2016年考研政治及答案

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，政治是不易拉出分值差距的一门学科，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2015年考研政治及答案，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。单项选择题：

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，政治是不易拉出分值差距的一门学科，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2014年考研政治及答案，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。一、单项选择

2019考研复习正在紧张的进行中，为了更好的帮助同学们学习。小编为大家整理了“2019教育学考研教育史专业就业前景”的相关信息，解决各位考生的疑惑，提醒大家要合理安排复习时

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，政治是不易拉出分值差距的一门学科，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2013年考研政治及答案，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。一、单项选择

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，英语复习是一件令人头疼的事，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2017年考研英语一及答案的相关信息，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!” 1  helpingyoufeelcloseand 2 topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa  3 ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou 4 gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy5over400healthyalts,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs 6 theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing 7 tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome 8 withacold,andtheresearchers9 thatthestress-recingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12 .“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe 13 riskforcoldsthat’susually 14withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15 thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp 16difficulty.”Someexperts17thestress-recing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”18 itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofit19 inthebrain,whereit20 mood,behaviorandphysiology.1.A.Unlike    B.Besides    C.Throughout   D.Despite2.A.equal    B.restricted    C.connected    D.inferior3.A.host     B.view      C.lesson     D.choice4.A.recall    B.forget     C.avoid     D.keep5.A.collecting   B.affecting    C.guiding     D.involving6.A.on      B.in      C.at       D.of7.A.devoted    B.exposed    C.lost      D.attracted8.A.along     B.across    C.down      D.out9.A.imagined   B.denied    C.doubted     D.calculated10.A.served    B.explained   C.restored     D.required11.A.Thus     B.Still     C.Rather     D.Even12.A.defeats    B.symptoms   C.errors      D.tests13.A.highlighted  B.minimized  C.controlled    D.increased14.A.associated   B.equipped   C.presented    D.compared15.A.assess    B.moderate   C.generate    D.record16.A.inthefaceof B.intheformof C.inthenameof  D.inthewayof17.A.attribute   B.commit    C.transfer     D.return18.A.unless    B.because   C.though     D.until19.A.vanishes   B.emerges   C.remains     D.decreases20.A.experiences  B.combines   C.justifies     D.Influences【答案】1.【B】Besides2.【C】connected3.【A】host4.【C】avoid5.【D】involving6.【A】on7.【B】exposed8.【C】down9.【D】calculated10.【B】explained11.【D】Even12.【B】symptoms13.【D】increased14.【A】associated15.【C】generate16.【A】inthefaceof17.【A】attribute18.【B】because19.【C】remains20.【D】influencesSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons-bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetraveletotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago’sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookdoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesunderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessaryline's.Itislongpasttimeomaketheprogramwork.21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.[B]explainAmerican’stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.Airports.[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.23.Theword“expedited”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto[A]quieter.[B]faster.[C]wider.[D]cheaper.24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis[A]adramaticrectionofitsscale.[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation.[C]thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit.[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]GettingStuckinSecurityLines[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution[C]LessScreeningforMoreSafety[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanesText1【答案】21.【B】explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecurityworldwide22.【C】Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers23.【D】faster24.【D】anunreasonblepriceforenrollment25.【A】LessScreeningforMoreSafetyText2“TheancientHawaiiansareastronomers”,wroteQueenLilihuokalani,Hawii’slastreigningmonarch,in1987,StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestershaveeruptofoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofcosmos.AttheissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adomantvolcanoworshipedbyhsomeHawaiianaspoko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandtotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePercificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofsurpassedclarity.OppositionstotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderofoccupationofwhatwasonesasovereignnation.Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuiltbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayforunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands’inhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnottherelicofthepastitisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.Yetsciencehasaculturehistory,too,whichrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtclearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanbothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies.Asifansweringaprimarycallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.TheastronomycommunityismakingcomprisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesretunedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.26. QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates[A].herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy[B].theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety[C].theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes[D].herappreciationofstarwatcher’sfeatsinhertime27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsiteeto[A].itsgeographicalfeatures[B].itsprotectivesurroundings[C].itsreligiousimplication[D].itsexcitinginfrastructure28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalpartlybecause[A].itmayriskruiningthetheirintellectuallife[B].itremainsthemofahumiliatinghistory[C].theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival[D].theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday’sastronomy[A].isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiian[B].helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld[C].maycovertheoriginofHawaiianculture[D].willeventuallysoftenHawaiians’history30.Theauthor’sattitudetowardschoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof[A].severecriticism[B].passiveacceptance[C].slighthesitancy[D].fullapprovalText2【答案】26.【C】theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes27.【A】itsgeographicalfeatures28.【B】itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory29.【C】mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture30.【D】fullapprovalText3RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropean,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternWorld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsosowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthwell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedmeaningfulimprovementforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,ecationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandecation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethod formeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalequalityorecationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerwhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.31.RobertF.KennedyiscitedbecauseheApraisedtheUKforitsGDP.BidentifiedGDPwithhappiness.CmisinterpretedtheroleofGDP.DhadalowopinionofGDP.32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatAtheUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.BtheUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.CGDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.DpolicymakerintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?AItexcludesGDPasanindicator.BItissponsoredby163countries.CItscriteriaarequestionable.DItsresultareenlightening.34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhatAtheUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.BhighGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.CitisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.Ditrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissue.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?AhighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLessonBGDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealthCRobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDPDBrexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-beingText3【答案】31.【D】HadalowopinionofGDP.32.【C】GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.33.【A】Itsresultsareenlightening.34.【C】ItisessentialtoconsiderfactorsarebeyondGDP.35.【A】HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson.Text4Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell’strailfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts”,ortheformergovernor’sdecisionson“specific”and“unsettled”issuesrelatedtohisties.Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful”and“nasty”.Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotanan“officialact”.Thecourt’srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery.“Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,”wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertforthecourt,“assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.”Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindivialorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader’ssourcesofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety---thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment---isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindivial.Thecourt’srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.36.Theunderlinedsentence(Para.1)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourtAavoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell’sties.BmadenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.CwascontemptuousofMcDonnell’sconct.DrefusedtocommentonMcDonnell’sethics.37AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolvesAconcretereturnsforgift-givers.Bsizablegainsintheformofgifts.Cleakingsecretsintentionally.Dbreakingcontractsofficially.38Thecourt’srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsareAallowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.Bqualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.Cjustifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.Dexemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.39Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededtoAawakentheconscienceofofficials.Bguaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.Callowforcertainkindsoflobbying.Dinspirehopesinaveragepeople.40Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingisAsarcastic.Btolerant.CskepticalDsupportiveText4【答案】36.【B】madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell37.【A】concretereturnsforthegift-givers38.【A】allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters39.【B】guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess40.【D】supportivePartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41-45,youarerequiredtorecognizetheseparagraphsacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gandfillingthemthenumberedboxes.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouanswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPolarWalk”broughttearstoDickens’seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz”inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens’sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,Dickenswrotetohispose.Seymourmadethechange,wenthisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer,DickenscaftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.[E]Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.Hetaughthimselfshorthandtogetonevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinparliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter’seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhim,especiallyanythingcomicoradd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.[F]DickenswasborninPortsmatch,onEngland’sstudentcoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishNavypayoffice-arespectableposition,butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeper,possessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground,Dickens’smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickens’sbirth,hismother’sfatherhascaught,stealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily’sincreasingpartyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinwarren’sBlackingisNarehouse,ashoe-polishingfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysneckedhimasyounggentleman”.Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather’simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens’sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.[G]AfterPickwicr,Dickensplungedableakerword.Inotherhetracesanorphan’sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NieholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTuiswiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDicken’sasanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.【答案】PartB41.F.DickenswasborninPortsmactch,onEnglands…42.E.Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison…43.A.Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoplarWalk”…44.C.SoonafterSketchesbyBozappearedapublishingfirm…45.G.AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedableakerworld…PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThegowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld’sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades(46)butevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesingsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturalchangescouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebeadthofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacefewpressures.ThoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddol.(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contendednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationsoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanguagescapabilities.DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizationsalongsidethat(48)manycountriesareintrocingEnglishtheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationalecationmarketsasthedemandforecationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagessuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestotheUK’sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroaderecationbusinesssectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly£1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourotherecationrelatedexportsearnupto£10billionayearmore.Astheinternationalecationmarketexpands,therecentslowdowninthenumbersofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Clearly,theeffectofdevelopmentsinthatdirectionwouldnotbelimitedtothecommercialandecationalsectors.Culturalandcivilcontactsandunderstandingwouldalsobediluted.Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:(50)ItgivesabasistoallorganizationswhichseektopromotethelearninganduseofEnglish,abasisforplanningtomeetthepossibilitiesofwhatcouldbeaverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthiscaseinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuture.【答案】46.但是随着讲英语人数的进一步扩增，社会发现了这些迹象：英语语言的全球主导地位预期将来可能变弱。47.因此，大卫·格瑞德尔的一些分析经过了一些人的自我满足，这些人可能相信英语的世界地位很稳固，因此英国的年轻人无需掌握其他语言能力。48.许多国家正在将英语纳入小学课程当中，但是英国的儿童和学生似乎并未受到鼓励而能够流利地运用其他语言。49.大卫·格瑞德尔所确定的这些变化都体现出了对英国的英语语言的提供者清晰且主要的质疑，这些提供者教其他国家的人们英语，并扩大教育事业的版图。50.这一预期为试图促进英语语言的学习和使用的机构奠定了基础，也为满足这些可能性的计划奠定了基础，即人们能够建立一种截然不同的运行操作环境的可能性。PartBSectionIII Writing51.Directions: YouaretowriteanemailtoJamesCook,anewly-arrivedAustraliaprofessor,recommendingsometouristattractioninyourcity.Pleasegivereasonforyourecommendation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemai.Use“LiMing”instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points).51.【参考范文】DearProfessor,Iamwritingthislettertorecommendyousomefamousattractionsofthiscity.Ihavelivedheresince1990andhavebeenfamiliarwitheverycornerofourcity.Firstly,consideringthatyouarethefreshvisitortoourcity,soitisadvisableforyoutohavealookupontheCity’sMuseum,whichisbeneficialforquicklylearningthecomprehensiveperspective,suchasthedevelopmentofthiscity,anditsspecificculture.What’smore,anothertouristsitedeservingyourattentionisourspecialandsophisticatedbuildingsinthecenterofthecity,sincethesebuildingsaretellingresidentsthegraalchanginghabitsandlifestyles,whicharehelpfultoassimilateyourselfthiscity.Idohopethatyouwouldfindthesetouristattractionsworthyofyourvisitandappreciation.Sincerelyyours,LiMing52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures.Inyouressay,youshould1)Describethepicturesbriefly2)Interpretthemeaning,and3)Giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)【参考范文】Herearetwopictures,bothinterestingbutwithsharplycontrastedimplication.Asisvividlydepictedinthefirstphoto,amansittinginsofalookingathisbookshelvesandsatisfiedwiththequantity,whichsuccessfullyarousesourcuriosity.Onthecontrary,thesecondpicturedescribesthatanotherteenagersethisaimatcomplete20piecesbooksreading,finallycompletingthecontrastofthetwopictures.Apparently,whatthetwodrawingshavesubtlyconveyedbytheirstrikingcontrastissupposedtobegivenfurtheranalysis.Withtheincreasingpaceofmodernlife,perhapsnochangehascharacterizedthepastdecademoredramaticallythanthewidespreadofreading.Naturally,itbringsusbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Asformypart,thelatteroutweighsitsformer.Onthetopoflististhatpeoplebecameflippancywithoutreading.Inaddition,thereistheotherpointthatnoonecanignore.Itisuniversallyadmittedthatanationwillrecedewithoutreading.NoothercasecanbetterillustratetheconsequencesofwhatIhavediscussedthanthepictureabove.Accordingtotheanalysisabove,itisadvisableforustotakestepstomaximizeitspositiveeffectsandminimizethedisadvantages.Ofallthesteps,massmediatendstofunctionessentiallyinthejob.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakethebestofthevalueofreadingandembraceabrightfuture.推荐阅读》》第一章管理学考研院校动态2018考研文理科学生管理学院校选择各有千秋2018考研管理学招收院校前十名排行榜 2018管理学考研院校分析详情 2018考研：管理学院校连连看 2018考研管理学专业设置及招生院校 第二章考研成功经验篇跨专业报考华中科技大学管理学专业的复习经验中国人民大学管理学考研经验谈2018考研管理学之厦门大学企业管理经验总结   第三章名校备考篇清华大学管理学参考书推荐 中国人民大学行政管理学考研参考书目推荐 北京大学行政管理学考试内容及考研参考书目推荐为了帮助考生更好地准备2018管理学硕士考研,为广大学子推出2018考研OL乐学、全年集训、精品网课2018考研全科协议班，贴心精细的全程服务，强大的TOP教学体系，丰富的学习资料，针对每一个科目要点进行深入的指导分析，还会根据每年的考研大纲进行针对性的分析哦~欢迎各位考生了解咨询。同时，一直为大家推出考研直播课堂，足不出户就可以边听课边学习，为大家的考研梦想助力!

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，英语复习是一件令人头疼的事，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2016年考研英语一及答案的相关信息，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，英语复习是一件令人头疼的事，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2015年考研英语一及答案的相关信息，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。Sec

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，英语复习是一件令人头疼的事，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2014年考研英语一及答案的相关信息，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。201

2018考研交流群586254585对于考研的同学来说，英语复习是一件令人头疼的事，为了帮助大家顺利的考试，小编为大家整理了2013年考研英语一及答案的相关信息，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。201