2017考研《英语(一)》冲刺模拟试题及答案解析(一)

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>&

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>>>2017年考研时间、研究生考试时间安排>>>2017年考

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>

一、单选题1.“心理学的第一大势力”是指()A.精神分析B.行为主义C.认知D.人本主义2.詹姆士是()心理学派的创始人A.构造主义B.行为主义C.格式塔

相关推荐：>>>2017年全国硕士研究生报名指导专题>>>2017年考研报名时间、考研报名入口专题>>>全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总>>>2017年考研时间、研究生考试时间安排>>>2017年考研大纲下载及解析汇总>>>2017年全国硕士研究生招生简章专题新东方网校推荐：2017年考研政治、英语、数学课程！！点击进入免费试听>>SectionIStructureandVocabularyDirections:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET(20points)1.Asscheled,thecommunicationssatellitewentinto________roundtheearth.[A]circle[B]orbit[C]path[D]course2.Idon’twanttolendanymoremoneytohim;he’salreadyindebt________me.[A]to[B]for[C]of[D]with3.________tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.[A]Hardlyhadhebegun[B]Nosoonerhadhebegun[C]Notuntilhebegan[D]Scarcelydidhebegin4.JeanWagner’smostenringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit____inareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.[A]istobeanalyzed[B]hasbeenanalyzed[C]beanalyzed[D]shouldhavebeenanalyzed5.Humble____itmaybe,there’snoplacelikehome,wherehemaygo.[A]although[B]as[C]how[D]which6.Althoughhethoughthewashelpinguspreparethedinner,hewasactually________theway.[A]in[B]by[C]off[D]on7.Althoughthefalsebanknotesfooledmanypeople,theydidnotcloseexamination.[A]putup[B]keepup[C]standupto[D]lookupto8.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely________totheoutsideworld.[A]beinglost[B]havinglost[C]losing[D]lost9.Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofas________inashortperiodoftime.[A]beingcreated[B]tohavebeencreated[C]havingbeencreated[D]tobecreated10.Thestudentsexpectedthere________morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexam.[A]is[B]being[C]havebeen[D]tobe11.Thepatienthasbeen________ofthesafetyoftheoperation.[A]assured[B]guaranteed[C]entrusted[D]confirmed12.Willyou________thispassagetoseeifthereisanymisprint?[A]lookup[B]goover[C]dwellon[D]workout13.ThealbumisasitwastheonlyoneeversignedbythePresident.[A]unusual[B]unique[C]rare[D]singular14.Prof.Wardhardlyeverwenttothetheater.[A]neitherthecinemanor[B]neitherthecinemaor[C]eitherthecinemaor[D]eitherthecinemanor15.Thebankisreported________inthelocalnewspaperinbroaddaylightyesterday.[A]toberobbed[B]robbed[C]tohavebeenrobbed[D]havingbeenrobbed16.Talktoanyoneinthedruginstry,you’llsoondiscoverthatthescienceofgeneticsisthebiggestthingtohitdrugresearchsincepenicillinwasdiscovered.[A]or[B]so[C]for[D]and17.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he________ourchairmannow.[A]musthavebeen[B]wouldhavebeen[C]were[D]wouldbe18.Stressfulenvironmentsleadtounhealthybehaviorssuchaspooreatinghabits,which________increasetheriskofheartdisease.[A]inturn[B]inreturn[C]bychance[D]byturns19.Thetouristispreventedfromenteringacountryifhedoesnothave________passport.[A]anoperative[B]avalid[C]anefficient[D]aneffective20.Theprojectrequiresmorelaborthan________.[A]hasbeenputin[B]havebeenputin[C]beingputin[D]tobeputinSectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassicaland21worlds,whileringthefifteenthcenturytheterm“reading”22meantreadingaloud.Onlyringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.­Oneshouldbewary,however,of23thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisa(n)24toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe25developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostaltreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin26.Thelastcenturysawasteadygraalincreasein27,andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreased,thenumberofpotentiallisteners28,andthustherewassome29intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommon,socametheflourishingofreadingasa30activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibraries,railwaycarriagesandoffices,wherereadingaloudwould31distractiontootherreaders.Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill32argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated33,andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway34weakening.Indeedthisargumentremainswithusstillinecation.35,itsvirtues,theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas36bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora37readershipontheother.Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate,38notimpossible,fortheoralreader.Thesocial,cultural,andtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly39whattheterm“reading”40.21.[A]contemporary[B]modern[C]medieval[D]western22.[A]undoubtedly[B]really[C]absolutely[D]accordingly23.[A]imagining[B]consuming[C]resuming[D]assuming24.[A]interruption[B]distraction[C]bother[D]pressure25.[A]historical[B]historic[C]history[D]historian26.[A]quality[B]character[C]personality[D]distinctiveness27.[A]literate[B]illiterate[C]literacy[D]literature28.[A]receded[B]declined[C]increased[D]expanded29.[A]limitation[B]necessity[C]rection[D]shrink30.[A]private[B]overt[C]public[D]secret31.[A]cause[B]effect[C]proce[D]realize32.[A]considerable[B]considerate[C]moderate[D]immoderate33.[A]respectively[B]honorably[C]respectfully[D]relatively34.[A]largely[B]intelligently[C]mentally[D]physically35.[A]However[B]Whatever[C]Whichever[D]Wherever36.[A]replaced[B]taken[C]followed[D]distinguished37.[A]specific[B]special[C]specified[D]specialized38.[A]and[B]if[C]but[D]or39.[A]translated[B]differed[C]shifted[D]altered40.[A]inferred[B]advised[C]inced[D]impliedSectionIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestionfouranswersaregiven.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theentrepreneur,accordingtoFrencheconomistJ.B.Say,“isapersonwhoshiftseconomicresourcesoutofanareaoflowerandintoanareaofhigherproctivityandyield.”ButSay’sdefinitiondoesnottelluswhothisentrepreneuris.Somedefinetheentrepreneursimplyasonewhostartshisorherownnewandsmallbusiness.Forourpurposes,wewilldefinetheentrepreneurasapersonwhotakesthenecessaryriskstoorganizeandmanageabusinessandreceivesthefinancialprofitsandnonmonetaryrewards.Themanwhoopensasmallpizzarestaurantisinbusiness,butisheanentrepreneur?Hetookariskanddidsomething,butdidheshiftresourcesorstartthebusiness?Iftheanswerisyes,thenheisconsideredanentrepreneur.RayKrocisanexampleofanentrepreneurbecausehefoundedandestablishedMcDonald’s.Hishamburgerswerenotanewidea,butheappliednewtechniques,resourceallocations,andorganizationalmethodsinhisventure.RayKrocupgradedtheproctivityandyieldfromtheresourcesappliedtocreatehisfast-foodchain.Thisiswhatentrepreneursdo;thisiswhatentrepreneurshipmeans.Manyofthesharp,black-and-whitecontrastsbetweentheentrepreneurandtheprofessionalhavefadedtograycolor.Formerly,professionalssuchasdoctors,lawyers,dentists,andaccountantswerenotsupposedtobeentrepreneurial,aggressive,ormarketoriented.Theywere“above”themarket-drivenworld.Entrepreneurs,ontheotherhand,werethemavericksofsociety.Theywererisk-takerswhoaggressivelysoughttomakesomethinghappen.Longhourswereaboutallthetwoworldshadincommon.However,increasedcompetition,saturatedmarkets,andamoreprice-consciouspublichavechangedtheworldoftheprofessionals.Todaytheyneedtomarkettheirskills,talents,andcompetencies.Lawyersadvertisetheirservices.Doctorsspecializeinoneformofsurgery.Accountingfirmsjoinwithotherbusinesses(e.g.,consultingandlaw)toserveclients.Entrepreneursexhibitmanydifferentbehaviors;searchingforaspecificpersonalitypatternisverydifficult.Someentrepreneursarequiet,introverted,andanalytical.Ontheotherhand,somearebrash,extroverted,andveryemotional.Manyofthemsharesomequalities.Viewingchangeasthenorm,entrepreneursusuallysearchforit,respondtoit,andtreatitasanopportunity.AnentrepreneursuchasRayKrocofMcDonald’sisabletotakeresourcesandshiftthemtomeetaneed.Makingthedecisiontoshiftresourcesworksbetterifapersoniscreative,experienced,andconfident.41.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whocanberegardedasanentrepreneur?[A]TheCEOofabigcompany.[B]Theownerofaprofitablerestaurant.[C]Amanwhostartedanewkindofbusiness.[D]Asuccessfulsalesman.42.Accordingtothetext,theprofessionals.[A]arequitedifferentfromentrepreneursevennow[B]wereconsideredtobeenterprisingandmarket-centered[C]wereprice-conscious[D]havetoadvertisethemselvesinnowadays43.Fromthetext,welearnthat.[A]anentrepreneurshouldbeveryextroverted[B]anentrepreneurshouldbequicktoseizeopportunities[C]changeisnotnorminanentrepreneur’seyes[D]theFrencheconomistJ.B.Sayisthefirstpersonwhogavethedefinitionof“entrepreneur”44.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassageisto.[A]completethedefinitionofentrepreneur[B]tellthereaderswhatisentrepreneurandthemaincharacteristicsofentrepreneurs[C]showwhatkindofpeoplecanbecomeentrepreneurs[D]illustratewhyRayKroccanbecomeanentrepreneur45.Whatwillmostpossiblyfollowthetext?[A]Anexampleofhowanentrepreneuroperates.[B]Anothertheoryaboutentrepreneurship.[C]Thebadeffectsofentrepreneurs.[D]Thegoodeffectsofentrepreneurs.Text2St.Pauldidn’tlikeit.Moseswarnedhispeopleagainstit.Hesioddeclaredit“mischievious”and“hardtogetridofit,”butOscarWildersaid,“Gossipischarming.”“Historyismerelygossip,”hewroteinoneofhisfamousplays.“Butscandalisgossipmadetediousbymorality.”Intimespast,underJewishlaw,gossipmongersmightbefinedorflogged.ThePuritansputtheminstocksorckingstools,butnopunishmentseemedtohavethedesiredeffectofpreventinggossip,whichhascontinueduninterruptedacrossthebackfencesofthecenturies.Today,however,themuch-malignedhumanfoibleisbeinglookedatinadifferentlight.Psychologists,sociologists,philosophers,evenevolutionarybiologistsareconcludingthatgossipmaynotbesobadafterall.Gossipis“anintrinsicallyvaluableactivity,”philosophyprofessorAaronBen-Ze’evstatesinabookhehasedited,entitledGoodGossip.Foronething,gossiphelpsusacquireinformationthatweneedtoknowthatdoesn’tcomethroughordinarychannels,suchas:“Whatwastherealreasonso-and-sowasfiredfromtheoffice?”Gossipalsoisaformofsocialbonding,Dr.Ben-Ze’evsays.Itis“akindofsharing”thatalso“satisfiesthetribalneed—namely,theneedtobelongtoandbeacceptedbyauniquegroup.”What’smore,theprofessornotes,“Gossipisenjoyable.”Anothergossipgroupie,Dr.RonaldDeSousa,aprofessorofphilosophyattheUniversityofToronto,describesgossipbasicallyasaformofindiscretionanda“saintlyvirtue”,bywhichhemeansthattheknowledgespreadbygossipwillusuallyendupbeingslightlybeneficial.“Itseemslikelythataworldinwhichallinformationwereuniversallyavailablewouldbepreferabletoaworldwhereimmensepowerresidesinthecontrolofsecrets,”hewrites.Still,everybodyknowsthatgossipcanhaveitsilleffects,especiallyonthepoorwretchbeinggossipedabout.Andpeopleshouldrefrainfromcertainkindsofgossipthatmightbeharmful,eventhoughtheckingstoolislongoutoffashion.Bytheway,thereisalsoaninterestingstrainofgossipcalledmedicalgossip,whichinitsbestform,accordingtoresearchersJerryM.SulsandFranklinGoodkin,canmotivatepeoplewithsymptomsofseriousillness,butwhoareunawareofit,toseekmedicalhelp.Sogoaheadandgossip.Butremember,if(asoftenisthecaseamonggossipers)youshouldsuddenlybecomeoneofthegossipeesinstead,itisbesttoemploythefoolproofdefenserecommendedbyPlato,whomayhavelearnedthelessonfromSocrates,whoasyouknowwasthevictimofgossipspreadthathewascorruptingtheyouthofAthens:Whenmenspeakillofthee,solivethatnobodywillbelievethem.Or,asWillRogerssaid,“Livesothatyouwouldn’tbeashamedtosellthefamilyparrottothetowngossip.”46.Persons’remarksarementionedatthebeginningofthetextto____.[A]showthegeneraldisapprovalofgossip[B]introcethetopicofgossip[C]examinegossipfromahistoricalperspective[D]provetherealvalueofgossip47.By“Gossipalsoisaformofsocialbonding”(Para.5),ProfessorAaronBen-Ze’evmeansgossip____.[A]isavaluablesourceofsocialinformation[B]procesajoythatmostpeopleinsocietyneed[C]bringspeoplethefeelofbeingpartofagroup[D]satisfiespeople’sneedofbeingunusual48.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?[A]everyoneinvolvedwillnotbenefitfromgossip.[B]philosophersmayholddifferentattitudestowardgossip.[C]Dr.RonaldDeSousaregardsgossipsasperfectlyadvantageous.[D]peoplearegenerallynotconsciousofthevalueofmedicalgossip.49.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthat____.[A]gossiperswillsurelybecomegossipeessomeday[B]Socrateswasatypicalexampleofagossiperbecomingagossipee[C]Platoescapedbeingavictimofgossipbynogossiping[D]aneasywaytoconfrontgossipwhensubjectedtoitistoliveasusual50.Theauthor’sattitudetoward“gossip”canbebestdescribedas____.[A]neutral[B]positive[C]negative[D]indifferentText3Effortscouldpotentiallyavoidatleastsomeofthepsychopathy(mentalillness)thatunderliesschoolshootings,sincemedicinenowcanhelpeventhemostseverelyill.Andtheywouldalsobenefitthemanyyoungpeoplestrugglingwithfarlessextremebraindisorders.TheU.S.SecretService,whichstudies“targetedviolence”,providesinsightontheurgencyoftheneedinits2002“SafeSchoolInitiative”report:Schoolattacks,insteadofbeingtherandomimpulsiveactsofnoisyandcruelfellows,arewell-plannedeventsmostlycarriedoutbyasinglestudent—whoisnotevilbutmentallyill.Exceptforbeingmale,the41attackersstudiedfitnoprofileoffamilybackground，race，ethnicity，orevenacademicperformance.ManywereAandBstudents.Fewhadahistoryofviolentorcriminalbehavior.Buttheirthoughtswereofviolence,andtheirbehaviorwasoftenintimidating.Theyfrequentlyexpressedviolentthemesintheirwritings,inoneinstanceportrayingkillingandsuicideassolutionstofeelingsofdespair.Thecriminalsoftenhadtelegraphedtootherstudentsandteacherstheirdepressionordesperationandeithertalkedaboutorhadattemptedsuicide.Feelingsofpersecutionbyotherswerecommonandledtogrowingresentmentandanger.Psychiatristsandpsychologistsrecognizethattheseareredflagsdemandingmedicalintervention.Yetoneofmoststrikingfindingsinthereportwasthatthevastmajorityofthesestudentsneverhadamental-healthevaluation.Nowonderonly17percentwerediagnosedwithapsychiatricillness—itwasn’tlookedfor.Thatalonepointstoahugementalhealthgap:Ifthedistressofthesestudentsdidn’ttriggermedicalattention,it’sunlikelythatlessseverestrugglesthatareseeninasmanyas15to20percentofotherstudentswilldoso.Onlyrecentlyhavewelearnedthattheseareneurodevelopmentaldisorderswhoseearlysignsmightwellbepickedupinroutinepodiatricscreening.Forexample,aclassicbehaviorinachildthatcanprecedepsychosislaterin1ifeisspeakingtoalmostnoone,evenfamily,saysNasrallah.Genesareknowntoconfervulnerability,butequallyimportantistheenvironment.Stressorgreatdisappointmentcanaggravatesymptoms;Connectingwithanaltinanongoingrelationshipcandotheopposite.Interventionslikesocial-skillstrainingcombinedwithtalktherapyandtargetedmedicationcanmakeahugedifference.Earlytreatmentcanlessenthefrequencyandintensityofpsychoticepisodes,leavingmanypatientswithonlythemildestofsymptoms.Andtheyoungerthebrain,themoremalleableis.Theultimategoalistonotonlymodifyevaluationofdiseasebutkeepitfromarisinginthefirstplace.Thisisachievable,andthepathtogetthereisbecomingclear.51.AccordingtotheUSSecretService,schoolattacksarecharacterizedas.[A]reactive[B]revengeful[C]plotted[D]impulsive52.Onecommoncharacteristicofschoolattackersisthat.[A]theyexhibitbadacademicperformances[B]theyhaveviolentthoughtsandintimidatingbehavior[C]theyregardhomicideandsuicideaswaysoftacklingdespair[D]theyhaverecordsofviolenceandcrimes