英语考研长难句分析

　在考研英语试卷中，长难句日益成为阅读3365656662理解中出现频率很高的考试重点。同时，它也是翻译题中常出现的考查难点。对于考生来说，长难句也是考卷中得分较难的一部分。所以，本文向2016正处于复习中的同学们，讲一讲考研英语长难句的结构解析技巧。　　英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可能为并列、包含与被包含、镶嵌等形式。因此分析长难句或者翻译长难句，首要解决的应该是弄清楚从句以及清楚从句之间的关系。英语经常出现的复合句包括：名词性从句，它又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;形容词性从句，即定语从句;另外还有状语从句。　　那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢?有以下几点最为基础的步骤需要考生们记住：1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构;2、找出句中所有从句的引导词及其所引导的谓语结构;3、找出句中所有的非谓语结构、介词短语;4、分析从句和短语的功能(例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等)以及词、短语和从句之间的关系;5、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。　　例：Of course, some regulation is inevitable and undoubtedly necessary, but a free and democratic society functions best when it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government.　句子拆分：　　拆分点参考：标点，并列连词，从属连词Of course,// some regulation is inevitable and undoubtedly necessary, //but a free and democratic society functions best //when it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government.参考译文：　　当然，某些规定是不可避免并且是必需的，但是只有当社会让民众通过自己的理智判断而非政府管制去解决道德难题时，一个自由民主的社会才能最大限地发挥其功能。

一 、约定俗成的表达这类句子就是我们所说的谚语，在英语中有很多这样的句子，例如：Faith will move mountains.(精诚所至金石为开)No pains, no gains.(一份耕耘，一分收获)Like father,like son.(虎父无犬女)考试中有很多这样的表达，对于这一类难句，同学注意在平时的积累。二、 虚假长难句As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked “anti-science” in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.第一眼看到这句话很长，但仔细看会发现里边有很多大写的专有名词，分别为书名，人名，地名，学校的名字等，这些在我们的英语试卷中常常出现，但并不重要，因为都是对于人物身份地位的介绍，我们只要弄清人物的观点态度就足够了。三、 真正的长难句这类句子才是我们考试中真正的敌人，例如2017年考研英语(一)翻译:His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional languages capabilities.我们都知道一个句子里有且只能有一个谓语动词，如果有多个谓语动词，一定有与之相连的从属连词，我们看这个句子里边的动词有 “should end” “may believe” “is” “do not need”, 从属连词有 “who” “that” “that”, 从属连词与其后面最近的谓语动词构成从句结构，所以who 与may believe, that 与is, that 与do not need, 构成从句结构，而should end 前没有从属连词，所以是句子真正的谓语动词，among后是整个句子的介词结构，所以句子的主干为His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness。所以当遇到一个长而复杂的句子时，以动词和从属连词为突破口，层层剖析，复杂的句子也就简单了。

去百度文库，查看完整内容>内容来自用户:二哈19921.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive认知的（后天习得的）Intuitive先天的和以上这组单词概念相同的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine决定Coupled with相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。主干识别：句子的主语是This success和later research；谓语是led;宾语是Ericsson;不定式短语to conclude做状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that…其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than结构翻译为与其说，不如说。微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比较长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success和动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。译文赏析：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects a

because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introce such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank casebecause引导了个强调句，强调句要把it was....that...去掉，如果句子还完整，就是强调句。所以版句子是这样的： the Federal Circuit itself introce such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case，主语：the Federal Circuit itself 谓语权：introce

　　考研阅读中,要是不会分析长难句,抓不出主干,那么阅读题干下的四个选项你就不一定做的对了!长难句不会分析,那么很容易造成混淆!而四个答案有些就是老师根据长难句为难点设置的陷阱,所以不懂长难句,阅读很严重! 　　欢迎!

推荐你用考试虫的《阅读基本功难句过关》它就是针对考研阅读的中的长难句设 计的，里面包括了各种句型以及拆分技巧，我去年考研用的就是这本书。你把每 个句型的前10个例句都看懂的话理解考研阅读没问题了

一、长难句训练题1、This trend began ring the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.2、Of course, some regulation is inevitable and undoubtedly necessary, but a free and democratic society functions best when it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government.3、Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can proce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.4、Additional social stress may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements--themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. 5、While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.二、长难句训练题解析1、解析： ring the Second World War介词短语作状语；when several governments came to the conclusion … foreseen in detail做定语修饰the Second World War; that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail定语从句修饰conclusion; that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment定语从句修饰demands.参考译文：这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。2、解析：Of course介词短语作状语；从属连词when 引导的从句it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government为状语修饰动词function。参考译文：当然，某些规定是不可避免并且是必需的，但是只有当社会让民众通过自己的理智判断而非政府管制去解决道德难题时，一个自由民主的社会才能最大限地发挥其功能。3、解析：句子的主干是Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism。which引导定语从句，修饰linguistic determinism。定语从句的谓语动词是states，两个that引导宾语从句，并列作为states的宾语。参考译文：沃尔夫进而相信类似某种语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。4、解析：句子主干是Additional social stress may also occur。because of 的后边接两个名词短语the population explosion和problems arising from mass migration movements--themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport来表示原因。其中，第二个名词短语又含有一个短语themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport来补充说明mass migration movements。因此，这里的代词themselves指代名词短语mass migration movements。“made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport”为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰themselves。参考译文：由于人口的猛增或大量的人口流动（现代交通工具使这种流通变得相对容易）造成的种种问题也回对社会造成新的压力。5、解析：while引导让步状语从句，其意思是“虽然”。不定代词one 指代名词短语definition of history。that引导定语从句，修饰one。参考译文：几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定，但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其做出解释。

语法差的话可以看一看。虽说考研不考语法，但是完型填空，长难句翻译都会涉及语法。尤其是长难句，语法差的话，拆分都困难。推荐新东方田静老师的语法课，专门针对考研的。b站应该有

考研英语长难句最好的资料就是真题！长难句有很多种，但是考研英语常考的就那几种：形式主语、倒装句、定语从句、名词性从句等。用真题对症下药，知道自己读不懂的长难句是哪一类才能更快进步！望采纳~