2020考研英语的书

2020年想要考研的同学都在全力备考，今天小编就给大家推荐几本考研必备的复习材料，助力大家的备考！很多同学都知道我们的考研真题很是重要，但是我们应该买哪些真题书呢？根据往年的买书情况，小编将考研英语辅导书的选择情况和推荐内容做了汇总，大概购买的比例是这样的。试卷真题书①张剑黄皮书 张剑黄皮书是按照题型分成几个大类，每种题型下又按年份排列，所以每个题型都是集中介绍的，这样有利有弊，利就是方便针对某个题型比较分析出题思路，看出近年的变化，弊则是没法进行模拟。每篇完形或者阅读都会有一个总述，很简练，选文不是什么都选的，每篇文章后面都会有一些文章结构和逻辑关系的分析，比较齐全的。而且会分类，批判性、颂扬型、建议型等等排版是非常不错的，但是内容太多了，可能对大家造成很大的阅读压力。②何凯文阅读理解 这本书上的长难句分析不错、写的通俗易懂，如果将长难句分析那本书认真做完，长难句至少知道将他怎么拆分；回过头再看一遍，就能用流畅的语言去解决长难句问题啦。（前提是单词不能有太多不认识的）而且他创立了著名的阅读“kk三步法”：即定位到段，定位到句，同义替换。就这三点能解决考研越多的大多数问题，再将长难句进行拆分，想不高分都困难。这本书没有简单地对考研真题长难句进行一一罗列，也没有对考研语法进行晦涩难懂的讲解，而是从语序入手，以考研英语真题为例句，全面清晰地梳理了英语句法体系，还着重讲解了常考的翻译考点，帮助考生清晰了解英语句法结构，同时在翻译上给考生以启发。全书采用双色印刷，观感更清新。③于慧真题100这本书也是比较好的，主要是他有句句图解。只要按照于慧的步骤走，每天研读真题文章，针对阅读理解的部分。然后要滚动研读，做到基本上烂熟于心。单词分册可以让你不用再去查单词。文章中已经把固定搭配什么的标出来了，还有每道题方当面做对的百分比。单词也很简单，到时候只用选择于慧真题100的词书就可以了，于慧单词书最大的特点就是它单词的排列顺序是按照真题文章的顺序排列的，所以你背的时候不自觉就联系到了自己看过真题，加深印象。④考研圣经《考研圣经》之所以能够得到多数人的认可，主要的原因在于它满足了基础薄弱考生的三大基本需求：词汇、语法、答题技巧。有了这三大块，英语想取得高分就是分分钟的事。尤其是选项表析部分，不仅指出四个选项的在文章当中的具体出处，而且概括性地总结出了这些选项的基本特征，并进一步明确告诉我们正确项为什么正确，错误项为什么错误。这本书最大的特点就是重视基础，主要体现在词汇和语法上面。书里面对于历年真题的文章，都是逐词逐句逐篇进行讲解，讲得很详细，不是一般的详细。这一特点，对于想恶补英语基础的同学来讲，着实是一本难得的好书。⑤考研真相这本书最大的特点就是重视基础，主要体现在词汇和语法上面。书里面对于历年真题的文章，都是逐词逐句逐篇进行讲解。而且里面全面系统的注释了大纲重点词，你不用再去查字典，仅仅依靠真题解析就能搞懂单词意思；对于一些难一点的句子，除了使用文字描述解析，还是用了逐层图表解析帮助你来理解，形式灵活多变，内容简洁明了，你一看就懂，无需再查语法书。历来同学们对它的评价是“适合基础薄弱者”，它对文章的知识点，包括一些比较基础的语法和词汇，都做了比较详细的讲解。历年真题，是考生探究考研命题规律和风格的窗口，尤其是最近十年的真题，有一定连续性，务必要吃透。建议大家买两套真题，因为在复习过程中，刷真题，至少需要3遍，甚至是更多遍的反复做题，只有这样我们才能掌握得比较熟练。将一套真题做“烂”以后，用新的那套真题做模拟卷，相信各位大家会有不一样的收获。

2020考研英语一参考书哪个好，真题解析怎么样？考路护航小编整理了以下经验贴，如果你遇到这样的问题，请参考下文哦。很多同学说，题库做过许多，毫不幽默的说，做的历年试题都已经可以当沙发坐垫了。刚开始刚碰到题库的时后，建意先从李达的2020年考研公共课英语词汇精讲做起，李达博士任职于武汉大学，15年教学辅导经验，是考研复试口语面试官，他采用独创ARTS英语教学法，编写的考研英语真题词汇，最合适拿来打基础，而且它的逐题逐句解读历年试题，能够帮你完全弄懂历年试题。弄懂每一语句的词法组成，根据英语词注释，夯实基础没把握的英语词。薄弱环节的朋友都会用！小贴士：真题做题技巧：拿到历年试题，先大概浏览题目，归纳题干关键信息词。然后精读文章段首，确立语句和语句之间的关系，进而寻找关键句。再去再阅读其他每段起句，梳理每段与主题思想之间的关系。英语短文的逻辑性十分强，每一语段相互间全是有较强的逻辑顺序的。例如，第一段叙述了某类状况，第二段就会对于这一状况剖析缘故，或是实际诠释这一状况在实际中的反映。因此，我认为必须要穿透得出结论的内容看懂语段和主题思想之间的关系，搞清楚每一语段都是不孤立的，全是和全篇中心思想有某类思维关连。这比只是地看懂零碎的词汇、句意更为关键。由于弄搞清楚逻辑顺序之后，全篇的构思和框架结构就会很明了，可以确切效率高地掌握全篇內容。

从考研上岸之后很久没看知乎了，一登上就看到50+邀请。ヾ(ｏω)我终于也可以给学弟学妹，解答些关于2020考研复习资料推荐。首先说点题外话，现在考研英语市面上很多辅导书，有些小可爱会看看经验贴，大神推荐什么就用什么，有些就直接身边的人用什么，我就用什么。我的建议是一定要选择适合自己的！基础不好就选补基础的，好理解的，详细的。基础好了就多看点技巧、拔高性的。----------------------------单词部分单词其实在复习上，主要还是自己要下功夫，无论用的是哪种方法的词汇书，都要认真背，一次记不住就反复背两次、三次。基础薄弱：《非常词汇》主要就是句子记单词这个方法，在句子中会更好的去理解单词的意思，对单词有更深的印象。这个就很适合基础比较弱、自己背单词很难理解、印象不是很深的同学去看。基础好：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》，这本很适合用来刷词，因为必考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词已经划分出来了，所以直接按照重要程度背就好了，可以节省背单词的时间。记单词的方法，就1点：滚动记忆。可以做个“艾宾浩斯计划表”（百度上有），照着表上每天进行单词的复习。--------------------------- 真题部分真题我建议前期一定要选个解释很详细的！这样你在积累词汇、短语的时候也会比较方便一点。基础薄弱：《考研真相》英一（英二考研圣经）很好的真题书，里面每个句子和重点词汇都有解析，这一点就帮助你，前期积累省去了查工具书的时间了。在题目分析上，每个选项也总结出了错误特征和正确答案分析。这对于你之后的总结题目特征也很有帮助。基础好、突破名校：尖刀侠《考研英语真题倍速快解》英一，这本真题不一样的是，总结的是做题的模板，一个题型对应一个通用模板，直接套用，跟着模板的步骤做就行了。这本真题就很适合提高自己的做题速度和正确率。做真题的方法，主要还是分阶段的。前期：注重积累不熟的词汇、句式，补基础。中期：注意阅读做题的步骤：第1步：通读全文，翻译全文，积累词汇、短语；第2步：总结段落大意；第3步：找出关键词、句；第4步：建立文章框架；第5步：找出破题句、在每个题的后面总结错误题目的特征。后期：做题技巧的总结。技巧其实就是你中期思路要是养成的好，之后你的技巧和思路也会顺。--------------------------------------作文部分作文在复习中主要就是中后期，需要重视下。建议一定不要上来就背模板，先自己练习着写几篇，然后再用模板写。同一个话题，把自己写的和模板写的，结合在一起。哪句话用的比较好，可以当模板，就用哪一句，组成一个自己的模板。基础薄弱：《写作160篇》英一（英二写作宝中宝）总结的作文常用的词汇、短语、句式、段落都很不错，作文没话可以写的可以先背这些部分。然后话题范文基本热点话题都总结了，可以看看范文怎么写的，有精力的就背。基础好：尖刀侠《考研英语高分作文36法则》这本主要就是作文拔高，教36个作文高分句式的方法，主要就是以真题举例，从常规句子如何运用这些方法，来进行一个句式上的改写、突破。以上是我的推荐书目了，总结一下！基础薄弱就用、太阳城考研英语3件套：单词书《非常词汇》、真题书《考研真相》英一（英二考研圣经）、作文书《写作160篇》英一（英二写作宝中宝）。基础好、突破名校就用、尖刀侠三件套：单词书闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》、真题书尖刀侠《考研英语真题倍速快解》、作文书尖刀侠《考研英语高分作文36法则》。关于2020考研复习资料推荐，英语篇就先说到这里了，剩下的交给自己，制定计划复习吧。

2020考研英语结束了……n多年不考的“告示”重出江湖，瞬间KO一大片“李华”；文艺复兴，哥白尼，地心说有没有翻译到怀疑人生？每年都是这样，我们以为这里是热点，那里一定要考，结果一看试卷，嗬，太天真！但是今年英语一的大作文神了，居然押中了!!!先来看看英语一和英语二的作文题目，你品，你细品！考研英语一大作文——【拖延症】，这不就是《写作160篇》里的吗!!!（出自张国静-《写作160篇》）语料都是现成的，文章还不是下笔就来~张国静的书是真的厉害，这已经是《考研真相》主编张国静老师连续14年押中考研英语作文话题了，难怪好多考研的小伙伴都很信任，上岸利器啊~

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

由于最近有许多同学私信学长说复习不知道用什么书，学长就给大家整理了一下考研英语资料推荐，请各位同学对照自己的情况自行选择！！----------------------- 词汇书 ----------------------------◆《非常词汇》通过660个句子记单词，由易到难，句子都很好记，不枯燥、记忆量小，顺便还理解了句子。◆闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》①适合备考时间不足的同学②收词全面，涵盖考研要用到的必考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，按照自己的需要去记单词。③重点突出，把单词划分了重点，完全可以先解决必考词，节省时间。④词根词缀记忆法记忆单词，方便记忆和归类词汇。⑤每个必考词都有6个常考短语，帮助加强记忆，扩充词汇量，为作文积累句子短语。★总结：以上二本词汇书（1）备考时间不够用或者不想花太多时间记单词的童鞋可以选择闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》（2）英语基础比较弱的童鞋建议选择《非常词汇》----------------------- 真题书 ----------------------------◆《考研真相》①适合基础薄弱的同学。②基础优先，逐词逐句精解文章，词汇有注解，长难句有图解，全面扫清阅读词汇长难句障碍，帮你先看懂真题。③技巧并重，两步解题，逐级提升，一步到位，解决所有做题问题。④仿真排版，提前进入考试状态◆《黄皮书》①适合基础较好的同学。②注重语篇分析，从整体上把握整篇文章。③对于重点词汇重点讲解。④对于解题思路和方法讲解较多。★总结：以上二本真题书（1）英语基础比较薄弱的小伙伴建议选择《考研真相》。（2）英语基础比较好的童鞋建议选择《黄皮书》----------------------- 作文书 ----------------------------◆《写作160篇》①基础薄弱专用。②专门为英语一编著。③写作常用词汇长难句都有讲解，全面打好写作基础。④“三步作文法”帮你拔高作文。⑤可考话题全面，帮你熟悉可考话题，打开写作思路。◆尖刀侠《考研英语高分作文36法则》①适合想要快速提高作文分数的同学。②用最简单直接的36个高分句式，教你学会句式突破，让你的作文立马变得亮眼起来。③36个高分靓句法则按照重要程度进行划分，学会其中几条就可以使作文上升一个档次。④同步作文网课也在进行中。★总结：以上二本作文书（1）英语基础比较薄弱的小伙伴建议选择《写作160篇》。（2）想要快速提高作文分数的童鞋建议选择尖刀侠《考研英语作文高分36法则》。学长给大家整理的这些书，各位小可爱要根据自己的情况进行筛选哦，比较适合自己的才是最重要的嘛，最后，祝各位小可爱早日上岸，学长会一直陪着大家的~~考研加油~·

考研的时候养成了一个习惯，就是找很多很多相关平台和论坛，然后刷各种攻略，刷着刷着，60min过去了，刷着刷着又60min过去了，然后发现攻略其实也没什么用。这真的不是攻略的错，是你的打开方式不对。今天我们借着考研英语真题来看看应该怎么吸收攻略中分配学习的方法。1.纵观全局有很多介绍怎么利用英语真题的卷的，但发现有的同学连一共有多少套卷子都没概念。不仅仅是英语真题，其它科目或者书也一样，建议大家先看看目录哦，对整体学习内容有一个规划，在考研中更是这样，无论你是从什么时候开始准备的，一定更要有一个整体的规划，规划到12月份的那种。2.做一个目标分解我们将整体学习内容做一个简单的分解。通常24套卷子我会分成三类，94年-02年共9套卷子，03年-10年共8套卷子，11年-18年共8套卷子，最近的8套当然放在最后当模拟题做。在时间不充分的情况下，94年-02年的卷子先练练手，对照答案进行简单的更正，不进行非常仔细的精读了。而03年-10年的8套卷子就要进行精读了，从单词，长难句，阅读，作文，都进行仔细的分析。最后的8套卷子，那就要掐着时间做模拟，并进行精读后再复盘，最好是提前复印一份再做一次。3.计划落实，做星期计划计划再好，也需要落实，这也是最重要的一步。很多事情想得美，但是做起来却十分困难。要把计划落实，我建议做好一周计划，这周要完成哪些，每天要完成什么，之所以说周计划而不是天计划，那是给自己一个机动的时间，必将计划永远赶不上变化。英语真题如何分配就写到这里了，以上都是经验之谈，大家要根据自己的情况决定哦。作者：DD姐，毕业两年，多重身份。待字闺中，移动互联网广告行业摸打滚爬者，周日日托班老师，曾经的资深在职考研者。

现在已经六月了，还有很多才下定决心的同学过来询问考研英语怎么准备，下面惊呼君就系统的给大家说说~一、认清自己的水平复习最重要的就是了解自己的基础情况。很多同学都不知道自己的英语水平是怎么样的，感觉自己基础很差就认为自己是零基础，感觉自己认识些单词就是基础比较好了...SO,惊呼君现在就教大家如何认清自己的基础：词汇量！现在很多单词的软件，比如百词斩之类的都可以测试词汇量，大家可以在上面测试一下阅读单词量：如果低于4500，那么单词量是很差的了；如果高于5000及以上，那么词汇量上还是可以的！！！下面给大家放张惊呼班同学的词汇量看一下↓语法！大家可以在网上找几套历年考研英语真题的句子分析一下，看看自己能完成多少：如果几套卷子上的题有80%的题都做不出来的同学，英语基础可能就是很差了，如果能做对一半以及以上的题，英语基础就还是比较好的了~如果自己的基础情况都清楚了，下面就是关于考研复习资料的挑选了~由于不同基础的适用资料也不一样，惊呼君给不同基础的同学推荐了不同的资料，大家可以参考一下~①基础较差的同学（词汇量低，语法不好）：红宝书+句句真研+张剑黄皮书②基础较好的同学（词汇量好，语法较好）：恋练有词+何凯文长难句+张剑黄皮书还有一些同学要么词汇量好，要么语法好，所以惊呼君把市面上好用的教材都整理出来了，大家可以根据自己的情况选择↓二、明确复习方向首先我们需要明白的是：只背单词是无法满足考研的基本需求的！！考研除了单词，重要的还有句子，一大串形容词，副词，名词，从句组合在一起很长的句子~很多人把重心都放在记单词上面，最终光认识单词读不懂句子，读不懂文章含义的人也是大多数~所以，在复习单词的同时，根据自己的基础情况，长难句的复习也应该融入我们的复习规划中~ 下面是惊呼君整理的每个阶段的复习方向，大家可以参考一下三、具体复习规划那么在复习过程中，如何复习长难句呢？下面惊呼君就具体的给大家说说具体的复习规划！1.基础阶段主要任务：打牢单词基础复习计划：①（按时间记单词）第一遍按照必考高频词→中频词→低频词的顺序记单词，恋练有词结合倍速视频。每天半个小时将视频中老师讲解的重点单词在书中着重标记出来，另用半个小时结合单词的搭配记单词。②每天20分钟（8.00-8.20）练字帖，王江涛老师的手印刷字帖或者衡水字帖都可以，重点是可以练字，不要纠结字帖书。2. 巩固阶段主要任务：结合长难句针对性的练习复习规划：①二刷单词书，只用单词书和单词软件，不需要再看视频课了。也按照高中低的顺序记单词，同时结合同义词，近义词，反义词扩展单词量。如果用恋练有词单词书，可以结合惊呼“恋练有词考研英语”小程序一起记。②每天做两个语法点的《句句真研》或其他语法书，做之前先把语法点标在旁边，看看标准答案是怎么分析的，对比一下自己和答案的区别。多看多做，理解不了的就结合对应的视频课看3. 强化阶段主要任务：真题训练，做错题分析笔记复习规划：①记单词，只用单词书和笔记本。连续记几个月，肯定会厌烦的，所以在这个月就只用半个小时记单词。将重难点，高考频的单词摘抄在笔记本上。把中文遮住，一眼记不住意思的单词也摘抄在笔记本上。②在这个阶段，考研英语的真题需要多做。主要是熟悉历年来的阅读文章类型，熟悉真题阅读出题的方向。做题的时候注意摘录文章中的陌生单词；做完之后研究自己做错的原因，记录问题（重点），是在熟悉阅读文章的单词后，在没有多少单词阻碍的情况下，具体研究自己易错的阅读题型是哪些，并且分析是什么原因造成这些错误的等等。③在这个阶段，要着重注意英语作文的积累。三天练习一篇作文，一字一句的写清楚，做完之后总结作文套话和素材，多背背。4. 冲刺阶段主要任务：真题练习+查漏补缺复习计划：①在考试前，四刷或五刷单词，按照单词量记。在这段时间，还要复习数学政治和专业课，所以每天记20个左右的单词就可以了（这个单词可以按照自己复习的情况来定）。②每天下午（2.00-5.00）做套卷，把所有题型从头到尾做一遍，然后继续重复精准分析、记单词步骤。重点是经过对易错题型的研究、总结和针对复习，对该题型有正确的思考思路。③每天半个小时，做笔记本上的摘抄的长难句，做完之后查漏补缺，看看哪里的语法还没有弄清楚，再回到语法书中看看。好了，以上就是惊呼君所分享的2020考研英语怎么准备的复习规划了，看完之后，如果大家还有什么问题，就私信评论吧~

先说点题外话，简单介绍下我本科的英语学习情况，四级考了三次才过，次次裸考，没有背过单词。从大二过了4级，我还是没有体会到记单词的重要性，不记英语单词就算了，我英语课都没怎么上过- -到了大三纠结了一学期到底考不考研，最后到了寒假我才决定考研，院校都还没确定，就先买了本词汇书记着。暑假在家记英语单词，有可能就是因为很久不看，几乎从0开始，对单词的印象特别浅，背了就忘。大三下学期开学之后，我改变了下背单词的方法。接下来我会详细说下，考研怎么准备英语？（有些是看论坛里大神的经验我觉得不错的）背单词：我建议基础不好前一个月先别做真题了，因为在单词和句子的基础非常薄弱的情况下，做真题的效果是非常差的。刚开始复习英语的第一个月，背单词的策略是大量接触。复习英语第1个月记单词方法：每天都花近3个小时过单词，以我用的闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》为例，必考词1 list大概是85左右的单词量，每天两个list的单词。1个单词用1分钟基本就需要2个半小时，边背边把单词的汉语意思写在本子上，然后还有半小时干嘛呢，默写。默写就是加深你对单词的印象，我建议必考词是一定要默写的！！基础差，多默写几遍，我就不信记不住！然后把自己默写错的，单独挑出来总结。第二天就不用再默写前一天的了，看一遍就行了。主要就是默写总结的+新一天背诵的单词。依次类推，一个月就这样复习必考词。第一个月结束后，你单词就过了两遍了，之后背单词的时间也就没这么多了。之后几个月的记单词方法：单词是每天都要记的，只不过是单词完整的记忆时间会随之减少。在之后的单词记忆中我建议把熟词僻义也要带上，除了核心必考词，熟词僻义也是考研词汇考察的点。还是每天过单词，然后过了默写。不过之后的单词记忆就要提高速度了，会的就直接过，也不用在本子上记汉语意思了。总之：单词一定要多过几遍，每天都要接触，不要细致的过了一遍后之后都不怎么看了。考研阅读存在着大量的长难句，所以打好长长难句基础也很重要，我看的就是张国静团队的长难句网课，每天1个半小时，一个月学完一个课程。刷真题：（阅读为主）（以英一的真题为例）97-04年的真题：难度较低，适合在一个月用来练手。05-12年的真题：这6套可以在英语单词和语法基础都提高了之后，用来认真做的！现在出题有点反套路了，所以做阅读真题的时候主要就是练思路（读选项—找定位—比对选项和定位句—排除干扰项—联系主旨选出正确项）13-18年的真题：近期的真题无疑是重点，在这一阶段，三天一套真题的速度应该是差不多的，可以留出两套最后练手。做真题阅读的方法是先做一遍，然后进行单词和句子的分析，标注不会的单词，弄懂没有看明白的句子。（把自己觉得不熟、好的句子都可以总结在本子上）之后对选项进行解析，主要是比对各选项和文章中目标句之间的差异，理解出题人设陷阱的点，这些参考书（推荐《考研真相》）上都会有所涉及。在做过三套真题后，一定要进行一次总结，反思不足，再继续做下去。真题中作文、翻译、完形（最后三个题型重要程度：作文>翻译>完形）我主要就说说作文，作文是一定要复习的，基础差建议你早点开始背常用的词汇、句式、段落、模版、整理一些自己需要用的句子，作文并不是太能拉分。翻译和完形，我觉得是相对不用下功夫去专门研究的了，因为这两个题型主要就是考察你英语整体水平的，水平提高了自然就提高了。而且阅读是40分（新题型10分其实也算阅读），阅读分高了英语自然也不会差到哪去。参考资料我个人认为参考资料还是很重要的，之前看别的同学在用的资料跟风去买了本，发现里面的解析根本不适合我这种基础弱的。我总结了下我用的书，你可以参考下。基础薄弱专用——太阳城考研英语3件套《非常词汇》：在660个句子记住2000+核心词汇，比较容易理解。《考研真相》，一词一句把真题里的词汇、语法解析的很详细，基础薄弱专用。《写作160篇》（英二写作宝中宝）常用词汇、句型、模板，总结的很全，还有3大定律和黄金法则来提分的。基础好、考名校必用——尖刀侠3件套闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》适合时间紧，想快速背单词的，按照重要程度划分必考词+基础词+偶考词+超纲词，根据自己的情况，可优先背必考词。尖刀侠《考研英语真题倍速快解》总结4个题型的解题方法，可以直接套用，帮你提高做题速度和正确率。尖刀侠《考研英语高分作文36法则》36个高分作文句式突破的方法，把常规作文写成高分作文。这本书是学长学姐推荐给我的。张国静团队的网课：是今年比较受欢迎的网课，推荐的人还挺多的。2020考研怎么准备英语，今天就先说到这里了。