的考研题

21年考研结束了，此次管综逻辑试题总体上看，难易程度适中，较之去年而言，今年的试题难度稍有提升。考生在3个小时的考试时间内答完试卷还是需要一些策略的，譬如如果你先写选择题再写作文，嗯，多数是时间不够的，好多小伙伴大作文都是空的！不怕不会做就怕明明我文思泉涌，可是老师来收试卷了……所以为那些先写作文的机智boy and girl点个赞！不管怎么说考完了我们总是要期待下成绩的，好轻松er给大家整理了2021考研管综的试题及参考答案（网友回忆版），大家来估个分呗！今年管综逻辑试题内容方面着重点有所变化，对形式逻辑部分基础知识的考察比例上升。今年形式逻辑部分基础知识的考察比例接近50%，上年形式逻辑部分的出题形式没有那么灵活，思路、方法比较固定、模式化，具体题目考察的比较简单，都是平时为大家反复强调的知识点，但是今年的逻辑题总是要多留心思考一下的因此也消耗了大家很多时间，作文题的考察点有点多，如果审题不够仔细，平时训练不严格的小伙伴可能要吃亏了，不过老师对多数同学这部分考题的作答情况还是相当自信的。只要在答题过程中细致一些，这部分的分数应该是稳拿的。言归正传，咱们不废话了，上真题吧！题目太多18张图片呢，还有作文题的分析+范文，刚刚上传后被度娘拍死了，所以现在抛砖引玉，先放3张图片，21考研er赶快来对对答案吧，嗯，有需要全文真题和答案解析的小伙伴记得给我留言呦，我发给你们！

上面是考研英语中历年考过超10次的词汇，最多的甚至达25次之多，所以童鞋们可以重点看看这些单词哦！ 人家反复在考，说明再考的机率还是很大的，所以一定要把上面的这些词汇做到没有一个生词。记单词这个事情是一个比较长期的过程，从你决定开始考研开始，要一直记单词到你考研初试之前，这也是考研英语最基础的一个过程。所以单词很重要，像这种常考词汇那就更不要说了，经常考你觉得之后再考的机率大不大？考研英语也是应试考试，所以是有规律的，童鞋们！搞起来啊！

网友投稿啊啊啊啊！考研初试成绩终于出来啦，本考研英语76分学姐要给集美们种草1本神仙真题书——《考研真相》4件套！真的真的太太太太好用啦！从一个六级都没过的英语渣到考研英语逆袭76分，我真的全靠《考研真相》！说下这本《考研真相》好用的点，听完你肯定会心动！（1）文章解析超级细！《考研真相》最大的亮点就是里面的文章解析超级详细，每个句子都有解析，而且还是图示的分层讲解，你跟着解析看就能看懂。当然了，就算语法基础不好，看着这个一级注释，二级注释，把每个句子的主干、成分都讲得很清楚，你看的时候，就会发现，你的脑子是跟着这个解析一步一步走的，逐步理解句子并掌握，再回头去看文章意思，就会发现理解起来很通顺，也不会有障碍，这就是《考研真相》的好用之处，原来讲得细，真的有用！效果是你自己完全能感受得到的！（2）翻译很贴心，逐句翻译+全文翻译！《考研真相》有2种翻译形式，逐句和全文翻译都有，你想详细分析句子的时候就看逐句的解析，想通读文章的就看全文的翻译，很方便，随你灵活安排！个人真实体验：《考研真相》真的太适合英语基础弱的考研党了！因为它每个句子都讲，你哪句不懂就看哪句就好了，句子拆开了看，难句子也就变成了简单句，语法基础不好还能跟着学，真的很有用！而且除了句子，重点的单词也有意思和用法的注释，看的时候不认识这个单词，也不用再查单词书或者百度了，多省事儿！如果你英语四级没过、六级没过、六级没上500分的话，我真心建议你选《考研真相》，去吧，用了你就会回来感谢我的！（提示一下：英一的用《考研真相》，英二的用《考研圣经》，别搞混了）下面就来分享一下怎么做真题的吧，做真题你可以参考以下5步方法：第一步做完真题后先自己翻译，遇到不认识的单词时，立刻把它记到笔记本上，一定要把它弄懂。主要是记这个单词在真题中的意思，至于其他意思不要管。其他不认识的单词以此类推。第二步遇到不懂的长难句，你就可以看看英语二的《考研圣经》、英语一的《考研真相》上的一句一句的句子图解，解析详细，学着拆分这个句子，把这个长难句搞明白，打好基础。长难句不要力求一遍就解决，很多长难句要通过反复的琢磨才能解决，第一遍不行，第二遍，第二遍不行，第三遍，等到第十遍的时候，我相信长难句一定可以解决。把特别难啃的长难句记下来，花时间去研究，把它解决掉。第三步做题的时候首先要看题目问的什么，通过问题定位到原文的哪一个点，找到原句子，进行分析，选出正确答案并且要思考：为什么选A，为什么不选BCD，一定要搞清楚原因。第四步做完题后，把全文在不看译文的情况下，翻译一遍这样做的目的是锻炼你对句子整体的把握，培养你的语感。让你知道知道整句话是讲的什么。第五步大约一篇文章下来差不多2个半小时，可以一篇文章用2天来解决如果是2天的话，那么第二天翻译的时候要把句与句之间的关系思考一下，上下句是什么关系，进行一个大概的梳理。

又一年的考研初试结束，那同学们现在的状态怎么样呢？最近好多同学在网上聊今年的考试题目，那21年考研的你有什么想对正在准备22年考研的学弟学妹们分享的呢？考研真题是考研备考中非常重要的资料，通过考研真题，同学们可以了解到报考院校及报考专业相关的命题方向、命题特点、题型以及解题思路等等。还有一些院校可能会有原题出现。所以考研专业课真的是非常关键！考研辅导老师还有丸子个人都建议同学们找近三年的真题为标准，学校是否公布真题，往往是院校对于筛选优质考生和吸引考生报考的一个方式。一些知名高校尤其是其热门专业往往会更在乎学生的专业综合能力而不指定书目，不提供真题，这也算是对考生的一种筛选。院校提供历年真题则更希望考生能够积极地准备，积极报考这些院校的相关专业。获取真题的途径除了院校官方公布之外，还有几种方法：1. 参考各个院校官方论坛和相关的备考群。2. 找报考院校相关专业的学姐学长，了解一下他们当初是如何准备的。3. 报考院校附近的书店或者复印店，这些地方一般会有一些内部渠道可以获取相关的真题类的资料。4. 积极主动联系你所报考的院校相关专业的导师，如果你能跟导师聊得还是不错的话，导师愿意接受你报考他的专业，那有些导师会直接或者间接的给你提供一些相关的考试资料或者是帮助。5. 如果你是像丸子一样在锦泽上考研辅导，也会给你提供这方面的帮助。考研备考的路子很多，只要你能找到适合自己的，并且为之努力，你会成功上岸的！欢迎同学们评论补充。

2021考研数学考试12月27日上午结束，收到很多同学反馈今年考研数学题目不难相对比较简单，为了方便考研人在考研结束之后核对以及2022考研人了解考情，下面和郑州启航考研一起来看下2021考研数学二真题及答案解析(完整版)。由于数学试题的特殊性，一些计算符号和数学单位无法直接在百家号发布，只能以图片版的形式发表。如果看不清楚的话，大家可以给我留言。我单独给你发题。数学二真题解析：#考研数学#

摘要：对于考研人来说，考研真题具有非常重要的指导意义。考研真题对于我们来说是相当重要的资料，特别是专业课的。但是相比公共课真题，专业课的获取方式就没那么容易了。幸运的是一部分学校会在官网公布，省去了很多时间，今天帮童鞋们整理了一些学校的真题，需要的请自取哦~　　P.S.:所有真题均出自院校官网，由学校官方上传(如果打不开可能是学校删掉了……)，具体年份以官网公布的为主.如果没有你的目标院校，请不要来问，问就是在官网上没有……四川1.四川师范大学http://yjsc.sicnu.e.cn/p/31/北京1.中国社会科学院http://www.gscass.cn/html/news/2016-09-21/14623.html2.北京化工大学http://graate.buct.e.cn/zsgz/kyzl/index.htm3.北京城市学院http://www.bcu.e.cn/yjszsxx/xzzq.htm4.中国科学院大学http://admission.ucas.ac.cn/ShowArticle/news/fd47c18f-ea5e-4f7e-82c7-38c2d808a9b8天津1.天津商业大学http://yz.tjcu.e.cn/index/zlxz.htm河北1.河北大学http://graate.hbu.cn/lnztxz/index.jhtml2.燕山大学https://zsjyc.ysu.e.cn/ssszsxxw/lnst.htm3.河北工程大学http://yanjs.hebeu.e.cn/zsgz/sszs.htm4.华北科技学院http://yjsy.ncist.e.cn/column/col2149/index.html辽宁1.大连工业大学http://yjs.dep.dlpu.e.cn/zs.asp?id=95山东1.山东大学http://www.yz.s.e.cn/bkzn/sszmt.htm2.青岛大学http://grad.q.e.cn/graate/info.do?columnId=66473.山东师范大学http://www.yjszs.sdnu.e.cn/wnsj/wnstxz.htm4.山东科技大学http://yjsy.sst.e.cn/tonggonggao/2191.html5.青岛理工大学http://souky.eol.cn/HomePage/news/index_462.html6.青岛农业大学http://grad.qau.e.cn/channel/zhaoshengxinxi7.烟台大学http://yjs.ytu.e.cn/zsgz/lnqk.htm江苏1.南京理工大学http://gs.njust.e.cn/zsw/zyxz/list.htm2.江苏大学http://yz.ujs.e.cn/（在网页最后的历年数据中）3.扬州大学http://yjszs.yzu.e.cn/col/col37113/index.html4.江苏科技大学http://yjsb.just.e.cn/zlxz_7130/list.htm5.常州大学http://gs.cczu.e.cn/1826/list1.htm6.南京审计学院http://yjsb.nau.e.cn/4398/list.htm上海1.上海海事大学http://yz.shmtu.e.cn/e/action/ListInfo/?classid=90浙江浙江工业大学http://www.yz.zjut.e.cn/list.asp?tid=20浙江理工大学http://gradadmission.zstu.e.cn/cyxx/lnstjlqrs.htm浙江财经大学https://yjsc.zufe.e.cn/xljk/ztxz.htm杭州电子科技大学http://grs.h.e.cn/2018/0913/c1721a86669/page.htm中国计量大学http://yjsb.cjlu.e.cn/yjsy/zsnet/detail2-22466.jspx　　杭州师范大学http://yjs.hznu.e.cn/tkyjszs/lnkt/index.shtml浙江海洋大学http://yjs.zjou.e.cn/yjszsxxw/kyzl.htm福建1.华侨大学试题2012-2016年：http://yjszs.hqu.e.cn/uploads/zhenti.htm报录比2011-2019年：http://yjszs.hqu.e.cn/info/1013/1618.htm广东1.华南理工大学https://yanzhao.scut.e.cn/open/Master/ZsSt_Down.aspx2.暨南大学https://yz.jnu.e.cn/rdzt/list.htm3.深圳大学进入链接后，输入「真题」https://yz.szu.e.cn/ssjg.jsp?wbtreeid=1051&searchScope=0¤tnum=4.广东海洋大学http://yjs.gdou.e.cn/main/news/NewsList.aspx?no=51&pId=175.广东财经大学http://yjsc.gfe.e.cn/243/list.htm6.汕头大学http://www.gs.stu.e.cn/page/3146e589-974f-423b-b4f4-df61cc7bcebb7.广东金融学院https://yjs.gf.e.cn/zsgz1/lnstk.htm广西1.广西民族大学http://yjs.gxun.e.cn/list.jsp?urltype=tree.TreeTempUrl&wbtreeid=15532.桂林电子科技大学https://www.guet.e.cn/yjszs/info/1067/1211.htm云南1.昆明理工大学http://yjs.kmust.e.cn/html/zs/sszs/2018/09/21/e362c6bd-471b-42c5-ac7b-9bab676362c5.html湖南1.湖南农业大学　　http://yjszs.hunau.e.cn/sszs/xgxz_1595/2.湘潭大学有些年份的硕博试题在一起，大家仔细翻阅　http://dag.xtu.e.cn/info.php?catalog=75湖北1.武汉科技大学　　http://ysxy.wust.e.cn/2018/0920/c456a170027/page.htm2.武汉纺织大学2015-2017年　　http://gs.wtu.e.cn/zsgz/qrzssyjs/lnst.htm江西　1.江西师范大学在「专业查询」处可获取所报专业真题　　http://219.229.249.15/安徽　1.安徽师范大学　　http://yz.ahnu.e.cn/sszs/xgxz.htm河南1.河南财经政法大学　　http://yjs.huel.e.cn/zlxa.htm2.河南师范大学2013-2015、2017-2018年　　http://www.henannu.e.cn/yjsxy/2015/0912/c2849a47772/page.htm山西1.太原科技大学　　http://yjs.tyust.e.cn/info/1163/1335.htm陕西1.西安电子科技大学需自行前往学校免费领取）　　https://gr.xidian.e.cn/info/1074/7753.htm2.西安石油大学　　在官方微信公众号「西安石油大学研究生招生」输入科目代码，即可获取近年来真题，各科目提供的年份不统一。甘肃1.兰州大学哲学社会学院http://zheshexi.lzu.e.cn/col_yjs/201905/AEE60B4C90B5761BA74D2E626097AA4B.htm　　考研要考察的终归是知识点本身，所以切忌只研究真题而忽略了知识点本身。最好的方法应该是以真题为指向，再回归到知识点进行理解记忆。这样就既能发挥真题的价值，也能把知识点记忆得更深刻。　　希望童鞋们都能在真题中有所提升，都能进入自己理想的学校哦！PS：嘟嘟已经将搜集考研专业课真题的途径推荐给大家，如何选择和利用还是要结合自身情况。大家赶快行动起来吧~

考研刚刚结束，今年341万人报考，之前就被预测会是史上最难考研年，果然，考题也不负众望，上午被政治逼到怀疑自己还是不是个中国人，下午英语直接帮你敲定：我可不就是个中国人。除了感受到试卷质感良好，涂卡笔下笔顺滑，监考老师态度严肃，以及出题老师深深的恶意，只剩下了蛋蛋的忧伤。看着出乎意料的考题，面对越来越低的报录比，考研竞争如此激烈，是不是该给自己上个双保险？启德教育建议，在参与国内研究生考试的同时进行研究生留学申请规划，规避掉国内考研失败只能重头再来的风险，研究生留学不仅选择多，且可同时申请多所院校，国内国外读研申请两不误！双管齐下 准备并行国内外研究生同时备考+申请，研究生升学双重保障适应未来 跨专业申请不局限于本科专业，多一次选择专业的机会众多名校 丰富选择可同时申请多所国外院校研究生，未来更多可能申请无忧 缓解压力手握名校录取，减轻考研心理负担美国秋季入学时间：9月；截止申请：一般1月春季入学时间：1-2月；截止申请：当年8-9月（具体学校截止时间不一样，以学校官网为准）加拿大秋季入学时间：9月 ；截止申请：一般3月春季入学时间：1-2月；截止申请：9月英爱秋季入学时间：9月；截止申请：一般5月前截止，热门专业前一年12月以前截止春季入学时间：1-2月；截止申请：12月中下旬澳新秋季入学时间：7月；截止申请：一般4-5月春季入学时间：2月；申请时间：9-11月欧洲秋季：德国：7月15日申请截止，10月入学法国：6月申请截止，9月入学荷兰：4-5月申请截止，9月入学春季：德国：1月15日申请截止，4月入学法国：11月申请截止，2月入学荷兰：10月中旬申请截止，2月入学亚洲入学时间：日本4/7/10月，新马泰全年可入学，香港9月截止时间：日本、新马泰全年可申请，香港入学当年1至6月留学到底需要花多少钱？留学的钱究竟花在了哪里？纵观整个留学申请过程，留学费用主要分为两大部分。· 留学前期费用，主要花在语言考试费、材料公证费、签证申请费、体检、机票费用、中介服务费和其它上。· 留学后期的费用，留学学费和留学生活费是两大主要支出。留学学费方面，会根据留学国家、学历层次、学制时间、专业、院校、地区等的不同而有所差别。留学生活费用包含了住宿、食品、娱乐、衣服、社交、学习等的开销，由于个人的生活习惯和生活方式不同，生活费用则因人而异。美国留学前费用:2-5万学费:6-30万/年生活费:5-15万/年留学总费用:15-40万/年加拿大留学前费用:1-5万学费:8-15万/年生活费:5-10万/年留学总费用:14-30万/年英爱留学前费用:2-5万学费:10-30万/年生活费:8-12万/年留学总费用:20-40万/年澳新留学前费用:1-5万学费:11-19万/年生活费:5-15万/年留学总费用:20-26万/年欧洲留学前费用:1-5万学费:0-15万/年生活费:6-8万/年留学总费用:7-28万/年亚洲留学前费用:1-5万学费:3-12万/年生活费:4-7万/年留学总费用:7-19万/年美国美国研究生教育水平较高，2019年QS世界大学排名前50学校中，美国有19所高校榜上有名。各高校拥有着丰富的教学资源，获得诺奖的人才，华尔街经济专家，各领域知名人士，都会出现在大学的讲台上。美国的研究生毕业后就业前景广泛，近期随着H-1B的利好消息，在美工作机会放宽，若毕业后选择归国，在国内市场也有很强的竞争力。加拿大加拿大政府教育投入比重较高，占国民总产值的7.1%。官方数据显示加拿大硕士留学生平均学费为16252加币/年，生活费1-1.2万加币/年，总留学费用在英美澳加主流留学国家中较低，并且大学会为优秀录取者颁发高额奖学金。大部分大学及学院，会与当地企业合作，在课程中要求学生完成带薪实习。毕业后可以申请1-3年工作签证，获得6-12个月工作经验后即可申请移民；加拿大部分地区硕士/博士留学生毕业即可直接申请移民，无需工作经验及雇佣证明。英国英国老牌院校众多，教育水平较高，学生可以申请到世界排名靠前的院校。硕士课程更为多样，分为授课型及研究型硕士课程，此外还有硕士预科供学生过度适应。对于考研不满意的学生，可申请9月或次年1月两次入学时间，一年硕士课程，更容易华丽转身好大学收获双学位。院校为海外留学生提供多种奖学金，很大程度上降低了生活成本。并且由于中英贸易合作，多个行业前景可观。澳洲澳洲全部39所大学中23所进入世界500强，八大名校均跻身百强，但申请门槛相对较低，部分专业申请无背景要求，入读后可申请转专业。奖学金较丰厚，留学经济负担更小。澳洲研究生教育袭了西方文化的特性，不强调标准答案，更注重创新和科技。在完成研究生的学业后可获得2年工签，澳洲移民政策相对来讲也较为宽松。欧洲2019QS世界大学前200强，欧洲独领风骚占3成以上席位。公立0学费，0小语种基础，入读欧洲知名公立院校。英文授课/小语种授课任君选择，成就双外语小达人。实习薪资高达1.5万元/月，校企合作多，就业无难度。毕业后即获找工作签证，最少工作2年即可移民欧洲。还可申根签证畅游欧洲，艺术氛围浓厚，感受欧式创意思维。亚洲亚洲院校学费一般3-12万，生活费4-7万，此外还有不同程度的学费减免。从申请到入学时间为3个月至1年，日本、新马泰全年可申请，香港入学当年1至6月（前一年11月部分开放申请 ）。新港授课型硕士学年制为1年，新港韩研究型硕士、日本修士学制为3年。并且从国内到亚洲国家、地区飞机基本只要几个小时，文化差异小，能快速融入到当地学习生活。美国2018年美国《门户开放报告》数据显示，国际学生在美国留学，就读人数最多的十大学科分别是工程、商业与管理、数学和计算机科学、社会科学、物理和生命科学、艺术、健康、英语课程、传媒、教育。另据启德留学美国客户服务数据显示，美国研究生留学十大热门专业为：金融、计算机、电子工程、电子与计算机工程、商业分析、统计学、会计、金工金数、市场营销、机械工程。加拿大启德留学加拿大客户服务数据显示，加拿大本科留学生专业选择，商科类专业占比达到38.98%，理科类、文科类和工科类占比分别为26.53%、22.63% 和11.86%；加拿大研究生留学十大热门专业为：MBA、教育学、金融、计算机工程、经济学、土木工程、管理学、计算机科学、机械工程、会计。英国英国高等教育统计局HESA数据显示，2016-17学年，英国高校最受国际学生欢迎的十大学科为商业与管理研究类、工程与技术类、社会学研究、创新艺术与设计、生物科学、医学相关学科、计算机科学、语言学、物理科学、建筑与规划。启德留学英国客户服务数据显示，英国留学读研十大热门专业为：财务与金融、商业与管理、电子电气工程、语言与教育、传媒、市场营销、人力资源、艺术、计算机科学、法律。澳洲启德留学澳大利亚客户服务数据显示，商科依然是中国学生赴澳留学的主流选择，理科、工科为第二大申请群体；澳大利亚研究生留学十大热门专业为：国际商务/贸易、会计、信息技术、金融、土木工程、电子工程、传媒、市场营销、设计、教育。新西兰新西兰国际教育推广局2017年数据显示，除了受学生喜欢的商科类专业以外，工程，教育和信息技术专业也倍受国际学生青睐。工程和信息技术是新西兰紧缺移民专业，而教育一直都是新西兰的优势专业，始终排在世界前列。另据最近五年启德留学新西兰客户服务数据显示，中国学生留学新西兰选择最多的十大专业为：管理学、商务/贸易、工程、会计与金融、教育与语言、旅游酒店管理、市场营销、计算机、媒体设计、食品技术。日本/韩国/新加坡/香港从日本国公立“研究生”录取专业比例看，理工科专业占比较高，并且逐年上升。而从韩国本科申请专业占比来看，商科和传媒类专业仍然最受青睐。商科是中国学生留学新加坡的热门学科，特别是管理学/MBA、金融学、会计，同时酒店、旅游管理类专业也颇具吸引力。作为亚洲热门求学目的地，前往中国香港求学的内地学生中，读研的占比高达95.16%，启德学生赴港读研十大热门专业为：金融、计算机科学、多媒体创意、教育学、大众传媒、会计学、物流管理、经济学、市场营销、电气工程。作为中国香港求学最热门专业，商科类专业申请较去年上升约7%。德国德国《2018科学大都会》数据显示，德国院校在STEAM（Science，Technology，Engineering，Arts，Mathematics）类学科方向的专业都非常有吸引力，最热门的依然是工程类专业（机械工程、电子电气工程、材料工程、计算机等），其次是经济学、社会学和法学等专业。法国欧洲留学的另一个热门国家法国，根据启德2018年的申请趋势来看，申请商科类，特别是英文授课的学生人数比例有所上升。启德教育分析，这主要是由于法国高等商学院全世界排名靠前，性价比高，国际化程度高，热门专业多（数据分析、商业分析、奢侈品管理、艺术文化管理、旅游酒店管理、金融专业）。荷兰另据Neso China数据，目前在荷兰就读的12万国际学生中有8065名来自中国，占国际生的比例近7%。中国已成为荷兰第二大留学生生源国，仅次于德国。从学生选择的学科来看，最热门的学科有管理学、经济学、金融学、电子工程、环境科学、物流、建筑和土木工程技术等。

考研英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of [B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to2. [A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3. [A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4. [A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6. [A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7. [A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8. [A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]withdrawn [B]invested [C]donated [D]divided19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20. [A]so that [B]while [C]once [D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion instry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death—as some have done. It tells the fashion instry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their indivial worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion instry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion instry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion instry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular instry.21.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.[B] New runways would be constructed.[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.[D] The fashion instry would decline.22.The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2,Para 2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of.[B] indicating the state of.[C] losing faith in.[D] doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion instry?[A] The French measures have already failed.[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.[C] Model are no longer under peer pressure.[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting a high age threshold for models.[B] caring too much about models’ character.[C] showing little concern for health factors.[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Instry.[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Instry’s Body Ideals.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Consecutive parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London are alone, with no intrusion on green bet. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.[C] is fully backed by the royal family.[D] is not well reflected in politics.27.According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now be[A] graally destroyed.[B] effectively reinforced.[C] largely overshadowed.[D] properly protected.28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C] stresses the necessity f easing the housing crisis.[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30.In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain.[B] the political life in today’s Britain.[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.Text 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit”. But even if you accept Firedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggest the CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s procts are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s procts as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s procts as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for briding foreign officials,” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] tolerance[B] skepticism[C] uncertainty[D] approval32.According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] winning trust from consumers.[B] guarding it against malpractices.[C] protecting it from being defamed.[D] raising the quality of its procts.33. The expression “more lenient” (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to[A] more effective[B] less controversial[C] less severe[D] more lasting34.When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A] has an impact on their decision.[B] comes across as reliable evidence.[C] increases the chance of being penalized.[D] constitutes part of the investigation.35.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?[A] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B] The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.[C] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking instry.Text 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Timesceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future，”the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside，there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper-printing presses, delivery trucks—isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Timesshould’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as a blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times?“I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said. “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy proct.”The most loyal customers would still get the proct they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to make a print proct, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Timesis doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as mush as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly e[A] the high cost of operation.[B] the pressure from its investors.[C] the complaints from its readers.[D] the increasing online ad sales.37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should[A] seek new sources of readership.[B] end the print edition for good.[C] aim for efficient management.[D] make strategic adjustments.38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy proct”[A] helps restore the glory of former times.[B] is meant for the most loyal customers.[C] will have the cost of printing reced.[D] expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that, in a changing world.[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated.[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand[C] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[D] Keep Your Newspapers Forever in FashionPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the A-G for each of the numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Have confidence in yourself[C] Decide if the time is right[D] Understood the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and like ability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader, Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful ring transitions-- when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues, and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have . Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What convey status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to rece decision fatigue . Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition of exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us, (47)Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem—confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives—the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a from of innate or unlearned optimism. (48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness of they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50)As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingDirections:Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案详解（完整版）Section I Use of English1、【答案】B as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，"择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友"显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。其他选项意思与原文内容不符。2、【答案】D decide on【解析】根据选项得知空格处需要填谓语动词，空格后面的宾语是"…配偶"，所以根据动宾搭配的原则，D选项 decide on可以与后面的宾语，构成通顺语义：选择配偶。所以D项正确。3、【答案】C arrange【解析】此题考查的仍是动宾搭配，空格处后面的内容the marriage negotiation，只能与选项C arrange构成通顺语义，"安排…磋商"，故选C。4、【答案】A In theory【解析】根据空格后面的内容，得知女孩可能会否定她的父母为其所选的配偶；句中的may 表示的是一种可能性。所以，与原文句子内容表达一致的，只有A选项 in theory。5、【答案】C after【解析】空格处所在的句子是现在完成时，逗号后面的内容是一般现在时，所以根据时态判断，前后内容存在时间上的先后性，所以C选项after正确。6、【答案】A into【解析】原文：each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _______ a good family. 每个家庭调查另一个家庭，确保孩子娶或嫁到一个好家庭。此处需要填入一个介词，嫁入另一个家庭，介词选择into最合适。故选A。7、【答案】C but【解析】若要判断此空的答案，需要看到前后文的具体含义和逻辑关系。空格上半句说：原来传统婚礼持续三天，后半句说：到20世纪80年代婚礼通常持续1天半，显然前后文形成了对比，故选C。8、【答案】C recite【解析】原文：Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and______ prayers of blessing.佛教神职人员提供一个简短的布道和__________祈祷祝福。四个选项中只有recite prayers为其固定搭配，意为"诵经"。故选C。9、【答案】D tying【解析】原文：________ cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, 把浸泡在圣水中的棉线______在新娘和新郎的手腕。A folding 折叠； B piling 堆积；C wrapping 包裹；以上三项均不符合文意，故选D项tying，绑，系。10、【答案】B passing【解析】原文： around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union.在一圈婚姻幸福美满和德高望重的情侣中_________一根蜡烛来祝福他们。根据语境，A lighting，点亮，C hiding隐藏，D serving 服务;均不合适，只能选B passing 传递。故选B。11、【答案】D union【解析】该句讲到：围坐在新婚夫妇身边祝福他们的____. 根据语境可知应填入团聚的含义，四个选项中union可以表示团聚之意， 为正确答案meeting会议、会面，association联合、联盟，collection收集、集合，均不符合语境。12、【答案】 D live【解析】该句意思是：传统意义上讲新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，并和他们______长达一年之久。前文讲到新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，后文应保持一致性，"和他们生活在一起"故为答案live (with) 与……生活在一起，grow成长，part (with)表分离，反向干扰，deal (with) 处理、应对，不符合题意，故live为正确答案13、【答案】 B until【解析】该句意思是：新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，并和他们______长达一年之久，______他们能够在附近建造新房。空格需要填入逻辑连接词，前后为时间先后关系，故代入until，语义合理，"直到他们造新房之前都住在新娘父母家"。前后文无转折，可排除whereas然而。for表原因，if表条件，代入均不合理。因此答案为until。14、【答案】 A obtain【解析】该句意思是：离婚是合法的并容易______，但并不普遍。填入词应与legal感情色彩一致，故排除avoid（避免）及challenge（挑战，质疑），而follow（跟随）一词通常不与divorce搭配。选项obtain代入语境中，obtain a divorce可以表示获得离婚，搭配合理，语义通顺，为正确答案。15、【答案】C viewed【解析】该句意思是：人们______离婚的人是反对的。此处需填入动作，isolated隔离，persuaded劝说，viewed看待、视为，exposed暴露、揭露。代入文中viewed是最合理的，人们看待离婚的人持反对态度的。因此答案为viewed。16、【答案】D whatever【解析】此处空前有动词retain， 因此需要填入一个连词引导宾语从句， 并且与property搭配，共同充当从句中的宾语。因此排除A选项wherever"无论何地"和C选项whenever"无论何时"。B 选项"however"，作"但是"解，与句意不服， 作"无论多么"理解， 后面常跟形容词，而非名词。 而whatever 与property搭配，可以充当宾语从句的宾语，表示"一切财产"，因此选项D为正确答案。17、【答案】B brought【解析】此处需要填入一个动词，能和property 形成动宾搭配。A选项changed意为"改变"， B选项brought意为"带来"，C选项shaped意为"形成"，D选项pushed意为"推搡"。因此符合文意，能够和财产搭配的只能是选项B。18、【答案】A divided【解析】空格处是一个被动语态， 此处仍然需要填入一个与jointly-acquired property（共同获得的财产）形成动宾搭配的动词。A 选项divided"分割"，不B选项invested"投资"，C选项donated"捐赠"，D选项withdrawn"取钱；撤走资金"，均能和jointly-acquired property构成动宾搭配，但是此处的情境是讨论离婚时的行为， 因此A选项为正确选项。19、【答案】C shows【解析】此处考察固定词组。 A选项clear up意为"（天空）放晴；治疗；处理；解释"，B选项warm up意为"使变热；（使）更活跃"，C选项show up意为"显现，出现"，D选项break up意为"结束；使破碎"。后文提到离婚后，男士可以立即重婚， 而女士必须要等十个月，可知符合文意，并且能够和"性别歧视"搭配的只能是选项C。20、【答案】A while【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文指出，离婚男士在他再婚前没有一个等候期，空格后提到"女性必须要等待10个月"，显然，这二者之间不是因果关系，因此排除B选项 so that"所以"和D选项in that"因为"，也不是C选项once"一旦"所表达的条件关系，因此正确答案为A选项。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121、【答案】[A] physical beauty would be redefined【解析】推断题。根据题干first paragraph定位第一段，其中第一句France ,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion instry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman.以作为全球时尚创新者为荣的法国承认已经失去定义女性形体美的绝对权利，说明法国以前制定的形体美的标准已不再适用，现在需要做出改变，故A选项为正确答案。22、【答案】[D] doing harm to【解析】词义题。根据题干关键词"impinging on"(line2, para2)，定位到第二段的第二句"They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health."（他们认为美女不应该以…健康的外表来界定）。该句承接本段第一句"Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives."其中，Such measures指代的正是第一段中阐述的"雇佣过瘦(excessive thinness)的模特会犯罪的法律规定"，且excessive一词表明了情感色彩是贬义的。因此，推断出impinging on对health是"有害的、不利的"，故选[D] doing harm to。23、【答案】[B] New standards are being set in Danmark【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位在原文第五段。由该段第二句可知，丹麦等国正在制定模特的标准。与选项[B]丹麦正在制定新的标准相符合，故正确。24、【答案】[C] showing little concern for health factors【解析】推理题。题干问的是"设计师似乎被CFW拒绝的原因"。根据题干关键词，回文定位到倒数第二段，其中指出"…enforcement is to deny access for designers…"，意思是"法案拒绝设计师进入CFW，它是由丹麦时装学院创办的。"，再根据该段前两句可知，丹麦时尚界同意关于模特的年纪，健康以及其他特点的法规和制裁，也就是说，丹麦时装学院不再只关注身材，也关注健康。而设计师一般都是以瘦为美，而忽视健康。综上所述，设计师被拒绝的原因是不考虑健康因素，故选[C] showing little concern for health factors。25、【答案】[A] A challenge to the Fashion Instry's Body Ideals【解析】主旨题。首段指出法律要求时尚界不能用过瘦的模特，接下来的段落重点说明时尚界的模特同时还需考虑年纪，健康以及其他方面的因素等。因此这篇文章的中心是围绕对时尚界理想体型观点的挑战，故[A] A challenge to the Fashion Instry's Body Ideals正确。Text 226、【答案】A is not reflected in politics【解析】事实细节题。根据题干"英国大众对于乡村的观点"，可定位于文章的第一段。从文章第一段的后半段能得出：英国人民在民意调查中将"乡村"和王室、莎士比亚以及英国国民保健制度并列选为英国让他们最为自豪的四个方面，但是这种观点得到的政治支持却极为有限。A选项"is not well reflected in politics"在政治中没有得到很好的体现是对原文意思的同义替换，故选A。27、【答案】D graally destroyed【解析】事实细节题。根据题干很明确能回文定位到文章第二段。该段通过第一句的"a century ago"和后面的"later"可知是在做古今对比。题干中问的是"now"，所以重点锁定在对比中的后半部分，而这部分中"They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it."一句表明现在的National Trust已背离了它原始的初衷，它之前的那些成就已经消失了。D选项 graally destroyed正是对这一意思的表述，故选D。28、【答案】C Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation【解析】推理判断题。回文定位到第三段，该段主要讲了各大党派对于这个观点（及第一段中提到的观点）的态度：基本都不赞同。最后一部分"only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pledging for a considered approach to using green land"该句说明只有Ukip这个党派是赞同这个观点，要保护乡村的。C选项正是对原文的同义置换，故选C。29、【答案】D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据George Osborne 可以定位到文中第五段。文中提到George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. 后面一句还提到He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. 通过这两句话可以看出GO是比较喜欢rural的，而通过两个against 则可以看出对urban areas的prejudice. 故选择D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30、【答案】C the town-and-country planning Britain【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据最后一段第一句话可以确定本段的中心是第一句Development should be planned, not let trip, 说明发展是要有计划的，不能任其自由发展。然后再具体讲Britain经过半个世纪the town-and-country planning有计划的发展，取得了很好的成效。故选择C the town-and-country planning Britain.Text 331、【答案】A uncertainty【解析】态度题。根据题干中的关键词Milton Friedman, CSR 可以定位到第一段开头处，米尔顿·弗里德曼认为："企业有且只有一种责任，为增加利润而运用资源，开展活动"。紧接着文章转折并提出"things may not be absolutely clear-cut". 情况并不明确。由此推知，作者对此的态度是uncertainty. A选项是clear-cut的同意置换。选项B skepticism怀疑和选项C. tolerance宽容，都无从得知，选项D. approval 支持，属反项干扰，故答案选A.32、【答案】D. winning trust from consumers.【解析】细节题。根据第二段，以及题干中的关键词CSR，定位文章二段内容，公司花大笔资金在CSR上面，其结果就是"this could add value to their business in three ways", "以三种方式分别给公司带来价值"。紧接着文章分别阐述三种方式，得出正确答案为D. CSR是通过赢得顾客的信任从而帮助公司获益。33、【答案】D less severe【解析】词义题。根据题干回文定位到第四段第一句。通过该段第二句的描述可以得知CSR和政治影响是对立的两个因素。而第二句冒号后面交代，参与政治活动较多的公司不会受到较低的罚款。这就意味着，反而具有全面的CSR项目的公司受到的罚款比较低。因此，结合选项可以推出第一句话中的more lenient penalties指less severe，即不那么严重的（宽大）的惩罚。因此正确答案为D。34、【答案】B has an impact on their decision【解析】细节题。根据题干中的prosecutors evaluate a case回文定位到第五段第二句。该句指出虽然检察官在评估一个案件时，应该基于其功绩，实际上还是受到了公司CSR记录的影响。故正确答案为选项B。题干中的a company's CSR record是原文信息的复现，选项中的has an impact是原文be influenced的同义替换，their decision具体指检察官的评估决定。35、【答案】A The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown【解析】细节题。根据题干回文定位到最后一段。该段首句指出，研究者们承认他们的研究没有解决的问题是：针对CSR各大企业到底该支出多少费用。故正确答案为选项A，其中the necessary amount of companies spending on it（it指代CRS）是原文how much businesses ought to spend on CRS的同义替换，表达的核心都是"公司到底该支出多少费用"；unknown对应原文中的does not answer the question，对这个问题并没有做出回答。Text 436、【答案】[D] the high cost of operation【解析】从题干提取关键词ending和e to 定位到第二段主题句中的 incentive to ditch the print (放弃印刷的原因)。随后解释了infrastructure isn't just expensive （设备不仅仅是昂贵）。此外，该段还对比对手电子图书：don't have the same set of financial constraints（经济限制）。因此可以确定答案D： the high cost of operation 高昂的运营费用。选项A. The increasing online ad sales网络广告收入日益增加。该选项与该段 "And though print ad sales continue to dwarf their online and mobile counterparts"相违背。选项B. the pressure from its investors来自投资者的压力。该选项属于无中生有；选项C. the complaints from its readers读者的抱怨。同样是无中生有选项。37、【答案】[A] make strategic adjustments【解析】首先根据Peretti suggests定位到阐述Peretti观点的第四段第一句：Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.可以确定答案A. make strategic adjustments进行战略调整。选项B. end the print edition for good永远结束印刷版本。该选项和shouldn't不符。选项C. seek new sources of readership挖掘更多读者。文章中未提到。选项D. aim for efficient management提高管理效率。文章中未提到。38、【答案】[B] is meant for the most loyal customers【解析】本题答案定位到第6段第1句"The most loyal customers would still get the proct they favor"以及"make it for the people who are already obsessed with it"。其他选项"会降低报纸成本""有助于恢复报纸以前的辉煌""有助于报纸的流行和普及"这些信息文中均未提及。39、【答案】[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges【解析】根据题干中的"in a changing world"定位到文章最后一段最后一句. 原文说当市场和世界形势发生变化时，我们所做的事情就毫无意义了。在这种情形下，"more aggressive（积极进取）is better", 和答案中的关键信息"aggressiveness better"相呼应。其他选项意思原文中均未提及。40、【答案】[D] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good【解析】本文主要是讲述报纸行业为防止被淘汰的而需要做出的应对之策。根据文中第5段最后一句的"raise prices, and make it into more of a legacy proct"以及第6段中"increase it at a higher rate each year..."可得知，应该不应该立即取消或淘汰报纸行业，而应该把它变成一种更像文化遗产的一种产品，并且要不断提高报纸的价格，变成一种奢侈品。Part B41、【答案】B （Decide if the time is right）【解析】该段中出现了表示时间的词汇和短语：ring transitions; in a period of , time。在不同的时间段，作者给出了不同的策略。浏览小标题发现，只有选项B出现了表示时间的词汇。再次回看原文，本段第二句中的good与小标题中的right也恰好对应，因此确定正确答案为B选项。42、【答案】G （Know your goals）【解析】该段首句提到"弄清楚你希望达到的效果"，然后以问句形式提出段落主题，接着分两个方面来阐述：目标不同，要求不同。本段第一句话中的"get clear"与小标题中的"know"属于同义表达，并且本段第三句话中the goal 与小标题中的goal完全对应，因此正确答案为G选项。43、【答案】D （Understand the context）【解析】该段第一句话提到"要像人类学家一样来考虑你的工作环境"，接着给出了几个排比的问句，都是针对工作环境的具体细节的发问。最重要的是在结尾部分，作者总结评论道，"The better you …, the more control you …"，意为"对文化背景理解得越好，对自己的影响力就有越好的控制"。很明显，这句话凸显了context的重要性，而且出现了关键词的复现understand和context。因此，答案选D选项。44、【答案】E （Work with professionals）【解析】本段按照总分的形式安排，并且在首句给出两处关键词professionals 和 share with，即"支持专家的意见，并且与其分享个人的目标"。下文是举例论述，例如去找私人造型师而不是理发师等。紧接着下文就给出 "work with a professional photographer"让专业人士拍照片而不是自己的朋友或者是配偶。因此可以得出结论本段是围绕专业人士professionals 的重要性来展开的。故选择 Work with professionals.45、【答案】F （Make it efficient）【解析】该段落主题句出现在转折之后，即"Instead, use it as an opportunity to rece decision fatigue."，其中it指代上一句中style upgrade。通过前后两句话对比指出目的是利用style upgrade作为机会来rece decision fatigue（减少决定疲乏），从而来提高办事效率。后两句话作为论据进一步论证这一观点，因此答案选F选项。Section III Translation46、【题目考点】宾语从句，被动语态【句子结构】分号连接两个句子：第一个句子主干为we don't have to learn，how引导宾语从句作learn的宾语，其中how表示方式；第二个句子主干为it is built into us，其中代词it指代前句提及的mental health；in the same way表示方式，that引导定语从句，其中又嵌套了how引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语。【重点词汇】build sth. into sth.：使成为……的组成部分；heal：治愈；mend：修理，痊愈，愈合。【参考译文】我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。47、【题目考点】被动语态，并列结构【句子结构】分号连接两个句子：第一个句子为主谓结构的简单句；第二个句子为but连接的两个并列分句，表达转折关系，主干为it can be hidden, but it is capable of being restored，其中介词短语like the sun behind a cloud表示比喻。【重点词汇】temporarily：暂时地；hide：隐藏，藏匿；be capable of：能够；restore：复原，恢复；in an instant：立刻，立即。【参考译文】心理健康不会去往他方。如同乌云可能蔽日，心理健康可能会暂时隐藏于视线之外，但它完全可以在须臾之间复原如初。48、【题目考点】条件状语从句，并列结构，让步状语从句，介词短语【句子结构】本句主干为：mental health allows us to view others…，三个并列的介词短语with..表示伴随。其中分别嵌套了if引导的两个条件状语从句和no matter who引导的让步状语从句。【重点词汇】sympathy：同情；unconditional：无条件的，绝对的，无限制的。【参考译文】心理健康使我们在他人陷入危难之时给予同情，痛苦不已时给予善意，无论对谁，都能给予无条件的爱。49、【题目考点】让步状语从句，原因状语从句，宾语从句【句子结构】 句子主干是it is perfectly ordinary。it指代前文提及的mental health；although引导让步状语从句，其主干为mental health is the cure-all。as引导原因状语从句，其主干为you will see；that引导从句做see的宾语，其主干为it has been there to direct you【重点词汇】cure-all：合成名词，万灵药；perfectly：完全地，指程度；see：领会，理解。【参考译文】尽管心理健康是人们度过一生的一剂万能良药，但它又普通不已，因为当你需要做出艰难决定时，都可感受到它的存在。50、【题目考点】非限定性定语从句，动名词结构，宾语从句【句子结构】句子主干是knowing that…and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily。两个动名词结构knowing…并列作主句的主语，其中that引导的宾语从句作knowing的宾语。句首的as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，翻译时可以处理为"就像…，正如…"。【重点词汇】available：可获得的，可用的。【参考译文】就像你会渐渐明白，深悉心理健康一直触手可得并且值得信任，使我们能放慢生活脚步，活在当下，幸福生活。Section IV Writing51、【参考范文】NoticeFor better serving the international students, a notice is released here to provide the necessary information about the library.The university library opens at 8 a.m. and closes at 10 p.m. from Monday to Friday, but from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekends. If you need to borrow books, please follow the following steps. First, bring your student card and register first at the librarian's office. At most six books can be borrowed once from the library. You should keep in mind the days that you can keep the book(s) you borrow. Three months is the longest period. If you exceed the limited time, some fines should be paid.If you have any questions or suggestions about borrowing or returning books, telephone 010-8248119 or send an email to university@163.com. We sincerely hope you all enjoy the study and life in our university.University LibraryDecember 26, 201552、【参考范文】The above two pictures reveal two father's different teaching methods. In the first picture, the father is urging his son to study hard while he is smoking and watching TV idly. In the second picture, the father and his son are both concentrating on the study. The caption under the cartoon reads: "It is better to set an example than to make demands".Apparently, the author of the cartoon focuses on a fact that many parents when ecating their children tend to neglect the impact of their own acts upon their children. It is without any doubt that all parents hope that their children could have a bright future. Therefore, they tend to count on schools and the society to provide their kids with a good ecation. However, what they don't realize is that parents are the first teachers of children. Parents failing to set a role model for their children will only result in an unhealthy family atmosphere, which is definitely harmful to the future development of their children.From my perspective, ecation from parents is of vital importance to a child's healthy growth. Therefore, parents should provide their children with a favorable growing environment by being a positive role model. Only through persistent efforts and proper guidance can children enjoy a bright future.

距离今年考研只剩最十几天啦！21级的考研大战即将收官，22级的考生可以进场啦！为了给22级的考研鹅们开路，我们—— 首先，帮你锁定目标院校的考查科目，助你准确应考。 其次，帮你梳理全国高校的高频考点，把握出题趋势。 最后，作为初试题库，全面查漏补缺，让你处变不惊。01 第一招 锁定目标院校先来看一下，专业课真题的最基本操作——查找自己的目标院校，把学硕、专硕等4门相关科目全部挖出来，帮助你摸清目标院校的出题风格。再根据学校指定的参考书目，确定复习的重点。下面以中国人民大学为例：01 学硕首先，从科目一872新闻传播史论来看，中国人民大学新闻学院的学硕专业课真题题量并不大，但是考查范围却很广，包括新闻理论与新闻史、传媒经济、传播学研究方法、传播人物及经典理论等内容。其次，科目二610新闻传播实务的考查方向则更为明确，主要考查考生的新闻实务能力，包括消息改写、评论写作、报道策划、短视频报道思路等业务，以及评价新兴技术给社会带来的各种影响。872 新闻传播史论 610 新闻传播实务 02 专硕首先，从科目二新闻与传播专业基础440来看，分值分布与学硕的872新闻传播史论保持一致，考查方向也大同小异，但还关注了四全媒体、互联网发展与国家治理等热点话题。其次，从科目一新闻与传播专业综合能力334来看，对于新闻业务的考查分值反而只有50分，考查消息改写和标题制作、数据新闻策划、评论撰写这几类。而另外100分都是简答题，关注的是央视频、企业公关、广告品牌营销、传媒经营与管理等业界前沿内容。440 新闻与传播专业基础 334 新闻与传播专业综合能力▼22级的考研学子，你们有福了！裏我们搜集了70家高校的2020年专业课真题，不管你是报考北京的清华、北大，还是上海的复旦、交大，我们统统都有！快来看看，你的目标院校在哪里！02 第二招 把握出题趋势找到目标院校的专业课真题，这是基本操作。除此之外，专业课真题还可以为你带来更多的有价值的信息，让你稳操胜券。我统计了去年新传考研被考次数最高的30个考点，你敢不看？其中，舆论、研究方法、议程设置理论、传播学派、受众、人工智能、短视频、马克思主义新闻观、新媒体、算法新闻位列前十，考察频次均在20多次以上。受众考察频次传播学派考察频次议程设置考察频次研究方法考察频次舆论考察频次03 第三招 全面查漏补缺三大报纸的大选专题栏目都有选举结果、预测结果、实时新闻、参议院选举结果、众议院选举结果、实时票数跟进、民意调查以及各州的投票结果等内容。除了受人事变动的影响，考研招生工作也会定期改革。例如，今年的人大、中传、清华等顶尖院校都相继开始了招生改革，导致初试内容和考查方式大变样。这两点都给广大学子敲响了警钟——光盯着目标院校的往年真题是远远不够的！万一运气不好，碰上人事变动或者招生改革就惨了。俗话说的话，万变不离其宗。唯一的应对方法，就是查漏补缺，将全国高校的专业课真题一网打尽，看你还能变到哪里去！例如，你可以把全国高校专业课真题中一些较为少见的题型整理到一起，再将其各个击破。这样的话，即使碰到题型改革，你也能稳如泰山，岿然不动。