2020考研数一试卷

2019年12月22日上午，2020考研数学考试已落下帷幕，刚出考场的考生是否对于2020考研数学一真题答案期盼已久呢?文都考研第一 时间带来了2020考研数学一真题及答案解析。以下是2020考研数学一真题完整版的内容，下面就跟随文都考研小编一起来看一看吧，了解一下自己的考试情况吧？数学一以上，就是文都考研给大家带来的2020考研数学一真题完整版内容，希望各位同学可以及时了解自己的考后情况。更多2020考研真题内容，请及时关注文都考研网。另外，2020考研考试期间，文都考研名师会同步带来2020考研真题解析视频直播，敬请关注。

虽然今年考研数学有一定的难度，不过同学们也不要灰心，因为大家都会觉得有些难，不过相信上过文都考研数学课程的同学会稍微的高兴一些，因为在考前的预测中真的预测到了不少题以及知识点。现在，文都考研教研老师带来了2020考研数学一真题解析，同学们来一起看一看吧：数学以上就是2020考研数学一真题解析。在文都考研数学名师的帮助以及大家的努力下，相信今年的数学成绩一定十分理想。大家可以对照2020考研数学一真题解析，进行估分。小编建议大家乘胜追击，早日开始复试备考哦。

2020考研数学一二三的真题（完整版）已经整理，答案在后面，仅供大家做估分参考，不论好与坏已成定数，请大家保持良好心态！数一完整版真题数二真题完整版数三真题（完整版）都说偶数年的数学难，没想到今年心态爆照，我们考场有好几个上午考完数学，下午直接就没来的。通常每年到第二天，大家都非常担心，因为有数学这个大老虎，只是今年的格外的难。对于山村这种数学学渣而言，难于上青天。因为不仅难考，还看不到希望，下面我们来看看大家考完后的留言吧。数二考生的回忆数学一：数一一直是考研数学中的老大哥，我今天上去就在选择题的最后一道上卡了很久，可惜啊！就是不忍心放手，越纠结就越完蛋，但是就是纠结啊！数学二：今天题目还行，考卷的手感不错，就是这桌子有点不好，自己小趴着睡难受啊！数二第一题斜渐近线我感觉自己的基础不够扎实，多半是错了，空了三个大题，其它能编的都编了，明年我得在上考场！数学三：我出来了，感觉难度可以再高一点，反正我也不会，又来摸了摸面值180元的试卷纸！可是我是只听了基础课自己也没做几个题去的，高数大题看着都貌似做过类似的题，我没写几个题，因为我都忘完了。真是大家都发现好难，其实现在已经结束了，大家应该好好休息了，毕竟奋斗了这么长时间了，我要回去补觉觉去，不过大家也不要担心，毕竟宇哥已经发话了今天上午，2020考研数学一已经结束了，经过一段时间的整理，小编已整理并公布出2020考研数学一真题及答案+解析，感谢各位同学的耐心等待，并希望此内容有助于大家。

前情提要2020年的全国研究生考试迎来了第二天的进程，对于一些理科生来说，成败就在于今日上午的“考研数学”。数学应该是所有学生时代的阴影，数学成绩斐然者，必定名列前茅；数学不好者，很容易就名落孙山，毕竟一道数学大题就是12分啊，要对多少道政治和英语题才能换回呀！2020年考研现象考场情况一位考生感叹：千古恨啊！2020考研数学：1道12分题答案算错，自己却没时间改了！的确有些可惜！要想知道考得好不好，站在考场门前就可以一览无余。虽然，考完数学真的会让所有考生就像脱了一层皮，整个人都被抽走的精气神。但是如果有答题不错者，却还是能看出他们从眉梢处露出隐隐的笑意，疲惫之中带有一些愉悦，沉重的步伐里夹带着一丝雀跃。这种无法隐忍的开心，在众人的“面如死灰”中，会显得非常明显，毕竟绝大多数人的试卷，可能是“满篇白”！考研数学考场情况考研数学有多难？直到今天，我还清楚地记得，两年前在考场上，看到数学试卷的那种无力感和绝望感。泰勒展开，拉格朗日还是我的伤痛！曾经也是考过数一的男人，梦想仗剑天涯的男人，现在却成了只会说粗话的中年人！考研数学的折磨，是多年后也会在梦中惊得冷汗淋漓的，心慌气短的噩梦！考研学子数学的“时间刀”从不留情数学为何这般要人为难，因为数学是一步错、步步错。如果一开始就没有头绪，那也认了。可是最害怕的是，自己用了10多分钟终于破题了，好像一切都很顺利的演算到最后，却发现在开头的一个数字算错了的无奈和懊悔。如果有时间修正还算幸事，没有时间那就是人间惨事！可能是眼睁睁看着研究生入学资格就这样在自己的手中溜走！数学啊数学，放过考研人吧！等待考研进场的考生学霸的自信考研数学每年必上热搜，虽然网上一篇叫惨，可是到出分之时，130+，140+却从来不缺人。对于学霸们来说，少做一两道题又怎么样，反正我能保证做过的题都全对，质量过硬不需要数量来凑。只要稳定发挥，专业课照常发挥，学校一直都在跟学霸们招手！学霸的自信学渣要学会鼓起勇气结果永远只是给别人看的，它没有意义，只有价值。但过程才是对自己最好的回报，因为它有价值，也有意义。即使考得不好，明年的你也是有过考场经验的老油条了啊！到时候会很自信！因为数学的一切来得那么熟悉！既然已经结束，大家就不必要为已经发生的事耿耿于怀，毕竟也做不了任何改变了。好好调整心态，准备好专业课，说不明可以来个“回马枪”，考研之鹿死在谁手还不一定呢？所以请拿出专业课最后的记忆版本，然后背一背吧

考生入场前情提要在2020考研的收官之日，考研学子今早上早早地就起床去目标地点待考了，然而冬季的寒冷却没有扑灭他们对数学高分的渴望，因为数学在考研录取中具有关键一票！刚出考场的2020考研学子已经描述了一些考场情况，其中“数一”考生表示：贼难！而数学“数二”考生则表示：炸了！考研人的反馈还去考专业课吗？这些学生还在纠结去不去考专业课？去啊！我弟弟在16年考的时候就没几个大题完全写出来！最后在那强行补步骤。后来他算了算，以为自己最多能考70多分，因为他是按照答案算错的都不给分来计算的。没想到后来他考了105分，还被录取了！所以下午一定要去！不然对不起自己大半年的努力！虽然你无法感知学霸们的强大，但是你也永远不知道对手有多差，下午的科目也同样重要！如果有些人都快交白卷了，那么下午也要准备去看看！去看看也好，说不定没你想的那么糟！至少可以为明年的考研二战铺垫一下经验啊！考生分区考研人，看看女友或男友期待的眼神不到最后出成绩，谁都说不准！而且你交了钱、花了时间，何必要放弃！你看看你的女朋友怎么说的：“哪怕我2020年一年都倒霉，也要让我的男朋友这一次数学顺顺利利地写完。” 甚至有女孩子愿意用2020年所有的运气，换男朋友明年收到研究生通知书！希望你们的男女朋友写的都对！考生入场前数二考生的回忆数学一：数一一直是考研数学中的老大哥，我今天上去就在选择题的最后一道上卡了很久，可惜啊！就是不忍心放手，越纠结就越完蛋，但是就是纠结啊！数学二：今天题目还行，考卷的手感不错，就是这桌子有点不好，自己小趴着睡难受啊！数二第一题斜渐近线我感觉自己的基础不够扎实，多半是错了，空了三个大题，其它能编的都编了，明年我得在上考场！数学三：我出来了，感觉难度可以再高一点，反正我也不会，又来摸了摸面值180元的试卷纸！可是我是只听了基础课自己也没做几个题去的，高数大题看着都貌似做过类似的题，我没写几个题，因为我都忘完了。2020考研人学渣伪装学霸？学霸有话说！一位学霸提议：我觉得以后要来个实名制，说简单的，最后出分没有130分的，以后禁止再次参加考研！有的人说你不能不允许别人说简单，那可以咱们划一个标准，既然简单，考到130分那应该不是问题吧？如果没考到怎么办？牛也吹了，责任也不用负，哪儿有这么便宜的事情！希望大家无论考到什么程度，都低调一点，给其他考生一点空间！你想啊！你一个学渣考得好，学霸失误了怎么办？学霸考得好，再来秀学渣一波，那么学渣估计也没兴趣再考研了！

2020考研已经结束了，首先恭喜能够坚持到这个时候的小伙伴，坚持到考研结束你已经成功了一半，战胜了自己。每年都会有这样那样的原因弃考的人，按照往年情况来算，今年大概有37万人在此次考研中弃考，坚持到考试结束你已经大概打败了37万人。历年考研人数能够打败这么多的人你已经很了不起了，努力了一年，奋斗了一年，拼搏了一年，现在到了你们该放松的时候，在最近几天要好好的释放自己沉积已久的压力，这是你们应得的。别成绩还没出就否定自己听说这次考试政治压得题还算准，英语和数学考得让人心里凉凉的，网上一片哀嚎，我不知道这次的数学对比与2016年考研数学怎么样，2016那次的确压垮了很多考研学子的心理防线，很多人直接哭着出了考场，还有一些人直接后面专业课弃考，而且人数不少！我看了一下2020考研英语，翻译竟然考到了文艺复兴，这个的确比较难，估计百分之九十五的人不会翻译，在加上阅读的蹂躏。数学也是比较难，选择填空的最后几个小题难倒一堆人，还有变态的线性代数，大家都很绝望。张宇老师也发微博说了，数学的确有点难度这么难的卷子格子也比较心疼大家！毕竟谁不想进入考场之后题都是自己熟悉的知识点呢。但大家应该知道，考研不光是考知识面，还考你的心态！考完英语后大家肯定还在想，我英语本来就不好，没有发挥好正常，英语总分也只有100，明天300才是重头戏，可是等到第二天早上数学考完后有些人心态就崩了，如果觉得题目难心情难过可以理解，但有些人直接就弃考下午的专业课。但这样是十分不可取的，特别是2021的要注意！你来考研你要先了解考研的机制，就是你在这个游戏里面玩你要了解游戏规则！考研每年的分数线是按照有一定的比例来进行划分的，比如说是前百分之四十划为国家线以上，就算你英语只考30分，国家线划到这儿就是30分。但你一旦有一科缺考为零分，没有过国家线，任何一个录取机构都不会录取你，不论你的其它科目有多么优秀。你难大家都难，如果你其它各科都能过分数线，估算一下最后一科的分数发现原来自己能够进入复试，但你最后一科你没有去考，那时候你就算把大腿拍烂后悔也没用。准备不够充分，考虑不够全面很多时候失败不是说你知识掌握得不够导致失败，而是你本不该发生的错误导致失败。在考研第一天，在河北廊坊第八中学考研现场，一名考生因为忘带身份证未能进入考场，此时距离开考还有20分钟，但他住的地方离考场太远，同住的其他朋友都已经进入考场了，没办法只好求助警察。在警察开着警车去住处取回身份证后，考试已经开考15分钟，已经不被允许进入考场，就一个身份证的问题，低级的错误，不能进入考场，这是多么遗憾的一件事。考研第二天，新闻报道当天又有一名女生因为准考证未带不能进入考场错过考试。更可惜的是这名女生是二战，承受了一年又一年的压力，因为一个低级的错误努力毁于一旦！所以想我之前的文章说过的一样，考研时身份证准考证是必备之物，准考证多打印几份，放在不同的地方，一份遗失能够有补救的机会。在考点附近要定一个酒店，离得近，如果有事能够及时反应，就两晚，与同学平摊根本就不贵，可是有些同学确不以为然。每年高考研究生考试总能够爆出没带准考证身份证的低级错误，其实这反映了一个中国有些学生无法面对压力或者没法独立的一个情况。平时遇到事情都有父母帮忙解决，没有面临压力，没有面临事情一下全部朝自己涌过来的情况。当有一天独自面对这些的时候，不但慌乱而且手足无措，所以大家还是要适当地独自处理一些事情，这些对自己是有利的。最后麻烦大家给个关注，后面会有考研复试，联系导师方式及邮件模板等各种干货分享，大家有什么问题欢迎私聊我，尽最大努力给大家解惑，感谢你们的格子！

如何看待2020考研数学一？脱离试题完整解析的评价都是唬人的。在这个疫情凶猛的寒假，百无聊赖中，看到网上对20数学又是一片哀嚎之声，于是在这个闷在家都要发霉的春节，重新翻出留在家里、当初考研复习几乎要翻烂的《金讲》，对着它，把2020数一真题默默地做了一遍，整理了一下分析，希望以自己微弱的声音传递出考研的真相，叫醒那些希望清醒突围的人。以下是我对20真题的详细评价与分析解答，内容可能有点枯燥，但如果你能多一份耐心和用心看完，必然有对考研数学全新的认识。2020考研数学一试题详细评价与分析选择题【点评】20考研的第一道题是比较友好的，考查第一章极限中非常基础的无穷小阶数判定，只要对无穷小比较的基本方法有了解，并记住考纲要求的几个常规无穷小的形式，本题很容易得出答案，对于一个正常复习过数学的人，应该不会丢分。不过对无穷小理解程度不同的人，解答路径的复杂程度可能有些差异，这应是真题命制的精妙之所在。比较传统机械的解答是用洛必达法则找到每一个选项无穷小对应的等阶无穷小，然后再判断。对无穷小比较理解程度深一点的，由于无穷小的阶数判断本来就是一种定性的近似程度比较，而选项四个积分的被积函数都是常规等价无穷小的形式，因此可以用常规无穷小对积分中可以用等价无穷小替换的进行替换，快速定性换算出每个选项的无穷小阶数，更快地得出答案。【点评】这个题考查抽象函数一点极限与可导关系的判断，抽象函数性质的判断一直是有点让人畏惧的难题，当年我也不例外，这类题在老版《考研数学超级金讲》的第一章讲无穷小定理时，介绍了一种解决这类问题超实用的通用办法，可以通过无穷小定理将极限中的抽象函数转换为具体函数，试题就简单多了。应对这类题需要一定的运气，方法总结好的全书可以将难题化为简单题，而没有这么深刻总结的全书，这种对知识点深刻考查的题很难得分。考研数学的复习，对于一个数学基础不是非常好的同学，用到一本好的复习全书非常关键，不仅几乎决定着考研数学的成败，还决定着复习过程的轻松程度。【点评】此题表面看起来是综合了向量与二元函数极限的内容，有点吓人，但如果能看清选项的本质，其实很简单，就几个极限计算结论的判断，只要把每个选项按照计算规则展开，结合题目条件算一下就能判断。这也是历年真题命题的一贯风格，形式不断的创新，但本质并没有多少改变，一方面可以考查我们透过现象看本质的能力，另外也考查大家的心理素质。这些都是以对数学知识点本质掌握为基础的。这道题对于有简单数学分析思维以及对可微知识点有理解的同学，应该很容易做对。（4） 是一道有关级数收敛半径结论的判断问题，网上本题内容有多个版本，没有一个版本的信息能进行答案的充分判断，网上几个版本的解析也都很牵强，在这里忽略掉这道信息不全的试题。【点评】本题是一道非常基础的创新试题，对矩阵初等变换的数学关系简单理解的考查。传统考查方式通常是给出一个具体矩阵经过几次初等变换到另外一个具体矩阵，让判断这个具体变换过程的等式，这里是依据一个抽象矩阵经过抽象的初等变换到另外一个矩阵进行结论的判断，在传统的题型上更进一步了，但只要理解了矩阵初等变换的实质，再怎么变也很容易得分。【点评】本题将线性代数的向量与高等数学的空间向量结合在一起考查，是一种考查频率较高的考查方式。这类题，我当时复习刚开始接触这种题时，也有些头皮发怵，但静下心认真把《金讲》对这类题目的方法总结和对应的例题独立练习了几遍之后，发现这类题只要克服胆怯的心理障碍，理清题目条件，或者说是将它的几何条件冷静地翻译成对应的向量关系，题目实质就是考查简单的向量相关性的判断而已。【点评】本题是概率论考查频率非常高的一种常规题，考查随机事件概率公式的变换能力，在本人前面提到关于20考研复习经验分享答贴也强调了这类题是概率论选择题考察的重点，还在贴子中大量的进行举例说明。20年的这道题出的非常好，不难但非常能对我们数学功底的考查。这道题，数学功底不太好，或者具体来说，对于那些整天只知道刷题的人来说，这道题花费些时间，通过机械地计算也能算出来，但对于有一点数学功底的同学，从上面条件中很容易敏锐的发现事件具有对称性，可以少算一个复杂的概率，至少可以节省3分钟时间。【点评】本题是考查多年未考过的中心极限定理，中心极限定理在概率论中地位很重要，但真的是太简单了，我想这个可能是它考查频率低的一个重要原因。今年考到这一定理也不意外，这符合我在知乎答贴中提到的，近几年考题不排除对一些冷门考点的考查，而且我在该答贴中谈到这个观点时，有强调“一些辅导机构老师将考研数学进行重点非重点的划分，实际是坑人的。考研数学内容掌握好了，其实内容并不多，都在考纲之内，当然都是需要去掌握的，而且本来也是能掌握的，尤其是一些所谓的非重点，更易于掌握”。这道题，任何有心复习过中心极限定理的，应该都能拿到分。【小结】从以上2020考研数学一的8道选择题的分析容易看出，如果复习的重心切切实实地落在数学考点内容的理解和基本数学思维的培养上，根本不需要刷太多的题，也不需要有传言中大量的计算（即使机械的去计算）就能解决掉，而复习如果总是依赖于刷题的苦练，一味的追求题型的掌握上，很多基本不太好的人很容易在临近考试的时候，由于长时间专注于刷题而模糊了数学基本内容的掌握，导致大量基础内容的混淆，结果连最基础的考题都解决不了。同时，由于真题形式上的创新性，你刷再多的题，都追不上考试中心那帮老爷子们对试题形式的创新速度，明年考试结束依然只有在网上抱怨的份。一套试题的选择题的难易程度是最能代表试卷的整体难度情况，因为接下来的6道填空题最多只可能出现一道难题，一般来说，填空题是高概率没有难题的。而9道解答题，最多只会出现2道难题，而再难的题两问中总有一问是相对比较简单的，正如我在知乎分享答贴中说的，第一问难第二问一定简单，可以直接用第一问的结论做第二问。就这样按最糟糕的方式算下来，2020年最难的数学一，考出150—4（选择题最大扣分）—4（填空题最大扣分）—20（解答题2道完全不能动手的试题扣分）—7*2（其他7道解答题每道因为小的失误可能的扣分）=108分的成绩应该不是难事情，如果在这个分数以下，要想二战，首先是要对自己一战的复习进行反思，在网上抱怨吐槽是没有任何用处的，而且害人害己！2.填空题【点评】本题是一道常规无穷大-无穷大的极限计算，实质是考查第一章极限重要知识点（无穷小的泰勒展开）的简单掌握，两式通分容易化成商式，由于两个差式的分母均有直接展开的泰勒公式，用泰勒公式展开即得到答案。估计不会有人在这道题上丢分，除非裸考数学。【点评】本题是一道常规求参数方程函数的二阶导数，直接套用求导公式就能得出答案，如果不是计算出问题，一般不应该丢分。【点评】本题将微分方程与广义积分结合在一起考查，看起来有点唬人，但如果有基本的数学解决问题的思维，并不难。【解析】积分与导数可互消，被积函数很容易通过微分方程表示成导数的形式，代入积分即可化简。【点评】本题是加了一点点变形的变限积分的求导计算，如果直接套用变限积分求导公式按照问题给出的求导顺序显然没办法先求得x的偏导数，因为积分号里面有关于x的函数，它没办法移出积分号，因此需要换一个思维，只能先求y的偏导数可以很快去掉积分号，再求x的偏导数，可以求得问题的答案。【点评】本题考查最常见的有一定特征的低阶行列式计算，属于极为常见的行列式计算，丢分的应该会很少。先利用特征尽量化元素为0，然后展开。【点评】本题考查随机变量数字特征（协方差）的基本计算，利用协方差公式一步步计算即可。【小结】填空题是以考查基本的数学量计算为目标的题型，一般来说，很难命制难题，历年中有难题的最多一道，一般是对古典概率模型的考查。20年这6道题，如果扎实理解了每一章计算量的计算过程，应该一分都不会丢。3.解答题【点评】这是一道非常基础的无条件求极值问题，只要按照求最值的基本步骤走下来就能解，这可能是数学史上解答题第一题难度最小的试题。【点评】本题是《新考研数学超级金讲》上的一道原题，被积函数分母显著地为积分变量的平方和结构，《新金讲》上对这类特征的曲线积分计算有专题总结，一般都用挖洞格林公式法。知晓这种方法的，这道原题相当于送分题，不知晓这种方法的，本题可能有点无从下手。《新金讲》上对这道题已经有很好的解答了，以下解答过程照搬了《金讲》，如有侵权，请联系删除。【点评】本题是关于抽象级数收敛性证明和求和，属于难度比较大的试题，不过较难的第一问证明几乎是《新考研数学超级金讲》417页例11.25的原题，除了数列关系式有微小差异外，证明过程几乎一致。这道题属于卷面可以放弃的题。一般来说，一道解答题，5分钟之内找不出思路就可以放弃了。【点评】本题完全是考查大家的心理素质，一道常规的曲面积分的计算题，只不过是在曲面积分计算最不重要的环节（被积函数）上设置了一点唬人的新形式，如果对命题特点稍有意识，必然会想到被积函数中的抽象函数必能在计算过程中消掉，否则曲面积分的值是计算不出来的。本题也几乎是《新考研数学超级金讲》382页的一道原题，除了被积函数有微小差异外，计算过程完全一致的。这道题很能区分数学复习是靠机械刷题来进行的还是靠对数学知识点深入思考理解掌握来进行的，对于前者，这是一道可能读完题目就得放弃的难题，对于后者，一瞬间的慌乱之后能快速看清本质的简单题。看清本质了，按照曲面积分的基本步骤按部就班的就可以得到答案。【点评】本题是一道创新性对中值定理掌握深度考查的试题，应该是卷面难度最大的试题，尤其是第二问，坦白地说，第二问我没有独立证出来，解答过程参考的是21版《新金讲》的电子版。第一问难度对于一般人来说应该也非常大，因为带绝对值的中值定理不等式证天生就是难题，这里几乎没办法利用到中值定理中构造函数的核心的思路。我能证明出来是因为它几乎是老版《金讲》第四章中值定理的一道原题，而且《金讲》对中值定理应用总结的找点取值方法确实给力。【点评】本题在历年线性代数的解答题中也是一道极具创新性的试题，通常二次型经过正交变换之后得到新的二次型为标准型，而这里经过正交变换之后，二次型既不是标准型，更不是规范型，可能考场上不少同学看到这里就已经懵到无法动笔了。基础知识掌握稍强一点的从题目条件应该能反应过来，一个二次型经过正交变换到另外一个二次型，两个二次型对应的矩阵是相似关系，因此通过相似关系可以很容易地解决第一问，第二问则空白。只有基础知识掌握非常全面深刻的同学，在解答第二问时会意识到两个二次型的矩阵最终都能通过正交变换转化为同一个相似对角型，从而建立联系，解得正交矩阵。这就是考研命题的科学之处，一道题可以很明确地区分出不同学习水平的人。令人很惊讶的是，这道题和接下来的一道线性代数题居然是《新考研数学超级金讲—线性代数》177页中连续的两道例题数字符号替换的结果，只不过在这里，真题把《新金讲》中两个矩阵的相似关系用二次型的形式同义替换了，两者计算过程完全一致。【点评】本题第一问求证矩阵P可逆等价证明构成该矩阵的两个向量线性无关，由题目条件不需要拐弯就能直接得到证明，因此，只要对向量组性质与特征向量有点基础认识，第一问就是一个送分题。有时候真想不明白，一些一眼都能看穿的题怎么还会有人能把它做错。应该是刷题太多，把自己刷糊涂的结果吧。第二问明确地求一个可以通过矩阵P的变换得到矩阵A的相似矩阵B，解答这一问需要一点基本的处理数学问题的分析思维，即逆向推演。利用某个条件求某一个量，从正面难以得出答案的情况下，一般可以通过设出所求量，代入求解表达式中，反推来找思路。如果有这种最基本的数学思维意识，这一问也不难，如果机械地希望通过矩阵方程式凑，则几乎难以解答。这较难的一问与《新考研数学超级金讲—线性代数》177页的例5.29的第一问几乎是同一道题，只不过真题把《新金讲》中的三维矩阵、三维向量和矩阵方程做了替换，其他完全一致。【点评】本题是对概率论中唯一的重点内容（离散与联系随机变量的复合函数分布）的考查，在命题上超越传统的两个随机变量之间的函数复合分布的求解，而拓展到了三个随机变量的函数结构，如果没有对这一重点内容求解的本质理解，而依靠机械刷题停留在题型形式上的掌握，本题估计看完题目就胆怯地放弃了。但如果从内容本质理解了这一重点，这类题其实相对比较简单，无非就是把复合函数展开成全部离散变量的交集和，然后化简就直接得到问题的解答了，这个题的两问都是对这一重点内容的考查。老版《金讲》有对这一重点的诸多详解，看20版《新金讲》把它整合为了一个独立的专题，且直接标注为重点内容，相信应该总结的更好。【点评】每年数学最后一道解答题都是固定的考查极大似然估计，这一重要考点是没办法命制出创新性的难题，都只需要按照极大似然估计的固定步骤，建立连乘似然函数，求最值，然后得到解答。因此，每年数学的最后一题几乎都是送分题，可惜不少人会因为前面存在的难题浪费了不少时间，而无时间完成最后的送分题，这也说明很多人在复习的过程中缺乏对应试策略的基本思考，醉心于不动脑子的刷题游戏。本题第一问求两个概率值，只需要按照定义计算即可，很基础的一个问题。【结束语】作为曾经的数学菜鸟，有幸在高人的指点下在2019年考出140+的成绩，自觉个人的经历应该可以给很多像我一样的数学菜鸟以借鉴，于是在2019年的暑假花了两周时间，借回答“不看全书复习考研数学是怎样一种体验？”的答贴分享过一篇关于2020备考的经验文章。幸运又必然的是，在20考研数学一真题中，9道大题中7道难度大一点的解答题几乎都是我在该答贴中重点提到《考研数学超级金讲》20版例题的原题，之所以说必然，因为我当时使用的是2015版，发现2016、2017、2018的绝大部分真题都能在这本书中找到原型，再加上这本书对数学的解析确实让我学起来很给力，当时接触到这本书的时候距离考试的时间已经有些紧迫了，于是我把超过80%以上的时间聚焦于这本书上，我把这本书的高数部分看了4轮、例题当作练习独立做了2遍，线代和概率各看了3遍、把例题当作独立练习也做了2遍，几乎做到翻到书中的每一章就可以把它这一章的全部内容，包括考点解析、例题应用、关键注意事项等按照书中梳理的内在逻辑脉络把它快速在脑海里完整地呈现一遍。2019年大部分考题又在书上能找到对应的原型，因此2019年能考出140+的成绩也不特别意外,而20版《新金讲》比2015版的内容要充实全面得多，一次性能命中这么多真题也不算意外。不得不说，这本几乎低调到尘埃的全书除了每年能命中大量考题外，对数学每章知识点深入本质的解析和对数学知识点内在逻辑的梳理真的给力，尤其是后者，能很快帮助学习者形成数学内容掌握的系统性，对比其他全书，大多是一个个孤立考点的罗列说明。网上可以找到这本书的电子版，我也保留了它的电子版，当时我也是通过电子版认识它的，如果需要可以私信我。某些怀疑论者大可找出来与其他书一比，用事实来说话，不要一提到某个自己没见过的东西就阴暗一厢情愿的乱喷，害人害己。实际上，作为一个考研经历有些波折的过来人，走过之后总结发现，考研数学复习其实很简单，并没有那么多花里胡哨的东西，根本精髓就是找到一本好的复习全书，聚焦于它，把它反复的学透做透，而不是杂七杂八应付任务般地刷上七八上十本题集。不少人可能认为对于考研数学来说，最重要的是一本好的真题解析，这其实是一个根本错误的认识。虽然好的真题解析很重要，但再好的真题解析也只不过是停留在不成系统的、知识散点的、不全面的应用解析，真题只有系统融于数学考点中掌握才能最大发挥其学习的有效性，而一本真正好的全书都会萃取历年真题精华，帮助我们实现这一点。在这方面，我还是要像前面分享的那篇答贴一样疯狂地安利大家在考研中如扫地僧一般低调的《金讲》。20考研数学，我浏览了一下网上各家辅导机构的考后宣传，几乎没有一家能真正拿得出押中或命中20真题的实锤证据，而20版《新金讲》一本书即实锤命中9道解答题中的7道难度相对较大的题目，这就是人家的实力。绝大部分考研数学的失败者，从根本原因讲是过于贪婪，随大流，盲目地跟随他人刷完一本又一本题集，而把考试最本质的数学理论的系统掌握抛在一边，求量不求质，失败之后也不思考自己真正失败的原因，只是一味的在网上煽情地抱怨、吐槽试题命制的科学性，于是每年数学考完之后，都是一片哀嚎。后人哀之而不鉴之，亦使后人而复哀后人也。实际上，中国的数学考试命题，在全球都是领先的，每年数学的试题出的都非常好，不偏不怪，考的是大家数学真正知识掌握的功底，20年的数学也是一样，并不离谱。数学的失败的根本原因在于个人学习方法的失败，而不是命题方。览20年数学试题，除了2题的抽象函数判断、17题的抽象级数、19题的中值定理确实有些难度，其他试题虽然在形式上有史无前例的创新，但如果能对数学知识点有真正的理解和简单联系思维，本质都是很容易解决的。作为曾经的数学菜鸟，有幸在高人的指点下在2019年考出140+的成绩，反复总结考研数学成功的经历，其实两点最关键: 1.清晰的认知考试情况；2.遇上一本好的复习全书，并聚焦于它进行复习。做到这两点，数学至少130+，而不是像各种网帖搞得那么玄乎苦逼。希望这套试题的详细点评和解析能帮助你。在这个漫长的寒假，希望以自己微弱的声音传递出考研的真相，分享有价值的东西，选择回答了一些自己认为比较重要的考研问题，先将全部答贴汇聚于下方，希望能帮助你。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

众多考生都知道，考研是离不开复习资料的，课本除外，没有资料就相当于士兵没有刀枪，徒手上阵。所以，找资料成了每一届考研学生的必须要做的事情，那么，在诸多复习备考资料当中，首推的就是一手的真题资料，这是一手考试资源，利用的好，能多加十几分。下面是2020考研数学二的真题及答案解析：来源：文都（免责及版权声明：仅供个人研究学习，不涉及商业盈利，如有侵权请及时联系删除，观点仅代表作者本人，不代表本号立场）