考研试题下载

2020考研初试已经结束了，紧张复习了一年时间，终于可以稍微放松下了，紧绷的神经也得到了休息，休息过后，大家还有好好准备下复试，不管知不知道考试成绩，也要好好准备下，本校本专业的考生可能不需要过多准备，但是那些跨专业跨地区跨院校考试的考生，可是要好好的准备了。初试过后，各种真题资源及答案满天飞，不过有的题目不准，有的没有答案，有的缺少试题。今天给大家来过来的也是真题，完整高清版本，可以拿去打印。想要获取历年真题资料PDF版的可以评论留言获取。2020考研真题：政治真题及答案解析，高清完整版来源：文都（免责及版权声明：仅供个人研究学习，不涉及商业盈利，如有侵权请及时联系删除，观点仅代表作者本人，不代表本号立场）

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

考研的历年真题逐渐成为了大家备考的一个风向标，通过做真题，大家可以深刻地去体悟出题人的考核思路，让大家在复习的时候能有所参考，不至于学得稀里糊涂。那么，如何利用历年真题更高效呢？下面文都网校给大家分享一些学长学姐们总结的经验。2021考研历年真题1.利用真题，快速融入考研复习氛围考研初期，21考研人还不清楚考研的方式和难度，通过做一遍各科的真题，就会很快了解自身的差距在哪里了，也能让自己更警醒一些，重视考研复习的每一个阶段。同时也能让你了解到你的基础是否扎实。2.利用真题，反复检测自己的复习进度考研的每一个阶段，都要给自己分配好总结检验的时间，每月至少1次，这样能最快的暴露出你的盲点和弱点。为你下一步的总结奠定了基础。同时，也可以让你更加熟悉考核的重点。3.利用真题，预测把握命题的规律如果你前几点做得足够好了，那么更进一步的标志就是你突然发现，这些考题的命题规律是有迹可循的，虽然每年都会反押题，但是，还是有不少老师很容易就猜到了命题方向，这不是他们有多么神秘，无他，唯手熟尔！就比如文都网校的考研英语名师何凯文老师，几乎每年都能猜中命题方向，这就是经验的厉害之处。其实大家如果历年真题做得足够多，理解得足够深入，也可以有大致的方向判断。这样也可以减少你将时间用在不考核的内容上面。4.利用真题，做查漏补缺尤其是在最后几个月的复习里，由于学习内容太繁杂，你已经没有时间去做很系统的检测了，做做历年真题或者模拟题成了你唯一的检测手段。主要是这时候的心态一般都不稳定，记不住知识点，焦虑等。所以，做做真题不但能快速知道自己哪里不足，还能熟悉考场的做题时间分配。2021考研备考5.利用真题，可以为你打开解题思路每一道题都会有一个最佳的解题方法，节省时间，考核重点。历年真题做得多了，大家会熟悉很多的解题技巧，如果你善于总结，那么你会得到很多意外的惊喜。比如20考研初试的数学普遍很难，但是，如果你平常懂得总结解题技巧，你就会很快地将难题分解，联想。即使你不能保证完整做出，那么其中的大部分过程，你还是能写出来的，步骤分应该能拿得到的。分享了这些经验，也是希望2021考研人能重视历年真题，早早的就应该将这些资料搜集齐全，方便后续的复习。更多免费的学习资源可以去文都网校那里去查看。

有考研er们经常会问关于考研真题，特别是真题中选择题的问题：“学长，经验贴分享的都是真题练习至少刷三遍，但是我刷完一遍之后，答案就在无意识中记下来了，后面再二刷三刷，选择题答案基本上就是秒选，怎么办？”相信很多同学在复习期间练习真题的过程中也会有类似的困惑。事实上，无论是政治、英语、数学，还是专业课，通常经验贴中说的“真题非常重要，至少要刷2~3遍”，这并不是指每一遍刷题，都只是简单快速地选择个答案而已。不同的情况下，刷题的目标都是不一样的。下面我就分以下几种情况详细说明一下——一、练第一遍真题对于一份新的真题、第一遍接触的题，首要目标是选出正确的答案。这种情况下，通常是在规定时间内要完成一整套的所有题目，所以，真题的第一次练习一定要保持有序的答题节奏，注意力集中，思考要时刻在线。这样才能做到不纠结、不犹豫，不会有审题不仔细的情况。练题过程中，不着急、不拖沓，养成属于自己的正常的答题节奏，不确定的题目要做好标记，先按照自己的第一感觉选，或者直接跳过，核对完答案后再去纠正、反思、弄懂每一道题。二、练第二遍真题第一遍题目都做完了，对完了答案和分数后，在回头复盘的时候，就相当于是第二遍接触的题了。这个时候，如果这道题做第一遍的时候选对了，那么在复盘过程中，给自己足够的时间，回想一下：做这道题目的过程中，用到了哪些解题方法？除了这个方法，有没有更直接更好更快的方法？如果没有其他方法，那就看看参考答案的解题思路是否和自己的做题过程中的思路一样？那如果这道题选错了或者被瞎蒙蒙对了，先不要看答案解析，要首先对错题进行自主分析：这道题为什么正确答案是这个？选错的那个选项是哪里错了？解题的过程中哪个步骤出了问题？考查的是什么知识点？以后碰到类似的题型，我应该注意哪些问题？归根结底，这么做就是为了查漏补缺。总结出属于自己的一套方法，以后在做同类型题目的过程中可快速执行，毕竟自己分析真正弄懂了的题目，才是真正消化了的。这样分析完一遍之后，再参考答案解析，对之前总结出来的结论进行优化和完善。或者给自己试着讲错题的解题思路：题目应该怎么做？正确答案为什么对？干扰项错在哪？如果能把自己成功说服了，那这道题目就彻底弄懂了。三、练第三遍&第四遍真题以后，再碰到做过的题，第三遍、甚至第四遍，如果题目忘记了怎么做的，那可以再重复一次第二遍的做题过程；如果题目有印象选择哪个答案，那么，知道为什么选这个正确答案之后，还要重点分析干扰项：比如，归纳命题人的命题思路、设置干扰项的常用方式，同时再复盘，所有做过的题目里，哪些题跟这道题是类似的？可以试着找出来并总结出一套同类型的题惯用的出题逻辑。如果说第一遍练题是站在学生的角度快速选答案，那么第二遍就是站在老师的角度做题目、答案、选项的拆分和解析；第三遍、第四遍练题，则是站在命题人的角度，去研究和揣摩出题思路。不仅选择题可以用这种思路去刷题，其他所有的题目都可以像这样练习第一遍、第二遍、第三遍、甚至第四遍。四、寄语21级考生在真题的练习上是会花很多时间的，有的时候一套真题做完，一个上午就过去了，再对完答案，又一个下午过去了，考研备考后期的很多时间也会花在真题上。所以大家在备考前期一定要尽量把所有知识点掌握，后期练起真题来才会游刃有余。当然，这个过程必然会是很辛苦的，但是，既然选择了考研这条路，那就需要全力以赴，能努力的时候，不要放弃任何一个可以努力的机会。加油！

本例为2006年考研数学二、四试题中的一道考题。【例】（2006数学二、四）【分析】本题主要对带参数无穷小的阶的比较进行考查。涉及的知识点有：无穷小的比较方法，如洛必达法则，泰勒公式，等价无穷小替换等方法。可用多种方法解答。【方法一】洛必达法则是解决这类问题常用的方法，但有时计算量稍大。由题设可知，由洛必达法则，有由上式极限分母极限为0可推得，再次应用洛必达法则，故，即则由（1）（2）（3），得，【方法二】利用泰勒公式法求解此类问题是非常有效的方法，尤其是涉及的函数为简单的初等函数（基本初等函数）时。根据泰勒公式，代入到题设等式中，得，整理并比较两端系数，得解得，【方法三】泰勒公式法为了更好应用泰勒公式法（或其他方法），可对题设等式变形。题设等式可变形为由泰勒公式代入，比较系数，得，【总结】（1）无穷小的阶的比较，是考研高频考点，常用方法有：泰勒公式，洛必达法则，无穷小等价，以及分类讨论；（2）不论是极限运算、求导求积运算，运算之前化简，变形会带来简便。本题变形后，利用洛必达法则进行计算，计算量也明显变小。

本例为2006年考研数学二、四试题中的一道考题。【例】（2006数学二、四）【分析】本题主要对带参数无穷小的阶的比较进行考查。涉及的知识点有：无穷小的比较方法，如洛必达法则，泰勒公式，等价无穷小替换等方法。可用多种方法解答。【方法一】洛必达法则是解决这类问题常用的方法，但有时计算量稍大。由题设可知，由洛必达法则，有由上式极限分母极限为0可推得，再次应用洛必达法则，故，即则由（1）（2）（3），得，【方法二】利用泰勒公式法求解此类问题是非常有效的方法，尤其是涉及的函数为简单的初等函数（基本初等函数）时。根据泰勒公式，代入到题设等式中，得，整理并比较两端系数，得解得，【方法三】泰勒公式法为了更好应用泰勒公式法（或其他方法），可对题设等式变形。题设等式可变形为由泰勒公式代入，比较系数，得，【总结】（1）无穷小的阶的比较，是考研高频考点，常用方法有：泰勒公式，洛必达法则，无穷小等价，以及分类讨论；（2）不论是极限运算、求导求积运算，运算之前化简，变形会带来简便。本题变形后，利用洛必达法则进行计算，计算量也明显变小。

不少同学的数学已经过完一遍了，也有开始着手真题的同学，大家都知道真题的重要性，真题可谓是考研复习过程中的核心资料。现在就开始刷真题的同学可以从87年的开始刷起。如果你的数学还是处于第一遍基础阶段，那就继续学，必用过早的着急用真题，不然真题的价值真的就大打折扣啦！既然真题这么重要，那真题到底刷几遍？市面上真题资料那么多选谁的呀？真题刷几遍具体刷几遍都是看你自己的具体情况、进度等等，以下是参考建议啦~1第一遍刷真题87-04年真题，不用作为考试掐着时间点做，如果错了很多，也不要担心，可能是因为早年的真题风格和现在是完全不同的，你需要做的是找到错误的题对应的知识点，然后复习相关内容，可以针对性的刷下1800或者1000等资料上相关部分的题，也可以回顾强化课的笔记，然后总结下不同知识点的思路和方法。04-19年的真题，就要严格按照时间考试，基础好的建议限时2.5小时内刷完，基础不好的限时3小时，掐短时间可以营造考场氛围，也能让注意力更集中。注意草稿纸上算题要工整，一方面方便检查，另一方面，有些考场可能只给1张草稿纸，自己一定要合理利用。2第二遍刷真题可以根据自己的情况留下2~3年的真题作为考前模拟，等一刷结束后，可以按照专题二刷真题，这个时候你就要清楚每道题对应了什么知识点，什么知识点对应有什么解法，比如求极限，你就要想到基本的极限类型以及定积分定义，幂函数定义，夹逼定理等。然后对于不理解的地方要去复习笔记，资料书，然后再去做做题进行巩固。3第三遍刷真题当二刷结束后，可以三刷真题的错题，这个阶段不仅要做真题错题，还要刷以前做错的题。所以从一刷二刷那会儿可以养成标记错题或者使用错题本的习惯。如果时间充裕还可以每周刷套模拟题练手，主要看自己的节奏而定。模拟题也要保证能三刷，保证拿到题有思路。小Tips如果真题正确率极高，也不要迷之自信，因为可能你刷的题中已经刷过了这些真题，而当你遇到新题的时候可能就没有这么好的手感，这些同学可以适当刷刷模拟题，拓展思维对于二刷错误率较高的同学，也不要过于悲伤，现在暴露情况总比考的时候出现好，抓紧复习相关知识，一定要针对性的做题，总结题型和思路。慢慢就会好起来了，这个时候不要去和别人比，也不要做模拟题，先安心吃透真题。用谁的资料有的同学在用书方面可能会出现不知道用用谁的资料，其实在真题资料大同小异，主流的就是汤老师，张宇，永乐的。比较推荐的是张宇的《真题大大全解》，不仅为专题做了一本书，还将历年真题做成了卷子形式，做的时候更有在考场的感觉，而且真题数量也比较多。当然如果已经买了其他真题也不用换，毕竟都是真题，内容是不会变的。

2019年12月22日上午，2020考研数学考试已落下帷幕，刚出考场的考生是否对于2020考研数学一真题答案期盼已久呢?文都考研第一 时间带来了2020考研数学一真题及答案解析。以下是2020考研数学一真题完整版的内容，下面就跟随文都考研小编一起来看一看吧，了解一下自己的考试情况吧？数学一以上，就是文都考研给大家带来的2020考研数学一真题完整版内容，希望各位同学可以及时了解自己的考后情况。更多2020考研真题内容，请及时关注文都考研网。另外，2020考研考试期间，文都考研名师会同步带来2020考研真题解析视频直播，敬请关注。

网友投稿啊啊啊啊！考研初试成绩终于出来啦，本考研英语76分学姐要给集美们种草1本神仙真题书——《考研真相》4件套！真的真的太太太太好用啦！从一个六级都没过的英语渣到考研英语逆袭76分，我真的全靠《考研真相》！说下这本《考研真相》好用的点，听完你肯定会心动！（1）文章解析超级细！《考研真相》最大的亮点就是里面的文章解析超级详细，每个句子都有解析，而且还是图示的分层讲解，你跟着解析看就能看懂。当然了，就算语法基础不好，看着这个一级注释，二级注释，把每个句子的主干、成分都讲得很清楚，你看的时候，就会发现，你的脑子是跟着这个解析一步一步走的，逐步理解句子并掌握，再回头去看文章意思，就会发现理解起来很通顺，也不会有障碍，这就是《考研真相》的好用之处，原来讲得细，真的有用！效果是你自己完全能感受得到的！（2）翻译很贴心，逐句翻译+全文翻译！《考研真相》有2种翻译形式，逐句和全文翻译都有，你想详细分析句子的时候就看逐句的解析，想通读文章的就看全文的翻译，很方便，随你灵活安排！个人真实体验：《考研真相》真的太适合英语基础弱的考研党了！因为它每个句子都讲，你哪句不懂就看哪句就好了，句子拆开了看，难句子也就变成了简单句，语法基础不好还能跟着学，真的很有用！而且除了句子，重点的单词也有意思和用法的注释，看的时候不认识这个单词，也不用再查单词书或者百度了，多省事儿！如果你英语四级没过、六级没过、六级没上500分的话，我真心建议你选《考研真相》，去吧，用了你就会回来感谢我的！（提示一下：英一的用《考研真相》，英二的用《考研圣经》，别搞混了）下面就来分享一下怎么做真题的吧，做真题你可以参考以下5步方法：第一步做完真题后先自己翻译，遇到不认识的单词时，立刻把它记到笔记本上，一定要把它弄懂。主要是记这个单词在真题中的意思，至于其他意思不要管。其他不认识的单词以此类推。第二步遇到不懂的长难句，你就可以看看英语二的《考研圣经》、英语一的《考研真相》上的一句一句的句子图解，解析详细，学着拆分这个句子，把这个长难句搞明白，打好基础。长难句不要力求一遍就解决，很多长难句要通过反复的琢磨才能解决，第一遍不行，第二遍，第二遍不行，第三遍，等到第十遍的时候，我相信长难句一定可以解决。把特别难啃的长难句记下来，花时间去研究，把它解决掉。第三步做题的时候首先要看题目问的什么，通过问题定位到原文的哪一个点，找到原句子，进行分析，选出正确答案并且要思考：为什么选A，为什么不选BCD，一定要搞清楚原因。第四步做完题后，把全文在不看译文的情况下，翻译一遍这样做的目的是锻炼你对句子整体的把握，培养你的语感。让你知道知道整句话是讲的什么。第五步大约一篇文章下来差不多2个半小时，可以一篇文章用2天来解决如果是2天的话，那么第二天翻译的时候要把句与句之间的关系思考一下，上下句是什么关系，进行一个大概的梳理。