2020考研英语试题一

2020年考研《英语一》新题型解析新题型该题型要求考生完全一致，主要考查从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备使用语法知识分析理解长难句的水平。新题型有三种备选题型，分别为：1）在一篇总长度为500-600词的文章中有5段空白，文章后有6-7段文字。要求考生根据文章内容从这6-7段文字中选择能分别放进文章5个空白处的5段。2）在一篇总长度为500-600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落（7-8个）重新排序，其中有2-3个段落在文章中的位置已给出。3）在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6-7段文字或6-7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或者举例。要求考生根据文章内容，从这6-7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。由大纲要求，不难得知，此题侧重解题方法和技巧的应用。表面上，不同的题型考查的重点不同，但仔细分析，它们的应对技巧完全相通。考生在平时应侧重通过有限的真题掌握题解题思路和技巧，尤其是完全对于考频较高的完形填句（段）题和排序题。而对于小标题选择题和观点例证题，仅了解常规的方法即可。考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提升自己在这个部分的应试水平。总体来说，2020年考研英语大纲并未给各位考生提出新挑战。鉴于时间的紧迫性，建议各位考生在考前，能够：1、结合自己复习实情，找出薄弱题型，重点应对；

2020年考研数学一，英语一和政治的试题及答案及评分标准，这些的参考答案，微博上面有的。

我和我舍友都用的是《考研真相》，内容真的超级详细，每年的真题都有详细的讲解，文章里每一句都有详细的讲解，单词还有句子都讲解得很透彻，基础薄弱用它真的没错了。

这个看你的基础和自律性，如果基础不错，可以自学，如果你英语一直不太好，四六级都没过，那对你来说还是有一定的困难的

考研英语一的难度系数一般在7级左右，希望能帮助到你，欢迎关注，交流讨论。

►英语满分及考试时间　　满分：100，考试时间：下午14：00-17：00，共180分　　●英语试卷结构分析　　1、Section1　　完型填空部分：20小题，每小题0、5分，共10分。就整个考研试卷来看，完形填空部分比较难得分，因为这部分考查的东西比较全面，涉及到词汇、时态语态、句型以及文段的上下衔接关系的判断等等方面。　　2、Section2　　(1)阅读理解：四篇，每篇5小题，一共20小题，共40份。这一部分比较难。因为文章都是出自英语国家的一些杂志，书刊等。该部分对词汇要求比较高。同时基于文化的差异，一些地道的语言，对于考生来说，不是那么好理解。这得需要一个长期积淀的过程。　　(2)新题型：整体来说这部分比较容易得分。只要搞清话题所涉及的内容，再根据行文思路，搞清上下文语义衔接关系，就不难推测出要选的选项。但需要注意的是，若是文章逻辑思路没搞清楚就做选项，很有可能满盘皆输。分值为10分。　　(3)翻译部分：英译汉整体来说，不难，差不多等同于六级水平。生词量也不大，所选文章一般都相对简单，只要考生多做英译汉对比翻译训练，这部分难度整体不大。考生应在平时练习时，就多注意积累一些专业名词的翻译、特定句型的翻译，以及结构复杂的的句子翻译。此题分值为10分。　　3、Section3　　写作部分：看图作文20分，应用文写作10，共30分。相比较，这部分人为因数较大，它不像客观的选项题，错就是错，对就是对。这部分也是考研英语唯一可以速成的部分，特别对于英语基础较为薄弱的考生来说，只要肯下功夫去背诵模板，去练习写，比较容易增分。　　●英语一与英语二的区别　　考研中英语一和英语二就像一对异卵双胞胎，表面上有很多形式上的不同，但是实际上从前期复习来看，两者并无差别。　　1、前期复习节奏相同　　英语一和英语二的考试内容都分为四个部分即：英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。尽管难易程度不同，但是至少从三月份到暑假结束前，两者的复习节奏和内容是一样的。　　无论是单词、长难句还是阅读理解，英语一和英语二的同学都可以同时复习，甚至通用一本辅导书。拿阅读理解试题来说，英语二的同学可以做英语一的试题，因为英语二的阅读理解相对容易，如果你前期就练习了较难的英语一试题的话，那么后期再做英语二就会轻松很多。因此两者前期复习并不冲突。　　2、阅读VS新题型　　说了相同的复习方法，再看看它们在内容上的不同之处。很多人说英语二比英语一简单主要是体现在阅读理解当中。英语二的文章比英语一的稍微简单点，主要是选项要比英语一的简单一些，但从文中的生词量来讲两者是差不多的;其次新题型也是一大不同，英语一的新题型主要是七选五，选小标题和排序，英语二是选小标题，正误判断和多项对应，两者难易程度差别不大。　　3、作文VS翻译　　作文和翻译是有较大差异的，英语一的两篇作文，小作文是以写信为主，大作文以图画(议论文)为主;英语二的大作文是以图表为主，因此在备考中两者的作文句型会有很大差异。其次是翻译，英语一是一篇文章中选出五句话来分别翻译，而英语二是全篇翻译，虽然是全篇翻译，但是文章中的句子普遍简单，是考生们的普遍拿分题型。　　需要提醒大家的是，不论你选择的是英语一还是英语二，英语作为考研的一个高门槛，一定要认真复习，针对不同题型整理备考策略，做到稳中求胜。其次要不断的做试题，前期英语二可以做英语一的试题。后期针对个人情况进行有计划的复习，通过不断地积累，才能让自己在考研中脱颖而出。加群交流群内答疑更及时点击入群关注有礼关注提问专人解答点击关注线上学习免费公开课等你来点击听课在线题库各类考试模拟练习点击做题查看更多官方电话官方服务官方网站

考研英语的考题类型与高考和四六级英语考试的题型有着很大的差别。其中主要的差别在于，考研英语已经不再重视对语法的考察，而是重点考察对句子以及文章的理解和推理，并且没有听力部分的考察。因此，考研英语成绩和四六级成绩的联系并不大，甚至很多没过四级的学子，考研英语成绩都可以达到70分以上。

考研英语词汇是基础，一定要高度重视，特别要舍得下功夫，绝对不能投机取巧，一定不要相信，在短短的一半年的时间里，对词汇量不够大，基础不牢靠的人来说，不专门攻克词汇，而只是靠阅读就能奏效的。除非这个人考研英语基础太牛了。对从小就喜欢英语，基础扎实的一些人来说，研究研究真题肯定是可以的。但对一般看书来说必须认认真真，老老实实把考研英语词汇好好过一遍，才是硬道理。看红宝书考研英语词汇感觉很不错，考研英语单词书，99%研友推荐这1本！红宝书考研英语词汇编排科学、合理，而且很人性化，性价比超好。（本书同时适用与考研英语一和考研英语二）而且，【 红宝书】考研英语词汇《必考词+基础词+超纲词》，里面直接把单词按重要程度划分成必考词、基础词、超纲词） 对绝大多数考生来说，要全面系统地掌握考研英语词汇并非易事，如何快速、有效地帮助考生攻克考研英语词汇是我们一直以来思考的问题;历经十余年的努力，在深入研究考研英语真题的命题思路和词汇考查特点、不断探索思维的认知偏好和记忆规律的基础上，我们编辑出版了《红宝书·考研英语词汇(必考词+基础词+超纲词)》，本书深受考生喜爱，市场占有率极高，并引领着考研英语词汇的潮流和发展方向。 《红宝书·考研英语词汇(必考词+基础词+超纲词)》由《大词汇》、《精缩版》、《串记手册》、《连线自测本》、《练习题册》、《MP3》录音及《红宝书APP》组成，这几种资料具有高度的内在统一性和互补性，每种资料都有其显著功效和鲜明的特点。1、《大词汇》全面覆盖了考研英语大纲词汇的知识点——从音标、词性、词义、词组、例句、辨析、派生、真题例句、典型考题等多个方面对考研英语词汇进行了详细阐释，并对历年真题超纲词汇进行了系统归类和释义；2.《精缩版》是对《大词汇》的精练——只给出了大纲词汇的音标、词性和词义，重点突出和强化了词汇的“助记”部分，把考生复习的核心聚焦在了对单个词汇的记忆上；3.《串记手册》则像一根美丽神奇的记忆丝线，把颗颗散落的词汇明珠牢牢地串在了一起——用夹杂着英文单词的中文联想句把考研大纲词汇有机地联系了起来，把孤立、分散、风马牛不相及的、看似毫无关联的大纲词汇，巧妙地组织在一个个特定的语言环境里，从而达到有效回顾、快速记忆考研词汇的目的；4.《连线自测本》是最简单、有效地帮助考生自测单词记忆效果，回想词义的有效手段。5.《练习题册》则是对考生词汇学习效果的检测，是对词汇运用能力的一次检验和提升；此外，还由外籍语音专家和中文播音员，为本书“必考词”、“基础词”和“超纲词”录制了MP3音频资料。6.《红宝书APP》是对纸质书籍学习功能的全新拓展，极大地方便了考生全方位学习记忆考研英语词汇的需要。《红宝书·考研英语词汇（必考词+基础词+超纲词）》内容之全远非同类书籍可比，能够全面满足考生的备考需要，是考研单词识记的最佳选择。

对，是一样的，全国统一的第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child__________ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever答案是B。21.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________ the desert.A.covering B.coverod C.cover D.to cover解析：A,野花像地毯一样覆盖着沙漠，非谓语动词cover是主动的，故选A作定语。22.In___________ review of 44 studies,American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of___________heart disease by 76%.A.a, the B.the;a C.a;不填 D.不填;a解析：C, 一份44个研究课题组成的调查显示，故第一空选冠词a（此题还可以参考本试题阅读理解B篇的一句话(见下文) Reading at Risk A Survey of Lilerary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading’s role in the nation’s culture. 第二空 heart disease(心脏病)习惯上不用惯词。23.A man cannot smile like a child,_________a child smiles with is eyes,while a man smiles with his lips alone.A.so B.but C.and D.for解析：D,for因为24.I was giving a talk to a targe group of people,the same talk I __________to half a dozen other groups.A.was giving B.am giving C.had given D.have given解析：C, 根据语境可知had given的动作发生在was giving之前25.Fred,who had expected how it would go with his daughter,had a great worry________his mind.A.on B.in C.with D.at解析：A,on one’s mind为固定短语，意思为“使担忧”，in one’s mind 记住，挂在心上26.As the busiest woman in Norton,she made_________her ty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town..A.this B.that C.one D.it解析：D，作形式宾语27.________achievement,last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here camed a low,though not failing ,grade.A.In terms of B.In case of B.As a result of D.In face of解析：A,“就什么而言”,翻译：“就成就而言，上周的WTO部长级会议虽然没有失败，但是收效甚微。”28.If you think that treating a woman well means always_______her permission for things,think again.A.gets B.got C.to get D.gutting解析：D, mean doing意味着，mean to do打算做29.Although she did not know Boston well,she made her way________ to the Home Cirele Building.A.easy enough B.enough easy C.easily enough D.enough easily解析：C,enough修饰形容词，副词需要后置， 副词easily修饰动词made. 此题要克服思维定势，不要看成了“make+宾语+形容词+不定式”的结构了，此处的to为介词，make one’s way to 前往。 区别：The professor spoke slowly to make his words easy enough to understand.30.We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us.________we gave ome bells and glasses.A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which解析：B，give sth. to sb.31.I had just stepred out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_________I heard the steps.A.while B.when C.since D.after解析：B,此处为连词，意思是“正在这时，（突然）”。请参考高一人教版教材Unit1的一句话：One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.32.Some aspeets of a pilot’s job__________be boring,and prilots often____________work at inconvenient hours.A.can;have to B.may;can C.have to;may D.ought to;must解析：A,can可能，表推测。have to 不得不（客观）33. As the twentieth century came to a close ,the raw materials for a great nstional literature were at hand,waiting___________.A.to use B.to be used C.to have used D.to be using解析：B,主语为the raw materials（原材料），与动词use存在被动关系，故选B 34.With his work completed,the businessman stepped back to his seat,feeling pleased________be was a man of action.A.which B.that C.what D.whether解析：B,宾语从句，从句成分完整，故选that，无词义，不作成分。35.In a room above the store,where a party__________,some workers were busily seeting the table.A.was to be held B.has been held C.will be held D.is being held解析：A,根据题干动词were可知为过去时第二节 完型填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I returned to Abujs,the capital of Nigerin,after college gradvation.I had been there before my mother became a minister.Two weeks Inter.I told my mother I was bored.She said.“Here’re the car keys.Go and buy some fruit.” 36 ,I jurnped into the car and speeded off.Seeing me or rather my 37 ,a boy sprang up(跳起来). 38 to sell his banan is and peanuts.“Banana 300 naira.Peanut 200 naira!”Looking at his black-striped bananas,I 39 to 200 total for the fruit and nuts.He 40 .I handed him a 500 naira note.He didn’t have 41 .So I told him not to worry.He was 42 and smiled a row of petfect teeth.When.two weeks later.I 43 this same boy.I was more aware of my position in Nigerian soeicty.I should 44 this country as the son of a 45 .But it was hard to find pleasure in a place where it was so 46 to see a little boy who should have been in school selling frust. “What’s up?”I asked.He answered in 47 English,“I…I no get money to buy book.”I took out two 500 naira notes.He looked around 48 before sticking his hand into the car 49 the bills.One thousand naira means a lot to a farnily that 50 only 50,000 cach year. The next morning,security officers told me,“In this place,when you give a little,people think you’re a fountain of opportunity(机会).” 51 it’s right,but this happens everywhere in the world.I wondered if my little friend had actually used the money for 52 . After six months’work in northern Nigeria,I returned and saw him again standing on the road.“Are you in school now?”He nodded.A silence fell as we looked at each other,then I 53 what he wanted.I held out a 500 naira note.“Take this.”He shook his head fiercely and stepped back 54 hurt.“It’s a gift.”I said. Shaking his head again,he handed me a basket of bananas and peanuts,“I’ve been waiting to 55 these to you.”36.A.Encouraged B.Disappointed C.Delighted D.Confused解析：C,根据后文I jurnped into the car and speeded off.可知作者十分高兴37.A.car B.mother C.drivet D.keys解析：A，当地很穷，小孩子看到我的车了，知道我有些钱，可以买他的水果，他十分高兴38.A.willing B.afraid C.eager D.ashamed解析：C,小孩肯定是怀着急切的想把水果卖出去的心情，eager为最佳选项39.A.got down B.bargained down C.put down D.look down解析：B,bargain 讨价还价40.A.explained B.promised C.agreed D.admitted解析：agree同意41.A.change B.notes C.checks D.bills解析：A，名词意思是“零钱，找零”42.A.troubled B.regretful C.comfortable D.grateful解析：D,我买了小孩的水果，把零钱给他，他十分感激43.A.ran after B.ran into C.ran over D.ran to解析：B,碰巧遇上44.A.proteet B.enjoy C.help D.support解析：B，从语法，词法上来看都可以，但根据下文find pleasure可知enjoy “使愉快，使过得舒服”为最佳选项45.A.minister B.headmaster C.manager D.president解析：A，见文章开头46.A.lucky B.amazing C.funny D.common解析：D,当地很穷，本该上学的孩子去卖水果的现象是很common常见的47.A.old B.broken C.traditional D.modern解析：B，根据下文I…I no get money to buy book可知小孩的英语很差48.A.proudly B.madly C.curiously D.nervously解析：D,1000块钱已经很多拉，小孩子当然很紧张49.A.for B.with C.at D.upon解析：A，拿，取50.A.spends B.pays C.makes D.affords解析：C,make money 赚钱51.A.Possibly B.Actually C.Certainly D.Fortunately解析：A，可能52.A.joys B.nuts C.books D.bananas 解析：C,我给小孩钱是要他去上学的，所以当然是买书53.A.asked B.unagined C.reminded D.realized解析：D,意识到54.A.when B.as if C.even if D.after解析：B，好象55.A.send B.provide C.sell D.give解析：D,give给。 send派```去，寄送第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AA NATIONWIDE BESTSELLERIt’s likely that everything you learned about.America’s ancient history is wrong.The new book,1491,completely changes our understanding of the Amerieas before the arrival of Columbus in 1492.DID YOU KNOW?When Columbus landed there were probably more people in the Americas than there were in Europe.The peoples of North America had such healthy life-styles that as late as the 19th century they continued to be the tallest people on earth.Facts have shown that the Amenicas were populated as long as 33,000 years ago.4,000 years ago Mesoamerican famers developed com in a feat (技艺) of genetie engineering that still isn’t completely understood.COMMENTS ON 1491“In the tradition of Jared Diamond & John MePhee,a totally new view of precolunhian America”.－Richard Rhodes“Attrnctively written and really absorbing Charles C.Mann has proced a book that’s part detective story,part cpie(史诗) and part tragedy(不幸).He has taken on a vast topic:thousands of years,two huge continents,and cultures.”－Charles Matthews,San Jese Mercary News“Powerful and challenging”－Alan Taylor,Washingto post“A pleasure to read as well as a wonderful ecation”－Howard Zinn56.On the whole,1491 is a book mainly about America’s________.A.life-styles B.population C.history D.agrieulture解析：C,由首段可知57.Which of the following as NOT TRUE about the comments on the book 1491?A. It is interesting and instructive.B. It is attractive and culturally related.C. It is challenging and revolutionary.D. It is hurnorous and persuasive解析：D,无依据，无中生有.58.From this passage,we can learn_________.A.people settled in the Amencas a little carlier than 1942B.North Americans were the tallest in the 18th cenntry in the worldC.Mesoamencan farmers knew genclic engineering 5,000 years agoD.the population in the Americas was smaller than that in Europe in 1492解析：B由The peoples of North America had such healthy life-styles that as late as the 19th century they continued to be the tallest people on earth.这句可知。A,C,D均与文章矛盾。 BFor the first time in modern history,less than half of the U.S.alt population now reads literature,according to a recent survey.Reading at Risk A Survey of Lilerary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading’s role in the nation’s culture.Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion in alt literary reading.The data souree for Reading at Risk is as reliable and objective(客观的)as any such survey can be.The key results of the survey are presented in the “Surnmary”,but the report can be further exploined as:literary teading in America is not only declining rapidly among all groups,but the rate of decling has been speeded up,especially among the young.Rcading at Risk merely shows a great cultural change that most Americans have already noted－our society’s great turn to clectronic media for entertainment and information.Reading a book requires a degree of active attention and devotion.Indced,reading itself is a progressive skillo that depends on years of ccation nand practice.On the contrary,most electronic media such as television,recordings,and radio make fewer demands on their audiences,and indced require no more than passive participation.While oral culture has a rich reality and electronic media offer the commdenbic atteation of variety.print culture affords irreplaceable forms of focused and thought than make varicen communications and views possible.The deline in reading.thenfore ,equals a larger retreat(减少)from participation in public and culutural life. What is to be done?There is surely no single solution to the pretent problem.just as there is no single cause .The important thing now is to underwand that America can no longer take active and devoted reading for granted. Reading is not a timeless,common ability.As more Americans love thus ability .out nation becomes less informed,active ,and independent minded .There are not speakeras that a free, inventive,or proctive society can afford to love.59.The main purpose of the survey is to _______. A.focus on the role of electronic media ang reading B.show that American young people read less and less C.give a report of the national of literary reading D.review that less that half of the population now reads litersture 解析：D,根据a detailed review of the decline of reading’s role in the nation’s culture可知。60.According to the passage ,reading _______. A.requires less attention and devotion B.demsnds no more than passive participation C.limits various communications and views D.means active participation in pubnlic and cultural life 解析：D,根据The deline in reading.thenfore ,equals a larger retreat(减少)from participation in public and culutural life可知。61.The underlined phrase “cultural chang”in Paragraph 2 refers to the change _______. A.from oral culture to electronic media B.from print culture to electronic to electronic media C.from electronic media to oral D.from electr onic media to print culture 解析：B,根据our society’s great turn to clectronic media for entertainment and information.可知62.The author of the passage ________.A.misunderstands oral culture B.doubts the Americans to read more C.encourages the Americans to read more D.agrees to the solution to present problem in reading解析：C根据最后一段可得出结论CThe coyote(丛林狼).that elever animal of wide-open space .has come to the nation’s captial.In fact ,coyotes have spread to every comer of the United States,changing their behaviors to fit new envioronments and causing researchers to deal with a troublesome new kind of creature:the city coyote.The coyote originally lived in the middle of the continent.One of its most obvious characters is its smartness, which has made the animal a notorious（臭名昭著的） pest.Hunters trapped,shot and poisoned more than a million coyotes in the 1900s.It’s still one of America’s mosthunted animals. Yet the coyote has survived.How has the coyote shown this extraordinary ability?”I guess if you wanted to use one word,it’d be ‘plasticity’.”says Erie Gese,an expert at Utah State University. Coyotes can live alon, in pairs, or in large packs like wolves,hunt at night or ring the day , occupy a small region or an area up to 40 square miles,and live on all sorts of food,from lizards（蜥蜴）and shoes, to ants and melons. Unbelicvadly people helpcd coyotes increase when they kiltcd most of the wolves in the United States. The sprcdding of coyotes into city areas,though.is rccent.They travel at night,crossing sidcwalks and bridges.running atong roads and cking into cuinerts (钻入 洞and underpasscs .No one knows why coyotes are maving into cities.but expertsexplaih that clevcter,more human-tolerant(不怕人的)coyotes are teaching urban survivalskills to new generations.Occasionally.coyotes mighe attack human beings.There have been about 160 attacks on peoplc in reccnt years Therefore,people have been consistently told not feed coyotes or leave pet food unseeurcd.That ,plus a large trapping program in the neighborhood.has cur down on the coyote population.63.The underlinged word “plasticity”in Paragraph 2refers to____________.A.the ability to fit the environment B.notonous smartnessC.hunting ability D.being human-tolerant 解析：A, plasticity “适应性”64.The aim of the passage is to_____________.A.tell pcople how to fight against coyotesB.tell us why the coyote is the most hunted animalC.supply the reason why the coyote is a kind of motorious pestD.explain how the coyote has spread to and survived in cities 解析：D,根据首段可知65.According to the passage,coyote__________.A.originally lived in the west of the continentB.sleep ng the day but look for food at nightC.are teaching survival skills to therr younger generationsD.Suffered a population deerease because pcople killed wolves 解析：C,根据human-tolerant(不怕人的)coyotes are teaching urban survivalskills to new generations.可知。A,B,D或与文章矛盾，或没有依据66.According to the passage,to cut dowa on the coyolc population.people are advised to_______.A.leave pet food secured B.keep coyotes in small regionsC.foree coyotes to live alone D.avond using trapping programs 解析：A,根据文章not feed coyotes or leave pet food unsecured可知，只是A答案把文章的双重否定 not,unsecured变成了肯定,注意不要思维定势。