2020考研英语2

It’s almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they're not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as “the end of the world,” or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something，we can choose to look for the lesson we’re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they’re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.人生几乎不可能不经历某种失败。没有经历失败的人可能生活得过于谨慎，以至于也不会有什么成就。简单地说，他们根本就没有真正地生活。然而，失败的美妙之处在于，如何看待失败完全取决于我们自己。我们可以选择把失败看作是“世界末日”，或者是我们能力不足的证明。或者，我们可以把它看作是难以置信的学习经验，它经常是如此。每当我们在某件事上失败时，我们可以选择寻找我们应该学到的教训。这些教训非常重要，它们是我们成长以及避免再次犯同样错误的方式。失败只有在我们允许的情况下才能阻止我们。失败也可以教会我们一些关于我们自己的东西，如果没有失败，我们永远也学不到这些东西。例如，失败可以帮助你发现你是多么强大。某些事情上的失败可以帮助你发现最真诚的朋友，或者帮助你找到通向成功意想不到的动力。

Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they're not really living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as“the end of the world," or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible 1earning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something. we can choose to 1ook for the lesson we re meant to learn. These lessons are very important, they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again.Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have 1earned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed .[参考译文]人的一生总要经历一些失败。有些人生活极其小心翼翼(谨慎)以至于他们那儿也没过。简言之，他们根本没生活过。但是，失败的美妙之处在于，这完全取决于我们看待方式。我们可以选择视失败为“世界末日”，或仅是我们能力不足的证明，亦或可以将其看学习经验，尽管有点让人难以置信。每次的失败，我们都能选择把它看作本要掌握的经验。这些经验十分重要，它们关乎我们如何成长以及如何避免再次犯错。只有我们允许失败阻拦我们时，它才会阻止我们前行。失败也让我们更加了解自己，而这些是我们之前从未意识到的。例如，失败让我们自己是多么强大，失败也能帮你发现真正的朋友，或者帮你发现通往成功的出乎意料的动力。真题出来了，答案对完了，心情还好吗？考研英语还是有难度的，加上考研人数年年增加，今年已经突破400万，后面的形势会越来越严峻。21考研的小伙伴要好好准备，尤其英语，每年放倒多少英雄好汉（捂脸哭）。不过还是相信人艰不拆，上岸书单送给大家：单词书《考研词汇闪过》，按照考频划重点，频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，一目了然，清晰好记。真题书：英一《考研真相》，英二《考研圣经》，逐词逐句图解文章超详细，不用再翻工具书，英语渣的神助攻。作文书：英一《写作160篇》，英二《写作宝中宝》，高分词汇，基础句型，经典模板应有尽有，好背又好用。关注微信公众号“巨微考研英语”，获取更多备考资料！

2020考研英语二真题及答案【完形篇】完形填空真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points)Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1。particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than2. a younger sibling.3.There's another sort of parent that s a bit easier to 4 a patient parent. Children of everyage benefit from patient parenting. Still,5 every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6.Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a 7 and composed style with their kids. I understand this.You're only human, and sometimes your kids can8 you just a little too far. And then the 9happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit to 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over,We've all there:12.even though it's common, it's important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue. you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a 1ong time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with. your child but also 14 your child's self-esteem.If you consistently 1ose your 15with your kids. then you are inadvertently modeling a lack ofemotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most important of a11 life's skills.Certainly, it's incredibly18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A morepractical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with 19situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal. you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.答案1. tricky2. for example3. fortunately4. describe5. while6. task7. tolerant8. push9. inevitable10.harsh11. turn back12.however13.regret14.affect15. cool16. importance17. confronted18. hard19. changing20.emerge好了，关于完形填空的真题和答案就整理到这里，不管结果好与坏，这场考试已经结束了，2021考研被提上日程，2021考研的小伙伴，可以参考近几年的考试真题，来制定来年自己的复习计划。考研的话，一般是大三第二学期开始正式复习，大半年时间够用，并不是越早越好，太早的话容易懈怠和疲劳，你现在年前可以先准备前期的复习了，比如英语单词，考数学的话，比如做书上的基础题，了解更多考研的常识，搜集复习资料，年后准备就绪，进入状态。如果基础不是很好，你就用英语一《考研真相》/英语二《考研圣经》做真题吧，一句一句注释词汇、一句一句分析语法，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂。真题资料就选它！

问题：一战失败，打算二战，考研英语二怎么复习？回答：看到这个题目，佩服你的勇气的同时，也挺为你感到可惜的，毕竟辛辛苦苦努力了一年，到头来却没有达到自己想要的结果。生活就是这样，不确定的事情太多，你永远不知道下一秒会发生什么。但是，“人不可能第二次给别人留下相同的印象”，我相信选择“二战”的你一定可以所向披靡，重登极境。下面，就来回答你一下你的问题，考研二战，考研英语二怎么复习？决定要二战，那么首先就得分析：一战为什么会失败？找到自己的问题出在了哪里？在之后的复习过程中有针对性的复习，避免再次踩雷。情况一：通过了报考院校的初试，但是复试却被刷。考研复试主要包含专业课笔试、专业课面试、英语口语和听力，需要仔细分析到底是哪个方面出了问题。如果是因为专业课没发挥好，需要在平时准备初试科目时，留出一定的时间给专业课，这个时间在初试之前不用太多，保证每天有一至两个小时即可，特别是对于跨专业的学生，专业课学习不容忽视。情况二：基础没问题，平时学习成绩也挺好，考出来的成绩却不理想，以至于没通过初试。这种情况是因为心里素质太差，考研初试考核的是综合能力，不仅要求基础知识过硬，还要有很好的处理试卷的能力，一旦一科的做题时间掌控不好，将会影响整套试卷的发挥。因此在二战复习时，一定要注意提高整套试卷的处理能力。就拿考研英语来说，考试时间一般是在下午的2点到5点，三个小时内需要完成1篇240~280词的完型，4篇1 600词左右的阅读理解，1篇500~600词的选择搭配，1篇400词左右的翻译，两篇作文写作。（大作文和小作文）时间还是非常紧张的，因此在平时练习时就要严格按照考试时间来做题，习惯了这种做题的紧张程度，考场上就不会慌乱了。情况三：基础不好，导致考试成绩不理想。一般来说，可能是本来自己的基础就不好，在初次复习的时候可能由于学习方法不当，复习时完全照自己的想法来，没有一个系统完整的复习计划，导致学习成绩不理想。因此在二战时，需要纠正自己的学习方法，对于考研政治来说，一般大家都会在大纲出来之后再去复习，由于复习时间紧张，许多同学都会直接从真题开始上手，导致基本概念混淆，答题分不清主次，从而失分。所以，在复习考研政治时建议，先花上两到三周把大纲上的基础知识过一遍，再去做题。这样做题速度和正确率就会提高很多。其次，决定要二战，那么必须要做好复习计划。不管是哪门科目的复习，前期复习都是要从基础开始的，千万不要以为自己对某个知识点已经很熟悉了，就对这个知识点不重视了，不要有这种浮躁心理，还是要踏踏实实的好好复习，解决2020考研英语二怎么复习这个问题。一般来说，考研复习大概分为以下几个阶段：（1）基础复习阶段：从现在起—6月，主要做以下工作：1.学英语学习2小时。主要任务是背单词，学语法，读外刊文章。2.数学学习1-1.5小时。看本科期间的基础教材，同济高数、清华大学线性代数、浙大概率与数理统计。寒假前都看完，做相应的课后复习题。（2）强化复习阶段：7—9月，主要做以下工作：1.英语2-2.5小时。可以开始做真题了，一开始接触真题确实比较困难，可以慢一点，两天做一套题都是可以的。推荐《考研圣经》/英语一可用《考研真相》，逐词逐句精解，真题中的每个句子都有讲解，词汇和长难句也都有注解，专门针对基础薄弱的。2.数学2-2.5小时。狂刷真题，每天一套，做完及时的对答案，记录错题。3.专业课开始学习。只看参考教材。（3）冲刺复习阶段10—12月，主要做以下工作：1.英语2小时，重心转移到作文训练，兼顾真题。每天练习作文，写完之后及时找人修改，及时改正自己的问题。2.数学2小时，真题解析研究，解题训练。3.专业课1.5-2小时，看扩展教材。4.政治40分钟，背大纲，做练习题。（4）考前两周主要做以下工作：1.英语考前每天坚持写作文，每天一篇大作文，一篇小作文。2.数学整理错题、公式全部演练一遍。保持做题手感。3.政治看看大题的答题思路，翻一翻政治课本，再去回顾一下知识点。最后分享一份考研辅导资料，一份好的复习资料对复习的帮助也是功不可没的。你可以先看一下，选择对自己有用的。英语一真题试试《考研真相》吧，一句话一句话详细解析真题，陌生的单词都会把一起翻译出来，简直不要太好，很适合基础薄弱的人。力量总是来源于自身，即使“二战”，也希望你能稳定心态、踏实复习，用最好的状态迎接挑战。加油！

2020考研英语二真题及答案【作文】！真题：一个饼图：60%用来学习知识，21%用来消磨时间，4%是其它，17%是获取信息。高校学生手机阅读目的调查【参考范文-网络版】As is vividly depicted in the chart, it provides the information concerning the reading purpose of college students by mobile phones in a certain university.To be specific, the percentage of learning is 58%, which is biggest among the four categories. Meanwhile, acquiring information, entertaining and others account for 28%, 12% and 2% respectively.Without a doubt, the real purpose of the chart is to tell us that a majority of college students read their phones for study rather than have fun. On one hand, with the rapid development of science and technology, our smart phones become increasingly convenient for students to study. Instead of taking numerous books in their bags, they prefer to put significant learning materials into their phone and then they can read them at any place they want. On the other hand, the present college students are under huge competitive stress. As a result, they are aware of the significance of learning in college,where they should enhance their knowledge and skills to cope with the challenges and obstacles in the years to come.Taking above reasons into consideration, we could firmly believe that the tendency will continue in the forthcoming years.小作文：真题Directions:Suppose you are panning a tour of historical site for a group of international students1) Say something about the site2) give some tips for the tourYou should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name at the end of the email. Use“Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address (10 points)[参考范文--网络版]Dear international students,Welcome to China! Knowing that you have a keen interest in Chinese historical sites, I am writing to recommend you to visit the Forbidden City, one of the prestigioushistoric relics in China.Here are the brief introctions . Firstly, The Forbidden city is the imperial palace of the two dynasties in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Secondly, located in the capital of China, the Forbidden City showcases many collections of ancient arts and antiques, which offer a glimpse of China's extensive and sophisticated culture.Finally, what needs to pay special attention to is that you had better book tickets online ahead of time though any digital devices. Before visiting, to take a panorama of the palace would be a sensible to guild your trip and save much time.I hope my suggestions would be of benefit for you. Please feel free to contact me. I am looking forward to your reply.Enjoy your tour!关于作文的真题和参考答案就到这里啦，今年参加考研的小伙伴可以好好休息一下啦。2020考研已经结束，话说2021考研还会远吗？备考2021考研的宝宝们，不用害怕，考研一般在大三第二学期2月份开始，考研的话，大半年时间够用了，现在你可以搜集了解目标院校的招生简章、专业目录、参考书目、报录比这些信息，尽量找一些已考上的学姐学长，了解参考书目、真题等信息。有机会的话去目标院校多转转，没准儿会有意想不到的收获。现阶段，你应该学好英语和专业课，打好基础，为你的正式备考打好基础。说到资料，数学的话，一般来说汤神讲的细、基础，适合基础不好的，李大帝综合性强。英语的话，真题安利英语一的《考研真相》/英语二的《考研圣经》，逐词逐句精解，一句一句解析每一篇真题，完形填空和阅读理解都是一句话一句话给你分析讲解的，补基础很不错。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

2020考研英语二过线难吗？英语初期应该怎样准备？对于这样的问题，首先，英语二比英语一简单很多，所以题不是很难，需要认真复习就能过线，然后，当下初期，你可以按照这7步开始你的复习大事。1.刚准备开始复习考研英语的时候，许多人都陷入了背单词的死循环，每天都是依单词书而睡，背单词而醒。一做题还是各种懵，知道问题出在哪里了吗？2.不管是真题阅读还是其他的阅读练习，单词就只是一部分而已，除了一个个的单词，还有一个个的句子，所以只是记单词是远远不够的。3.基础阶段除了记单词还需要学习语法，做相应的阅读练习。4.所以，考研英语基础阶段应该做以下事情：①单词记忆，每天1h目标是大纲单词、常见超纲词、短语和固定搭配背2遍，见到单词能反应出含义，基本扫清单词障碍。②语法学习，每天20-25分钟目标是能够分清各大从句，能灵活运用。③长难句的学习，每天30分钟目标：能够准确翻译各类长难句④阅读理解，每天2-3篇目标是：初步认识考研阅读理解题目的特点，注意对文中长难句的分析和基础词的引申义的把握。积累和理解各种背景知识;通过做题训练分析问题和逻辑推理的能力。⑤精读文章，每天3-4篇通过阅读英语文章，培养语感，扩充词汇量，拓展思维及知识面。5.推荐两种单词记忆方法：方法一：减少无用功，适当删减单词不要抄起单词书就开始猛背单词，建议按照重要程度来记单词，先背必考词和基础词，背完就可以做题了。通过做题来巩固单词的记忆情况，再进行查缺补漏，加深记忆。闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》将词汇按照重要程度划分为必考词、基础词、超纲词和偶考词，重点明确，直接跟着背就可以了，非常方便，节省时间精力。方法二：逆向记忆，从句子中背传统记忆单词的方法就是通过单词书来背诵，其实不妨尝试一下从阅读里来背单词，当你做阅读的时候，难免会遇到陌生的词汇。当你把整篇阅读都搞懂之后，你会发现自己已经掌握了好多词汇。对于基础薄弱的同学可以跟着《非常词汇》背单词，语境记忆，通过句子记单词，660个句子就可以搞定考纲必考词和基础词，背起来轻松无压力。建议最好在早上起床后一个小时以及晚上睡前30分钟来背诵单词。这两个时间受外界信息干扰度最少，也最能集中注意力。6.背了又忘了等于没背，不要老想着背新单词，多多回顾背过的单词，这点很重要！7.做好长期复习的准备，考研英语是一个长期复习的过程，从词汇到阅读再到作文，循序渐进，缺一不可。分享一份考研英语书单，有单词书、真题书、作文书，应该对你有用。英语基础薄弱的话，强烈安利英语一的《考研真相》/英语二的《考研圣经》。所以，别再问2020考研英语二过线难吗？英语初期应该怎样准备这个问题了，想考研就去行动。看完记得点个赞哦，这么多字真的码的我不容易啊！

今年的大纲提前发布，对考研的同学们来说确实再好不过，因为大纲提前发，就意味着大家可以早两个月清楚地了解到最新的命题规则，准确备考。一、大纲变化，我们如何应对？考研大纲是当年全国硕士研究生入学考试命题的唯一依据，也是大家复习备考必不可少的工具书。由于考纲的变动一定不是无来由的，新大纲变动的部分，一定是重点部分，让大家第一时间了解可能命题的知识点，这样大家可以不用像前期阶段那样的广撒网，导致时间上非常紧张。高教考试在线考研英语教研室第一时间拿到了2020考研英语新大纲，根据大纲，对知识点进行逐一复习，对变动的知识点，仔细揣摩其增加或修改的内容，为大家制定了更加贴合大纲的复习计划。二、逐个击破，快速提分对于基础不太好的同学，英语学习中背诵单词和语法学习是要贯穿整个备考过程始终的，对于其他题型，从目前至8月份，五大题型全面接触真题，初步学习解题技巧，9至11月份，紧贴近10年真题，进入精细化提分阶段，12月份是临考阶段，我们要稳定各题型做题状态，复盘错题，查漏补缺，尤其是作文。针对英语（二）的五大题型，现在我们来谈一谈大纲发布后我们到底该如何各个击破，快速提分。1、第一大题型——阅读：传统阅读共分为六大题型：例证题，态度题，猜词解句题，细节理解题，主旨题和段落推断题。对于例证题，我们首先要明确何为论点，何为论据，论点一般出现在段首句，论据紧跟其后。根据例证题题目中的关键词回文定位，抓住论点，排除干扰项。对于态度题，首先我们要看选项，一般态度题的选项可以分为可以选择的选项和不可以选择的选项，可以选择的就是那些支持的，反对的或者客观的，不可以选择的就是那些主观性特别强的。我们可以根据定位句找出答案，尤其要注意哪些转折句，疑问句和首末句。猜词解句题一般有语义一致和语义相反两种情况。语义一致一般从并列结构，论点与论据的关系和总分结构中可以判断出来，语义相反可以从转折，对比和让步的语句中判断出来。细节理解题在所有题型中占比最大，可以利用题文同序的原则模糊定位，然后利用题干和选项中的关键字准确定位。主旨题是对文章大意理解的综合考察，一般采用首段解题法，尤其是首段和尾段，将各段段首句联系起来，看出现的高频词，结合选项，排除干扰项。对于段落推断题，首先根据题目识别该题型，然后明确段落中论点所在位置，根据论点与论据的关系进行推断。2、第二大题型——写作：首先我们要明确，写出高分作文不只只是背诵模板那么简单，还在于对有亮点的词汇和句式的总结布局。其次，我们要对自己的文章进行合理的布局，一般都是总分总的结构，开头引出主题句，然后对数据进行详细描述，然后用承上启下的原因句引出自己的分论点，一般分为三条来论证自己的观点，最后归纳总结，预测趋势。3、第三大题型——翻译：对于翻译呢，大部分是在考察我们的功底，但也有一定的做题方式，首先要通读全文，了解主题，然后逐句翻译，在理解原文的基础上，遣词造句，最后修改校对，润色成文。此过程一定要注意对词，短语，句子及特殊结构的翻译。4、第四大题型——完型：在答完型题的时候，首先要精读首段首句，把握文章主旨大意（细节服从主旨），然后观察选项，判断题型，最后带回原文，确定答案。在解题过程中要注意介词的辨析，逻辑关系的辨析以及固定搭配。5、第五大题型——新题型：新题型一般分为两种形式：多项对应和小标题对应。多项对应的篇幅较长，不需要通读，多是考查人物与观点的匹配。我们需要根据题目左侧所提供的人名，浏览全文进行定位，然后浏览题目右侧的7项信息与原文定位处信息匹配。首段不命题，通常为文章主旨。考查概括段落中心，为段落匹配标题的能力。小标题对应，通常是先阅读文章首段，确定文章主旨内容，然后浏览正文前面的7个小标题。浏览命题段落，判断段落论点。（中心句或者中心词）如果遇到难题，可以先跳过，最后再做。最后希望各位同学们分阶复习，掌握技巧，备考成功！

考研英语历年来都是考生考研复习的重点，因其题型设置复杂，阅读理解长难句多而让众多考生头疼，考研英语从难度上来看实际上高于英语六级难度，因此考生在做题时会感觉比较困难，每年考研英语结束都会听到考生关于考研英语难度的吐槽，尤其是今年考研英语考试结束后，有许多考生都说今年考研英语难度特别大，那么2020考研英语是否难度史上最大？在此作为考研老师，根据自己对这几年考研英语试题的研究，认为2020考研英语难度与2019年考研英语难度持平，难度低于2018年考研英语难度，并不是难度史上最大。主要依据有三点：一是从考研英语阅读理解来看，这部分分值占40%分数，2020考研英语阅读理解试题中没有特别有争议的选项，各个选项之间的差异性比较大，考生不容易受到迷惑。在阅读理解中长难句也不多，考生阅读后很容易翻译出来，也没有太多超出考研大纲的考研英语单词，整体上讲考研英语阅读理解难度与2019年考研英语持平，因此2020考研英语难度并不是史上最大。二是从考研英语作文来看，考研英语分值占用分数30%，2020考研英语小作文没太大难度，甚至比2019考研英语作文难度还要低，考生不会感觉无处下手，考生只要把平时学习记住的英语句子和模板运用上就轻松得分。而英语大作文主题几乎是考生平时复习到的知识点，写作起来难度也不大，很容易把平时的一些作文模板套用上。综合来看，2020考研英语难度与过去几年的考研英语作文一样，延续了作文难度一般的出题风格，并不是难度史上最大。三是从考研英语其他题型来看，这部分分数大概有30分，分别是完形填空、新题型、翻译题，今年考研英语的完形填空虽然有一定的难度，难度比2019年考研英语难度略高，新题型在选项设置上要比2019年考研英语难度要高，翻译题难度没太大难度，难度与2019年考研英语翻译题难度持平。因此从上述三点来看，阅读理解难度与2019考研英语持平、作文难度要略低2019考研英语作文，其他题型部分难度略高于2019考研英语难度，综合起来2020考研英语难度与2019考研英语难度持平，因此难度并不能称为史上最大。但是考研英语对于大部分考生而言仍然是一道门槛，每年有很多考生因为考研英语没有过国家线而没有进入考研复试。那么每年有多少考生英语卡在了英语国家线上呢？虽然没有公开的考研统计资料，但是根据老师每年的考研观察，自己的学生每年至少有30%左右的考生会因为考研英语成绩低，而卡在了英语国家线上，即使这些考生其他科目都成绩很高，也不能进入考研复试，对考生而言非常地遗憾。因此也提醒今后考研的考生一定要把考研英语复习好，这样才更有把握考上硕士研究生。