2011年考研英语(一)试题分析：知识点考查有所侧重

选择题：1～5ACBDD；6～10BACCA；11～15DBACA；16～20CDACD21～25BBDAA；26～30DBCBB；31～35BDCDB；36～40DCBAC41～45EDCFG

2011年考研英语分析：知识点考查有所偏重整体来说，今年和前几年的考试，在考点上面并没有太多变动，只是在某些知识点的考查上面有所偏重，在其他部分就有所减少。(1)完形填空今年在完型填空方面的考查上，

今年的完形为什么跟2010、09、08年比略微容易一点呢？今年的完形比较能看懂，201年的完形讲的是一个实验，读起来有点费劲。08、09讲的是对人的智力研究。是偏科技一些，并且与心理和心理实验也有些

“年年岁岁题相似，岁岁年年人不同”，这句话最好诠释了近12年考研英语大作文的特点。2011年1月15日下午的英语考试刚刚落下帷幕，广大考研学子还要为明天的专业课或数学考试做最

2011年考研英语的考试刚刚结束，就拿到的真题分析，整体难度与2010年相比，有所下降，但是各部分的题目难度增减不一。完型填空部分，难度基本上没有变化，但是对词汇的考察有所加强，阅读理解PartA

Whowouldhavethoughtthat,globally,theITinstryprocesaboutthesamevolumesofgreenhousega

Withitsthemethat“Mindisthemasterweaver,”creatingourinnercharacterandouter

SectionII  ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.“Hooray!Atlast!”wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic。Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimes,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconctorabouthim。”AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise。Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconctororevenagoodone.Tobesure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes。Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Thererecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances;moreover,theycanbe“consumed”atatimeandplaceofthelistener’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert。Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbert’sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:AlexRoss,aclassical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicinto“amarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization。”Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference?Merelyexpandingtheorchestra’srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica’soldestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopstoattract。21.WelearnfromPara.1thatGilbert’sappointmenthas[A]incurredcriticism。[B]raisedsuspicion。[C]receivedacclaim。[D]arousedcuriosity。22.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois[A]influential。[B]modest。[C]respectable。[D]talented。23.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers[A]ignoretheexpensesofliveperformances。[B]rejectmostkindsofrecordedperformances。[C]exaggeratethevarietyofliveperformances。[D]overestimatethevalueofliveperformances。24.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?[A]Theyareofteninferiortoliveconcertsinquality。[B]Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic。[C]Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic。[D]Theyhaveonlycoveredmasterpieces。25.RegardingGilbert’sroleinrevitalizingthePhilharmonic,theauthorfeels[A]doubtful。[B]enthusiastic。[C]confident。[D]puzzled。Text2WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleaving“topursuemygoalofrunningacompany。”Broadcastinghisambitionwas“verymuchmydecision,”McGeesays.Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup,whichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29.McGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetoreflectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn’talone.InrecentweekstheNo.2executivesatAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsetoshareholderpressure,executiveswhodon’tgetthenodalsomaywishtomoveon.Aturbulentbusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations。Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.Inthethirdquarter,CEOturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders。Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKorn/FerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey:”Ican’tthinkofasinglesearchI’vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst。”Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven’talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeage,sayingshewantedtobeaCEO.ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiesexchange.RobertWillumstadleftCitigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstitutionthreeyearslater。Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadone.“Thetraditionalrulewasit’ssafertostaywhereyouare,butthat’sbeenfundamentallyinverted,”saysoneheadhunter.“Thepeoplewho’vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho’vestayedtoolong。”26.WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparture,hismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing[A]arrogant。[B]frank。[C]self-centered。[D]impulsive。27.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutives’quittingmaybespurredby[A]theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatus。[B]theirneedtoreflectontheirprivatelife。[C]theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards。[D]theirpursuitofnewcareergoals。28.Theword“poached”(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans[A]approvedof。[B]attendedto。[C]huntedfor。[D]guardedagainst。29.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat[A]topperformersusedtoclingtotheirposts。[B]loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-dated。[C]topperformerscaremoreaboutreputations。[D]it’ssafertosticktothetraditionalrules。30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?[A]CEOs:WheretoGo?[B]CEOs:AlltheWayUp?[C]TopManagersJumpwithoutaNet[D]TheOnlyWayOutforTopPerformersText3Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditional“paid”media–suchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements–stillplayamajorrole,companiestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproctmaycreate“owned”mediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproctsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachthebroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia。Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownprocts.Forearnedmedia,suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers’responses.Butinsomecases,onemarketer’sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer’spaidmedia–forinstance,whenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrend,whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy,effectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.Johnson&Johnson,forexample,hascreatedBabyCenter,astand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveprocts.Besidesgeneratingincome,thepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjective,givescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies’marketing,andmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned。Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmore(andmorediverse)communicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumerswillvoicetheiropinionsinquicker,morevisible,andmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumers,otherstakeholders,oractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproct.Membersofsocialnetworks,forinstance,arelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapplypressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem。Ifthathappens,passionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottprocts,puttingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacase,thecompany’sresponsemaynotbesufficientlyquickorthoughtful,andthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotor,forexample,alleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaign,whichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg。31.Consumersmaycreate“earned”mediawhentheyare[A]obscssedwithonlineshoppingatcertainWebsites。[B]inspiredbyproct-promotinge-mailssenttothem。[C]eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequalityprocts。[D]enthusiasticaboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteprocts。32.AccordingtoParagraph2,soldmediafeature[A]asafebusinessenvironment。[B]randomcompetition。[C]strongusertraffic。[D]flexibilityinorganization。33.TheauthorindicatesinParagraph3thatearnedmedia[A]inviteconstantconflictswithpassionateconsumers。[B]canbeusedtoprocenegativeeffectsinmarketing。[C]mayberesponsibleforfiercercompetition。[D]deserveallthenegativecommentsaboutthem。34.ToyotaMotor’sexperienceiscitedasanexampleof[A]respondingeffectivelytohijackedmedia。[B]persuadingcustomersintoboycottingprocts。[C]cooperatingwithsupportiveconsumers。[D]takingadvantageofhijackedmedia。35.Whichofthefollowingisthetextmainlyabout?[A]Alternativestoconventionalpaidmedia。[B]Conflictbetweenhijackedandearnedmedia。[C]Dominanceofhijackedmedia。[D]Popularityofownedmedia。Text4It’snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightful,provocativemagazinecoverstory,“IloveMyChildren,IHateMyLife,”isarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight。”ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullock,aswellastheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant”news.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,smilingonthenewsstands。Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation,isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?Itdoesn’tseemquitefair,then,tocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkids,butunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld:obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives。Ofcourse,theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealistic,especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples,singleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere,consideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellit,raisingakidontheir“own”(read:withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake。It’shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearembenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous:mostaltsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-free,happiness-enhancingparenthoodaren’tinsomesmall,subconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperience,inthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgetting“theRachel”mightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston。36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring[A]temporarydelight[B]enjoymentinprogress[C]happinessinretrospect[D]lastingreward37.WelearnfromParagraph2that[A]celebritymomsareapermanentsourceforgossip。[B]singlemotherswithbabiesdeservegreaterattention。[C]newsaboutpregnantcelebritiesisentertaining。[D]havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic。38.ItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks[A]areconstantlyexposedtocriticism。[B]arelargelyignoredbythemedia。[C]failtofulfilltheirsocialresponsibilities。[D]arelesslikelytobesatisfiedwiththeirlife。39.AccordingtoParagraph4,themessageconveyedbycelebritymagazinesis[A]soothing。[B]ambiguous。[C]compensatory。[D]misleading。40.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?[A]Havingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourofcelebritymoms。[B]Celebritymomshaveinfluencedourattitudetowardschildrearing。[C]Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwithlife。[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchildrearing。PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagrapharegiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemintothenumberedboxes.ParagraphsEandGhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)[A]Nodisciplineshaveseizedonprofessionalismwithasmuchenthusiasmasthehumanities.Youcan,MrMenandpointsout,becamealawyerinthreeyearsandamedicaldoctorinfour.Buttheregulartimeittakestogetadoctoraldegreeinthehumanitiesisnineyears.Notsurprisingly,uptohalfofalldoctoralstudentsinEnglishdropoutbeforegettingtheirdegrees。[B]Hisconcernismainlywiththehumanities:Literature,languages,philosophyandsoon.Thesearedisciplinesthataregoingoutofstyle:22%ofAmericancollegegraatesnowmajorinbusinesscomparedwithonly2%inhistoryand4%inEnglish.However,manyleadingAmericanuniversitieswanttheirundergraatestohaveagroundinginthebasiccanonofideasthateveryecatedpersonshouldposses.Butmostfinditdifficulttoagreeonwhata“generalecation”shouldlooklike.AtHarvard,MrMenandnotes,“thegreatbooksarereadbecausetheyhavebeenread”-theyformasortofsocialglue。[C]Equallyunsurprisingly,onlyabouthalfendupwithprofessorshipsforwhichtheyenteredgraateschool.Therearesimplytoofewposts.ThisispartlybecauseuniversitiescontinuetoproceevermorePhDs.Butfewerstudentswanttostudyhumanitiessubjects:Englishdepartmentsawardedmorebachelor’sdegreesin1970-71thantheydid20yearslater.Fewerstudentsrequiresfewerteachers.So,attheendofadecadeoftheses-writing,manyhumanitiesstudentsleavetheprofessiontodosomethingforwhichtheyhavenotbeentrained。[D]OnereasonwhyitishardtodesignandteachsuchcoursesisthattheycancutacrosstheinsistencebytopAmericanuniversitiesthatliberal-artsecationsandprofessionalecationshouldbekeptseparate,taughtindifferentschools.Manystudentsexperiencebothvarieties.AlthoughmorethanhalfofHarvardundergraatesendupinlaw,medicineorbusiness,futuredoctorsandlawyersmuststudyanon-specialistliberal-artsdegreebeforeembarkingonaprofessionalqualification。[E]Besidesprofessionalizingtheprofessionsbythisseparation,topAmericanuniversitieshaveprofessionalisedtheprofessor.Thegrowthinpublicmoneyforacademicresearchhasspeededtheprocess:federalresearchgrantsrosefourfoldbetween1960and1990,butfacultyteachinghoursfellbyhalfasresearchtookitstoll.Professionalismhasturnedtheacquisitionofadoctoraldegreeintoaprerequisiteforasuccessfulacademiccareer:aslateas1969athirdofAmericanprofessorsdidnotpossessone.Butthekeyideabehindprofessionalisation,arguesMrMenand,isthat“theknowledgeandskillsneededforaparticularspecializationaretransmissiblebutnottransferable。”Sodisciplinesacquireamonopolynotjustovertheproctionofknowledge,butalsoovertheproctionoftheprocersofknowledge。[F]Thekeytoreforminghigherecation,concludesMrMenand,istoalterthewayinwhich“theprocersofknowledgeareproced。”Otherwise,academicswillcontinuetothinkdangerouslyalike,increasinglydetachedfromthesocietieswhichtheystudy,investigateandcriticize。”Academicinquiry,atleastinsomefields,mayneedtobecomelessexclusionaryandmoreholistic。”Yetquitehowthathappens,MrMenanddosenotsay。[G]ThesubtleandintelligentlittlebookTheMarketplaceofIdeas:ReformandResistanceintheAmericanUniversityshouldbereadbyeverystudentthinkingofapplyingtotakeadoctoraldegree.Theymaythendecidetogoelsewhere.ForsomethingcurioushasbeenhappeninginAmericanUniversities,andLouisMenand,aprofessorofEnglishatHarvardUniversity,captureditskillfully。G →41.  →42.  → E →43.  →44.  →45.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittencarefullyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)Withitsthemethat“Mindisthemasterweaver,”creatingourinnercharacterandoutercircumstances,thebookAsaManThinkingbyJamesAllenisanin-depthexplorationofthecentralideaofself-helpwriting。(46)Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare-thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts-andrevealitserroneousnature.Becausemostofusbelievethatmindisseparatefrommatter,wethinkthatthoughtscanbehiddenandmadepowerless;thisallowsustothinkonewayandactanother.However,Allenbelievedthattheunconsciousmindgeneratesasmuchactionastheconsciousmind,and(47)whilewemaybeabletosustaintheillusionofcontrolthroughtheconsciousmindalone,inrealitywearecontinuallyfacedwithaquestion:“WhycannotImakemyselfdothisorachievethat?”Sincedesireandwillaredamagedbythepresenceofthoughtsthatdonotaccordwithdesire,Allenconcluded:“Wedonotattractwhatwewant,butwhatweare。”Achievementhappensbecauseyouasapersonembodytheexternalachievement;youdon’t“get”successbutbecomeit.Thereisnogapbetweenmindandmatter。PartofthefameofAllen’sbookisitscontentionthat“Circumstancesdonotmakeaperson,theyrevealhim。”(48)Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,andarationalizationofexploitation,ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom。This,however,wouldbeaknee-jerkreactiontoasubtleargument.Eachsetofcircumstances,howeverbad,offersauniqueopportunityforgrowth.Ifcircumstancesalwaysdeterminedthelifeandprospectsofpeople,thenhumanity wouldneverhaveprogressed.     Infat,(49)circumstancesseemtobedesignedtobringoutthebestinusandifwefeelthatwehavebeen“wronged”thenweareunlikelytobeginaconsciousefforttoescapefromoursituation.Nevertheless,asanybiographerknows,aperson’searlylifeanditsconditionsareoftenthegreatestgifttoanindivial。ThesoberingaspectofAllen’sbookisthatwehavenooneelsetoblameforourpresentconditionexceptourselves.(50)Theupsideisthepossibilitiescontainedinknowingthateverythingisuptous;wherebeforewewereexpertsintheoflimitations,nowwebecomeauthoritiesofwhatispossible。

关键词：本次试卷难度整体来说相对适中今年英语一出题思路延续了以往的出题思路，各个题型文章类型紧紧围绕热点话题，题材紧紧围绕英美国家的文化、历史、国家政策，从各个层面考查了考生的英语理解与综合运用能力