考研的英语卷

12月21日下午，考研初试考的是英语，这是一个公共科目，还没考完，考研英语就上了热搜。很意外吗？其实一点也不意外。我们知道，考研英语都是统考试卷，包括英语一和英语二两套试卷，通常学术型硕士考英语一，专业型硕士考英语二（当然也不绝对，有少数专业型硕士也考英语一，比如中医学类的专硕，就考英语一），由于面对全体考生，今年考研人数又高达341万，关注度高，是自然的。不过，瞬间上热搜，最主要的还因为难度较大。一般来说，英语一难度较大，而英语二则相对简单，这从历年来看，规律如此。所以，说英语难，通常是指英语一难。那么，今年英语一难度如何？从考场走下来的考生，有多人表示，难度较大，比去年似乎更难一些。除了完形填空相对比较简单，其他题目，几乎全方位被考生吐槽。有考生反映，阅读太难了，好几篇没看懂，做题更是难以下手，靠猜。有考生反映，英语一的翻译全是神句，只能连蒙带猜，几乎编不出一句完整的句子。连大小作文都被吐槽，有考生说，自己背的作文模板一点也不管用，只能临场另起炉灶，但也靠不住，写得一塌糊涂。类似吐槽从网上到网下，不绝于耳。其实，今年英语一的两个作文，小作文是通知留学生唱歌比赛，大作文题目是习惯，配图两幅，要求说明习惯的的重要性。其实这两个作文都比较常规，自由发挥得空间也不小，按道理难度是不大的。但考生在考场中，会高度紧张，容易影响发挥，导致思维很难展开，甚至犯些基地错误。比如，有考生竟然把custom（习惯）写成了customer(顾客），自己下考场后都感觉哭笑不得。至于今年英语一的阅读理解，确实是比较难，这其实是英语一的传统了，这也是考查英语能力最重要的方面。考研英语考查的主要就是读写能力，尤其是阅读能力，因为读研后做研究，需要阅读大量的英文文献、论文等，英语阅读能力属于很基础很重要的能力。如果只是从试卷来看，今年的考研英语一，总体难度大致和去年相当，维持了较难的一贯传统。之所以考生吐槽较多，主要是因为临场发挥问题，因为紧张、基础不牢等原因，不少考生发挥得不好，就感觉难度很大，甚至感觉明显超过去年。当然，今年考研英语难度到底如何，需要将试卷难度本身与考生的实际作答情况加以结合，才能得出明确可信的结果。目前刚刚考完，只能根据试卷情况和部分考生反馈加以分析。你觉得今年考研英语的难度如何

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

Instrial safety does not just happen.Company （with） low accident rates plan their safety programs,work hard to organize them,and continue working to keep them （alive) and active.When the work is well done ,a （climate） of accident- free operations is established （where) time lost e to injures is kept at a minimum.Successful safety programs may （differ) greatly in the amphasis on certain aspects of the program .Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding .Others stress safe work practices by （observing) rules or regulations .（Still) others depends on an emotional appeal to the worker.But,there are certain ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained .There can be no question about the value of a safety program .From a financial standpoint alone ,safety （pays off) .The fewer the injury （claims) ,the better the workman’s insurance rate .This may mean the difference between operating at a （profit ）or at a loss.这是1999年考研英语一的完型填空题，括号标出的是答案。如果把答案放到文章里，那么这篇文章的意思还是比较浅显的。但是，工作时间已久，当初本来不好的英语底子消失殆尽，即使是这么一篇简单的完形填空题，鄙人仍是错误百出。鉴于水平有限，该题的翻译我就不写了。再有四个多月，就要面临2020年考研了，我知道自己考上的几率不高，但是，每天还是会坚持学习。不为别的，大好的时光，大好的年华，不能整天过混吃等死的日子。人总得有点儿盼头儿。图示是选项，如下：

21考研怎么准备？考研英语真题怎么去做呢？1.精读文章，我前期做英语阅读，利用英一《考研真相》边做题就边把自己不会的单词、句子都勾画下来。然后再去看解析，简单会的句子就跳过，不会的都挑出来去学着解析里面怎么拆分，怎么分辨修饰结构。然后如果有错的很多的文章，就挑出来精翻一遍，这样也能加深一些语法翻译的知识点印象。真题：英语一《考研真相》/英语二《考研圣经》，每句话都图解，基础差不用担心看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，做阅读题通用，适合基础薄弱大幅提分用。别的书个别句子讲解，基础差看不懂。解题方法是根据答案套选项，下次还是不会。-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.熟悉做题思路，通常做一道阅读题，我的做题思路就是：先看五个问题→粗读文章，找出问题的位置→细读文章，圈出不认识的单词/语法→再看问题，回文定位，选择答案。刚开始做题，肯定是有很多单词、句子看不懂。你一定要硬着头皮看完全篇！遇到不会的划线，能理解多少就理解多少，一定要让自己习惯这个做题过程。3.分阶段练习，一定要总结错题。考研英语真题的刷题，是分阶段练习的。所以每个阶段一定要把自己的错题总结在本子上，后面再带上错误原因。错题本是要越做越薄，不要越做越厚。容易错误的点，一定要注意！

考研就像上战场，没有一件适合自己的兵器怎么行呢？但是市面上的参考书太多了，尤其英语这种老大难的公共课，到底什么样的书才是适合自己的？下面就来给大家列出，考研英语真题排行榜，帮你找到适合自己的参考书~TOP6《考研英语真题100篇》1这本书的内容讲解很丰富，100篇中的前50篇都是一字一句地讲解，而且所有的句子都有句子图解。2书中文章讲解的间隙有单词注释，本意是方便同学们理解文章，但是字号有点小了，看起来比较费功夫。3各个题型也没有特别系统的解题方法，仅对试题选项进行了分析，讲解稍稍有些繁琐。4真题不是很全，仅挑了100篇作讲解，考研肯定是要把真题都过一遍的，所以这本显得有点鸡肋。TOP5《真题真练》1全真考场排版，字号，字边距，页面布局都是严格按照考试要求来的，还配备了答题卡。虽然很多书也说自己是仿真排版，但考过就会发现，多少有些出入，这个就完全不会。2价格便宜。四十多块钱，真的太便宜了！3答案讲解也很详细，每道题都有详细的选项分析，告诉你选什么，为什么，讲的还是很有条理的，很易懂的。4文章没有讲解，只有译文。这个书主要是为了刷题，所以文章讲解方面比较粗糙，如果想要认真梳理文章，积累语法和单词就不太够用了。5单色印刷，看起来不是很清晰。TOP4《考研英语（一）真题超精读》1书中对真题文章的每一句都进行了解析，对必考词汇进行了注释。但句子讲解不是特别详细，语法讲解较简单，且均为文字讲解，稍显枯燥。2试题讲解比较详细，可以不断修正自己的做题思路。3双色印刷，中英对照双栏排版，清晰好查。4句子是文字讲解，稍显枯燥，看起来不够直观。5解题技巧中规中矩，没啥亮点。6试题里有一些小的印刷错误，比如“breed”写成“bred”，不过没啥大影响。TOP3《考研大趋势(历年英语真题细解与复习指导》1同样是讲解真题，这本亮点是标注了真题文章来源，能帮我们全面了解真题选材的背景。2书里配有和词汇相关的“考研英语词汇考点逐词精讲”视频，也是免费的。帮助同学们梳理词汇，巩固记忆。3采用双色印刷，清晰直观。4相比于其他书籍，单词注释较简单，仅注释了单词词义和用法；句子只挑重难点的长句分析。5试题解析比较简单，更适合有一定基础的学生。TOP2《历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路》（黄皮书）1这本书的亮点是书里的“语篇分析和总结”版块，对文章的行文思路和句子间的逻辑关系讲得很详细深入，如果大家仔细研究的话对我们把握解题的关键点很有帮助。2.全书双色印刷，排版比较清晰。3对真题文章中的重点词汇集中做了注释（包括词义和经典搭配），方便直接积累单词。4句子讲解是挑选了文章中一些较复杂的长难句进行详细解析。讲解比较简洁直观，适合英语有一定的基础且理解这力较好的同学用，基础不好的人接受起来比较困难（曾经的我不愿意接受自己基础不好的人设，所以被虐了一遭）。5语篇分析虽是亮点，但是使用效果因人而异。在完全理解文章的前提下，我们能很快识别各个试题的命题陷阱，掌握解题的重点。不能完全理解文章的话，可能会干扰到你现有的解题习惯。TOP1《考研真相》1讲解详细！！！最详细！前面提到的书要么只精细的分析长难句，要么分析每个句子，但用的方法是文字讲解。只有这本做了结合，对最新20年真题文章的每一句都进行了比较全面详细的图解分析，一层层分析句子的主干和修饰成分。2对每个句子中出现的重点词汇也进行了详细注释（包括词性、词义、熟词僻义、词根词缀、例句等）。而且一大亮点是，它还标注了单词的重要程度，方便大家在复习的时候有侧重点的掌握。3它的解题方法比较系统，提出了一套完整的解题思路，路径一从题干出发，回原文找答案；路径二从选项出发，回文定位排除干扰项。所有题目都能用这两个方法搞定，简单粗暴，但是有效。4配有同步的名师视频课程讲解和真题录音。报辅导班什么的都比较贵，但这个配套讲解视频是完全免费的，基础不好、看不懂书的童鞋可以配合视频来消化知识点，学习效果会更好。每本书各有特点，适合不同人群，不同复习阶段使用，大家只需要根据自己的情况，选择适合自己的就好。

2020考研英语今天下午结束，在考研英语考试结束后很多考生都在吐槽今年考研英语的难度太大，尤其是考研英语一的难度比较大，一些考生在考完了英语后已经决定要考研二战，一些考生考完英语后认为整个卷子自己就只会写作文而已，而英语完形填空、阅读理解、新型题、翻译题的难度都比较大，因此有部分考生认为2020考研英语一的难度为历年最高，比过去考研英语最难的年份还要难。那么2020考研英语一试题太难吗？考生：整个卷子就只会做英语作文。首先来分析考研英语一的完形填空来看，难度不是很大，至少完形填空的难度与过去十年的完形填空难度相比没那么大，考察的很全面，考生想要全部做对也很难，但是如果想做对一半难度不大。考虑到完形填空这部分题往往是考生最后才开始做，所以一些考生会因为时间紧张而慌忙做题导致错误率比较高，客观的讲完形填空难度和去年持平。其次分析考研一英语作文，考研英语一的小作文和大作文难度都不大，都是考生复习考研英语作文时候经常会面对到的话题，考生在考场上看到这些英语作文题目的时候，肯定不会那么的紧张，只需要把自己记住的短语词汇和句子正确运用就好。和2019考研英语一作文难度对比来看，2020考研英语一作文难度不大，题型属于常规题型。再次分析考研英语一阅读理解，在四篇阅读理解中前两篇的阅读理解难度比较大，后两篇的考研英语阅读理解难度比较小，如果考生一开始就做第一篇考研英语一阅读理解估计心理防线会崩溃，会影响考生的考研发挥，综合来看前两篇考研英语一阅读理解难度要比后面两篇考研英语一阅读理解难度高出30%左右，而2020考研英语阅读理解与2019考研英语阅读理解对比来看，今年考研英语一阅读理解难度要高一些，阅读理解比较差的同学在这部分失误比较多，想得高分不容易。最后分析考研英语一的翻译题和新型题，翻译题难度不大，会有一部分生僻单词比如文艺复兴的英语单词考生会觉得比较难，但是客观讲这个单词也属于考研常见的单词，考生不应该不认识这个单词。翻译题的长难句、词汇和往年相比难度有提高自己但是难度不大，考生只需要正常发挥就可以。而考研英语一的新型题今年考生觉得比较难，在各个选项之中徘徊，不知道选择哪一个，个人认为新型题的难度比去年考研英语一的新型题难度大，很多学生很容易在这部分题失分。综上所述，2020考研英语一整体难度并没有突破历年之最，也并不是最难的，具体来看考研英语一的完形填空、作文题、翻译题难度与往年一样，但是阅读理解和新型题给考生带来了难度，因此2020考研英语一试题难度与2019年考研英语一相比确实难度有所提高。

市面上有好多考研英语真题书，各有特点，各有受众。所以很多刚准备考研的小伙伴很纠结，到底应该怎么选真题书，下面就结合我自己的考研经历和身边小伙伴的用书体验，分析一下考研英语真题书应该怎么选。Top 1: 考研英语真题《考研真相》推荐指数：★★★★★核心优势：真题文章逐句图解优点：①文章讲解超级详细，20年真题，每一篇文章的每一句话都用了逐句图解的方式。②双色印刷，蓝灰相间，还是很赏心悦目的。这样编排重点突出，图解的句子结构更清晰。③题目讲解很系统，先给出了一套完整的解题思路，一方面从题目出发回到原文找出答案，一方面从选项出发，回文定位排除干扰项。不管什么题目，都能通过这两种方式解答，好上手且准确率高。④逐句解析册，真题册，题目解析册是分开的，方便携带和使用。缺点：对英语渣来说没缺点！！！英语还不错的话会觉得解析太多太繁琐小结：我身边人用的最多就是这本，可能因为我们英语都不好吧。逐句图解有多好用，等你被真题虐一虐就知道了。考研英语重在基础，一句一句讲解真题就是最好的补基础方法。使用建议：虽说书上有每个句子的分析，但还是建议先自己分析，然后对照书修正，这样提高更快。Top 2: 《历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路》（黄皮书）推荐指数：★★★★☆核心优势：文章逻辑梳理详细书籍分析：优点：①着重把握语篇分析，帮助考生掌握文章写作思路，从逻辑结构入手理解文章，解决题目②总结命题方法，帮助提升阅读速度；③图书印刷精美，字号大；文章的一些背景知识补充全面。缺点：①文章的讲解比较简单，只有少数长难句会图解分析，平均每篇文章2句。②长难句的图解也很简单，且同色印刷，主干和修饰成分没有明显区分。③没有完整系统的解题方法，只有简单的技巧点拨。小结：都说黄皮书适用英语基础好的，这话一点都不假，从书的解析侧重点就能看出来。文章只分析长难句，代表默认其他句子能读懂，不用讲；题目解析只有简单的技巧点拨，意味着已经有完整的解题思路，只是在技巧套路方面需要提高。这些潜在的要求，基础不好的同学是达不到的，所以很多人会觉得黄皮书难，考研英语难。使用建议：我室友用裸考过六级，她觉得黄皮书蛮不错，所以过六级的小伙伴可以考虑入这个。基础不好的话，黄皮书建议放在后期用，也就是你的语法知识，单词水平都有一定的提高，再用黄皮书学一学梳理文章逻辑的方法，也是可以的。Top 3: 《真题真练》推荐指数：★★★★☆核心优势：真题超全，价格美丽，不到50块书籍分析：优点：①便宜便宜便宜，重要的事情说三遍②采用真题排版，送答题卡。方便大家找到考场的感觉。③分册装订好携带。缺点：解析比较简单，文章只给译文，答案分析选项，仅此而已。小结：这个书最大的优势就是价钱，比复印真题还便宜，当然对应的内容会精简不少。使用建议：刚开始做真题这本肯定一点优势没有，比起前两个，瞬间秒杀！但是！后期刷题，这个简直是完美啊！价格便宜不心疼，可以买回来反复刷，后期也不太需要详细的讲解，它上面的解析就能满足我们。Top 4: 《考研大趋势(历年英语真题细解与复习指导》推荐指数：★★★☆☆核心优势：有地道的全文翻译，标注真题来源和选材背景书籍分析：优点：①详细分析历年真题文章的重难点句子；②分析篇章及逻辑，帮助考生理清文章思路，提高答题率；③标注真题文章来源，帮助考生全面了解真题选材的背景；④全文翻译：所有文章都配有地道的全文翻译。缺点：词汇注释和题目解析部分讲解稍欠缺。小结：这本虽然分析了文章中的难句，但没有系统分析所有的句子，说白了跟黄皮书一样，对基础有要求。好的一点是标注文章的来源和选材背景，这个可以帮助我们宏观的了解文化背景。其他文章讲解，题目讲解不如《考研真相》和黄皮书。使用建议：英语基础好的小伙伴可以选这个。Top 5: 《考研英语真题100篇》推荐指数：★★★☆☆核心优势：真题文章详解，部分有图解书籍分析：优点：①分册装订，针对性较强。②内容讲解详尽，50篇逐句图解，50篇详细讲解。③里面的单词量比较大，注释直接标注在文章中，方便考生阅读文章。缺点：①书籍排版较乱，字号太小。②全解部分存在部分语法错误。④真题题目不全，只选取了部分真题做讲解。小结：这本其实有点鸡肋，虽说跟《考研真相》一样有真题逐句图解，但又只有一部分，不是所有真题，复习考研英语肯定是要把真题都做一遍的，用了它还是要找更全的真题书，一来二去还真题还买重了，有些尴尬~使用建议：备考比较早，还没有系统练习真题的话可以用这个，比如大三下学期之前就开始复习考研。反之就没必要用了，直接买完整的真题做就好。考研英语真题排行榜前五就是这些啦。选书主要看核心优势，如果一本书的核心优势正好解决自己的问题，那就放心用吧，不然别人说的再好也不要跟风买。英语真题书是这样，其他科目的参考书也是如此。

建议早点开始。很多人一般是从暑假开始的，其实有点晚，除非你本身基础足够好，或者真题只打算做1-2遍，不然暑假开始根本来不及。刷真题可不是简简单单把题做一遍就完事了！每篇文章、每道题都要精读、精做，刚开始一篇文章精读下来花费3h时间都是非常正常的。一、真题包括哪些年份按照我用的真题书《考研真相》的最新版来说，一般分为3个部分：基础加强版（02-08年），共7年真题。年份比较久远，不管是解题思路还是命题角度都跟现在有很大差距，建议只做阅读和完型部分。以积累单词和语法为主，不必太过纠结准确率。高分突破版（09-15年），共7年真题。题型和命题角度都趋于稳定，需要重点做。所有题型都要做，不光要吃透文章，还要了解命题人的命题套路，总结解题方法。考前冲刺版（16-21年），共6年真题。这部分是最有价值的真题，前3年可以跟高分突破版的一起研究，后3年的留到最后半个月做模拟训练。二、真题阅读的刷题方法第一遍刷什么？主要是梳理文章结构、生词、长难句、语法结构。①第一遍可以不要求速度，但一定要保证5道题的做题时间不要中断。②逐词逐句分析文章，保证每个句子的每个单词都认识，每个句子的语法结构都清楚。前面提到我自己用的是《考研真相》这套真题书，个人非常喜欢它的解析，是一句一句挨着讲的，还是这种图解的方式，语法结构一目了然，基础再弱也能快速理清句子结构，根本不用再上什么网课、看什么语法书，一本逐词逐句的真题书（《考研真相》）就足够了。英二是《考研圣经》，一样地逐词逐句讲。③遇到非常复杂的长难句，可以直接抄在本子上，自己练习拆分，后期也可以复习来看。第二遍刷什么？主要是理解作者的行文思路、总结解题方法。①第二遍可以计时做题，每篇阅读不超过20分钟；②根据每篇文章前面的“篇章结构”关系图（《考研真相》里），理清作者的行文思路，重点把握文章的结构，是总-分，还是分-总，各段之间是什么关系，每一段的中心句、主题句在什么位置等。③慢慢总结解题方法，一般出题顺序跟文章段落顺序是一致的，你得知道怎么抓关键词，如何定位到原文，如何通过选项判定最终答案。第三遍刷什么？主要是摸清命题人的命题套路，总结破题技巧。①越到后期，越要按照时间要求来做。最好把英语复习时间也安排在下午2-5点（考试时间），以便于养成这个时间段做题的感觉。②真题之所以参考价值极大，是因为浓缩了好几代命题人的套路精华，尤其是最近几年的真题。在哪里挖坑，怎么挖的坑，设置了哪些干扰项，都有什么样的规律……这些都要慢慢摸索出来。比如常见的干扰项一般都是无中生有、张冠李戴、夸大或缩小范围、原词拼凑等等。总之，考研英语刷真题越早开始越好、每一遍做到极致最好。

考研英语难吗，有人说难，有人说不难，其实难不难不仅仅取决于个人，更多的还取决于你会不会备考。如有些考生不仅悟出了命题规律，连英语命题素材的出处都了解得很清楚。如果你从来没有思考过这个问题，不妨今天随小编来了解一下。1、英语真题素材出自哪里？没有特别规定，但是，命题组的老师们都知道，可用材料均选自英美主流杂志或书籍。在选择标准上，大家的共识是，不用文学类材料，比如小说、戏剧、文学散文等，也不使用专业性特别强的材料，因为使用专业性过强的材料对非该专业的学生不够公平。此外，命题材料所涉及的话题也格外注意，比如，谈论宗教、种族、政治的文字一般不用。就整体而言，考研英语较多采用经济、教育、文化等公共话题的篇章。并且，老师们选材时，经常以所选文章能否找得出"题眼"而做取舍，比如，选择阅读理解的篇章时，文字的表述要有曲折，才好设置题目。当然，文章中若有"超纲"词，或过于专业的术语，命题老师会将其替换掉或做适当解释，以便考生顺利阅读。2、考研英语素材哪些最靠谱？绝大多数都来源于英美主流报刊杂志，比如TheEconomist(《经济学人》)、BloombergBusinessWeek(《商业周刊》)、Nature(《自然杂志》)、TheWallStreetJournal(《华尔街邮报》、TheNewYorkTimes(《纽约时报》)等。偶尔也会在一些书籍中寻找合适的文字做考试素材，比如，有些做翻译题目的篇章选自相关的英文专著，但不多，并且会对其中的个别术语和专业概念做细致处理，保证考试的公平。因此，考研备考中重要的就是研读，因为语篇永远都在变化，但命题思路和题目设置是稳定的。这也是考研命题的整体思路。3、是否会从英美报纸上选择命题材料?一般不会。因为报纸上发表的文章通常面向大众读者，文字表述浅显易懂，不适于出题，并且报纸文章通常强调时事性，由于考生关注时事的程度不同，以此类内容做考题或对不同考生有失公允。4、作文的命题有什么规律?考研英语的作文题目通常以一幅图画或一个图表给出。在话题选择上，命题人不会刻意贴近社会热点话题，基本会选择大家相对熟悉的话题，消除因为背景知识不同带来的差异，保证公平。另外，每年考题素材的选择从未预设过主题偏向，所用材料只要来源与内容足够多样并适合一贯命题要求即可。即便是被热炒的《经济学人》杂志，入选篇章的数量也并没有明显高过其他刊物。还在为不知道从何入手考研英语复习而头大吗？还在纠结考研英语考试素材都出自何处吗？这篇文章可以帮你解决很多问题。多读书、多看报、少玩游戏，多关注小编的文章，一定会对你有所帮助的！