考研历年试题库

十一月已经过半，相信很多研友都在忙着刷真题，但是刷真题只是简单地做一篇、然后再对着答案改一遍就完事了吗？今天小编就来告诉大家，如何更加有效地在最后一个月的时间里利用真题。一、如何复习真题这个其实很关键了，有些同学题目一做，答案抄完，然后就把试卷扔在一边，其实这是非常错误的。这种复习方式简直是在浪费时间。第一，必须严格按照考试时间和纪律做真题。完全按照考试时间来，中途不许上厕所不许玩手机不许聊天。就假设自己正在考研，找一张白纸作为答题纸，书写工整、字迹清晰、步骤明确，不得跳步越项。切忌草草了事，敷衍应付！第二，认真根据答案批改这里要先提醒一点，每年考试难度都不一样，所以不必太在意分数。更不可因为某年的试卷分数过低还怀疑自我，保持心态最重要。批改过程中要做好记录，查漏补缺。一定要按照答案要求严格批改，必须自己对自己负责。哪怕分数低点也没关系。第三，错题集有这个相信很多同学都有。其实在复习的最后阶段，我们只需要复习错题集就足够了。有了错题集、你的目标会更加明确，心态也会更加的踏实自然，可以"有的放矢";而不会明明紧张得要死，却发现"无事可做"。也就是说，错题集存在的根本原因，是为了给你提供一个复习的目的。它会很明确地告诉你，你还有哪些软肋、还有哪些知识点没掌握。会为你后面的复习提供一个目标，不至于让你太过于盲目。下面小编来根据具体学科为大家提供真题复习的范围和推荐书籍。二、高等数学这可以说是考研最大的一个门槛，无数人都挂在那颗名叫“高数”的树上。其实考研数学的命题，都是从题库中选取的题目，出题规律很明显，真题利用价值非常高，所以做真题是性价比非常高的复习方式。1、范围考研数学的真题总共有1988-2019总共32年的试卷。其中1988-1996(共5个卷种，卷1、2相当于现在的数学一，卷3相当于现在的数学二，卷4、5相当于现在的数学三)，卷面分值100分；1997-2002(数学一、二、三、四各一套试卷)，卷面分值100分；2003-2008(数学一、二、三、四各一套试卷)，卷面分值150分；2009-2019(数学一、二、三各一套试卷)，卷面分值150分。当然没有必要把这么多试卷全做了，小编这里推荐大家只需要做1997年之后的题目就可以。有些同学可能会疑惑，为什么要做这么二十年前的试卷呢？原因有两个，第一，早年的真题有一些相当经典的题目，试卷的质量也比较高，例如98和99两年的。第二，考研大纲几十年来变化一直不大，不像中学教学大纲，隔几年就改版一次。所以即使二十年前的试卷仍然有一定参考价值。2、书籍推荐这里给大家推荐两本首先是大名鼎鼎的李永乐！这位大神不多解释了，大家都懂得。这本书主要对2005以后的真题进行了详细解析，但是也附赠了1987-2005的试卷和答案。还有一位也是很多研友耳熟能详的老师——张宇！这本书收录了1987年以后所有考研真题详解，也是非常好的真题解析教材。三、英语1、范围英语真题不需要像数学那样做那么多，建议至少做到除去近三年真题外，其他年份的真题的4篇阅读都刷过一遍。得阅读者得天下。2、错题集英语的错题主要在于词汇、语法记忆不全和长难句的分析方面。因为英语归根到底还是一个需要大量记忆及背诵的科目。3、推荐书籍张剑黄皮书，这也是考研圈中非常有名的一位老师了，相必大家都不陌生。他的真题覆盖范围也比较广，解析比较透彻，是本不错的辅导书。四、专业课这是一个非常麻烦、非常需要人脉的事情。因为大多数高校是不会提供专业课的真题的。而且各个高校、尤其是自主命题的高校，对于外校考研的学生其实不是那么友好的。很多同学在考研专业课上走了很多弯路，就是因为没有真题在手，复习的特别盲目，甚至连大概难度都无法预测，最终栽了跟头。1、直接去目标院校购买虽然大部分的高校已经不提供考研历年真题，但是还有一些学校会提供上一年的考研真题。建议你去学校的研招办询问，运气好的话他们会提供一份。在院校附近的一些打印店里，会有老板卖该院校的专业课真题，不过比较贵，大概300块一份。黑心商家啊！2、找研究生学长学姐要这个方法可谓是最靠谱的了，但是非常考研你的人脉。对于那些刚考上研究生的学长学姐们，大部分都有真题、或者有渠道获得真题。而且是考上研究生的，对于真题和复试都有自己的见解，如果此刻结交了，在你进入考研复试的时候也能对你有很大的帮助！这里注意区别真假，有的骗子就是冒充学长学姐骗钱的！每年都有无辜的研友们上当受骗，这里建议线下交易。3、网上搜索现在网络比较发达，很多读研的同学会把考研真题和经验分享到网上，这个时候考生可以根据自己掌握的信息区分。考研真题哪怕是回忆版都比没有强！但是网上信息鱼龙混杂、真假难辨，各位研友要谨慎！4、多渠道购买专业课真题，因为比较难以获得，所以网上有很多电商就是卖真题赚钱的。淘宝上这类店家层出不穷，但也要小心挂羊头卖狗肉。还有一种是考研机构，他们也有自己的内部渠道能搞到真题，这种比较靠谱，因为一般人不会干砸自己招牌的事情。最后有的研友们会问，为什么没有政治的？其实政治这门课时效性很明细，真题的意义并不大，所以就不再推荐了。至于最后的模拟考试，推荐肖秀荣的四套卷和八套卷。还是和其他科目一样，完全按照考研时间和纪律来考试。

考研中有一个重要的复习资料，就是各科目的往年真题。由于真题数量有限，很多童鞋都有一个疑问：什么时候开始做真题比较好呢？经常刷经验贴、逛考研论坛的同学，可能会看到这样一种观点，”因为真题很珍贵，所以要晚做“。惠园教育小编并不是十分赞同这个观点。事实上，“真题很珍贵”同“真题要晚做”根本构不成因果关系，恰恰相反，正是因为真题很珍贵，所以作为考生，我们一定要尽早了解真题、熟悉真题，做到考点清楚、思路清晰。谁占领了先机，谁就为后半程的复习打下了坚实的基础。考研真题很重要，不要犹豫该什么时候做考研真题，你应该思考的是，如何快速找到真题，高效使用考研真题，如何通过做考研真题，从中摸索出命题人的出题思路和命题规律。一、如何快速找到真题对任何一位准备考研的同学来说，历年考研真题的重要性是显而易见的，其他的复习资料可以不买，但前几年的真题是必不可少的。收集历年真题，一直是很多考生头痛的事情，因为大部分院校，不对外公布历年真题，所以，网络上流传的，大多是“回忆版”，不全，而且可能错漏百出。但是也有一部分院校，会在官方网站公布自己院校的历年的真题，供考生下载使用。其实寻找真题也需要好的方法，不然会白白浪费很多时间和金钱。下面为各位考研er提供一些过来人的经验，总结了以下几种方法来帮助大家找真题。1、学校官网查看院校自身的官网，有些学校会公开发布历年真题。2、各大院校考研论坛在各大学校网站的BBS上，总会有热心的师兄师姐介绍自己的考研经验以及上传专业课的考研真题，甚至有过来人连答案也一起贴出！这些帖子在论坛上也很容易找到，因为通常是加精或者置顶的。在百度等网站上发帖求助，一般也会有热心人回复。但是这个考题的准确度和真实性就无从考量了。 3、考上目标学校的师兄师姐“借”如果是本校有师兄师姐考过同一个学校的话，找师兄师姐借考研资料是最好不过。这里的借打了引号，是因为一般找师兄师姐借复习资料的时候，他们都会比较大度地送给自己的小弟小妹们，尤其是对于已经考上的师兄师姐而言，一般在这个时候还处于成功的喜悦当中，对于师弟师妹们的要求当然是来者不拒，更会主动介绍自己考研的经历以及报考专业的情。这对于考研的同学们来说那真是一举两得。每年毕业前，各大高校都会有跳蚤市场，有条件的同学可以去逛逛，运气好可以淘到师兄师姐用过的考研资料，更能因此认识学长学姐。4、考研QQ群QQ群里有很多共享的考研复习资料，考研真题是必不可少的。一般在考研BBS上面会提供不少QQ群供大家在考研路上相互鼓劲。向QQ群发出申请要求加入，一般都会批准，然后就有海量的资料可大量下载。而且在QQ群里，会很快找到大家一起奋斗的感觉，有利于进入状态。QQ群里的考研人很多，最好是能找到本科同一院校或报考同一专业的，因为这样很多真题资料可以共享，和很多相同专业的同学讨论1小时，胜过自己苦思冥想好几天！5、目标院校书店和复印店基本上各高校研招办都会卖各专业5年内的真题，一般是都不贵，有的学校会提供邮寄，如果不提供邮寄的话，那就只有托人买了，或者勤快一点的话，也可自己赶到学校去买，顺便看看学校的环境，憧憬一下自己在这里读研时的场景。去目标院校买真题无疑是最放心的途径，但是成本也比较高。6、利用网络资源（1）利用网络搜索引擎，进行关键词搜索，会有很多网页，一些机构的网页，能够找到一些；（2）到各大网络文库去找，比如百度文库、豆丁文库、道客巴巴文库等，以及一些博客文章等。（3）到网络云盘去搜索，有些人会在云盘分享历年真题。7、淘宝店铺购买通过淘宝进行购买，有些人会专门售卖真题及答案解析，不过大家在购买的时候，一定要注意辨别真伪、年份，以及齐不齐全等问题，不然买了假真题也是劳民伤财。一定要选择那些开设时间比较长，信誉比较好的店铺。8、从专业课辅导班上得到一般辅导班会发放专业课的真题及复习笔记。当然，要不要选择报辅导班，还是看自身情况而定。二、如何高效使用真题由于政治是时事热点和背诵结合的科目，出题倾向受国家、国际大背景影响，真题的重复率低，考场上见到原题基本上是不可能的，所以政治的真题价值相对有限。而英语和数学则不同，由于采取题库制命题，出题规律比较明显，真题利用价值极高。真题的价值大致呈以下顺序排列：数学＞英语＞专业课＞政治下面具体介绍一下如何使用真题：1、近三年考研真题用来摸底自测可以把近三年的考研真题先预留出来，放在一边先不要做，等复习有了一定基础之后，用之来进行模拟自测。年份近的考研真题，最接近真实考试难度，用来考前自测效果最好。考前模考时一定要尽量模拟真实的考试时间，寻找接近真实考场的环境，对完答案后，不必过于在乎分数，认真分析错题原因，查缺补漏，回归课本，学习掌握不清的知识点。2、深入研究十年考研真题的出题规律考研真题作为最宝贵的复习资料，绝不能草草的做一遍就完事。一般来说，考研真题要做十遍，第一遍用来做题，第二遍、三遍用来纠错、总结错误原因，第四到七遍可以用来深入研究总结，比如出题方向、出题规律、考点分布、常见的错题的设置陷阱、以及正确答案的设置原则。考研真题不能光去做，还要认真去研究它的规律，等你摸清出题人的思路，你便能更好的避开出题陷阱，更好的预测出题方向，做到心中有数。3、以考研真题为指向，建立知识体系然而，光研究考研真题，吃透考研真题还不够，因为毕竟考研真题只是覆盖了少量的高频知识点，做考研真题只是考研复习的一种手段，而考研复习的真正目的是建立起完整的知识体系，同学们可以以考研真题为指向，回到知识本身，把课本上的基础知识牢牢掌握。在不同阶段，考研真题具有不同的作用。大家根据复习阶段以及自己的复习程度来分配真题的使用。除了留下用于模拟的真题，其他真题都是要反复研究的。三、各科真题如何使用1、政治由于政治是时政和背诵总和的科目，真题的重复率极低，出题倾向随大环境(国家、国际)而定，所以政治的真题价值可能相对就要低点了。政治历年考试基本都偏重基本知识点的考察，所以我们更多的是要全面了解考试大纲中指出的全部基本知识、基本概念、基本原理(规律和论断)，可按大纲所列的知识点，提出问题，回答问题，并力求理解和记忆。对于政治真题，通过对试卷的分析，可能更多的是需要你掌握基本知识点后要学会加以灵活运用，如果只是背下知识点，不一定能够把题做对，如果一旦换个说法，有些同学就做错了，所以要求大家不仅要会还要懂，将知识点融会贯通。2、专业课专业课方面，往往学校与学校、系与系之间差距较大，真题的价值也各不相同。但是根据大部分老生和科系的经验，专业课方面真题的重复率极高，如果在复习的过程中能拿到近几年的真题，那么在专业课考研中取得高分可能会更容易些。了解了真题之后，我们还有了解一下真题答案。因为通过答案，我们也能了解出题学校的风格，有的学校注重基础的考查，有点像期末考试；有的学校注重对考生学术潜力和文采的了解，有点像写毕业论文、所以，真题的答案也就十分重要了。总的来说，专业课真题的使用要明确下面几点：（1）把握命题风格因为每年的同一章节往往是由同一位或几位命题人命的题，从而可以洞察他们的命题风格，例如是重能力、重基础、还是重应用，书本知识还是延伸扩展知识等等。例如难易程度、考查趋向，是注重基础知识、应用能力还是发挥能力，以及是否存在偏、难、怪等现象。（2）明确专业课考试的题型例如选择题、简答题、论述题、案例分析题等题型类型；通过分析真题，就可以分析得到历年考试什么题型最受关注、什么题型最难答等，从而在具体的复习过程中，提请注意，并在实际练习中，有所侧重关注。（3）可以预测专业课考试范围和考试的高频考点通过对真题的分析，可以发现一个非常普遍的现象，有些知识点同一个学校隔几年都会考，甚至每年都考。相同专业同档次的学校专业课也会反反复复考。这些反反复复考的知识点就是老师容易出题的地方，需要考生高度重视。3、英语英语真题的价值，体现在阅读。如果你做了考研英语阅读，你一定会真正推翻真题要后做这个观点。考研英语阅读与四六级，甚至托福都大不相同。举个最简单的例子，如果把考研英语阅读翻译成汉语，那么你还是很有可能做错题。为什么会这样？很简单，考研阅读不仅考英语能力，更重要的，它考得是你对文章的理解，对出题思路的体会。因此，考研英语的真题确实是很重要，但是并不是说一定要反复做多半。在现阶段，你可以每天的题量都很少，比如一天一篇阅读。但重要的是做完后的分析。其实真题是可以早早做起的，但是你要懂得如何利用和处理它。真题是考研复习资料中的重头，在什么时候使用和如何利用都是需要自己去注意和解决的。考研真题往往需要我们至少做上3-5遍，才能吃透出题人的意图，找到一些命题的规律和答题的技巧。可试卷只有一套，还想做第二遍怎么办？这时候，一种办法是可先用铅笔做，对过答案总结完成后，再用橡皮擦掉痕迹，反复利用。还有另外一种办法：复印3-5份真题或者多买几套真题。这样一来，就可以“肆无忌惮”地在试卷上勾勾画画了。当然，这种方法会增加一些考研花费。4、数学考研数学又分数学一、数学二、数学三，具体考查内容，略有不同。但是复习的宗旨是不变的，那就是充分利用好真题。数学真题的价值，体现在对难易度、出题点和题量时间的把握。考研数学的复习，我们虽然不提倡题海战术，但还是需要一定做题量作为基础的。面对做题时，我们的心态很重要。第一、题目做得好，不要骄傲，做得好并不代表你的成绩就一定好。第二、题目做得差了，得分差了，也千万不要灰心丧气。大家一定要调整做题心态，要尽量把精力放在知识上，而不是分数上。在做题时，不要测试分数，只要能把这几套卷子都吃透，以做试卷，做题为主线来带动知识点的复习，从而查漏补缺，做到科学预测。考研数学后期的复习，要以真题为中心，围绕真题反复复习全部的基础知识，只要抓住真题，就抓住了考研数学复习的“骨”。考研真题真的真的很重要，所以在里再啰嗦一句，一定一定要好好利用真题，期待大家都可以圆梦目标院校。

考研文库：如何寻找考研院校历年真题？考研真题是很重要的复习资料，如何才能获得自己目标院校专业的历年真题呢？大家可以淘宝看看，网上搜下，或者找学长学姐问问，如果都无法获取，可以找考研机构，新祥旭考研专门做一对一辅导的，辅导资料真题都很齐全，他们自己有建立一个为考研的同学方便查信息的文库—考研文库，各个院校专业的考研信息都很齐全，可以了解下。据我了解，新祥旭是05年做北大清华起家的，一开始的定位就在一对一高端定制辅导，师资方面一直都是强项，有很多院校稀缺专业的都能辅导，安排的师资也都是对口的，师资力量都是硕士以上学历的或在校或毕业的专业老师，能很好的抓住学校历年考研动态和信息，考研大家也都知道，信息是很重要的，你对学校专业的情况一无所知，那你怎么去复习呢对不对，所以新祥旭这方面做得很好，毕竟做了十几年，无论是辅导体系还是资料真题以及各个院校专业的考研动态都能很好的给同学们非常大的帮助。虽然学校大多都不公布真题，但是新祥旭考研研究生团队每年都会收集历年真题，一是为了给学生辅导把握考点和研究历年考试内容的变化，二是给学生提供这方面资料，还是非常好用的，推荐大家可以去关注下。

考研的历年真题逐渐成为了大家备考的一个风向标，通过做真题，大家可以深刻地去体悟出题人的考核思路，让大家在复习的时候能有所参考，不至于学得稀里糊涂。那么，如何利用历年真题更高效呢？下面文都网校给大家分享一些学长学姐们总结的经验。2021考研历年真题1.利用真题，快速融入考研复习氛围考研初期，21考研人还不清楚考研的方式和难度，通过做一遍各科的真题，就会很快了解自身的差距在哪里了，也能让自己更警醒一些，重视考研复习的每一个阶段。同时也能让你了解到你的基础是否扎实。2.利用真题，反复检测自己的复习进度考研的每一个阶段，都要给自己分配好总结检验的时间，每月至少1次，这样能最快的暴露出你的盲点和弱点。为你下一步的总结奠定了基础。同时，也可以让你更加熟悉考核的重点。3.利用真题，预测把握命题的规律如果你前几点做得足够好了，那么更进一步的标志就是你突然发现，这些考题的命题规律是有迹可循的，虽然每年都会反押题，但是，还是有不少老师很容易就猜到了命题方向，这不是他们有多么神秘，无他，唯手熟尔！就比如文都网校的考研英语名师何凯文老师，几乎每年都能猜中命题方向，这就是经验的厉害之处。其实大家如果历年真题做得足够多，理解得足够深入，也可以有大致的方向判断。这样也可以减少你将时间用在不考核的内容上面。4.利用真题，做查漏补缺尤其是在最后几个月的复习里，由于学习内容太繁杂，你已经没有时间去做很系统的检测了，做做历年真题或者模拟题成了你唯一的检测手段。主要是这时候的心态一般都不稳定，记不住知识点，焦虑等。所以，做做真题不但能快速知道自己哪里不足，还能熟悉考场的做题时间分配。2021考研备考5.利用真题，可以为你打开解题思路每一道题都会有一个最佳的解题方法，节省时间，考核重点。历年真题做得多了，大家会熟悉很多的解题技巧，如果你善于总结，那么你会得到很多意外的惊喜。比如20考研初试的数学普遍很难，但是，如果你平常懂得总结解题技巧，你就会很快地将难题分解，联想。即使你不能保证完整做出，那么其中的大部分过程，你还是能写出来的，步骤分应该能拿得到的。分享了这些经验，也是希望2021考研人能重视历年真题，早早的就应该将这些资料搜集齐全，方便后续的复习。更多免费的学习资源可以去文都网校那里去查看。

当大家决定考研的那一刻起，是否又觉得毫无头绪，不知如何去复习准备，到处找相关信息，尤其是自己想考的学校专业考研信息，但是考研信息网上又不是很全面，有的可能比较幸运会有考研经验看看，多多少少会给自己带来一些头绪，但大多还是不全的，今天给大家一个分享一个考研资料查询的网站——考研文库。这个网站是新祥旭考研创建的，为广大考研学生提供方便查询各个学校专业信息的。新祥旭做了十五年的考研一对一辅导，师资力量很强，很多考上的学长学姐都会在新祥旭考研文库上传一些经验和资料，以下这篇考研经验就是新祥旭考研文库的。考研的同学想查院校专业信息可以去考研文库这个网站看看。先介绍一下自己，我本科是西北农林科技大学，环境科学专业，一志愿中科院生态环境研究中心，2018年分数347（英语72，数学108，专业课110，政治57），过了复试线因为觉得不想一直做研究但是放弃调剂去了中国矿业大学（北京）。院校专业选择篇生态所水污染控制方向全国数一数二，每年报考能有80多个人，专硕加学硕能录取20多个（报考的时候可以先报学硕，分数不够还可以调剂专硕，但专硕调剂就相对困难一点），还会有几个可以调剂到生态，因此报录比大概能在三分之一，已经很高了，一般只要能进复试就不太会被刷，但是分数低有可能调剂到生态或者化学专业，专业排名高，相对好考，三年都在北京，这是我选择它的理由。因此开始选择了它，但是因为在中科院更多的像一个在职的研究员，基本只能做科研，而我初试后做毕设进了实验室，发现自己不太适合蹲实验室，因此我选择了调剂，去了选择更多的高校。大家一定要吸取我的教训，好好审视自己是不是真的适合做科研。初试备考篇在备考时间方面个人比较推荐的是从大三结束的那个暑假开始大概是7月份，接近6个月，时间比较充裕也不至于把战线拉的太长。下面我说说我的备考方法。首先是英语，学硕一般是英语一，比英二略难，英语最重要的一点就是单词，最重要的事情说三遍，单词！单词！单词！不用太在意长难句，如果词都认识，再有基本的语法储备，阅读不是大问题。每天都要背单词，我不建议直接拿着书背，根本记不住，记住也不会用，把题目中不会的词查一下，加入有道词典的单词本，这样可以随时都能看一看，记住的单词都会用，保证了单词的最大利用，也可以看网课，推荐朱伟恋恋有词及配套书目，前两个月每天花1个小时刷恋恋有词，再花一个小时精读一篇真题阅读(推荐何凯文阅读及长难句)，并记住不会的词，总结同义替换和熟词新义，对于写作也很有帮助，中间两个月开始隔天刷一套近15-20年真题（推荐陈正康真题超精读系列，这套书最大的亮点是单词总结的很精准，可以节省大量总结时间，做题技巧可以和前面的何凯文系列取长补短），第一天做，第二天总结并精读题目中的单词并练习写作，作文想初步提高也挺容易的，不需要用太花哨的词汇和语法，确定好几个语法。比如虚拟语气，状语从句，每次写作文时都刻意的去写这几个确定了的语法，词汇不用太难，但是要广，注意同意替换。后面一个多月偶尔刷套题保持手感就可以了。数学是拉分的关键，我考的是数二，不建议张宇的除了预测卷之外的任何资料，太花哨，用到一半弃了，李永乐的复习全书以及配套660题比较好，稳扎稳打，尤其是线性代数部分真的很好，两个月要把全书结合课本刷完，建议自己把高数和线性代数自己总结出一个大纲，将知识点整理归纳分类，这一步可以让你后期刷真题的时候能够很容易的回顾书中的知识，然后中间两个月刷15-20年真题，真题太重要了，至少要刷3遍，总结思路和错题。最后一个多月可以做些预测卷保持手感和适应新题型（李林的预测题一定要做，宁可信其有不可信其无）。政治的话想得高分不太容易，肖老的精讲精练太厚，太费时间，等风中劲草出来以后把它过一遍，不要占用太多时间，最后一个多月中拿出一半时间过风中劲草，剩下时间背下来肖四肖八，政治五六十分没问题。（考研政治的基本情况是只要能把肖四肖八背熟，过线都不成问题，所以放到最后两个月不要看别人都复习了发慌，政治拉不开分，不如时间多放在数学上）生态所环境工程水污染控制方向专业课参考书目是水质工程学上下册、给水工程、排水工程，一般无计算题，都是背的内容，这四本书重点在两本水质工程学，给水工程、排水工程太厚，里面很多东西都和水质工程学重复，只需看考研大纲（生态中心官网上有）里列出的但是水质工程学里没有的章节即可，专业课是信息战，前人总结专业课资料和真题参考价值很大，生态所环境工程有一波生态所的在读研究生专门在做这个资料，他们出的一本复习全书大概200多页，对于考点的覆盖率很高，全部吃透100分以上不是问题，在读研究生现在是在新祥旭考研一对一辅导机构做兼职老师，报他们的专业课一对一辅导班后资料是免费赠送的。建议在第3-4个月过一遍参考书目，结合考研大纲和真题总结知识点，将书读薄，再结合买来的资料查漏补缺，这一阶段无需背诵，理解即可，和政治一样放到最后一个多月集中背诵自己总结的知识点，高频考点要熟记，低频考点要能理解意思用自己的话写出来，细枝末节有精力的话都过一遍，有点印象，万一考到也能答上一部分。总结：第1-2个月主要任务，记单词，练习精读英语阅读，做李永乐全书打好基础。第3-4个月，刷英语和数学真题，并总结解题技巧规律，总结专业课资料。最后一个多月，集中背政治和专业课，偶尔做英语真题和数学预测卷保持手感。最后强调一遍，单词每天都要记，过了最初两个月可以减少单词任务量，但是还是要每天记。一些小建议：在复习的过程中，我们最大的敌人就是自己，每周给自己留一天休息，社交，其他时间一定要坚持住，可以找个研友相互鼓励，个人觉得有个伴儿还是挺好的，互相激励，数学的复习过程中经常会遇到看不懂的情况，一定要学会问，闭门造车效率很低，而且真题做多了，可能会让自己膨胀，因为平时做的练习题大部分都是根据真题改编的，因此做真题的时候会比较顺手，但是一遇到新题可能会不适应，所以一定要做一些预测卷，英语还是一点要坚持，政治一般没什么问题，好好背就好了，专业课不能死记硬背，一定要成系统，理解第一，污水处理中有很多工艺环环相扣，比如预处理+A20+深度处理，要把这一系列的工艺结合起来系统性的理解记忆，这样记得既快又牢。调剂复试篇：因为我最后决定调剂去中国矿业大学（北京），所以只参加了它的复试，在说复试之前我先说一下调剂的一些情况吧。要提前估计一下自己的初试情况，如果不稳又不想二战，就要开始两手准备了，可以去考研帮和小木虫上搜集以下往年一些院校的调剂情况，初步定几个学校，多关注他们的官网，不同学校的调剂开始时间不同。调剂最主要的因素就是城市，因为能调剂的学校水平都差不多，专业也不会太好，这个时候只能放眼于城市了，像北上广这些地方的学校资源会比其他地方的好很多。值得一提的是有些211学校会有一个优秀生源调剂，专门招一些985出身的没有考好的同学，这个是不会占用他们表面上的名额，所以如果进了复试，基本就稳了。我就是走的这个，不过复试流程和普通考生是一样的。矿大复试分为三部分，专业课笔试，英语面试和专业课面试。专业课笔试从2020考研开始就只能考环境工程学了，环境化学被取消了，但是好好看看这本书，再找一找往年真题，大部分内容准备初试的时候都会涉及到，再熟悉一下就可以了，问题不大，而且题目是选做（比如十个选六个），极大地增加了得分的可能，题目偏矿井水和含油废水处理的多一些。英文面试先是自我介绍，然后两人一组抽取一个话题（生活中常见的一些小问题）进行辩论，听起来有点难，但是不用怕，大家口语都没那么好，只要你敢大声开口说就先赢了一半。专业课面试要好好表现，进门先抽题，从一堆纸条中抽出三道题（题目覆盖面很广，就没什么好准备的了）进行作答，不会也没关系，重要的是要有自己的想法，然后老师会问一些有关你本科做过什么实验和项目，毕设做的什么等问题，大家如实作答就可以，自信一点这关也很好过。矿大复试基本不刷人！！！！以上，就是我的一些备考经验。考研就像是一杯茶，入口苦，但是只苦一阵子，苦完之后的回甘会绵绵不绝。预祝大家都能考上心仪的学校。

超详细的找资料方法来啦，从择校到找参考书都有！一站式服务选学校1研招网（官方网站）考研报名，整个流程，院校信息，后期调剂都要用这个网站2考研院校库能查到专业，学校，学校相关信息，专业排名，招生信息等等3中国教育在线这上面除了能查专业和学校，还能找到同专业的学长学姐，复试信息，专业课真题，问他们最好。4中国考研网报录比之类的信息可以查到根据这些网站就能基本确定自己的学校和专业找参考书专业课参考书专业课比较难找，我就先说专业课的吧，三种方法依次进行，总能找到的途径一：目标院校官网大部分学校会在研究生院官网的招生简章里附上参考书，直接下载找自己的专业就好。如果招生目录里没有，那就在院系列表下面，看自己报考的具体专业院系里面有没有。这种找到的是最权威，最可信的，最有参考价值的。如果没有，好吧，开启途径二途径二：各大论坛和贴吧1考研论坛、考研吧：信息更新快，研友多，资料共享多2院校贴吧：每个学校都有贴吧的，上面都是亲学姐学长，不过有的学校贴吧用的人不多，信息也就不太多。3其他专业贴吧，微信公众号：比如你考新传，那就搜新传类考研吧，也能找到一些资料这种找到的资料可信度需要自己辨别，方法就是尽可能多找，然后看哪些好用。如果仍然寥寥无几，开启途径三途径三：从本科专业下手第一，找到目标专业老师本科和研究生阶段的授课大纲，大纲中必定有参考书目。就用这些书复习吧。第二，导师论文。去知网下载近几年导师的论文，提炼论文中的观点和参考资料。三种途径，总能找到的~书目找到了，在哪买1淘宝，当当：这不用说了吧，已经确定书名，直接搜就好，注意版次啥的2二手教材网：想买便宜点的书可以上这个网站，尽量买九成新的，方便自己记笔记专业课真题1考研历年真题库：这里面有公共课，也有专业课的2微信公众号：直接搜专业大类，下面有一些是辅导班，他们整理的真题都很全，而且有答案，找靠谱的就行。好多都可以不报班直接买书。专业课网课1cctalk：很多辅导班会把自己的付费网课放在上面，有试听的，可以搜专业名称，或者参考书名，或者考试科目，试听一下觉得不错就可以买。2超星学习通：其实是大学的选修课软件，上面可以听其他学校的选修课，没准就有你想考的专业，而且还都是很有名望的老师讲的哦，我在上面找到了叶朗的美学原理~公共课参考书公共课的书比较好找，我就说几个自己用的政治：1肖秀荣系列《精讲精练》+《1000题》，肖八、肖四必做。肖大大的书很详细，每年都会根据考纲做调整。2《命题人讲真题》根据情况可看可不看，政治真题价值不大。3徐涛视频课建议看，讲的很有趣，而且总结的特别好。4后期徐涛八套卷，风中劲草的题都可以做一做。5肖四和徐涛考前必备20题都建议背。英语1单词：《考研词汇闪过》,收词全，而且里面的单词已经按真题考频划分了重点，有重点的记单词省时间。2真题：英语一《考研真相》四件套，基础不好没过六级首选。每个句子都有图解的语法结构分析，很详细，方便彻底吃透文章。其他真题书只讲一两个长难句，基础不好用起来有点吃力，也费时间。同系列英二叫《考研圣经》公共课视频课你确定了哪个参考书，或者哪个老师，就对应去找他的课。1微博：每个老师的微博制定就是视频课购买链接2微信公众号：关注官方的微信公众号，就能找到购买的地方3b站：不想花钱买，来吧，小破站值得拥有~搜老师名字即可，应有尽有

2020考研初试已经结束了，紧张复习了一年时间，终于可以稍微放松下了，紧绷的神经也得到了休息，休息过后，大家还有好好准备下复试，不管知不知道考试成绩，也要好好准备下，本校本专业的考生可能不需要过多准备，但是那些跨专业跨地区跨院校考试的考生，可是要好好的准备了。初试过后，各种真题资源及答案满天飞，不过有的题目不准，有的没有答案，有的缺少试题。今天给大家来过来的也是真题，完整高清版本，可以拿去打印。想要获取历年真题资料PDF版的可以评论留言获取。2020考研真题：政治真题及答案解析，高清完整版来源：文都（免责及版权声明：仅供个人研究学习，不涉及商业盈利，如有侵权请及时联系删除，观点仅代表作者本人，不代表本号立场）

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

考研复习到最后阶段，同学们也要抓紧时间熟悉专业课的真题了，有些院校会在学校官网或者研究生院官网直接提供真题资源，方便学生下载学习。但是也有很多学校不提供考研专业课历年真题，那这部分同学该去哪儿找真题？今天新与成商学院小编来为大家盘点真题来源六大途径：1、参考相关院校的真题这个只是用来参考，毕竟学校和学校的具体要求还是不一样的，但还是有借鉴价值。在备考的时候，时间充裕的话，多做一些同类专业院校的真题集，当然一定要学会甄别，那些不考的题型和内容就不要浪费精力了！2、在线图书馆有些作者会把全国相关专业的真题都编成一本书，上传到在线图书馆或者在线书店等网站，甚至还给出详细的解答，尤其是热门专业的资料更多，这对于考生来说算是提高自己应试能力的最好捷径了。3、关注各类帖子论坛网上会有很多帖子和论坛，除了热心人会无私地分享出自己掌握的真题，还有一些专门的网站会提供专业课真题下载。有时候还会有热心的网友做出参考答案。大家可以有正对性地进行搜索并选择性取舍。很多学长学姐在写下自己备考心路的时候除了会介绍学习方法，很多人也会回忆真题，这就需要你会看经验帖了，基本都是干货哟。4、和研友多交流探讨想要在复习过程中有所突破，就不能闭门造车，不与外界交流。多注意身边考同一地方的同学，没事就与他们谈谈在学习过程中的问题，有时候别人那里往往有自己得不到的东西。经常跟同学彼此沟通复习程度，不但可以巩固关系，更能在复习资料及专业课的上相互补充，实现资源的最大化利用。5、备考院校周围的旧书店和复印店有一些不需要的书籍直接低价卖给书店回收，学校的同学或者教师想要打印资料也都会去复印店，在这些偶尔能淘到一些自己需要的专业课资料。虽然这个概率比较小，但是也不要错过，如果有这种环境的同学们留意一下身边的资源，适当地利用起来。6、移动的资源库，灵活的书袋除了与自己一同备考的研友交流之外，我们一定不要忘记一条最重要的途径：师兄师姐。作为已经成功读研的前辈，他们可以当之无愧的被称为“移动的资源库，灵活的书袋”了，借复习资料的时候，他们都会无私的为学弟学妹提供帮助的，尤其是对于已经考上的师兄师姐而言，非常乐于分享自己的备考经验与收获的，他们更能理解你们的情况，基本都会非常主动给我们备考的同学介绍自己之情考研遇到的难题、分享自己总结的备考经验、解说本专业的重点要点。