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2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

考研中有一个重要的复习资料，就是各科目的往年真题。由于真题数量有限，很多童鞋都有一个疑问：什么时候开始做真题比较好呢？经常刷经验贴、逛考研论坛的同学，可能会看到这样一种观点，”因为真题很珍贵，所以要晚做“。惠园教育小编并不是十分赞同这个观点。事实上，“真题很珍贵”同“真题要晚做”根本构不成因果关系，恰恰相反，正是因为真题很珍贵，所以作为考生，我们一定要尽早了解真题、熟悉真题，做到考点清楚、思路清晰。谁占领了先机，谁就为后半程的复习打下了坚实的基础。考研真题很重要，不要犹豫该什么时候做考研真题，你应该思考的是，如何快速找到真题，高效使用考研真题，如何通过做考研真题，从中摸索出命题人的出题思路和命题规律。一、如何快速找到真题对任何一位准备考研的同学来说，历年考研真题的重要性是显而易见的，其他的复习资料可以不买，但前几年的真题是必不可少的。收集历年真题，一直是很多考生头痛的事情，因为大部分院校，不对外公布历年真题，所以，网络上流传的，大多是“回忆版”，不全，而且可能错漏百出。但是也有一部分院校，会在官方网站公布自己院校的历年的真题，供考生下载使用。其实寻找真题也需要好的方法，不然会白白浪费很多时间和金钱。下面为各位考研er提供一些过来人的经验，总结了以下几种方法来帮助大家找真题。1、学校官网查看院校自身的官网，有些学校会公开发布历年真题。2、各大院校考研论坛在各大学校网站的BBS上，总会有热心的师兄师姐介绍自己的考研经验以及上传专业课的考研真题，甚至有过来人连答案也一起贴出！这些帖子在论坛上也很容易找到，因为通常是加精或者置顶的。在百度等网站上发帖求助，一般也会有热心人回复。但是这个考题的准确度和真实性就无从考量了。 3、考上目标学校的师兄师姐“借”如果是本校有师兄师姐考过同一个学校的话，找师兄师姐借考研资料是最好不过。这里的借打了引号，是因为一般找师兄师姐借复习资料的时候，他们都会比较大度地送给自己的小弟小妹们，尤其是对于已经考上的师兄师姐而言，一般在这个时候还处于成功的喜悦当中，对于师弟师妹们的要求当然是来者不拒，更会主动介绍自己考研的经历以及报考专业的情。这对于考研的同学们来说那真是一举两得。每年毕业前，各大高校都会有跳蚤市场，有条件的同学可以去逛逛，运气好可以淘到师兄师姐用过的考研资料，更能因此认识学长学姐。4、考研QQ群QQ群里有很多共享的考研复习资料，考研真题是必不可少的。一般在考研BBS上面会提供不少QQ群供大家在考研路上相互鼓劲。向QQ群发出申请要求加入，一般都会批准，然后就有海量的资料可大量下载。而且在QQ群里，会很快找到大家一起奋斗的感觉，有利于进入状态。QQ群里的考研人很多，最好是能找到本科同一院校或报考同一专业的，因为这样很多真题资料可以共享，和很多相同专业的同学讨论1小时，胜过自己苦思冥想好几天！5、目标院校书店和复印店基本上各高校研招办都会卖各专业5年内的真题，一般是都不贵，有的学校会提供邮寄，如果不提供邮寄的话，那就只有托人买了，或者勤快一点的话，也可自己赶到学校去买，顺便看看学校的环境，憧憬一下自己在这里读研时的场景。去目标院校买真题无疑是最放心的途径，但是成本也比较高。6、利用网络资源（1）利用网络搜索引擎，进行关键词搜索，会有很多网页，一些机构的网页，能够找到一些；（2）到各大网络文库去找，比如百度文库、豆丁文库、道客巴巴文库等，以及一些博客文章等。（3）到网络云盘去搜索，有些人会在云盘分享历年真题。7、淘宝店铺购买通过淘宝进行购买，有些人会专门售卖真题及答案解析，不过大家在购买的时候，一定要注意辨别真伪、年份，以及齐不齐全等问题，不然买了假真题也是劳民伤财。一定要选择那些开设时间比较长，信誉比较好的店铺。8、从专业课辅导班上得到一般辅导班会发放专业课的真题及复习笔记。当然，要不要选择报辅导班，还是看自身情况而定。二、如何高效使用真题由于政治是时事热点和背诵结合的科目，出题倾向受国家、国际大背景影响，真题的重复率低，考场上见到原题基本上是不可能的，所以政治的真题价值相对有限。而英语和数学则不同，由于采取题库制命题，出题规律比较明显，真题利用价值极高。真题的价值大致呈以下顺序排列：数学＞英语＞专业课＞政治下面具体介绍一下如何使用真题：1、近三年考研真题用来摸底自测可以把近三年的考研真题先预留出来，放在一边先不要做，等复习有了一定基础之后，用之来进行模拟自测。年份近的考研真题，最接近真实考试难度，用来考前自测效果最好。考前模考时一定要尽量模拟真实的考试时间，寻找接近真实考场的环境，对完答案后，不必过于在乎分数，认真分析错题原因，查缺补漏，回归课本，学习掌握不清的知识点。2、深入研究十年考研真题的出题规律考研真题作为最宝贵的复习资料，绝不能草草的做一遍就完事。一般来说，考研真题要做十遍，第一遍用来做题，第二遍、三遍用来纠错、总结错误原因，第四到七遍可以用来深入研究总结，比如出题方向、出题规律、考点分布、常见的错题的设置陷阱、以及正确答案的设置原则。考研真题不能光去做，还要认真去研究它的规律，等你摸清出题人的思路，你便能更好的避开出题陷阱，更好的预测出题方向，做到心中有数。3、以考研真题为指向，建立知识体系然而，光研究考研真题，吃透考研真题还不够，因为毕竟考研真题只是覆盖了少量的高频知识点，做考研真题只是考研复习的一种手段，而考研复习的真正目的是建立起完整的知识体系，同学们可以以考研真题为指向，回到知识本身，把课本上的基础知识牢牢掌握。在不同阶段，考研真题具有不同的作用。大家根据复习阶段以及自己的复习程度来分配真题的使用。除了留下用于模拟的真题，其他真题都是要反复研究的。三、各科真题如何使用1、政治由于政治是时政和背诵总和的科目，真题的重复率极低，出题倾向随大环境(国家、国际)而定，所以政治的真题价值可能相对就要低点了。政治历年考试基本都偏重基本知识点的考察，所以我们更多的是要全面了解考试大纲中指出的全部基本知识、基本概念、基本原理(规律和论断)，可按大纲所列的知识点，提出问题，回答问题，并力求理解和记忆。对于政治真题，通过对试卷的分析，可能更多的是需要你掌握基本知识点后要学会加以灵活运用，如果只是背下知识点，不一定能够把题做对，如果一旦换个说法，有些同学就做错了，所以要求大家不仅要会还要懂，将知识点融会贯通。2、专业课专业课方面，往往学校与学校、系与系之间差距较大，真题的价值也各不相同。但是根据大部分老生和科系的经验，专业课方面真题的重复率极高，如果在复习的过程中能拿到近几年的真题，那么在专业课考研中取得高分可能会更容易些。了解了真题之后，我们还有了解一下真题答案。因为通过答案，我们也能了解出题学校的风格，有的学校注重基础的考查，有点像期末考试；有的学校注重对考生学术潜力和文采的了解，有点像写毕业论文、所以，真题的答案也就十分重要了。总的来说，专业课真题的使用要明确下面几点：（1）把握命题风格因为每年的同一章节往往是由同一位或几位命题人命的题，从而可以洞察他们的命题风格，例如是重能力、重基础、还是重应用，书本知识还是延伸扩展知识等等。例如难易程度、考查趋向，是注重基础知识、应用能力还是发挥能力，以及是否存在偏、难、怪等现象。（2）明确专业课考试的题型例如选择题、简答题、论述题、案例分析题等题型类型；通过分析真题，就可以分析得到历年考试什么题型最受关注、什么题型最难答等，从而在具体的复习过程中，提请注意，并在实际练习中，有所侧重关注。（3）可以预测专业课考试范围和考试的高频考点通过对真题的分析，可以发现一个非常普遍的现象，有些知识点同一个学校隔几年都会考，甚至每年都考。相同专业同档次的学校专业课也会反反复复考。这些反反复复考的知识点就是老师容易出题的地方，需要考生高度重视。3、英语英语真题的价值，体现在阅读。如果你做了考研英语阅读，你一定会真正推翻真题要后做这个观点。考研英语阅读与四六级，甚至托福都大不相同。举个最简单的例子，如果把考研英语阅读翻译成汉语，那么你还是很有可能做错题。为什么会这样？很简单，考研阅读不仅考英语能力，更重要的，它考得是你对文章的理解，对出题思路的体会。因此，考研英语的真题确实是很重要，但是并不是说一定要反复做多半。在现阶段，你可以每天的题量都很少，比如一天一篇阅读。但重要的是做完后的分析。其实真题是可以早早做起的，但是你要懂得如何利用和处理它。真题是考研复习资料中的重头，在什么时候使用和如何利用都是需要自己去注意和解决的。考研真题往往需要我们至少做上3-5遍，才能吃透出题人的意图，找到一些命题的规律和答题的技巧。可试卷只有一套，还想做第二遍怎么办？这时候，一种办法是可先用铅笔做，对过答案总结完成后，再用橡皮擦掉痕迹，反复利用。还有另外一种办法：复印3-5份真题或者多买几套真题。这样一来，就可以“肆无忌惮”地在试卷上勾勾画画了。当然，这种方法会增加一些考研花费。4、数学考研数学又分数学一、数学二、数学三，具体考查内容，略有不同。但是复习的宗旨是不变的，那就是充分利用好真题。数学真题的价值，体现在对难易度、出题点和题量时间的把握。考研数学的复习，我们虽然不提倡题海战术，但还是需要一定做题量作为基础的。面对做题时，我们的心态很重要。第一、题目做得好，不要骄傲，做得好并不代表你的成绩就一定好。第二、题目做得差了，得分差了，也千万不要灰心丧气。大家一定要调整做题心态，要尽量把精力放在知识上，而不是分数上。在做题时，不要测试分数，只要能把这几套卷子都吃透，以做试卷，做题为主线来带动知识点的复习，从而查漏补缺，做到科学预测。考研数学后期的复习，要以真题为中心，围绕真题反复复习全部的基础知识，只要抓住真题，就抓住了考研数学复习的“骨”。考研真题真的真的很重要，所以在里再啰嗦一句，一定一定要好好利用真题，期待大家都可以圆梦目标院校。

来源：新华网（ID：newsxinhua）资料图“考划线部分但卷面上没划线”“去年的试卷今年拿来继续考”……这两则2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试试卷出错的新闻引起网友关注。近日，涉事的两所大学分别给出了处理决定。中传考题出错，地大发错试卷近日，有考生爆料，在2016年12月25日进行的全国硕士研究生招生考试中，中国传媒大学汉语国际教育专业试卷出现错误。考生反映，一道25分的题目要求翻译文言文并分析划线部分，但卷面上并没有标注划线。考试时，有监考老师“建议不做那道题，先空着”。无独有偶，中国地质大学（武汉）地球科学学院在2017年硕士研究生招考中也发生了类似失误。2016年12月30日，校方在其官方网站上发布通知，称由于工作失误，《普通地质学》（自命题）科目考试使用了错误的试卷。校方回应中国传媒大学研究生招生办公室张老师介绍，试题出现失误的是研究生考试初试自命题的汉语基础科目，第6大题第2小题，整个大题要求翻译5个文言文的句子，并让说明“划线部分在意义用法上的特点”。“经过我们核实卷子，题目上确实没有标注划线部分。出错部分涉及分值为10分，涉及报考学校汉语国际教育专业的考生263人。”张老师告诉记者，对于此事，目前基本情况已分析确定，但出错原因还在调查中。“事后我们及时跟学校做了汇报。学校的意见是，出错这部分题目所占的10分全部进入考生得分。”中国地质大学（武汉）公告中称，根据国家研究生招生管理相关规定，报省级教育招生考试机构审批后决定，1月7日将对发错试卷的科目进行补考，相关考生均须参加，该科目成绩以补考成绩为准。此外，补考不收取考生任何费用，而且学院可以为考生报销城市间的交通费，提供食宿费、市内交通费定额补助。考生吐槽一位考生告诉记者，考试时发现题目出错后，他立即向监考反映，监考也向上级反映了。在考试快结束时，有老师过来说不用做那道题，空着那部分。“但那时我已经完成了部分题目的要求，自己猜了几个词写上的，时间太紧张了。”该考生说，“出了这种问题感觉挺尴尬，毕竟是只要看一遍卷子就能发现的错误。”而对于中国地质大学（武汉）的“补考”决定，一名考生表示，自己考完试后就回老家了，没想到还要继续备考，回武汉参加补考。“学校出现这种低级失误实在不应该，但也理解这种处理办法。听说发错的卷子是前一年的，那一定有考生之前接触过，对其他人就不公平了。”试卷出错，谁来“背锅”？“由于我们的工作失误，给你带来了很大的不便，对此深表歉意！——中国地质大学（武汉）在公告中表示”中国传媒大学研究生招生办表示，“长期以来，学校很重视研究生考试，没有出过类似错误。学校将来会从各个方面加强管理，包括梳理流程等，在招考程序上更加完善，杜绝类似情况发生，确保考试公平公正。”对于不少考生质疑的“试卷出错后校方为何迟迟不回应”，张老师表示，“回应必须代表学校的整体意见，尽量保持公平和公正。招办在向学校汇报后，还要向教育部备案处理意见。目前的处理意见是我们得到备案、分析完成各种因素后得出的。有关说明将会按照国家、学校的要求以妥当的程序来答复考生。”对此次试卷问题，该校研招办还表示，将认真核查问题原因，完善自命题工作流程，加强对命题相关人员及工作环节的管理。考研大事，岂能儿戏？在对近日两所高校考研试卷出错事件的讨论中，一些网友表示，自己也有过类似的经历。“机械原理好多题目要做图，专门的答题卡都不发。”“我参加管理联考，发的却是政治的卷子。”“开考半个小时了，考场还是混乱一片”……“此类问题并不难防堵，原本不应该出现。这反映出一些高校工作人员工作没有尽职尽责。——中国教育学会名誉会长顾明远”顾明远认为，尽管存在考生数量众多、组织招考工作细碎繁忙等实际困难，但学校应秉承对每一个学生负责的态度，严肃认真地对待选拔考试的每一个环节。中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖认为，此次两所高校出现的问题要查清原委、严肃追责，但更重要的是，要进一步推动完善招生考试制度。“出题、监考、判卷等各个环节，都需要建立专业的标准，组织专业的队伍，需要学校、监管部门共同努力。”“招生考试关乎学校发展的基础，更直接影响到每个学生及背后家庭的命运。”顾明远表示。教书育人应在细微处，毕竟教育无小事！综合：新华社、中国青年报本期编辑：胡洪江、蒋波觉得不错，请点赞↓↓↓

19考研已经落下帷幕，大家现在最关心的问题就是考研成绩了，有同学甚至咨询过相关考研网站有关阅卷的问题，比如我本科学校是湖南的，但报考的是北京的院校，在湖南考试，那么阅卷评分是在湖南还是在北京呢？今天，我们就一起来聊聊这个话题：考研阅卷在哪里批改？有水旱区之分？网友质疑：阅卷真的公平吗？01 考研试卷在哪里批阅？统考试卷和自命题试卷在阅卷地点相同吗？研招网在每年的9月中旬会开设在线咨询周，相关工作人员将对考研学子在备考或报考过程中提出的问题和疑问进行解答。关于考研试卷在哪里批阅的问题，小编查看了好几个省份的官方回答，得出了比较靠谱点的结论是：统考试卷由报考院校所在省份评阅，而不是考试地所在省份，自命题试卷则由报考学校统一评阅。02 水、旱区是什么？是否有阅卷水、旱区之分？考研阅卷的水、旱区是按照阅卷时的松紧程度来划分的，有些省份给分比较松，就称之为水区、有的省份评卷比较严，压分比较低就被称为旱区。爱研究善总结的小伙伴还特意总结了一份考研评卷水旱区一览表，小伙伴们可以参考下，看看自己报考院校的省份是水区还是旱区（不保证一定准确）。从图中可以看出浙江、北京、天津、福建、江苏、上海等地阅卷比较严格，分会相对压低些。靠近西北地区的省份阅卷则相对宽松些，如云南、贵州、青海等地。03 网友纷纷质疑：考研阅卷真的公平吗？对于考研阅卷公平性这个问题，小编只能说公平是相对的，并不能保证绝对性。很多人担心水、旱区评卷的区别会影响阅卷的公平性，事实上，并不会，因为同一个地区的阅卷评分标准是一样的，也就是说要旱大家一起旱，要水大家一起水，你和你的竞争对手适用的是同样的阅卷标准。你的竞争对手是和你报考的是同一个地区同一个学校同一个专业的同学，这就无所谓什么水、旱区之分，同一个地区报考同一所高校的同学要么分数都偏高，要么都偏低，专业课也是一样，由报考院系的老师统一阅卷，采用的是同样的评卷标准。但阅卷也不可能有绝对的公平，作答主观题时卷面的工整度、答题的要点凸显度、字迹清晰度等都可能会阅卷老师带来一定的感官上的影响，毕竟阅卷工作量大，相对应地，阅卷速度也比较快，这就也会给阅卷工作带来一些偶然性偏差。以上整理分享给大家，欢迎评论区探讨和补充！如果觉得小编的文章值得一读或者对你有所帮助，记得关注、点赞、收藏和分享喔，比心~~

原标题：四川一高校考研试题内容出现偏差 校方：已安排补考中国青年网北京12月24日电 (记者 李华锡)12月23日，有参加电子科技大学2019年硕士研究生考试的考生向中国青年网记者反映，电子科技大学研究生考试自命题科目《固体物理》(科目代码：818)考试中，试题内容出现偏差，导致无法参加考试。当日，该校研究生院向各相关教育考试院、报考点发布通知，相关考生该科目由学校统一组织补考。随后该校研究生招生网发布通知，向考生致歉，补考时间定为2019年1月6日上午。图为电子科技大学研究生招生网发布的《电子科技大学关于2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目补考的通知》。中国青年网记者 李华锡 供图参与此次考试的考生告诉记者，在23日《固体物理》考试中，试卷内容出现偏差，结果让考生干坐在考场3个小时，后收到学校发来的补考通知，通知加盖该校研究生院公章。学生们收到的通知为《电子科技大学关于2019年全国研究生招生考试自命题科目818补考的函》(以下简称《补考函》)，《补考函》称，各相关教育考试院、报考点：因我校2019全国研究生招生考试自命题科目818《固体物理》试题内容出现偏差，相关考生该科目将由统一组织补考。补考时间和地点由我校另行通知。图为电子科技大学向各相关教育考试院、报考点发布的《补考函》。中国青年网记者 李华锡 供图记者了解到，12月23日，该校研究生招生网还发布《电子科技大学关于2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目补考的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。《通知》称，12月23日下午，电子科技大学2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目《固体物理》(科目代码：818)，试题内容与考试大纲出现偏差，无法考核考生相应学科的真实水平，考试未能正常进行。我们真诚的向考生致歉，并将认真调查、严肃追究相关人员的责任。根据教育部《2019年全国硕士研究生招生工作管理规定》，经学校研究生招生工作领导小组研究并报上级主管部门审核，决定对该科目组织统一补考。相关考生均需参加本次补考，考试成绩以本次补考为准。图为网友爆料截图。中国青年网记者 李华锡 供图《通知》发布了补考时间：2019年1月6日上午;补考地点：电子科技大学清水河校区。《通知》称，具体安排将通过电话、短信等方式与考生逐一联系，请考生保持通讯畅通。考生参加补考产生的交通费及住宿费按相关标准由学校统一报销。再次向考生表示诚挚的歉意!记者致电该校研究生院，相关负责人告诉记者，现在考试院已经拟定了补考方案，现已通过正常渠道递交给省考试院和教育部，事件正在平稳解决。23日，研究生院拟定补考函通过四川省教育考试院，发放给各个考试点，并通过考点通知考生。目前，正在等待教育部批复补考方案，批复后会通知到考生。该校党委宣传部相关负责人告诉记者，该事件以学校研究生招生网发布的《通知》为准，其他事宜不作说明，事件后续进展本网将持续关注。

2020年考研初试成绩最近已经陆续出来啦，又是一年一度几家欢喜几家愁的查分的日子了，不知道是不是就有很多同学激动地睡不着觉，半夜起来查分呢？但是大家知道考研试卷是谁在批改吗？如果觉得自己的成绩有异常怎么办呢？今天小编就来和大家聊聊这个话题。考研试卷的批改分两部分，统考试卷，比如英语政治由考生报考学校的所在省份统一进行封闭式阅卷，专业课试卷由报考学校也就是目标学校老师来自行批卷，也就是考试完成之后你的专业课试卷和答案会密封良好的寄给报考院校，由报考院校老师来批改。老师通常会争取在放寒假前完成这件事情，当然对改卷老师的信息是保密的，所有的老师会在一个很大的教室里面来进行一个封闭式的阅卷，教室里面装有监控，然后你的试卷的个人信息部分也是装订密封好的，是看不到的，然后老师进行批改。试卷不得离开监控范围，更不能带出改卷的现场。那么有一个问题来了：如果成绩公布的时候，发现成绩不对劲怎么办？今天小编就来告诉你，如果你觉得你自己的成绩肯定有问题的话是可以申请复查的，虽然成绩更正的情况较少，但是万一有错误的话也是可以更正的，大家不妨一试。具体来说你考的哪个学校就可以向目标院校的研究生院提出复查的申请，复查的时候通常会填一张研究生初试成绩复查申请表，这里要记住一定是目标院校，不是你的考点，比如你是在山东大学考试的，但是你报考的是北京大学，你就应该向北京大学提出复查的申请，因为你的试卷在做完之后，连同试卷和答案就已经一同密封寄到了北京大学，由北京大学组织阅卷，统考成绩就要向你报考院校所在省的教育考试院来提出申请。还有一个问题，有的同学们一直也想知道，在查卷的时候，同学们可以看到自己的试卷吗？这个答案是否定的，一般是不会让考生看到自己的试卷的，因为根据教育部规定，考生本人及其受委托人不得查阅考生答卷。还有一点大家要知道的就是复查仅限于核查考生答卷（试题）是否存在漏评，分数累计、成绩登录是否存在疏漏，但评卷标准宽严则不在复查范围之列，什么意思呢？比如说这道简答题总共5分，阅卷老师给了你3分，但是复查的时候你觉得你的点都答对了，阅卷老师应该给你4分或者5分，你就会提出异议，这里大家要明白一点，改卷老师通常就是出题老师，他（她）有自己的判断标准，所以这个问题不在复查的范围之内，老师要执行他（她）的评分标准，复查通常只是查分数有没有加错。成绩复查也是有时间限制的，通常是在成绩公布的一周内（有的学校甚至更短），逾期就不再受理了，具体以为学校的要求为准。建议考生对本人的考试成绩进行客观分析和正确估计，理性提出复查申请，尽量避免不必要的人力、物力浪费。那么你身边有没有复查成功的案例呢？大家觉得考研试卷登分错误的情况几率大吗？欢迎大家一起来讨论下。畅学苑学习网助您乘风破浪，一次通关！

“研考评卷老师会不会根据考生的本科院校等个人信息，给照顾分？”“英语作文仁者见仁智者见智，评卷老师怎么保证打分公平公正？”带着研考生的普遍疑问，记者走进了北京航空航天大学研考评卷点，一探究竟。严谨的保密举措、严肃的评卷现场、强大的评卷员阵容、严格的评卷员管理、“背靠背双评”形式、统一的评卷标准、安全的网络环境等多重措施共同保障了2021年全国硕士研究生招生初试试卷评阅的公平与公正。日常管理中见安全“请出示您的身份证，完成身份识别后再进入评卷教师专用梯。”评卷基地入口处大门由安保人员值守，所有评卷老师均需佩戴工作证、用身份证“刷脸”，才能进入评卷场地。研考评卷场所不仅工作时间有安保人员值守，工作时间以外也都有安保人员轮班值守。所有工作人员凭评卷工作证才能出入评卷场地。作为北京市2021年全国硕士研究生评卷基地之一的北京航空航天大学评卷点肃静明亮。进入评卷楼层，眼前是十几扇依次排开的大门，每扇门后都是北京的研考评卷房间，甚是壮观。评卷老师正聚精会神地工作，用自己的实际行动保障评卷工作有条不紊地进行。每位评卷员有固定座位和评卷电脑，所使用的密码只由本人掌握，不得告知其他评卷员。北京航空航天大学研究生院研究生招生与学位处有关负责人介绍，研考初试试卷的评卷方式为集中统一网上评阅。所有评卷场地都具备网上评卷所需要的网络设施，且评卷期间网络畅通。评卷场地的网络连接采用局域网的形式，与外网实行物理隔断。需要通过专用网络线路传送数据时，采取相应的安全措施，确保数据绝对安全。评卷现场全程录音录像。在机房内，评卷老师严禁使用手机、照相机、摄像机等有拍照、摄像和传输功能的设备。进入评卷区前，评卷老师要将手机放入准备好的白色透明网袋内，并将网袋放到自己所在的评卷小组的纸箱里，实行统一管理。根据规定，评卷手册及评卷工作证要在评卷工作结束后统一交给评卷小组组长。防疫消杀保健康“按照北京市和学校防疫要求，所有评卷老师在参与评卷工作前都要进行核酸检测；评卷期间要按照规定路线到达评卷场所；进入校区时要出示“北京健康宝”绿码并进行体温监测，要主动配合评卷点完成健康检测和身份核验等工作；进出评卷场所时要进行手部消毒，勤洗手；评卷全程要佩戴口罩，间隔就座，保持社交距离，非必要不聚集，做好个人防护。”相关防疫负责人介绍，评卷点在北京卫生健康部门、疾控机构指导下，定期对评卷场所和食堂等重点区域进行消杀、通风等处理，明确张贴完成标识，确保环境安全卫生。评卷期间非工作人员严禁出入评卷场所。在北京市疫情防控工作总体要求和本校疫情防控应急处置工作机制基础上，评卷点今年增设了一名防疫副组长，进一步明确了职责任务，制定了疫情防控常态化下研考评卷防疫工作方案和预案。评卷点疫情防控小组负责对评卷场所及周边环境、设施、设备等进行日常的清洁消毒，配备充足的防疫物品，对所有参与评卷工作的人员进行身体状况核查，妥善处置评卷老师、工作人员等身体异常突发情况。评分原则中见公正北京航空航天大学是北京市外语评卷点，主要负责英语一、俄语、日语的评卷工作。为保证评卷工作顺利进行，北京航空航天大学成立了两大评卷工作组，分别是针对英语一的评卷组和针对日语和俄语两类小语种的评卷组，其中包含16个负责英语一科目的评卷小组，负责日语、俄语各1个评卷小组。领导小组负责按照教育部、北京教育考试院评卷工作要求，结合学校实际情况，制定实施方案，全面领导评卷工作。评卷专家组负责试评工作，制定评分细则，并提出建议。工作组总组长负责全面把控评卷速度、评卷质量、选聘小组长及培训、组织其他评卷相关工作。小组长负责组织本学科评卷员学习、讨论并掌握评卷标准，统一评分尺度，负责把控评卷速度、评卷质量、试卷仲裁、评卷员现场调度，并撰写书面评卷工作总结及建议。督查组负责对评卷前期准备工作、评卷现场及后续相关工作进行检查，负责协调校外相关单位支持评卷工作。领导小组在评卷前已经组织评卷小组确定了评卷系统中需要的相关参数，包括各科试题编号、满分值、评分模式、小题、最大分值、允许分值、双评差值控制模式、双评差值阈限、复评比例及评卷员构成等。正式评卷过程中，这些参数不得修改。对试卷评分之前，所有评卷老师都要参加正式评卷开始前的试评。在接受了保密纪律教育和评卷规定、评卷程序培训后，评卷员要认真研究试题、答案及评分参考和评分细则，熟练掌握评卷程序，并完成多份随机试卷的试评。其评卷结果稳定在统一的标准要求后才能正式开始评卷。试评时的试卷在正式评卷环节会被正式评阅，试评时的得分不会记录。评卷系统随机向评卷老师发放需要评阅的试卷。在评卷时，评卷员只能看到考生的作答，无从获知其个人信息。而且各科目试题全部实行“背靠背”双评。双评超过阈值的再进行三评或者四评，有效地防止了评阅偏宽、偏严和错评、漏评的发生，保障了公平公正。对评卷过程中发现的违规卷、雷同卷或有政治问题的异常情况，评卷员会及时上报。对有分歧之处，学科工作组集体研讨，达成一致意见后确定处理方案。评卷质检组会对各组评卷员的评卷质量按照一定比例进行抽检，还会对零分卷进行逐一检查。评卷纪律中见严谨从评卷教师专用梯走出来，映入眼帘的就是分立在楼道左右两侧的《评卷人员职责》《评卷人员守则》宣传易拉宝。评卷点对评卷员的职责有明确的规范，对纪律有严明的要求。评卷点严格执行保密要求。全国硕士研究生招生考试属于国家教育考试，答案及评分参考在使用结束前按国家秘密级事项管理。考生答卷在成绩公布前按国家秘密级事项管理。评卷是一项严肃性和保密性很强的工作。按照规定，评卷员都签订了安全保密责任书，如有违背将承担法律责任。比如，评卷老师要履行评卷人员职责，遵守评卷人员守则，参加评卷业务培训，正确、熟练掌握答案及评分参考、评分细则，保证不偏宽、偏严和错评、漏评，不得擅自进入数据处理场所，不能查询考生分数，不能以任何形式将考生作答情况外传，不能记录考生作答情况。评卷结束后，评卷期间下发的全部证件和材料都要收回。评卷老师要抵制外界各种干扰，不向任何人透漏评卷内容，包括有关教师名单、评卷细则、有关的会议内容等，保证不参加任何形式的有关研究生招生考试的补习和辅导活动，不参与相关考研辅导书和辅导资料的编写工作，不发布与评卷工作有关的任何视频、图片或文字信息到网站、微信、微博、QQ、抖音等电子媒体上，不接受有关考试内容方面的任何咨询。

2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试于12月22日开考，全国约290万考生奔赴考场。然而，却频频曝出问题：试题泄露、试题出错、试题与去年大面积雷同、直接发答案......山东师大“考研科目直接发答案”回应：补考，报销交通费、住宿费及餐费2019年考研结束了，日前有山东师范大学考场的同学称，老师把《外语教学理论基础》（908）的考试，没有发试卷，而是直接发了答案。之后，学校出了补考方案，承诺报销交通费、住宿费及餐费。12月23日晚，山东省教育厅发布通报称，2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试期间，山东师范大学自命题科目《外语教学理论基础》、青岛理工大学自命题科目《城乡规划理论综合》发生了试题错装，这是严重的责任事故，影响了考生正常考试，造成了恶劣影响。教育厅高度重视，已敦促两校依据国家有关规定，妥善安排补考各项工作，坚决维护考生合法权益，确保招生考试公平公正。同时，山东省教育厅迅速成立调查组开展调查，已对相关责任人作停职处理；下一步将根据调查结果，依法依规严肃处理。西南大学考研试题泄露回应：已成立调查工作组23日晚，有网友爆料称西南大学自然地理考研试题泄露，所泄露的题目与考试题目完全重合，名词解释考题甚至连顺序都一样。考生所提供的泄露文件据一考生介绍，22日晚，QQ名为“15地信ato”的网友在一个名为“西南大学地理考研”的QQ群里，上传了一份名为“自然地理2”的word文档，文档中罗列了一些考研知识点。虽然上传者很快就将文档删除，但还是有人成功将文档下载。23日，有考生发现，这篇文档所罗列的知识点全部出现在考研的试题当中，尤其是名词解释这一大题的题目，与文档罗列的顺序一模一样，不禁让人怀疑是有人提前将考试题目泄露出来。随后，考题泄露的消息立即其他考生群中扩散开来。考生提供的泄露考题的QQ群文档截图据悉，“西南大学地理考研”的QQ群人数大约在200-300名之间，成员大部分是参加此次研究生考试的考生，目前该QQ群已经无法再加入新成员。考题泄露的消息在网上发酵之后，发布这篇文档的网友表示，自己是西南大学本校的学生，所发布的文档是自己自行整理的资料。图为该网友给其他网友的私信24日早，西南大学在官方微博发布情况通报称，已成立调查工作组，对网上反映的情况，一经查实有违纪违法行为，将依法依规进行严肃处理。电子科大试题出错回应：补考，报销交通费及住宿费近日有考生反映，电子科技大学自命题科目《固体物理》试卷出错，本该考的《固体物理》卷子印的却是电路分析的题，几百名考生面对题目枯坐3小时，无奈交白卷。图片来自微博23日晚，电子科技大学研究生院向考生发布通知称，电子科技大学2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目《固体物理》(科目代码：818)，试题内容与考试大纲出现偏差，无法考核考生相应学科的真实水平，考试未能正常进行。根据教育部《2019年全国硕士研究生招生工作管理规定》，经电子科技大学研究生招生工作领导小组研究并报上级主管部门审核，决定对该科目组织统一补考。考生参加补考产生的交通费及住宿费按相关标准由电子科大统一报销。补考时间定于2019年1月6日上午。电子科技大学官方网站24日晚，电子科技大学宣传部表示，针对《固体物理》试题内容出错一事，电子科大已成立调查组，将尽快出调查结果。山西师范大学试题与去年大面积雷同回应：重考，报销住宿费及交通费12月24日，有网友爆料，山西师范大学中国史卷子和去年雷同。“除了前面的选择题不知道之外，名词解释、简答题、分析题、论述题都一样，我感觉就是去年的卷子。”一名马姓同学说，因为自己做过去年的题，在拿到考试题之后自己也很惊讶，但依然考完了全程。另一位考生也称此次试卷确实与去年的考题大面积相似，并且在23日已收到校方电话通知于26日进行重新补考，26日上午到校报到，下午考试。对于重新要补考，该名考生笑称“认命呗，就当多两天复习时间。”12月24日，山西师范大学针对中国史卷子和去年雷同一事表示，试卷有误，今年中国史考题确实与去年考题出现大面积相似情况；目前正通知考生于12月26日下午2:30-5:30分重新考，对于外地参加考试的考生学校将统一报销住宿费及交通费。学者评论：部分学校随意对待自命题针对此类现象，教育学者熊丙奇认为一些学校为吸引学生报考，对自主命题的质量要求并不高，自命题要求没有统一命题严格，这使自命题的价值打折扣。采取统一命题+自命题的方式，是为了落实高校招生的自主权，也体现不同学科、专业的不同招生要求。学校应该命好自命题，来招收达到本校要求的学生，但有的学校却随意对待自命题，没有用好自主权。高校用好自主权，对进一步落实和扩大自主权的改革极为重要。如果有限的自主权都没有用好，人们就会担心进一步把自主权落实给大学，会出现更多的乱象。他还表示，从研究生入学考试来看，进一步的改革，就是要减少统一考试，增加学校测试，以防止考研的应试化倾向，以及促进招生单位科学选拔人才，招收适合本学科、专业的学生。招生是专业性很强的教育事务，大学必须高度重视，必须健全制度机制，提高大学自主测试的质量，包括面试，应该培育专业的面试官，让面试官有识才的专业能力，而不是任何学科教授都可以担任面试官。来源：新浪新闻

考研初试结束第二天，是不是觉得日子过得慢了许多？小编一直在看大家的留言，看朋友圈、微博的动态，有人说：考研期间从来没失眠过，考完试的第一天晚上，却怎么也睡不着，奇迹般的失眠了；早上六点多就自然醒了，再也睡不着，起床到考研自习室收拾自己的东西，发现教室空荡荡的，座位上已经被贴满了20考研占的标签，那种人去楼空、物是人非的感觉让人真的有点不知所措，好像突然间自己无处安放，不知道自己该属于哪里，该去做什么···；考前一直想玩却没时间，现在有时间了，却一点也不好玩了···“没有早起背书了”、“没有熬夜通宵了”、“没有如山般的复习资料了”、“没有自习室亲切的小伙伴了”、“没有奋斗过的熟悉座位了”、“也没有考研了”···用三个词形容考完试后的状态：心空、迷茫、没动力。不管你是考完就释然静等结果，还是肆意宣泄压抑太久的心情，之后总会归于平静。还是那句话：希望你能尽快的梳理自己的思路，总结回顾考研这一段宝贵的经历，对在哪里，错在哪里，得到了什么，失去了什么，接下来该做什么。我们大家都是成年人了，总归要对自己的未来负责，没有谁会在原地踏步，在原地等待，有的只是向前奔跑，抓住机会。说了这么多，目的只有一个，尽快从考研初试这场“阴影”中走出来，不管题难还是简单，不管“有多凉”，都要赶快把自己“捂热”，接下来还有很多事情等着你去做。今天有同学问小编关于考研阅卷的问题：到底是在考试点所在省市统一阅卷，还是报考院校所在省市统一阅卷呢？据说考研阅卷有水旱区之分，所以特别想知道在哪里阅卷，压分严不严重。我想大家应该也会有同样的疑问，所以特地到研招网查了一番。每年按照网在9月中旬会有「在线咨询周」，所有考生都可以在线向各省市招生办、各个招生单位招办负责老师提问。根绝关键词「阅卷」搜索问题结果：北京市招办在线回答：统考试卷由报考院校所在省统一阅卷，自命题试卷由报考学校统一阅卷。（放大可看清图片文字，下同）山东省招办在线回答：公共课由报考单位所在省份阅卷。安徽省招办在线回答：统考科目由报考单位所在省份阅卷。中国人民大学招办在线回答：统考科目统一由北京市阅卷，自命题统一由人大阅卷。根据以上几个回答，得出的结论似乎是：统考试卷由报考院校所在省统一阅卷，自命题试卷由报考学校统一阅卷。但这些不足以代表全部，所以不能得出肯定的结论。而且，小编在一些平台看了留言，也有参加过或本科老师参加过阅卷的说公共课阅卷是在考试所在地省份统一阅卷，有特殊要求的院校会邮寄过去由该省市统一阅卷；还有的说，是由考试所在地进行试卷信息扫描，将试卷扫描图片打包上传，发送由考生报考单位所在身份进行阅卷。因为阅卷工作必须保密，具体在哪里阅卷，除了以上信息，小编不能给大家一个非常肯定的答案。如果有知道的同学，欢迎在评论区分享你的看法哦~但是有一点可以肯定的是，自命题专业课一定是由报考单位统一阅卷。还有，大家担心的阅卷“水旱区”，其实，阅卷标准对大家都一样，即使某省份阅卷尺度徧严，但对于报考同一地区的同学来说标准也是一样的！而且为了公平和公正一般还是采用多人平均，如果之间差别太大的话应该还会再次批改。所以，有了统一标准，大家不要太担心阅卷“水旱区”的说法。