2019考研数学三真题pdf

2019年考研数学二真题试题与解析2019年考研数学三真题试题与解析2018大学自招和高中竞赛题集合

考研数学真题讲解：每日一练155天一、题目二、解析考研路上，你我同行。加油！关注“泰笛牛考研数学”获得完整历年考研数学真题资料！还可以免费享受在线答疑！关注能考140+分哦~

经过了昨天政治和英语考试的洗礼，今天早上同学们又纷纷充满精神走向考场，因为只要再把今天坚持完，那么自己复习的这一年就有了结果，无论结果好与不好，总归可以好好放松一下了。对于要考数学的同学，今天上午考的是数一、数二或者数三，不过经过小编向一些学弟、学妹们了解，貌似今天的哪一个都不是很简单。在考研考试中，数学绝对是一个可以拉开分数的科目，因为政治和英语大部分同学的水平相差不同，即使英语再好或者再差，最多只能相差20分。但是数学却不一样，数学如果学得好的同学可能与不好的同学相差50分甚至以上。而在今年的考研人数直线上升的情况，数学题目变得稍难也是情有可原的，毕竟报考人数越多，竞争压力就会越大，需要从众多考生中选拔出优秀的学生。小编也是有学弟、学妹考的是数一和数二，所以就和同学们谈一谈今年的数学到底是不是很难呢？首先是数一，数一的学弟从考场下来说有些难度，但是问题不是很大，因为他平时学习就比较好，本来是可以保研到北京交通大学的，但是他想通过自己的考试再冲击一下。据这个学弟说，数一有一两道选择题比较难，而且计算量很大，最后算出的答案他不是很确定。然后就是填空题有一道线代的题目可能时间不是很充裕，而且加上计算量也是不小，他用的是特殊的方法，不确保100%正确。大题的话他表示前面的基础题很简单，基本上都是直接默写写完的，不过压轴题还是有区分度的，可能是我的学弟比较谦虚，他给自己保守估分能够达到120分，当然可能最后分数下来会更高一些。然后就是我的学妹，她考得是数二，数二相对数一来说今年可能要稍微简单一些，不过也仅仅是相对而言。我这个学妹学的是理科专业，在班上成绩也是非常优秀的，但是并没有拿到保研的资格。今年她报考的学校对她来说也是一个挑战，但是她的坚持让我觉得她今年一定能够成功。数二相对于数一来说，首先科目会少一些，没有概率，不过选择题我这个学妹有两道题是蒙的。因为时间不够了，但是她觉得这两道选择题基本上最少能对一个，甚至可能全对。然后填空题她说自己有两个不会，大题的话同样都是基础题答得很容易，还有就是一道线性代数题由于步骤繁琐，途中可能会有不小心算错的地方，但是最后已经没有时间检查了。我这个学妹自己估分的话也仅仅是给自己估了105分，当然我认为肯定是过于保守了。不管同学们考的是数几，数学考试已经结束，中午好好休息，下午准备考专业课，考完专业课后就是同学们放松的时刻，祝同学们下午考试顺利，励志学生永远与你们共同前行！

2010-2019年 考研数学一二三真题 逐题精讲视频已出!!!考研数学真题讲解：每日一练212天一、题目二、解析考研路上，你我同行。加油！

考研数学包括数学一、数学二和数学三。数学一，通常是报考理工科的学生考，考试内容包括高等数学，线性代数和概率论与数理统计。数学二，通常是报考农学的学生考，考试内容只有高等数学和线性代数。数学三通常是报考经济学的学生考，考试内容是高等数学，线性代数和概率统计。下面是考研数据帝为大家整理的南开大学2019年全校数学单科十大考生排名。第1名： 报考商学院 工商管理专业 145分第2名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 143分第3名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 143分第4名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 143分第5名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 142分第6名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 142分第7名： 报考金融发展研究院 应用经济学专业 142分第8名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 142分第9名： 报考金融学院 应用经济学专业 142分第10名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 142分

图侵删/愿离忧01无声之战蘇山海 - 无名之辈（cover：陈雪燃）03:32来自愿离忧一场没有硝烟的战争，就是从去年这个时候开始的。考研，或许是每个大三学生都有过的念头。我本科学的是国际经济与贸易专业，听起来很高大上，对吧。但是三年半下来，我不得不说一句，实在是有点水。会计专业学的我们也学，金融学的我们也学，财政、财务管理我们也学，啥啥都学，啥啥都不精。可是那能怎么办呢，考研转专业太难太难，自己选的路，跪着也得走完。我的目标院校是中国海洋大学，之所以选这个，一是因为，海大一直是我梦想的学校，当时高考分不够上，所以考研时这是我唯一想去的院校。二是因为，妈妈的希望。据我妈说，当年她高考时也报的海大，差三分没能上，这是她一直以来的遗憾，所以寄托于我了。三是因为，我向往大海。图侵删/愿离忧02开端就像上战场打仗一样，你得有趁手的兵器吧。于是，准备工作得先做好。英语一：《1998-2019考研试题》、《恋恋有词》。数学三：《李永乐复习全书》、《李永乐660题》、汤家凤网课。政治：《肖秀荣三件套》专业课：高鸿业第七版的《微观经济学》、《宏观经济学》。03过程前半程主攻英语和数学，下半程穿插政治和专业课。对我来说，我浪费了一个月用在看《恋恋有词》和汤家凤的网课上。不是说它们不好，《恋恋有词》网课话太多，进度很慢，就算用了1.5倍速也还是很慢，两个小时才能看完一单元，有这时间单词早就背熟了。汤老师讲课很幽默，那种正经的幽默，他没跟你开玩笑，但就是戳到你笑点上，就是口音有点严重。当我发现一个月我基本上没掌握什么东西之后，我决定自学。我也没有买同济的课本，我用的大学的高数、线代、概率论课本，不过我有同济课本的PDF版，可以留言找我要哦~我是一个自制力比较强的人，数学成绩也都在90+，所以自学对我比较适合。开始学习之后，我每天早上八点到图书馆。除了上课，每天的学习时间在5-8小时。就这样每天按部就班地学习，等高数学完一本之后，我发现题不会做...（内心OS:不仅题不会做，这考的是个啥啊？学过吗？我怎么不记得，我真的看过书吗？）得，那只能继续翻书，哪不会重新学。这个阶段千万别否定自己，别怀疑人生，小伙伴们和你都一样，学了忘，但你一定要忘了再学！我有思考过这个问题：为啥现在脑子这么笨？跟高三完全不一个水平的记忆力啊...可能是年纪大了吧，唉...图侵删/愿离忧就这样，大三下学期一直在背单词与学数学之间度过，等到暑假时，开始准备政治和专业课。政治我不推荐看网课，看《肖秀荣精讲精练》这本书足够，合理安排时间，比如每天看5-10页，一个暑假正好看完。第一遍的时候仔细看，绿色字体感觉是重点的用铅笔划出来（学了这么多年了，考试重点的敏感度都练出来了）。专业课我是第一天看一章，第二天做配套习题，加强记忆。数学做配套的《660题》，一定要准备错题本，而且一定要分类整理，比如高数的整理到一起，线代的在一起，如果你不怕麻烦，最好再细分成每一单元来做错题本。这样等你以后回看错题会非常非常方便！英语我这个假期是基本放下了，因为真的做不进去真题，一篇阅读我能做一个小时，我也是很无奈，还是继续背单词吧。对了，这个阶段不需要背知识点，因为你背了也会忘，主要是看书，加强理解。等大四上学期开学之后，开始做英语一真题。我一共做了两遍真题。第一轮的时候，仔细认真地做，不认识的单词就查意思，听力听完之后对着原文再听一遍。不要怕时间太长，我最多一套题用了六个小时。政治开始看第二遍书，看完一章就做配套习题。数学开始做真题，不用掐表，但是要按套来做，培养题感。专业课开始看第二遍书，然后把重点的图单独画下来，因为你看书的时候觉得自己都理解了，但是在画图过程中才能真正掌握知识点。这个阶段每天学习大概10-12小时。04高潮图侵删/愿离忧在学校学到十一月份的时候，我回家了。很多人都说考研最忌讳在家学习，安逸的环境助长你的懒惰，根本看不进去书。但对当时的我来说，回家复习才是最佳选择。为什么我这样说呢？因为我们学校的图书馆和教室实在是太难占座了！从九月份到十一月，我每天五点半起床，收拾完之后五点五十在宿舍门口等宿管阿姨开门，宿舍六点开门后要跑着冲向图书馆，然后排队等到六点半图书馆开门。为啥要起这么早，因为六点十分的时候就米有座位了啊！暴风哭泣，我们学校虽然双非，但好歹也是省重点大学啊，还是财经学校，就没钱多建一些自习室吗...早上起太早就会导致上午精神不振，真的很困啊，所以只能用写数学题提提精神。没错，就是写数学题，真的来劲。后来实在坚持不住了，教室和宿舍没有空调，只有聊胜于无的暖气片坚守岗位，图书馆虽然有中央空调，但两三千人多个人抢这么几百个座位太艰难了，我真的目睹过一次因为占座差点打起来的事。回家学习真的很省心，不用早起跑步占座，可以多睡十几分钟，不用跑去食堂买饭，家里想吃啥吃啥。总的来说，除了学习亲力亲为，其它都不用费心，简直天堂。在家我的学习时间、学习效率直线提升，每天13-15小时，甚至有一天学了20个小时，没错那天我学了一个通宵。APP:番茄ToDo最后冲刺的这一个月里，我也崩溃过，会想撕掉所有的书。我一直觉得自己是一个自制力比较强的人，可没想到我有一天也会想放弃。每天边做卷子边哭，爸妈一句无心的话就会让自己难过好久。一根紧绷的弦，似乎轻轻一碰就要断掉。可我知道我不会放弃。桌子上每天会放一包纸，我想哭就哭，哭完擦干眼泪拿起笔来继续学习。因为我知道，总有人在实现着我的梦想，不管结果是否如我所愿，总要在尘埃落定前奋力一搏。05落幕2.20凌晨查到的成绩政治、英语、专业课都考得还不错，就是数学，没想到会考的这么差，比以往做的真题、预测题低了三十分。虽然今年数学难，但130+的还是大有人在。现在还没有出国家线和排名，目前看来我处于复试边缘。这两天到处查了调剂信息，也给很多老师发了申请调剂的邮件。除了调剂，还查了留学、中外合作办学、就业等等出路。总的来说，这次结果，对得起我的努力。虽然我们以后 会有成功 也会有失败但是只要经历这个过程 最终会成长起来我们才二十岁不知道会不会有想象中更大的挫折到来也不知道会不会有比现在更大的幸福在等着我但是 我相信不管是什么我都能做好我们所有人都一定会过得更好凡是过去 皆为序章所有的结局都是美好的，如果它不美好，那就不是结局。愿离忧

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

考研数学包括数学一、数学二和数学三。数学一，通常是报考理工科的学生考，考试内容包括高等数学，线性代数和概率论与数理统计。数学二，通常是报考农学的学生考，考试内容只有高等数学和线性代数。数学三通常是报考经济学的学生考，考试内容是高等数学，线性代数和概率统计。下面是考研数据帝为大家整理的北京大学2019年全校数学单科十大考生排名。第1名： 报考马克思主义学院 理论经济学专业 144.0分第2名： 报考经济学院 金融专业 135.0分第3名： 报考马克思主义学院 理论经济学专业 135.0分第4名： 报考经济学院 金融专业 133.0分第5名： 报考马克思主义学院 理论经济学专业 133.0分第6名： 报考马克思主义学院 理论经济学专业 133.0分第7名： 报考经济学院 金融专业 132.0分第8名： 报考经济学院 金融专业 127.0分第9名： 报考经济学院 金融专业 127.0分第10名： 报考经济学院 金融专业 127.0分

针对考研的数学科目，根据各学科、专业对硕士研究生入学所应具备的数学知识和能力的不同要求，硕士研究生入学统考数学试卷分为3种：其中针对工科类的为数学一、数学二；针对经济学和管理学类的为数学三。数学一考试内容包括高等数学，线性代数和概率论与数理统计，数学二的考试内容为高等数学和线性代数。下面是考研数据帝为大家整理的南开大学2019年全校数学三平均分十大考生排名。第1名： 报考周恩来政府管理学院 公共管理专业 132.0分第2名： 报考日本研究院 理论经济学专业 127.0分第3名： 报考经济学院 应用经济学专业 125.1分第4名： 报考经济学院 理论经济学专业 123.9分第5名： 报考商学院 工商管理专业 123.52分第6名： 报考金融学院 应用经济学专业 123.0分第7名： 报考商学院 管理科学与工程专业 120.0分第8名： 报考金融发展研究院 应用经济学专业 118.45分第9名： 报考旅游与服务学院 工商管理专业 117.67分第10名： 报考经济与社会发展研究院 应用经济学专业 115.5分