操作系统的作用-【中公计算机考研原创】

>以下是法学考研为大家整理的“2019考研英语国家线？:部分专业上涨可能性大”的相关内容，希望对考研的同学有所帮助，一起来看看吧!报考学科门类（专业）2018201

DigitalmediaOpinionTheGuardianviewondigitalgiants:theyfarmusforthedataEditorialWeareneitherthecustomersnoreventheproctofcompanieslikeGoogle,butweturnourlivesintotheknowledgethattheysellAnastonishingprojectisunderwaytobuilda“digitaltimemachine”thatwillshowusinfinedetailthelivesofordinaryVenetiansacrossathousandyearsofhistory.Itismadepossiblebythepersistenceoftherepublic’sbureaucracy,which,whenNapoleonextinguishedtheRepublicofVenicein1797,leftbehind80kmofshelvingfullofrecordsofbirths,deaths,trades,building,landownership,privateletters,ambassadors’reportsandevenmedicalinformation.Allthisisnowtobedigitised,cross-referenced,andanalysed,andallitssecretslaidbaretoprovideapictureinunprecedentedrichnessanddetailofthelivesofindivialsandthedevelopmentofsocietyovermanycenturies.Obviously,thisiswonderfulforhistoriansandindeedanybodywithanimaginationalivetoday.Onewonders,though,whattheVenetianswouldhavemadeofit,hadtheyknowntheirlivesandletterswouldbesocarefullyanatomisedaftertheirdeaths.Farmoreisknownaboutusnow,though,andinrealtime.ThedataintheVenetianarchiveswasunmatchedinmedievalandevenearlymodernEurope,butitisonlylegendandscrapsofhearsaycomparedtotheknowledgeofusaccumulatedbythegiantsofthedigitaleconomy–Google,Facebook,andAmazon–whoallinvariouswaysusethedataharvestedfromtheiruserstomakebillionsofdollars,fromadvertisingorfromdirectselling,orfromsomecombinationofboth.Theirknowledgeofourintimatelivesdoesn’twaittwocenturiesormoreuntilwe’redead.Theygetitlive,inrealtime.Sometimestheyknowourmindsbeforeweknowthemourselves.It’sasituationquiteunprecedentedinhistory.TheEuropeancommissionmaybeabouttolevythebiggestfineinitshistoryonGoogleforanti-competitivebehaviour–potentiallymorethan€1bn.Thiscase,fiveyearsinthemaking,isthelatest,andperhapsthelargest,battleinthestruggletoestablishdemocraticcontroloverthegiantsofthedigitaleconomy.IntheUS,thegovernmenthasbeencapturedbythecorporations,andinChinauniversalsurveillanceisopenlyconvertedtoameansofgovernmentcontrol.OnlytheEUattemptstobalancethesepowerstothebenefitoftheordinarycitizen.Thepowerandambitionofthesecompaniesisastonishing–AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesn’thaveanyphysicalproctatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedtraceryofitsusers’friendshipsandsociallives.FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMay’senemiesarecurrentlyplotting?ItmaybethatthevaluetoAmazonofWholeFoodsisnotsomuchthe460shopsitowns,orthedistributionnetwork,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower.Butitisclumsy.Foronething,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithinthedigitaleconomy.Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower.Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem,too.Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdon’tpayforthem.Theusersoftheirservicesarenottheircustomers.Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem–andFacebookandGoogleoperateavirtualopolyindigitaladvertisingtothedetrimentofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.Theproctthey’resellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodataforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants.Justassomeantsfarmaphidsforthehoneydewthatoozesfromthemwhentheyfeed,soGooglefarmsusforthedatathatourdigitallivesexude.Antskeeppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheiraphidsfeed;Gmailkeepsthespammersoutofourinboxes.Itdoesn’tfeellikeahumanordemocraticrelationship,evenifbothsidesbenefit.•Thisarticlewasamendedon19June2017toremoveareferencetoApplewhichwasnotapt.https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/18/the-guardian-view-on-digital-giants-they-farm-us-for-the-data

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2021考研英语二大作文：柱状图，某事居民健身偏好的变化PartB52.Directions：Writeanessaybasedonchartbelow.Inyourwriting

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内容分布及试题分析：从整体命题情况来看，今年的思修命题沿用了去年的“2+2+1”模式，题号也未发生变化，即13、14两道单选题，30、31两道多选题，及分析题37题。从命题范