2016考研英语二阅读全篇翻译

英语一 翻译2019英语一翻译讲述医疗杂志文章质量下降这样一个现象，并分析了原因及危害，以及呼吁我们应该做什么。这和考研英语作文一样的结构——提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。我们来聊聊考察语言点的变化。首先，49题考查对虚拟语气的正确理解和翻译。这是英语一1997年以来首次考查复杂虚拟语气的翻译！这表明，不能因为历年真题没有考查过就认定不会考。考生需要掌握英语所有常见语法知识点，方可应对英译汉。其次，47题考查比较结构，这是历史上第一次考查带有倍数的比较结构，并且第二比较项中的"would have done"这种带推测的动词形式在翻译中几乎没有考查过，而且也不作为阅读理解的考点。所以考生并没有予以重视，预计得分率很低。然后是词汇方面。英译汉每年都考查大量的多义词、派生词和固定用法，今年也不例外。比如46题中的多义词"lay"、复合形容词"short-lived"；49题中的多义词"associates"以及固定用法"in return for"；还有，50题中的派生词"reprocible"和"incentivize"。以上都会给考场中紧张的考生造句困难。杨凡达老师预计今年的英译汉难度系数会在0.35-0.4之间，与去年持平或略简单。46）There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms.参考译文：这些医学杂志中包含大量这种无稽之谈，如果广播电台和非专业媒体对此信以为真并加以报道，这将引发人们的健康恐慌以及短期的饮食热潮。难点1："nonsense"。直接翻译成“废话”扣分，因为在这句中不是那层意思。原文前面说每周吃超过多少克的西兰花会导致年纪大了后更容易贫血。其实我们平常在新闻中看到类似的言论有很多。作者的意思是这些都是扯淡，没有严谨的科学依据。所以这里的"nonsense"译为“无稽之谈”要好一些。难点2：短语"take up"的意思是“接受并开始做/从事某事”。意思是这些广播电台听信了这样的说法就会如何如何。难点3："the lay press"中的"lay"是难点，不是我们熟知的“放置、铺设”等的意思。"lay"在这里做形容词，表示“非专业的，外行的”，所以"layman"这个词表示“门外汉”。这里的"the lay press"指的是非专业媒体，大概就是那种野鸡媒体。难点4："short-lived"可根据其本身和上下文来猜测其大概含义。"short"表示短，"lived"表示活着，所以"short-lived"大概意思是“短命的”，在这里引申为“短暂的，为期不长的”。47）nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would otherwise have been required for the same post only 10 years ago.参考译文：现如今，任何一个申请研究岗位的人事先必须发表论文的数量，是10年前申请同一岗位所需论文数量的两倍。难点1：处理这句话中的比较结构。通读句子，我们大概得到的信息是“A是B的两倍”，只是如何把这句话翻的通顺是需要思考的。难点2："would otherwise have been"是后半句的难点，"otherwise"字面意思是“否则”，但如果润色到位可以不用翻译出来。但"would have done"这种特殊的谓语形式，其实很多同学会觉得比较难。这个结构表示“合理推测”，在虚拟语气中经常出现，比如"I would have been a programmer but end up being an English teacher."(我本可以成为一名程序员，结果却当了英语老师)。在这句话中，用"would have been"表示如果是十年前，本可以怎么样怎样。48）Attempts have been made to curb this kind of tendency to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant's published papers.参考译文：人们已经尝试扭转这种趋势，比如除发表数量外，在评估申请人已发表论文时引入与质量挂钩的衡量标准。难点1：被动语态"have been made"如何处理。我在翻译课反复强调被动语态的处理方法，主要手段有将“被”字转译为其它汉子或将被动语态转为主动语态亦或者总体换一个说法。考生在考场上需要做的是用这几种方法去尝试，合理通顺即可。这一句的"Attempts have been made to …"可译为“人们已经尝试…”。难点2："as well as"。很多人以为这是“而且”的意思，可以代替"and"，但这只是它的其中一种用法。我记得我在某课中讲解过"as well as"的另一种用法——表示“除…之外还有…”，在句子中充当定语。在48题中，如果我们将"as well as"理解为第一种情况，"some measure of quality as well as quantity"的意思是“某种质量和数量的衡量标准”。好像没太明白是什么意思，对不对？上下文告诉我们，因为只看论文数量导致大家拼命写论文而导致质量下降，所以我们已经采取了一些搜段来改变这种状况，那不就是应该在数量之外引入新的衡量标准，比如论文质量。所以"as well as"在这里符合第二种情况，表示“除…之外还有…”。考生在考场上需要迅速做出这样的判断，难度比较大，所以杨老师认为这0.5分很多考生拿不到。难点3："an applicant's published papers"。这个语言点考得很细，考查过去分词的语义。过去分词可以表“完成”或“被动”，考生需要根据语境判断。这里所说的“申请者的论文”指什么？第47句告诉我们申请者需要在申请之前发表一定数量的论文。根据这一点，我们可以断定"published"在这里表示完成，那么"an applicant's published papers"指“申请者已经发表的论文”。49）This would be reasonable enough if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors.参考译文：这种做法本应该是合理的，但事实上，科学家可以轻易在未来发表文章中引用自己写的文章，或者和同行约定引用对方的文章。难点1：如何翻译虚拟语气（非真实条件句）？简单的诸如"If I were you, I would buy the car"（如果我是你，我会买这辆车。）很好处理。但49这一题比较复杂，其核心结构是"This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that …"，大致可以翻译为“如果不是因为这样一个事实，这会是合理的”。不过，因为“事实”对应的内容非常长，而且“如果…这会是…”也不太符合汉语表达习惯，所以杨凡达老师将其润色为“这种做法本应该是合理的，但事实上，…”难点2："associates"为多义词，通常做动词表示“联系”，在这里做名词用表示“同事”。难点3："similar favors"。这个短语的字面意思是“相类似的好处”。如果不结合上下文，很难明白这个短语真正想表达什么。前文说“开始引入论文质量衡量体系”，这本是件好事。但所谓道高一尺魔高一丈，研究者会利用机制漏洞继续发表低质量作文，也就是"the fact that …"之后的内容。比如，他们会在新文章中引用自己发表的文章已增加影响因子，或者和同事约定好互相引用，也就对应到原文"get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors"（让同事写论文时引用自己的文章，好处就是自己也去引用对方的文章）。50）If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reprocible, we must ensure that our institutions incentivize that kind of science.参考译文：如果我们认真地想确保我们的科学研究是有意义的，并且可以被后人反复利用，我们就必须保证我们的制度鼓励大家做这样的研究。难点1：如何翻译"reprocible"？这是一个超纲词，但并不“犯规”。意思是，这个单词由常见词根词缀构成——"re = again + proce = make + ible = be able to"。因此，这个单词的字面含义是“可再生的，可复制的，可繁殖的”，也就是“能够再次生产”。不过我们若将"our science is reprocible"翻译为“我们的科学是可再生/复制/繁殖的”显然不妥。那么，作者到底想表达什么？我们还需要借助上下文。整篇文章说医学界论文质量大幅下降，发表的都是“垃圾”，说明这些论文一文不值，对于社会进步没有任何帮助。而好的论文应该可被利用的，比如利用论文成果开发产品改善生活质量、或者给后续科研提供理论基础等等。所以，我将其翻译为“可被后人反复利用”难点2：超纲词"incentivize"。熟悉的配方，熟悉的味道，这依然是由常见词根词缀构成的单词。"incentive"是考研大纲收入的名词，意思是“鼓励、激励”，而"ize"是常见动词后缀，那么"incentivize"理论上可理解为“鼓励、激励”这个动作，而且这也符合原文语境。总结：英语一英译汉板块依然是整张试卷最难的板块，但在这部分上拿到不错分数也并非不可能。我们需要的是方法和态度。方法指的是了解英译汉命题规律和考点，比如一直重点考查的多义词、派生词和固定用法，以及今年首次考查的虚拟语气等。那么我们在背单词阶段的态度应该有所转变。比如，我们需要积累常见词根、词缀以便结合上下文猜测出超纲词的含义，我们还需要积累常见单词的生僻含义以及单词组合起来构成的固定用法（成语）。而且我们在做这些训练的同时，提升的绝对不只是英译汉能力，同时提高的还有阅读理解能力和写作能力。英语二 翻译It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot. He has such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say “I could write a book. I just haven’t the time.” Easily said. Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game.”While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading. Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.参考译文：英国作家吉米哈利的实力容易被低估。他的作品讨喜且通俗易懂以致大家觉得任何人都可以模仿。“我可以写书，我只是没时间。”这种话我听过无数次。说起来容易，做起来却没那么简单。按照吉米哈利自己的说法，他在“尝试写作这种游戏”的初期并不顺利，这与大众对他的看法刚好相反。虽然大家都知道他才华横溢，但他带个世人的精彩作品都是多年阅读、练习以及不断重写的成果。和绝大数作家一样，他这一路必然有很多次被拒稿的失望经历，但这些使他对成功更加坚定。哈利一生中每一次成功都来之不易，在文学界的成就也不例外。【详细解析】和2018年真题类似，这一年翻译文章是对知名人物的介绍，文字难度低，通俗易懂，难度基本与2018持平。英语二翻译总体难度比英语一低，但每年得分率也不超过60%，这是因为字里行间中有一些细小的单词、短语、结构较难理解或润色，而这些点是阅卷者阅卷时的重点关注对象，也是得分或扣分的关键。从2010-2019这十年翻译真题，我们不断得出一个结论：重视英语基本功。这指的是对英语单词在特定语境中的理解、掌握常见的固定用法、以及了解英语和汉语在表达时的区别等等。英语二翻译价值15分，不容小觑，希望2020考研考生认真对待。1. It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot.这句话中包含的句型"It is easy to do something"通常译为“做某事很简单”，所以这句可直译为“低谷英国作家"James Herriot"很简单”。但这不够通顺，所以我们要对其润色，比如“英国作家"James Herriot"很容易被低估”，这就好比我们会把"It is easy to learn English"译为“英语很容易学”的原理是一样的。另外"James Herriot"这个名字可以不译，也可以根据读音译为詹姆斯哈里亚特（请参考007"James Bond"的译名）。尽管这个作家在国内早已约定翻译为吉米哈利，但译为“詹姆斯哈里亚特”不扣分。2. He has such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it.前半句直译成“他有如此的令人愉悦的、可读的风格”显然不妥。首先，我们在这里讨论他的作品风格，而不是他本人性格，所以"pleasant, readable"描述他的作品而非作者，因此我们可以将pleasant润色为“讨喜”，并将"readable"译为“通俗易懂”。3. How many times have I heard people say “I could write a book. I just haven't the time.”词句包含直接引语，这部分独立不可分割，我们可以先译出来——我可以写书，我只是没有时间。前半句的意思是多次听人们说这样一句话，所以整句话可译为：我听过多少次人们说“我可以写书，我只是没有时间”。也可以先翻译直接引语，再总结式地翻译前半句：“我可以写书，只是没时间。”这种话我听过无数次。4. Easily said. Not so easily done.省略句，源自成句"easily said than done"(说起来比做起来容易)，原句为"It is easily said. It is not so easily done." 因为在这篇文章中，原本的成语一分为二，翻译时也可以如此断句——说起来容易，但做起来没那么简单。5. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game.”这句话包含两个插入成分。首先是"contrary to popular opinion"（与大众观点相反的是），这是一个句子状语，通常放在句首，偶尔像这句话一样，放在主语和谓语之间。在翻译的时候，放在句首符合汉语表达习惯。后面的"as he put it"（就像他所说的）是一个状语从句，但插入在of和后面的直接引语之间，造句理解困难。将这个成分剥离，我们可以看到剩下部分in his early days of “having a go at the writing game”其实是一个时间状语，修饰主干成分。在翻译"as he put it"时，要考虑放在整句话哪个位置。放在原句那个位置显然不妥；其实我们根据汉语的语感，这种表达要么放句首起引领作用，要么放句尾起总结作用，但句首已经有了“与大众观点相反的是”，所以两者都放句首造成冲突。那么我们考虑将"as he put it"放句尾，但这样一来无论怎么润色都不通顺，所以我们考虑将它放句首并将"contrary to popular opinion"从而润色为“这与大众观点相反”。如此一来，整句话就通顺了。6. While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading.连词"while"放置于句首，多半情况下表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。从句中"natural talent"字面含义为“自然的才能”，也就是“天赋”的意思。另外，"an abundance of"的字面意思是“丰富的，大量的”，但搭配“天赋”不够通顺。冷静下来想一想，所谓的“丰富大量的天赋”不就是“才华横溢”嘛。主干部分都主语说的是他的作品。"Polished"一词原本指“经过打磨的”，但修饰作品时则表示“精彩的”。7. Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed.连词"but"之前的句子不太好润色。"Many disappointments and rejections"直译的结果是“多次失望和拒绝”。我们需要结合文章背景来做进一步理解：这位作家并非年少成名，而偏向大器晚成。那么一个这样的作家在早期必然经历很多挫折，比如像J.K.罗琳那样写的很多稿件被出版社拒之门外，从而无比失望了，这不就对应到"many disappointments和rejections"嘛。那么我们可以将这部分润色为“他这一路必然有很多次被拒稿/稿件被拒的失望经历”8. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.前半句考查固定用法"earn … the hard way"，意思是“做到某事来之不易”。同学们可能没见过这种用法，但根据"the hard way"和全文大意也能猜测出大概含义。后半句也包含一个固定句子结构"X be no exception"，意思是“X也不例外”，这个短语在阅读真题中出现过，做过相应文章的同学应该不陌生，可以轻松翻译出来。最后，祝大家圣诞节快乐。

2020考研英语二翻译【真题原题】It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they are not really living at all But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up t0 us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as "the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something; we can choose to look for the lesson were meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they are how we grow, and how we keep form making that same mistake again Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.【参考译文】人生中不经历一些失败几乎是不可能的。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们。我们可以选择把失败看作是 ”世界末日 ”,或者我们可以把失败看作是常有的的极好的学习机会。每当我们在某件事上失败的时候,我们可以选择寻找我们应该吸取的教训。这些教训非常重要,它们是我们成长的方式,也是我们避免再犯同样的错误的方法。只有我们选择放弃的时候失败才能够阻止我们。失败也可以让我们更好地认识自己，如果没有失败我们决不可能认识到这样的自己。比如,失败可以让你发现你有多么强大。在某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现你最真诚的朋友,或者帮助你找到意想不到的通往成功的动力。-----------------------------------分割线-----------------------------------------------------对完答案，不论结果是好是坏，希望你能放松心态。人生时时都在面对考试，所谓考研，也不过是人生考试的一部分，所以，一定要坚强面对，加油！20考研已经完了，21考研的小伙伴也该准备起来了，这里给大家推荐一些考研英语专用书单：单词书：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》（按考频划了频考词、基础词、偶考词和超纲词4类单词，重点记频考词和基础词，挺省时间的。）真题书：英一只推荐《考研真相》，英语二就用《考研圣经》（真题文章都是逐句图示细讲的，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂文章，还有就是排除干扰项，提高做题的正确率，适合基础弱的人用。）写作书：英一《写作160篇》，英二《写作宝中宝》（很适合英语基础不太好的同学，里面有总结高分词汇、基础句型，还有经典模板之类的，可以先从词、句、段、篇开始学会写作文，然后再学习书里话题、句式、模板、思路，写一些有亮点的高分作文。）

It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they're not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world,” or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something，we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they’re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.人生几乎不可能不经历某种失败。没有经历失败的人可能生活得过于谨慎，以至于也不会有什么成就。简单地说，他们根本就没有真正地生活。然而，失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们自己。我们可以选择把失败看作是“世界末日”，或者是我们能力不足的证明。或者，我们可以把它看作是难以置信的学习经验，它经常是如此。每当我们在某件事上失败时，我们可以选择寻找我们应该学到的教训。这些教训非常重要，它们是我们成长以及避免再次犯同样错误的方式。失败只有在我们允许的情况下才能阻止我们。失败也可以教会我们一些关于我们自己的东西，如果没有失败，我们永远也学不到这些东西。例如，失败可以帮助你发现你是多么强大。某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现最真诚的朋友，或者帮助你找到通向成功意想不到的动力。

考研英语二翻译We tend to think that friends and family members are our biggest source of connection, laughter and warmth. While that may well be true, researchers have also recently found that interacting with strangers actually brings a boost in mood and feelings of belonging that we didn’t expect.In one series of studies, researchers instructed Chicago-area commuters using public transportation to strike up a conversation with someone near them. On average, participants who followed this instruction felt better than those who had been told to stand or sit in silence. The researchers also argued that when we shy away from casual interactions with strangers, it is often e to a misplaced anxiety that they might not want to talk to us. Much of the time, however, this belief is false. As it turns out, many people are actually perfectly willing to talk—and may even be flattered to receive your attention.◆【参考译文】我们倾向于认为朋友和家人是我们交往、欢笑和温暖的最大来源。虽然这可能是真的，但研究人员最近也发现，与陌生人互动实际上会带来在情绪和归属感方面的意外提升。在一系列研究中，研究人员让芝加哥地区乘坐公共交通工具的通勤者与旁边的人搭讪。 平均而言，遵循这一指令的参与者比那些被告知安静地站着或坐着的人感觉更好。研究人员还认为，当我们羞于与陌生人进行随意的互动时，往往是因为一种无谓的焦虑，担心他们可能不想和我们说话。然而，很多时候，这种想法是错误的。事实证明，许多人实际上非常愿意交谈，甚至可能因为能得到你的关注而感到荣幸。21考研已经结束，打算22考研的同学，可以先准备啦！搜集复习资料【考研英语】单词：《考研词汇闪过》，按考频划重点，省时间真题：英一《考研真相》（4件套）英二《考研圣经》（4件套）基础打不牢，越学越煎熬英语基础弱（比如六级低分漂过的）直接用这个书，每个句子都图示讲解的（包括每个长难句），重点单词有解释，真的能跟着它看进去书，看懂文章这样才方便下一步做题。其他真题书都个别句子讲的，你能确保你看不懂的书上刚好很巧就能讲到吗专业课资料研招网或目标院校参考书复习方法笔记、历年真题可以联系往届学长学姐或到公众号搜集

2019年考研初试英语二阅读试题答案及解析text12019考研英语(二)阅读真题Text1是关于内疚的好处的文章，第一篇文章总体不难，文都教育的英语老师就第一篇阅读答案给大家做了解析，为了方便核对，我们将选项也对应给出。阅读理解Text1 答案21. [C] foster a child’s moral development22. [B] burdensome23. [D] an emotion can play opposing roles24. [B] can result from either sympahty or guilt25. [D] wrongdoings解析：21. 根据题干Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help______.内容定位到第一段最后一句This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing. 由最后一句的this指代词，可知原因在第一段的前几句，根据第一句Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. 和第二句Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. 可知内疚不是天生的，而是和一个孩子的道德规范有关，是通过后天学习获得的。因此答案是C 选项 foster a child’s moral development。22. 根据题干According to paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be______.定位到第二段第一句In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. 另外第二句It is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. 也进一步解释了第一句。由这两句可知许多人认为内疚是不好的，令人不舒服的，让人感觉沉重，就像是衣服口袋里有石头一样，因此答案为B选项burdensome。23. 根据题干Vaish hold that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that______.中的关键词Vaish定位到第二段第四句，根据第四句中的adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. 可知这种复兴是更大的认识的一部分，即情绪不是二元情感，在一个情境中有利的情绪，在一个情景中可能是有害的。其中第4句中的revival和题干中的rethinking对应，第四句中的recognition和题干中的awareness对应，因此答案是D 选项 an emotion can play opposing roles。24. 根据题干Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _______. 定位到第四段第三句 In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. 根据第三句可知内疚和和同情可能代表了通往合作和分享的不同的路径。可以得出，答案是B 选项can result from either sympahty or guilt。25. 根据题干中的关键词transgressions可以定位到第五段第二句Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. 根据第二句中的 feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. 可以看到negative emotions 来源于transgressions. 而negative emotions表示负面情绪是贬义的，因此对比4个选项，可以得出答案是D选项wrongdoings.以上就是文都教育考研老师为各位考生带来的2019考研英语二阅读Text 1的答案解析，文都教育考研英语老师预祝大家考上理想的学校。（来源：文都教育）

Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they're not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible 1earning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something. we can choose to 1ook for the lesson we re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again.Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have 1earned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed .[参考译文]人的一生总要经历一些失败。有些人生活极其小心翼翼(谨慎)以至于他们那儿也没过。简言之，他们根本没生活过。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，这完全取决于我们看待方式。我们可以选择视失败为“世界末日”，或仅是我们能力不足的证明，亦或可以将其看学习经验，尽管有点让人难以置信。每次的失败，我们都能选择把它看作本要掌握的经验。这些经验十分重要，它们关乎我们如何成长以及如何避免再次犯错。只有我们允许失败阻拦我们时，它才会阻止我们前行。失败也让我们更加了解自己，而这些是我们之前从未意识到的。例如，失败让我们自己是多么强大，失败也能帮你发现真正的朋友，或者帮你发现通往成功的出乎意料的动力。真题出来了，答案对完了，心情还好吗？考研英语还是有难度的，加上考研人数年年增加，今年已经突破400万，后面的形势会越来越严峻。21考研的小伙伴要好好准备，尤其英语，每年放倒多少英雄好汉（捂脸哭）。不过还是相信人艰不拆，上岸书单送给大家：单词书《考研词汇闪过》，按照考频划重点，频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，一目了然，清晰好记。真题书：英一《考研真相》，英二《考研圣经》，逐词逐句图解文章超详细，不用再翻工具书，英语渣的神助攻。作文书：英一《写作160篇》，英二《写作宝中宝》，高分词汇，基础句型，经典模板应有尽有，好背又好用。关注微信公众号“巨微考研英语”，获取更多备考资料！

第一部分：英语一。1.There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms.解析：这些医学杂志中包含大量这种无稽之谈，如果广播电台和非专业媒体对此信以为真并加以报道，这将引发人们的健康恐慌以及短期的饮食热潮。2.nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would otherwise have been required for the same post only 10 years ago.解析：现如今，任何一个申请研究岗位的人事先必须发表论文的数量，是10年前申请同一岗位所需论文数量的两倍。3.Attempts have been made to curb this kind of tendency to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity into the assessment of an applicant published papers.解析：人们已经尝试扭转这种趋势，比如除发表数量外，在评估申请人已发表论文时引入与质量挂钩的衡量标准。as well as很多人以为这是“而且”的意思，可以代替and，as well as还可以表示“除…之外还有…”，在句子中充当定语。4.This would be reasonable enough if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favors.解析：这种做法本应该是合理的，但事实上，科学家可以轻易在未来发表文章中引用自己写的文章，或者和同行约定引用对方的文章。5.If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reprocible, we must ensure that our institutions incentivize that kind of science.解析：如果我们认真地想确保我们的科学研究是有意义的，并且可以被后人反复利用，我们就必须保证我们的制度鼓励大家做这样的研究。第二部分：英语二。It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot. He has such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say “I could write a book. I just haven’t the time.” Easily said. Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game.” While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading. Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.解析：英国作家吉米哈利的实力容易被低估。他的作品讨喜且通俗易懂以致大家觉得任何人都可以模仿。“我可以写书，我只是没时间”，这种话我听过无数次。说起来容易，做起来却没那么简单。按照吉米哈利自己的说法，他在“尝试写作这种游戏”的初期并不顺利，这与大众对他的看法刚好相反。虽然大家都知道他才华横溢，但他带给世人的精彩作品都是多年阅读、练习以及不断重写的成果。和绝大数作家一样，他这一路必然有很多次被拒稿的失望经历，但这些使他对成功更加坚定。哈利一生中每一次成功都来之不易，在文学界的成就也不例外。总之，翻译仍然是英语的重难点，很多同学读不懂，读懂了也翻译不出来真正的意思，翻译出来也可能不会润色……看完以后真是让人头皮发麻。英语二的翻译还好吧，难度和往年也差不多，不知道考英语二的同学们做的怎么样。不过，挺就以为老师说，只要写完整就会有两分的保底分数，听到这些你们会不会欣慰一点呢？

每年四月都会写一篇关于如何正确做阅读精翻的文章给当年考研的小伙伴们看，以确保大家都能正确做精翻，不浪费时间，高效的复习，快速提高英语基本功。今年也不例外，下面我们就来看看考研英语阅读精翻的正确打开方式吧。所谓精翻，顾名思义，就是精确仔细的翻译，对于所有考研的学生来说，大量精翻历年的阅读理解真题文章是有效并快速提升英语基本功及阅读能力的途径。因为可以在精翻过程中巩固词汇，语法知识，练习翻译方法和技巧，提高语言组织和表达能力，更深入的理解文章的内容，丰富不同方面的背景知识，把握篇章整体结构，从而整体提升阅读的能力。所以，精翻绝对是提高英语水平、考研英语拿高分的必经之路。下面老毙就为大家介绍下正确做精翻的四个步骤：第一遍翻译不要查单词，不要翻语法书，就根据自己认识的词，自己的理解翻译，遇到生词就根据语境和上下文去推理和引申，争取推出单词和短语的含义，遇到长而难的复杂句子，要划分下句子结构，找出主从句，分清修饰成分，老毙告诉大家，尽量做到精细化分，然后再一点点的翻译，切忌这一步不要查参考书，一定要自己动手写到纸上，不能仅仅在头脑里想象，那不是做翻译，是在看翻译。第二遍翻译这一遍可以查单词了，把第一遍翻译时不认识的词和短语都查查，看看自己第一遍猜对了没有。如果猜对了，一定记住思路，以后遇到生词时就可以这样猜词义了。如果没猜对，那就从这个单词在词典中的几个意思里选择一个最符合上下文的意思放在文章中去理解。或者是根据语境，在单词基本含义的基础上，对单词的意思进行最符合上下文的推理引申。再就是第一遍分析长难句时如果有不懂的语法现象，翻翻语法书，再重新看看那个长句子到底怎么理解，也就是说在有参考书查阅的情况下再次翻译和修改，应该比第一次翻译的要好了。第三遍翻译这一次可以拿着参考答案的译文来对照了，包括答案中一些对长难句的解析都要看，看看自己欠缺在哪里，是没能根据单词的基本释义推出具体语境的意思，还是长难句理解有问题，没搞清句子结构，主从修饰关系，还是语序没有调整好，语言组织和表达的不够完美等等问题，然后一一改正并记录下来，把该背的单词短语都背下来，然后反思自己的不足，避免下次犯同样的错误，当然，在对照的时候不需要逐字逐句必须和答案完全一致，只要大致意思相同即可。但是语序调整的问题一定要注意。第四遍翻译有了前三遍的基础，相信你一定对文章内容有了很深刻的印象了，对大多数单词和句子以及翻译也都了解了，那么，忘记参考译文，重新再翻译一遍，凭自己对文章内容的理解，用自己的语言再好好翻译润色下自己译文。通常情况下，一篇文章经过这样四遍的翻译，无论是单词，短语，还是句子，你都会有很深刻的认识了，然后把该背下来的都背下来，如果一篇文章能够实打实的做到这四遍，经过一段时间的练习，阅读能力一定有很大的提高和质的飞跃。老毙有一点要提醒小伙伴们，四遍的翻译过程中，思考是最重要的，总结自己做的好的地方，思考自己的不足，不能心急，考研英语本就是个靠点滴积累，慢慢进步不能一蹴而就的科目，只有这样做精翻才是正确的打开方式，才不会浪费时间做无用功。考研使用毙考题，不用再报培训班。

CATTI英语笔译实务(2级)2016年11月考试真题英译中 第一篇Everyone knows that weddings—the most elaborate and costly form of old school pageantry still acceptable in modern society—are stupid expensive. But it turns out Americans are now blowing even more money than ever before on what’s supposed to be the most magical day of any couple’s life together. Money that, to be honest, could be spent on much, much cooler stuff. 旧时的盛装庆典依然为今人所沿袭，而最为精致且最为昴费的仪式则莫过于婚礼。婚礼上的开支大得令人咋舌，这是人尽皆知的事情。但事实表明：如今的美国人则要花费比以往更多的钱来操办婚礼。因为这一天，于一双新人夫妻而言，妙不可言。不过，话又说回来了，这些钱本可以花在其它更酷的事情上。The Knot released its annual wedding survey this week, with findings showing that couples are spending a mind-numbing average of $32,641 on matrimonial celebrations. The study includes data from nearly 18,000 pairs across the country. While the cost of a wedding varied greatly from city to city—reaching a nauseating high of $82,300 in Manhattan—the price was steep no matter where couples chose to get hitched. All this despite the fact that weddings (and marriages in general, honestly) can be a fairly impractical thing to invest in. Seriously, even 50 Cent doesn’t spend as much in a day as you’re spending on a reception band alone. Think about that.本周，婚庆公司闹特发布了婚礼的年度调查，18，000对来自全国各地的夫妇参与了，调查的结果显示每对夫妇在婚礼庆祝上平均所花费的费用为32,641美元，这个数字着实令人惊悚。尽管不同城市的婚礼花费存在差异，但不管新人选择在哪里结婚，花费都骇人听闻。例如曼哈顿地区的婚礼开支达到了令人瞠目结舌的82,300美元。尽管人们都知道花钱办婚礼（老实说，婚姻）是件不务实的举动，但在婚礼上的开支还是如此巨大。言归正传，请说唱歌手一天也花费不过才50美分，但办婚礼请乐队助阵却要花那么多的钱。想想看是不是这个道理呢？ So rather than spending hugely on a union that may or may not work out, wouldn’t it make more sense to save your hard-earned money by forgoing the big ceremony for the major expenses you’re likely to face in married life? You know, like a mortgage. Or braces for your wallet-draining children-to-be. And if your fianceé is dead set on a fairytale wedding? You could always just blow your financial load on a plenty fulfilling single life.因此，与其在一场不知未来面目如何的婚礼上挥金如土，还不如不办婚礼。将因此省下来的钱用在婚后可能遇到的大开支，更加有意义。比如说还贷，亦或是将来有了孩子，也可以用在孩子身上。还有，如果你的未婚妻执意要举办一场童话般的婚礼，然后与你分道扬镳呢？当你是 个单身狗的时候，就可以大手大脚地挥霍你的积蓄了。With nearly $33,000 to spend in the life of a singledom, you could get pretty far when it comes to amenities and entertainment. Perhaps the best part of being free from the shackles of wedding planning is the opportunity to treat yourself. Like, why drop $1,400 on a frilly dress you’ll wear once before it turns to moth food when you can rock the most expensive shoes of the season and look great doing it?如果将这近30,000美元的钱花在单身生活上，那么吃喝玩乐就的事情就有的嗨了。也许不把钱浪费在婚礼上的最佳理由就是，你就有机会用这笔钱善待自己。比如说你可以显摆当季最昂贵的鞋子，并且这么做，你会觉得这能让你看起来很拽，那么，你为什么还要花1,400美元买一件只穿一次就让它压在厢底，等着虫子蛀满花边的裙子上呢？ And while weddings are supposed to be all about the happy couple, everyone knows that’s bull, because you have to feed your guests and provide them entertainment and put a roof over their heads for a couple of hours and likely go into debt doing it. In addition to simply having fun, there are some more practical ways to spend your wedding purse as well. For instance, purchasing and providing for a nice house cat rather than dropping major dough on finger bling intended for fending off hotties for the rest of your life. Fluffy won’t care if you bring home someone new every weekend—he’ll just hate everyone indiscriminately.纵然婚礼总是将目光锁定在幸福的新人身上，但其实所有人都知道这是瞎扯淡。因为你得款待宾朋，请他们吃好喝好玩好，很有可能还会因此负债累累。除了花钱仅买了高兴一场的这种婚礼，其实你的婚礼预算还可以花在一些更切合实际的地方，比如买一只可爱的猫咪，而不是花一大笔钱去买个熠熠生辉的钻戒而只是以此避免日后的寻花问柳。喵星人才不会在乎你每个周末带回来的人是否不同，它只会无不分原委地憎恶每一个人。英中 第二篇My teenage son recently informed me that there is an Internet quiz to test oneself for narcissism. His friend had just taken it. “How did it turn out?” I asked. “He says he did great!” my son responded. “He got the maximum score!”我那十几岁的儿子最近告诉我，网上有一个可测试自恋程度的小测试。他有个好朋友刚刚做过这个测试。我问他：“结果如何呢？”儿子答道：“他得了满分！”When I was a child, no one outside the mental health profession talked about narcissism. People were more concerned by inadequate self-esteem, which at the time was thought to lurk behind nearly every issue. Like so many excesses of the 1970s, the self-love cult spun out of control and is now rampaging through our culture like Godzilla through Tokyo.在我还是个孩提的时候，除了心理健康专业人士以外，没有人会谈论自恋。人们更担心的是自信不足的问题，在那个时候，缺乏自信几乎被看作是所有问题背后的原因。与20世纪70年代的诸多放纵过激行为一样，自恋的狂浪如滔滔江水一发不可收，且现在还在我们的文化中横冲直撞，就像哥斯拉怪兽文化盛行东京那般。A 2010 study in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science found that the proportion of college students exhibiting narcissistic personality traits – based on their scores on the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, a widely used diagnostic test – has increased by more than half since the early 1980s, to 30 per cent.2010年一篇有关于《社会心理学与人格科学》的杂志在对大学生的研究发现，基于自恋人格量表这一检测自恋程度的测试得分，结果发现显示有自恋人格特征的大学生比例，相较于20世纪80年代早期增加了一半，达到了30%。In their book, The Narcissism Epidemic, psychology professors show that narcissism has increased as quickly as obesity has since the 1980s. Even our egos are getting fat. This is a costly problem. While full-blown narcissists often report high levels of personal satisfaction, they create havoc and misery around them. There is overwhelming evidence linking narcissism with reced honesty and increased aggression. It’s notable for occasions like Valentine’s Day that narcissists struggle to stay committed to romantic partners, in no small part because they find themselves superior.在《自恋流行病》这本书中，心理学教授指出：自20世纪80年代以来，自恋的增长速度就像肥胖症一样快。甚至连我们的自我主义都膨胀了。这会让我们为此付出高昴代价。虽然自恋狂总是感觉有着高度个人满意度，但他们却会给身边的人带来灾难和痛苦。有大量的证据表明，自恋与不诚实以及攻击性上升相伴而生。值得注意的是，比如在情人节等日子，自恋狂很难对自己的伴侣从一而终，这在很大程度上都是因为他们觉得自己过于优秀。The full-blown narcissist might reply, “So what?” But narcissism isn’t an either-or characteristic. It’s more of a set of progressive symptoms (like alcoholism) than an identifiable state (like diabetes). Millions of Americans exhibit symptoms, but still have a conscience and a hunger for moral improvement. At the very least, they really do not want to be terrible people.自恋狂可能也会反唇相讥：“那又怎样？”但一个人是否自恋，并不是一个非此即彼的问题。它更像是一系列循序渐进而形成的症状（像酗酒），而不是可明确诊断出来的状况（比如糖尿病）。数百万的美国人表现出自恋特征，但仍然保有良知，并渴望在精神道德层面有所进步。至少，他们不想成为人见人不爱的讨厌鬼。A healthy self-love that leads to true happiness builds up one’s intrinsic well-being, as opposed to feeding shallow cravings to be admired. Cultivating amour de soi requires being fully alive at this moment, as opposed to being virtually alive while wondering what others think. The soulful connection with another person, the enjoyment of a beautiful hike alone, or a prayer of thanks over your sleeping child could be considered expressions of self-love.健康的自恋能带来真正的幸福，能建立起一个人的内在幸福感，而不是满足人那种被人高高仰望的浅薄渴望。培育自尊要求充分地活在当下，而不是活在当下，却揣摩着别人的心思。与别人掏心掏肺，真诚交往，独自享受一段美妙的徒步之旅，或是为你那熟睡的孩子祈祷感恩，其实，这些都是自爱的表现。中英 第一篇浙江杭州是风景秀美之地，也是创新活力之城。G20杭州峰会的会标，就是用20根线条，勾勒出一个桥型轮廓，同时辅以“2016年G20”的英文和篆隶“中国”印章。Hangzhou, Zhejiang province is well-known for its both beautiful scenery and a dynamic city with an innovative consciousness, so the logo of the G20 Hangzhou Summit features the image of a bridge drawn in 20 lines. On top of it are the English for “G20 2016 China”, supplemented with the imprint of a traditional Chinese seal bearing these two Chinese characters for “China”.桥，在G20独具含义。曾几何时，全球经济治理为发达国家所垄断。G20是第一个发达国家和发展中国家平等参与全球经济治理的机制，是历史的进步。在这个意义上，G20本身就是一座桥，一座连接历史与未来、发达国家与发展中国家的桥梁。Bridge has a special meaning for the G20. The G20 is in fact the first global mechanism that allows those developed and developing countries alike to take equal part in the world’s economic governance, something that used to be the monopoly of developed countries. This represents a progress in the evolution of global governance and renders the G20 a bridge that connects history with the future, and developed countries with developing countries.在2016年的杭州，在世界经济发展的当下，桥又有了新的含义。它寓意着对G20成为全球经济之桥、国际社会合作之桥、面向未来的共赢之桥的殷切期望。桥梁线条形似光纤，寓意信息技术应用带来的互联互通，具有强烈的时代感。我们希望，以杭州峰会为桥梁，各国间的联系将更加紧密，世界经济的前景将更加广阔。Under the given current world economic situation, the bridge has some new implication for the Hangzhou Summit and it implies a keen hope for the G20 to become a bridge in the global economy and a bridge that brings parties together in win-win global cooperation oriented toward the future. The symmetrically curved lines in the bridge are meant to be reminiscent of fiber-optic cables, referring to an interconnected world in an information age. It is our hope that the Hangzhou Summit will serve as a bridge through which countries will build stronger links with each other and together open up broader prospects for the world’s economy.中英 第二篇纵观世界文明史，人类先后经历了农业革命、工业革命、信息革命。每一次产业技术革命，都给人类生产生活带来巨大而深刻的影响。Looking at the history of world’s civilizations, human beings have progressed along with agricultural, instrial and information revolutions. Each of these instrial and technological revolutions has had great and profound effect on our way of proction and life. Today, information technologies represented by the Internet are experiencing rapid changes with each passing day.现在，以互联网为代表的信息技术日新月异，引领了社会生产新变革，创造了人类生活新空间，拓展了国家治理新领域，极大提高了人类认识世界、改造世界的能力。互联网让世界变成了“鸡犬之声相闻”的地球村，相隔万里的人们不再“老死不相往来”。可以说，世界因互联网而更多彩，生活因互联网而更丰富。They have brought about new ways of social proction, created new space for people’s life, opened new horizons of state governance, and enhanced our ability to understand and shape the world. The Internet has turned the world into a global village where distance no longer prevents people from interacting with each other. Communication is made easier than ever before. Indeed, thanks to the Internet, our world has become more colorful and people now live a fuller life.中国正处在信息化快速发展的历史进程之中。中国高度重视互联网发展，自21年前接入国际互联网以来，我们按照积极利用、科学发展、依法管理、确保安全的思路，加强信息基础设施建设，发展网络经济，推进信息惠民。China is going through a historic process of rapid application of information technologies. China attaches great importance to Internet development. Since China was connected to World Wide Web 21 years ago, we have, in keeping with the principles of proactive utilization, rational development, law-based regulation and assurance of security, strengthened IT infrastructure, developed cyber economy and made life better for our people through IT application.十三五时期，中国将大力实施网络强国战略、国家大数据战略、“互联网+”行动计划，发展积极向上的网络文化，拓展网络经济空间，促进互联网和经济社会融合发展。我们的目标，就是要让互联网发展成果惠及13亿多中国人民，更好造福各国人民。During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China will vigorously implement the national cyber development strategy, the national big data strategy and the “Internet Plus” action plan. We will develop an uplifting cyber culture, open up more space for cyber economy, and promote the integration of Internet development with economic and social progress. Our goal is to ensure that the more than 1.3 billion Chinese people and people across the world can all enjoy the benefits of Internet development.