2014年英语考研真题

探秘2014年考研英语（一）新题型真题 ——化解排序题做题技巧万学教育 海文考研 考研教学与研究中心 邢君兰一、课堂预测成现实，备选新题型的稳定性。从 2005 年研究生入学考试英语部分增加了新题型，这部分考查填空式阅读，即常说的七选五（完型填句段）、小标题、排序、观点例证。其中七选五（完型填句段）出现 6 次，分别年份是：2005、2006、2008、2009、2012、2013年，即每次都是连续考察完型填句段，其他题型穿插中间。而2007年考查了小标题，2010、2011年考查了排序题。在万学海文强化班中，就和各位学员分享了这个规律，因此当时预测2014年有可能考察排序题型，在讲解了解题技巧的同时并建议大家认真备考。这也充分说明了这个备选题型的成熟性。 二、课堂内容正中新题型话题2014年新题型排序题和万学 海文钻石卡II阶段讲义中练习题目来源于同一篇文章，所以今年的排序题无论从话题角度、文章特点上，各位钻石卡学员都占优势，另外今年排序题目试题稳定，做题过程中有一定线索可以遵循。 三、排序题解题有技巧。 今年的新题型是一篇涉及社会科学类的文章。主要讲的是考古学研究的说明文。文章结构清晰，基本没有出现了超纲词,更有利于考生根据上下文及选项的特征推断出正确选项。 万学海文强化班课程中就和各位学员分享过解题步骤：1、抓首段---预测主题与框架结构。迅速得知文章的主旨大意以及关键词 ; 以做到心中有数，至少应该能知道可以供考生选择的选项的意思范围，并且在很短的时间里找到考生想找到的选项； a.如首段给出，重点精读首段； b.如首段未给出，先依据篇章结构特点或特征词首先确定出首段。 2、大致定位---文章框架+段落特征3、精确定位---三种关联4、把自己选择的选项带入原文，检测是否文章前后连贯，检测所选的选项是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合 。并且提供了以下解题技巧： A.“ 打包处理原则 ” 有明显衔接词的段落可以放在一起，例如on the one hand, on the other hand； B.“ 时间原则 ” 现时间、年代等词语时，要注意文章中的时间和选项中的时间的对应关系； C.“ 代词原则 ” 示代词，因为是指代前面的内容，所以一般不能作为段落的开头； D.“ 重复原则 ” 果一个选项中的单词与文章中的单词重复比较多或意思相近的比较多，那么这个选项往往就是正确答案； E.“ 排除原则 ” ：做题时，胆大心细，建议大家最好使用排除原则，由易到难地去解题。 要提升大家段落大意的概括和提炼能力。一段文章，总体上讲的是什么？怎么样用简单、简洁的语言把这一段文章的总体意思概括起来，这是段落标题类。在一个段落里面，我们如何把握总体上讲了什么东西，这是我们考生平常阅读里欠缺的一个能力。建议大家多多练习提炼段落大意的能力，可以尝试每次看完一个段落就用简短汉语或者英文把段落主旨写在段落旁边。

　　2014年考研英语考试阅读整体难度持续稳定　　我发现70%的考生认为今年考研英语整体的难度是稳中稍微有点偏容易的，有20%的考生认为很难，最后剩下10%的考生难度是适中的。通过这样简单的调查可以看出，这背后会有一个样本量的问题。今年的考试整体而言第一感觉，整体上从完形填空最后到作文，看完以后，最强烈的感觉，我们的难度非常稳定，考研英语的考试，在整体的15年的过程当中，一直都保持着。虽然说他每年在题型上，或者说在题目的这种设计上，或者在文章的选取上有一点点不同，整体而言已经是一个难度非常稳定的选拔性的考试。如果说大家感觉到这个题目做完了以后，感觉到这个题目是偏简单了一点，你可以问问自己，是哪个地方相对来说偏简单了，整体上从阅读的这四篇文章具体来看，我认为其中难度是非常非常稳定的，这是跟今天大家交代的第一件事情。为什么这么说？因为在考试之前，同学们肯定也曾经做过历年的真题，我们会发现这十年选取的这些文章，文章本身的难度而言，确实有的文章会复杂一点，看完一遍两遍之后，不知道他到底要说什么，而有的文章相比来说偏简单一些，把这个文章整体读完了以后好简单，迅速把握住了这篇文章的主线，发现整体这篇文章的主旨和态度到底在什么地方。　　题目选项另有玄机　　但是，如果说做完了后面的题目，再对完了答案之后，会惊讶的发现，难的文章，后面的题目说不定对的还比较多，这样一些简单的文章，你会发现后面的题目依旧是保持很难的规律，也许会说是不是因为读简单文章的时候，警觉性相对来说降低了，所以出来的分数是低的，不是这样的。这是通过对于近15年真题的每一道题目的难度系数的研究，你会发现每一篇文章的难度系数基本上是稳定的，考研命题专家基本上是控制在45%在55%之间，什么意思呢？就是如果每篇文章，我们按照一百分的满分来看，平均分值是会在45到55之间，文章本身你做完了以后的难易程度，跟后面的率不一定成一个正相关的关系。　　细节题占主体位置　　为什么这样？通过后面整个2014年考过的这20道题目来看，具体把这20道题目进行一个分类、归纳、整理，我们会发现70%的题目，都是涉及到文章当中的某一个具体的细节，比如说细节题在整体的考研阅读当中占据了一个举足轻重的地位。70%的题目是细节题，说明什么问题？说明把握住文章当中的一些具体信息的能力，是至关重要的，是重中之重的。换句话说，如果整个这篇文章，读下来，发现这篇文章并没有给它读的非常的明白和透彻，是否会影响到我们后面的解题？一定会在某种程度上影响，但是会不会带来一个致命性的影响？绝对不会，也就是说这70%的细节题，我们其实每一道题目都能够非常清楚地回到原文当中，借助原文当中的某一句话，或者是某两三句话就能得出正确答案的，说到这个地方，同学们就明白了，在我们整体的考研阅读当中，所需要具备的一个最重要的能力是什么？就是如何去看到题目之后，定准了位，并且找到那个我们真正应该找到的位置，在四个选项当中去找意思的原文最匹配的选项。

完～～6善～～9，这次研～～5究～～6，书山有路勤为径生～～2的～～7答～～8，学海无涯苦作舟。案～～0叩～～9对所学知识内容的兴趣可能成为学习动机。

选B更多追答你的是什么版本的，为什么选B追答是这个题目吗是的，屠浩明的是选D，追答那我表示很奇怪了！我们去年才考了这套试卷！表示海天 还是启航？的辅导机构！是不是搞错了！海天的追答那我表示不能理解了！现在辅导机构也很乱的！管你对错！但是说人家是给你分析了那就听吧！反正不会再考一样的题目了！学会做题方法就可以了不要计较答案，谢谢！

去百度文库，查看完整内容>内容来自用户:扭摆的青春2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语答案及解析1、文章总体分析文章主要探讨青少年犯罪的原因。一开始，文章从现有的理论出发，指出这些理论集中把个人或社会看作主要影响因素。接着文章又进一步谈到，现有理论只关注来自贫穷家庭的孩子，而忽视了来自富有家庭的孩子也犯罪这一事实。总之，这些理论都是不确定的，容易受到批评和攻击。从第三段开始，文章提出了新的见解：社会结构的变化可能间接地影响了青少年犯罪率。这其中包括经济结构和家庭结构的变化。除此之外，也有其他一些原因造成了青少年的犯罪行为。最后，文章就以上提到的众多原因作了一个总结：所有上述情形都有可能促使青少年犯罪，但它们与青少年犯罪是否存在直接的因果关系还没有确定。2、试题具体解析1. [A] acting (on)对……起作用[B]relying (on)依靠，指望[C]centering (on)以……为中心，围绕；集中于……[D]commenting (on)对……做出评论[答案] C[解析]本题考核的知识点是：平行句子结构+分词短语辨析。本题要求考生判断空格处应填入什么分词与on搭配，构成分词短语。从结构上看，文章第一段由三个平行结构的长句子构成，其主要结构为Many theories concerning…focus on；Theories1on the indivial suggest that；Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that例句补充：through知识点补充：注意区别6.[[C]首先，从结构上看，这个短语动词（他们最终到达了目的地）。[[D]16. [A] s

去百度文库，查看完整内容>内容来自用户:格格巫杭杭2013年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D ontheANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People are, on the whole,poor atconsidering background information when makingindivial decisions.At first glancethis might seem like a strength that1the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by2factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big3was leading decision-makers to be biased bythe daily samples of informationthey were working with.4, he theorised that a judge5of appearing too soft6crime might be more likely to send someone to prison7he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only toforced community serviceon that day.To8this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the9of an applicant should not depend on the few others10randomly for interview ring the same day,but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was11.He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews12by 31admissions officers.The interviewers had13applicants on a scale of one to five.This scale14numerous factorsinto consideration.The sc

我这里有14年英语一两篇阅读真题，你看看吧，或许对你有帮助Text 1 In order to “change lives for the better” and rece “dependency”, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introced the "upfront work search" scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the job centre with a CV, register for the online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit—and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed, “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously inlgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”—protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the job centre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it—supported by a state only too ready to inlge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever –tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance” is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance”, conditional on actively seeking a job: no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week ,one of the least generous in the EU. 21. George Osborne’s scheme was intended to [A] provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.[B] encourage jobseeker’ s active engagement in job seeking. [C] motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily. [D] guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefit. 22. The phase “to sign on”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means [A] to check on the availability of jobs at the job centre. [B] to accept the government’s restrictions on the government. [C] to register for an allowance from the government. [D] to attend a governmental job-training program. 23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme? [A] A desire to secure a better life for all. [B] An eagerness to protect the unemployed. [C] An urge to be generous to the claimants. [D] A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers. 24. According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel [A] uneasy. [B] enraged. [C] insulted. [D] guilty. 25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree? [A] The British welfare system inlges jobseekers’ laziness. [B] Osborne’s reform will rece the risk of unemployment. [C] The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs. [D] Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.Text 2All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal ecation. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states; a four-year undergraate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would rece costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow. 26. A lot of students take up law as their profession e to[A] the growing demand from clients[B] the increasing pressure of inflation[C] the prospect of working in big firms[D] the attraction of financial rewards27. Which of the following adds to the costs of legal ecation in most American states?[A] Higher tuition fees for undergraate studies [B] Receiving training by professional associations[C] Admissions approval from the bar association[D] Pursuing a bachelors degree in another major28. Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from[A] the rigid bodies governing the profession[B] lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance[C] the stern exam for would-be lawyers.[D] non-professionals’ sharp criticism29. The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because[A] prevents lawyers from gaining e profits.[B] bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.[C] aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.[D] keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.30. In the text, the author mainly discusses[A] the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.[B] a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.[C] the role undergraate studies in America’s legal ecation.[D] flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes.

近十年的考题都要认真研究。把所有不会的词汇弄懂，然后买一本考验英语作文记模板，多练习。基本上研究透了十年考题，考研英语就能顺利通过。

Text 4　　On a five to three vote,the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Aministration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.　　An arizona.United States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enfour federal immigrations law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to "establish a uniform Rule of Anturalization" and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.　　Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately "occupied the field " and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powers　　However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.　　Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.　　The 8-0 objection to President Obama tures on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued tha Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.　　Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.It could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.　　36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they　　[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.　　[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.　　[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.　　[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.　　37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?　　[A] Federal officers’ ty to withhold immigrants’information.　　[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.　　[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.　　[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.　　38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts　　[A] violated the Constitution.　　[B] undermined the states’ interests.　　[C] supported the federal statute.　　[D] stood in favor of the states.　　39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement　　[A] outweighs that held by the states.　　[B] is dependent on the states’ support.　　[C] is established by federal statutes.　　[D] rarely goes against state laws.　　40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?　　[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.　　[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.　　[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.　　[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.