自己出语法题,一般现在时和将来时是对自己最“么么哒”的宠物,不要跳“过去完成进行时”等高难度的“钢管舞”,它们是潘多拉的魔盒。动词短语名词化(ing)和不定式是你永远也爱不完的“主人(主语)”,英语二的同学务必学会用这两种主语来让文章“客观化”。时刻记住本文最下面的那一句话:剑桥大学给了世界级的一句权威点评,一篇宇宙级的好文章应该是那样的。小作文很简单,格式完全固定,在十二月一号的时候,如梦把系统录制的视频传给大家,小作文差距不大,大作文才是关键!!!WeChat subscription:八句话走天下University of Cambridge:Good arguments are well established (精确设计)and not difficult to understand(可控写作).
Text 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.在一个少见的全体一致的裁决中,美国最高法院推翻了前项对前弗吉尼亚州长罗伯特麦克唐纳的贪腐判决,但是最高法院对他的行为也掩鼻不屑,麦克唐纳接受从一家公司馈赠的包括劳力士手表、法拉利汽车等,已获得和政府接触的机会。The high court’s decision saidthe judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trialfailed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his ties.最高院的决定表明麦克审判的法官没有告知陪审团必须只考虑他的“公务行为”,或者麦克的决定在特殊和未解决的问题上必须与公务相关。Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, thejusticesfound.仅仅帮助一个送礼者给他们接触其他官员的机会,除非对那些官员有明确的意图以此施加压力,否则那不成为腐败。最高法官如是裁决。The court did suggest that accepting favorsin return for opening doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act.”法院明确表示接受馈赠从而为其打开方便之门的确令人反感和恶心,但是在根据反贿赂法,证据证明必须得有确凿的利益,比如批准一个合同或规定,才构成受贿。仅仅安排会面,打个电话,主持一项活动不能算公务行为。The court’s rulingis legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compactunderlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”法庭的裁决在法律上合理的界定一种非犯罪的偏好,民选领袖必须允许帮助资助者解决官僚作风的问题,不用担心面临贿赂的指控,首席大法官JR说,代议制政府之下的基本契约是公共官员能够听从选民关切的事情并出谋划策。But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed toplay favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an indivial or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.但是判决强调市民和选民代表的要求,而不是法院的要求,确保对政府通道的平等性。官员不能因为个人或组织提供了竞选资金或个人馈赠就厚此薄彼,提供信息、安排见面等,这种形式的诚信需要政府严格执行透明政策,比如官方会议录音,游说规定,和民选领袖财富来源信息。Favoritism in official access canfan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each indivial.偏袒会煽动民众对腐败的理解,但是它不是总是腐败,相反,公务员需要避免“双标”,即对普通人和富人采取不同的标准,如果关系可以买来,民主社会的前提——所有人都被政府平等对待——就被破坏了。好的政府依赖于一个个个体的内在价值。The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.法院裁决是对腐败和公务偏袒斗争的一个进步。36. The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that the court划线句子表明法院[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s ties.避免给麦克的职责定范围[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.在麦克的定罪上没有妥协[C] was contemptuousof McDonnell’s conct.对麦克的行径表示蔑视[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.拒绝对麦克的行径评论37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves根据第四段 ,公务行为只有涉及()才被认为腐败[A] concrete returns for gift-givers.提供具体的汇报给送礼者[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.可观的礼物收益 [C] leaking secrets intentionally.主动泄露秘密 [D] breaking contracts officially.公务上的违约 38. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are法院裁决基于公务人员的()假设[A] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.允许把重点放在支持者关心的事情上[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.有能力独自解决政府事情[C] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.有正当理由满足选民的要求[D]exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.对于偏袒的指控免除定罪 39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to在政府透明度方面,需要强有力的法律来保证[A] awaken the conscienceof officials.唤醒公务人民的道德心 [B] guarantee fair play in official access.保证官方接待的公平 [C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.允许某种程度的游说 [D] inspire hopes in average people.激发普通人的希望 40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is作者对法院裁决的态度是[A] sarcastic.讽刺[B] tolerant.容忍 [C] skeptical.怀疑 [D] supportive.支持答案:CCCBD
考研倒计时43天。在这里小编祝各位正在奋战考研的学长学姐考研顺利。贴心的小编呢,从今天开始开起考研直通车专栏,定期为咱们的考研大军奉献一些考研知识干货,助力学长学姐考研。历年考研英语真题中出现10次以上的词汇★出现次数大于20次1.author(65次) n.①作者;②创始人2.science(56) n.①科学;②学科3.school(40) n.①学校;②(大学里的)学员,系;③学派,流派4.information(39) n.①通知,报告;②情报,信息5.social(38) adj.①社会的;②交际的n.社交活动6.result(35) n.结果,成果,成绩v.①(in)导致,结果是;②(from)起因于7.cost(33) n.成本,费用,代价v.价值为,花费8.business(32) n.①商业,生意;②事务,业务,职责;③企业;④贸易量;⑤行业,业务9.rate(30) n.①比率,率;②等级;③价格,费用v.①估价;②评级,评价10.technology(30) n.工艺,技术11.consume(29) v.消费,耗尽12.economy (29) n.①节约; ②经济13.process (29) n.①过程,进程;②制作法;③工艺v.加工,处理14.system (28) n.①系统,体系;②制度,体制15.view(28) n.①景象,风景;②观点,见解;③观察,观看;④眼界v.看待,观察,考虑16.reason(26) n.①理由,原因;②理性,理智v.①推论,推理;②说服,评理;③讨论,辩论17.tend(24) v.①趋向,往往是;②照料,看护18.moral(23) adj.道德(上)的,道义的n.①寓意,教育意义;②道德19.behavio(u)r(21) n.①行为,举止;②(机器的)特性20.economic(21) adj.经济 (上)的,经济学的21.growth(21) n.生长,增长,发展★出现次数14-20次1.concern(20) v.①涉及,关系到;②关心,挂念;③担心,担忧n.①(利害)关系;②关心,挂念;③担心,担忧2.lead (20) v.①领导,引导;②领先,占首位;③(to)通向,导致,引起;④经验,过(生活)n.带领,引导3.theory ( 20) n.①理论, 原理;②学说,见解,看法;③看法,观点4.create(19) v.①创造,创作;②引起,造成,简历5.culture(19) n.①修养,教养;②文化,文明6.indivial(19) adj.①个人的,单独的;②独特的n.个人,个体7.role(19) n.①角色;②作用,任务8.achieve(18) v.①完成, 实现;②达到,达成,获得9.argue(18) v.①争论,辩论;②认为,主张,论证;③说服10.decade(18) n.十年11.experience(18) n.经验,经历v.体验,经历12.infer(18) v.推论,推断13.account(17) n.①账( 目,户) ;②叙述,说明;③价值,地位v.(for)①说明,解释;②占;③(take into)考虑14.available(17) adj.①可用的,可得到的;②可以见到的,随时可来的15.community(17) n.①同一地区的全体居民,社会,社区;②共同体,团体16.involve(17) v.①卷入,陷入,连累;②包含,含有,涉及17.average(16) n.平均(数)adj.①平均的;②普通的,一般的v.平均,均分18.benefit(16) n.利益,好处,恩惠v.①有益于;②(from, by)收益19.dam(16) n.水坝, 水闸20.influence(16) n.①(on)影响,感化;②势力,权势;v.影响,感化21.intellectual(16) n.知识分子22.issue(16) v.①流出,放出;②发行,发表,颁布n.①发行(物),(报刊)期号;②问题,争论点,争端23.obvious(16) adj. 明显的,显而易见的24.present(16) adj.①出席的,到场的;②现在的n.①现在,目前;②礼物,赠品v.①赠(送),呈献;②介绍,陈述;③提出,呈交;④上演25.structure(16) n.①结构,构造;②建筑物v.构造,建造26.activity(15) n.①活动;②活性,活力27.competition(15) n.①比赛; ②竞争28.conscious(15) adj.① (of )意识到的,自觉的;②有意识的,神志清醒的29.sence(15) n.①感官,官能;②感觉;③判断力;④见识;⑤意义,意思V.感觉到,意识到30.able(14) adj.有 能力的,能干的,显示出才华的31.decline(14) v/n.①下倾,下降,下垂,衰落;②斜面,倾斜v.拒绝,谢绝32.depend(14) v.(on)取决于, 依靠,信赖,相信33.describe(14) v.描述,形容34.fund(14) n.资金, 基金v.资助,投资35.intend(14) v.想要,打算,企图36.knowledge(14) n.①知识,学识;②知道,了解37.nature(14) n.①自然界,大自然;②性质,本性38.professional(14) adj.职业的,专业的,专门的n.专家,专业人员★出现次数13次39.ability n.①能力,智能;②才能,才干40.advantage n.①优点,有利条件;②利益,好处v.有利于,使获利41.advocate n.提倡者,鼓吹者v.提倡,鼓吹42.approach v.靠近,接近,邻近n.①方法,途径;②探讨43.attention n.①注意(力),留心;②立正44.attitude n.①(to, towards)态度, 看法;②姿势45.consequence n.①结果,后果,影响;②重要性46.emotion n.情绪,情感47.environment n.环境,外界48.evidence n.①根据,证据;②形迹,迹象49.federal adj.联邦的50.inflation n.通货膨胀51.potential a.①潜在的,可能的;②势的,位的n.潜能,潜力52.proct n.①产品,产物;②乘积;③结果,后果53.substance n.①物质,实质;②大意;③财产,财物54.tradition n.传统,惯例2019年考研英语写作,80个高频短语及句式1.随着经济的繁荣 with the booming of the economy2.随着人民生活水平的显著提高with the remarkable improvement of people's living standard3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology4.为我们日常生活增添了情趣add much spice / flavor to our daily life5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed th…6.我同意前者(后者)观点I give my vote to the former / latter opinion7.引起了广泛的公众关注sth. has aroused wide public concern. /sth. has drawn great public attention .8.不可否认It is undeniable that …9.热烈的讨论/争论heated discussion / debate10.有争议性的问题a controversial issue11.就我而言就个人而言As far as I am concerned, /Personally,12.有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons13.双方的论点argument on both sides14.发挥日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in15.对...必不可少be indispensable to16.正如谚语所说As the proverb goes17.对..产生有利/不利的影响exert positive / negative effects on18.利远远大于弊 The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages19.导致,引起lead to / give rise to/contribute to / result in20.复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon21责任感/成就感sense of responsibility /achievement22.竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation23.开阔眼界widen one's horizon/broaden one' s vision24学习知识和技能knowledge and skills25经济/心理负担financial burden/psychological burden26.考虑到诸多因素take factors into consideration27.从另一个角度from perspective28做出共同努力make joint efforts29.对...有益be beneficial to / be concive to .30为社会做贡献contributions to the society31.打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for ....32综合素质comprehensive quality33.致力于/投身于be committed/devoted to ...34.应当承认Admittedly35.不可推卸的义务unshakable ty36.满足需求satisfy / meet the needs of...37.可靠的信息源a reliable source of information38.宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources39.因特网the Internet40.方便快捷convenient and efficient41在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life42环保的材料environmentally friendly materials43.社会进步的体现: a symbol of society progress44.大大方便了人们的生活 sth. has greatly facilitated people' S lives45.对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue46.在一定程度上to some extent47.理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice48...必然趋势 an irresistible trend of49.日益激烈的社会竞争the increasingly keen social competition50.眼前利益 immediate interest/short-term interest51.长远利益long-term interest52....有其自身的优缺点..has its own merits and demerits/pros and cons53.对...有害 do harm to/ be harmful to/be detrimental to54.交流思想/情感/信息exchange ideas/emotions/information55.跟上...的最新发展 keep pace with/keep abreast with the latest development of...56. ..的健康发展the healthy development of..57.重视attach great importance to…58.社会地位social status59.把时间和精力放在...上focus one’s time and energy on...60.扩大知识面expand one' s scope of knowledge61.身心两方面both physically and mentally62.有直接/间接关系 be directly/indirectly related to...63导致很多问题give rise to/ lead to /spell various problems64.可以替代think的词believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold on the opinion/ belief/view that65.缓解压力/减轻负担relieve stress/burden66.优先考虑/发展…give (top) priority to sth.67.与...比较compared with …/ in comparison with68.可降解的/可分解的材料degradable / decomposable material69.代替replace / substitute / take the place of70.注定要be bound to71.反映了社会进步的mirror the social progress/advance72.增进互相了解enhance /promote mutual understanding73.充分利用 make full use of /take advantage of74.承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure75.保障社会稳定和繁荣guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society76.更多强调put more emphasis on…77.适应社会发展adapt oneself to the social development78.实现梦想realize one' s dream79.主要理由列举如下The main/leading reasons are listed as follows80.我们还有很长的路要走We still have along way to go.考研英语高频词组1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey) 忠于;遵守;2. be absent from....缺席,不在;3. absence or mind(= being absent-minded) 心不在焉;4. absorb(=take up the attention of) 吸引..的注意力;(被动语态)be absorbed in全神贯注于...be engrossed in; be lost in; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ;be centered on;5. (be) abundant in(be rich in…be well supplied with)富于,富有;6. access(to) (不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解;7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外;Without accident(=safely)安全地;8. of one' s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地;9. in accord with 5与...一致;out of one' s accord with同...不一致;10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地;11. in accordance with (=in agreement with)依照,根据;12. on one' s own account (1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益(2) (=at one' s own risk)自行负责(3) (= by oneself)依靠自己on account赊账;on account of因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;13. take...into account(=consider)把..考虑进去;14. give sb. an account of说明,解释(理由);15. account for解释,说明. (=give an explanation or reason for);16. on account of (= because of)由于,因为;17. on no account (=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装);18. accus...of.. .指控,控告=charge...with; blame sb. for sth. ;blame sth. on sb. ; complain about;19. be accustomed to(=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于;20. be acquainted with (=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially )熟悉;21. act on奉行,按照...行动;act as扮演; act for代理;22. adapt oneself to (=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于;23. adapt(for)改编,改写(以适应新的需要)(= make sth. suitable for a new need);24. in addition (= besides)此外,又,加之;25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除..外;26. adhere to粘附;坚持,遵循 (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief );27. adjacent(=next to, close to)毗邻的,临近的;28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节;适应;29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) ..的可能,留有..的余地;30. in advance (before in time)预告,事先;31. to advantage有利的,使优点更加突出地;32. have an advantage over胜过.have the advantage of由...处于有利条件;have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事;33. take advantage of利用. (= make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness);34. agree with赞同(某人意见);agree to同意;35. in agreement (with)同意,一致;36. ahead of在..之前,超过........ahead of time提前;37. in the air (1)不肯定,不具体;(2)在谣传中;38. above all尤其是,最重要的;(=especially, most important of all)39. in all 总共,总计(=counting everyone or everything, altogether);40. after all 毕竟,到底;(not) at all一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all只此一次;above all 最重要的;first ofall首先; all in all大体上说;be all in累极了; all but几乎;41. allow for考虑到,估计到(=take into consideration, take into account);42. amount to (=to be equal to)总计,等于;43. answer for对..负责.(undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for);44. answer to (=conform to)适合,符合.;45. be anxious about为..焦急不安;或anxious for;46. apologize to sb. for sth.为....道歉;47. appeal to sb. for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力;48. apply to sb. for sth.为....申请;apply for申请; apply to适用;49. apply to与..有关;适用;50. approve of赞成(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)approve vt. 批准;51. arise from(= be caused by) .由..引起.;52. arrange for sb. to do sth.安排..做...53. arrive on到达;arrive at到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrive in到达某地(大地方);54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done)以…为羞耻;55. assure sb. of sth.向.. 保证,使.确信;(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join)缚,系,结;57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.)试图做...58. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料;59. attitude to toward ..对...的态度,看法;60. attribute...to... (=to believe sth. to be the result of...把..归因...;认为…是..的结果;61. on the average平均 (=on average, on an average);62. (be) aware of意识到,知道;(= be conscious of, having knowledge or consciousness)63. at the back of (=behind)在...后面;64. in the back of在...后部(里面);on the back of在...后部(外面);be on one' s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起;65. at one' s back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持维护;have sb. at one' s back有...支持,有..作后台;66. turn one' s back on sb.(=turn away from sb. in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃;67. behind one' s back背着某人(说坏话);68. be based on upon 基于;69. on the basis of根据...在..基础上;70. beat…at在..运动项目上打赢;71. begin with .以..开始;to begin with;72. on behalf of(=as the representative of)以…名义;73. believe in相信,依赖,信仰 (=have faith or trust in;consider sth.sb. to be true) ;74. benefit (from)受益,得到好处;75. for the benefit of为了..的利益(好处);76. for the better好转;77. get the better of (=defeat sb.)打败,胜过;78. by birth在出生上,论出身,按血统;at birth在出生时; give birth to出生;79. blame sb. for sth.因.. .责备某人;blame sth. on sb.把..推在某人身上;80. in blossom开花(指树木);be in blossom开花(强调状态);come into blossom开花(强调动作);81. on board到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机;82. boast of (or about)吹嘘;83. out of breath喘不过气来;84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之;85. in bulk成批地,不散装的;86. take the floor起立发言;87. on business出差办事;88. be busy with sth. 忙于某事;be busy doing sth.忙于做某事;89. last but one倒数第二;90. but for (=without)要不是,表示假设;91. buy sth. for.. money 用多少钱买;92. be capable of能够,有能力;be capable of being +过去分词,是能够被..的;93. in any case无论如何(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost , whatever happens; anyhow);94. in case (=for fear that)万一;95. in case of(=in the event of)如果发生..万一;in the case of至于....就..而言;96. in no case 在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句);97. be cautious of谨防;98. center one' s attention on (=focus one’S attention on)把某人的注意力集中在...上;99. be certain of (=be sure of)有把握,一定;100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地;101. by chance(= accidentally, by accident)偶然;102. for a change换换环境(花样等);103. charge sb. with ..控告某人犯有...104. in charge of (=responsible for)负责(某事);in the charge of ...管…105. take charge of(=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾);106. charge…for因..索取(费用);charge sb. with sth.控告某人犯有...107. round the clock昼夜不停地 ;(=all day and all night, usually without stopping)108. comment on评论;109. commit oneself to使自己承担... commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱;commit one’s idea to writing把某人的想法写下来;commit a matter to a committee把某事交给委员会讨论;110. in common (...)有共同之处,共用;be common to sb.是与某人所共有的;111. keep company with(=be friendly and go out together)和…要好;112. compare…with ... 把.. .与..比较;113. comer....把..比作...114. by comparison比较起来;115. in comparison with(=in contrast to)和…比起来;116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿,赔偿;弥补;compensate sb. for sth.赔偿,弥补;117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.)向某人抱怨…complain (抱怨);complement (补充);compliment 恭维;118. comply with遵守,依从; (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc.)119. conceive of (think of, imagine, consider)想象,设想;120. concentrate on (or upon)集中,专心;121. be concerned with (=about)与...有关;122. concern oneself about with 关心;123. in conclusion (=as the last thing)最后一点;at the conclusion of当... 结束时;124. condemn sb. to判决;125. on condition that以...为条件,假如;in that = because因为; now that = since既然;for all that = although尽管。今天小编给大家贡献历年考研英语高频词汇,希望这些资料能对大家有所帮助,如果学长学姐还需要什么别的考研资料或者没有时间去弄的资料,可以底下留言区留言我们小编,小编会尽最大的努力,为学长学姐们做好这个服务工作。
19 resident n.居民adj.居住的,常驻的20 haunting adj.常浮现:于脑海中的,不易忘怀的21 spiriual adj精神上的22 claw n.爪,脚爪 v抓23 consistently 一贯地,一 向,始终如一地24 deserve vt应受,值得 V.应受25 ll adj.感觉或理解迟钝的,无趣的,呆滞的,阴暗的vt.使迟饨,使阴暗,缓和 vi变迟钝,减少26 loneliness n.孤独,寂寞27 welcome n.欢迎 vt.欢迎 int.欢迎 adj.受欢迎的28 harsh adj.粗糙的,荒芜的,苛刻的,刺耳的,刺目的29 frontier n.国境,边疆,边境30 charitable adj.仁慈的,(为)慈善事业的,宽恕的31 impulse n.推动,刺激,冲动,推动力 vt.推动32 weary adj.疲倦的;厌倦的,令人厌烦的,疲劳v.疲倦, 厌倦,厌烦33 hospitality n.好客,宜人,盛情34 casual adj.偶然的,不经意的,临时的35 interpret v.解释,说明,口译,通译,认为是…….的意思36 superficial adj.表面的,肤浅的,浅薄的37 artificial adj人造的,假的,非原产地的38 historically 在历史上.从历史观点上说39 complex adj.复杂的,合成的,综合的n.联合体40 assumption n.假定,设想,担任,承当,假装,作态41 interrelationship 相互关系[联系,影响],于扰
[A] The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.狄更斯发现他的第一部随笔,《白杨庄晚宴》,在每月杂志上刊登的时候,使他热泪盈眶。从那以后他就用笔名博兹发表随笔,刊登在《夜晚记事》上,让他小有名气。sketch文学速写,随笔chronicle编年史modest轻微的,不太多的bring tears to sb’s eyes使某人落泪from then on从那时开始[B] The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.《匹克威克外传》的巨大成功,为狄更斯赢得了名声。有匹克威克大衣和匹克威克雪茄,并且那个胖胖的,戴着眼镜的男主人公,塞缪尔匹克威克成为了一个享誉全国的人物。runaway success巨大的成功spectacled戴眼镜的plump胖胖的secure保证hero男主人公[C] Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt, was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837 and was first published in book form in 1837.《博兹札记》出版后不久,一家出版公司接触狄更斯想让他以每月连载的方式写一个故事,作为当时著名艺术家西摩的木刻画的背景,他最初构想的这个故事。带着特意的自信,狄更斯坚称西摩的版画是为他自己的故事配图。在第一期连载之后,狄更斯给这位艺术家写信让他更改绘画,因为他觉得版画与他的故事不符。西摩做了更改,回到后院,用自杀的方式表达自己的不满。狄更斯和出版商直接换了一个新的艺术家继续工作,这部喜剧小说,《匹克威克俱乐部遗稿》,在1836到1837年以连载的方式出现,并且于1837年首次出版成书。installment分期连载的部分backdrop背景originate初始characteristic独特的,特有的illustrate给…插图做说明prose散文posthumous死后发生的,死后出版的approach…to向…接洽be faithful to sth忠实于press on坚定地继续工作[D] Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer, Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.对于很多人来说,查尔斯狄更斯可能是19世纪最有名最伟大的英国小说家,他是一个道德家,一个讽刺作家,和一个社会改革者。狄更斯精心制作的复杂的故事情节和突出的人物描绘了了英语社会的全景。moralist卫道士satirist讽刺作家craft精心制作plot情节striking吸引人的capture用文章准确表达描述panorama全景,全貌[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.他父亲从监狱出来后不久,狄更斯获得一个不错的工作——在律师事务所当跑腿,他自学速记,获得了一个更好的工作——在议会当记者和在法庭当速记员,在此时间,狄更斯用记者的眼光记录他身边的生活,尤其是有趣的古怪的事情,投了一些短篇初稿给那些不太出名的杂志。shorthand速记stenographer速记员obscure无名的,模糊的teach oneself自学submit…to…提交[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British Navy Pay office -- a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper, possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens's greatest wound and became his deepest secret.He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.狄更斯出生于朴茨茅斯,英国南海岸。他的父亲是一个英国海军出纳室的职员,一个体面的职位,但是没有社会地位,他的爷爷和奶奶,一个是男管家一个是女管家,更没有什么社会地位,都是仆人,狄更斯后来隐藏了他们的身份背景。狄更斯的母亲据说来自一个体面的家庭,然而两年后,狄更斯出生之前,他的母亲的爸爸因为偷盗被抓而逃往欧洲,再也没有回来。家庭的日益贫困使狄更斯12岁辍学在华伦黑鞋油工厂工作,这家鞋油工厂的孩子们嘲笑他是“年轻的绅士”,他的父亲由于债务问题之后被关进监狱,他父亲入狱的耻辱和他在黑鞋油厂的当劳工的痛苦成为他此生最大的伤害也是内心最深处的秘密。他甚至都不对妻子吐露这个秘密,尽管这些经历为他的小说提供了潜在的基础。paternal父亲一方的steward男管家housekeeper女管家blacking黑鞋油imprison关押,监禁humiliation耻辱confide吐露(秘密),倾诉unacknowledged未被承认的pay office 出纳室shoe-polish鞋油be caught doing sth被抓到正在做某事[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, he traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.在匹克威克外传之后,狄更斯投入到了一个更灰暗的世界,《雾都孤儿》,他追踪了一个孤儿从济贫院到伦敦犯罪贫民窟的历程,《尼古拉斯尼克贝》,融合了雾都孤儿的黑暗和匹克威克的阳光,这些享誉盛名的小说奠定了狄更斯作为国内和国际著名作家的地位。belak阴郁的,凄凉的orphan孤儿workhouse救济院slum贫民窟consolidate巩固,加强combine A with B将A和B结合起来consolidate sb as巩固某人作为…的地位man of letters文人,作家做法:1.通读全文,确定本文是传记,传记就按照时间顺序排列2.从给的已知段落,寻找上下文,使逻辑衔接3.通读检验正确语序:DFEACBG